identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
61139E33C753196D3001FA57FA9F76EC.text	61139E33C753196D3001FA57FA9F76EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agarna Schiodte and Meinert 1884	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Genus  Agarna Schiödte and Meinert, 1884</p>
            <p> Agarna Schiödte and Meinert, 1884: 329 . — Barnard, 1936: 170. — Tiwari, 1952: 295–300, pl. iv, text figs. 1–2. — Pillai, 1954: 16. — Bowman and Tareen, 1983: 21, — Aneesh, 2014: 36. — Aneesh et al., 2018: 3. </p>
            <p> Type species.  Agarna cumulus (Haller, 1880) . </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/61139E33C753196D3001FA57FA9F76EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kumar, Panakkool Thamban Aneesh Helna Ameri Kottarathil Appukuttannair Biju	Kumar, Panakkool Thamban Aneesh Helna Ameri Kottarathil Appukuttannair Biju (2022): Simultaneous double parasitism by the parasitic cymothoids (Crustacea: Isopoda) of two genera on a single host fish Tenualosa toli from India. Nauplius (e 2022013) 30: 1-8, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936e2022013, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2022013
61139E33C753196A30A1F8C1FDBA7594.text	61139E33C753196A30A1F8C1FDBA7594.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Agarna malayi Tiwari 1952	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Agarna malayi Tiwari, 1952</p>
            <p>(Fig. 1 B, C)</p>
            <p> Agarna malayi Tiwari, 1952: 295–300 , pl. iv, figs. 1–2. — Bowman and Tareen, 1983: 21. — Aneesh et al., 2016: 1–8, fig. 1a–d. — Aneesh et al., 2018: 1–22, figs. 1–14. </p>
            <p> Indusa malayi — Pillai, 1964: 211–223, fig. 3, 7d. — Trilles, 1994: 198. — Trilles and Vala, 1975: 972. </p>
            <p> Indusa ophueseni Pillai, 1954: 15 . </p>
            <p> Host.  Tenualosa toli (  Clupeidae ),  Nematalosa nasus (Bloch, 1795) (  Clupeidae ), and  Mugil ophueseni (Bleeker, 1858) (=  Valamugil cunnesius (Valenciennes, 1836) (  Mugilidae ) (Tiwari, 1952; Pillai, 1954; 1964; Aneesh et al., 2016; 2018; present study). </p>
            <p>Distribution. Kolkata (Tiwari, 1952), Travancore (Pillai, 1954; present study), Kayamkulam Lake, Kerala, southwest coast of India (Pillai, 1964; present study), Bay of Bengal and Malabar coast of Kerala, India (Aneesh et al., 2016; 2018; present study).</p>
            <p> Remarks.  Agarna malayi was described by Tiwari (1952) based on the materials collected from  N. nasus from Kolkata. Later, Pillai (1964) reported and redescribed based on the materials collected from  M. ophueseni (Bleeker) off the Kerala coast. Recently the species is redescribed based on the examination of the type material and several fresh specimens collected from Kerala coast and by considering all lifecycle stages (see Aneesh et al., 2018).  Agarna malayi can be well separated from other branchial cymothoids by its largely hunched body; the shape of the cephalon and pereonite 1; body strongly recurved towards one side; cephalon roughly triangular with narrow round apex, accommodated in the deeply recessed amphicephalic process of pereonite 1; the presence of many pustules on the dorsal surface of pleotelson. </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/61139E33C753196A30A1F8C1FDBA7594	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kumar, Panakkool Thamban Aneesh Helna Ameri Kottarathil Appukuttannair Biju	Kumar, Panakkool Thamban Aneesh Helna Ameri Kottarathil Appukuttannair Biju (2022): Simultaneous double parasitism by the parasitic cymothoids (Crustacea: Isopoda) of two genera on a single host fish Tenualosa toli from India. Nauplius (e 2022013) 30: 1-8, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936e2022013, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2022013
61139E33C754196A324BFA09FA507116.text	61139E33C754196A324BFA09FA507116.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anilocra Leach 1818	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Genus  Anilocra Leach, 1818</p>
            <p> Anilocra Leach, 1818: 348 , 350. — Desmarest, 1825: 306. — Milne-Edwards, 1840: 255. — Dana, 1853: 747. — Schioedte and Meinert, 1881: 100. — Gerstaecker, 1882: 231. — Richardson, 1905: 25. — Hale, 1926: 210. — Schultz, 1969: 153. — Kensley, 1978: 78. — Kussakin, 1979: 281. — Brusca, 1981: 140. — Brusca and Iverson, 1985: 45. — Bruce, 1987: 89. — Trilles, 1975: 303. — Trilles, 1994: 55. — Thatcher and Blumenfeldt, 2001: 270. — Welicky et al., 2017: 24. — Aneesh et al., 2019: 444. — Aneesh et al., 2021: 323. </p>
            <p> Canolira Leach, 1818: 350 . </p>
            <p>Epichthyes Herklots, 1870: 122.</p>
            <p> Type species:  Anilocra physodes (Linnaeus, 1758) . </p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/61139E33C754196A324BFA09FA507116	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kumar, Panakkool Thamban Aneesh Helna Ameri Kottarathil Appukuttannair Biju	Kumar, Panakkool Thamban Aneesh Helna Ameri Kottarathil Appukuttannair Biju (2022): Simultaneous double parasitism by the parasitic cymothoids (Crustacea: Isopoda) of two genera on a single host fish Tenualosa toli from India. Nauplius (e 2022013) 30: 1-8, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936e2022013, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2022013
61139E33C754196B303FFE8BFE3E77BA.text	61139E33C754196B303FFE8BFE3E77BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anilocra grandmaae Aneesh, Hadfield, Smit and Kumar 2021	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
    <body>
        <div>
            <p> Anilocra grandmaae Aneesh, Hadfield, Smit and Kumar, 2021</p>
            <p>(Fig. 1 D)</p>
            <p> Anilocra grandmaae Aneesh, Hadfield, Smit and Kumar, 2021: 321–328 , figs. 1 – 6. </p>
            <p> Anilocra leptosoma [not  Anilocra leptosoma Bleeker, 1857 ] —Aneesh et al., 2017: 443 – 450, figs. 1 – 4. — Amrutha et al., 2021: 95, fig. 1. </p>
            <p> Host.  Tenualosa toli and  Nematalosa nasus (  Clupeidae ) (Aneesh et al., 2019; 2021; Amrutha et al., 2021; present study). </p>
            <p>Distribution. Kerala coast;southwest coast of India; the Bay of Bengal and Malabar coast of Kerala, India (Aneesh et al., 2021; present study).</p>
            <p> Remarks. The body surface attaching cymothoid  An. grandmaae is recently described by Aneesh et al. (2021) based on morphological and molecular characterization.This species was originally identified as  An. leptosoma by Aneesh et al. (2019) and the reexamination of the materials suggested that it may not be the original  An. leptosoma of Bleeker and therefore was erected as a new species.  Anilocra grandmaae , can be identified by: body less than 4.0 times as long as wide; antennula article 3 anterodistal margin expanded, 1.2–1.4 times as wide as long; pleonite 1 visible but largely concealed by pereonite 7, lateral margin posteriorly produced; pereopods 1–4 with three prominent nodules on dactylus; endopod of pleopods 3–5 with proximomedial lobe and endopod of pleopods 3–5 with multiple folds; pleotelson ovate, lateral margins converging smoothly to a caudomedial point (Aneesh et al., 2021). </p>
            <p>Eventhoughthesimultaneousco-occurrenceof2–5 different species of parasitic crustaceans are reported from different regions, including India, the studies on co-occurrence involving two different cymothoids were very scarce (Daniel and Premkumar, 1967; Benz et al., 2003; Rajkumar et al., 2006; Gopalakrishnan et al., 2010; Aneesh et al., 2013; 2014; Welicky and Smit, 2018). Before this study, only two valid reports are available: a recent report by Welicky and Smit (2018) from South Africa and another from the Caribbean by Williams and Bunkley-Williams (1985).</p>
            <p> Previously reported simultaneous multiple co-infestations involved one cymothoid isopod or cirriped and a copepod, or a maximum of four copepods or 2–5 copepods from different genera (Aneesh et al., 2014). Interestingly, the species involved in the double, triple, or quadruple parasitism exhibit site and niche specific parasitism to avoid interspecific competition (Aneesh et al., 2014). Similar observations were noted in the case of cymothoid co-infestations, which included one body surface and a branchial infesting species, or body surface and a buccal infesting species (Welicky and Smit, 2018). Similarly, the two cymothoids involved in the present study also exhibit the site and niche specific parasitization with  An. grandmaae attached to the body surface and  Ag. malayi settled on either side of the gill chamber (Fig. 1A). </p>
            <p> Parasitic cymothoids exhibit a different level of oligoxenous host specificity (Smit et al., 2014; Aneesh et al., 2019). Most species are restricted to one, or a limited number of hosts (Smit et al., 2014; Aneesh et al., 2019). The toli shad,  T. toli is the type host for  An. grandmaae and  An. malayi is also reported from the same host (Aneesh et al., 2018; 2021). The prevalence of both species confirms their specificity towards  T. toli . The infestation prevalence of  Ag. malayi and  An. grandmaae being 13.88 % (113 out of 814) and 8.72 % (71 out of 814), respectively. The prevalence of a simultaneous co-infestation is only 1.1 % (nine out of 814). </p>
            <p>The mechanism and the reason for simultaneous co-infestation by two cymothoid genera are still unknown. Out of the seven different localities, the simultaneous co-infestation was recorded only from three nearby localities (Azhikkal, Ayyikkara, and Ponnani) along the Malabar coast, suggesting that environmental factors may have some influence on triggering the co-occurrence. Detailed studies are needed to find out the triggering mechanisms. A better understanding of the role of environmental factors and mechanisms of host-parasite interaction among cymothoids and their hosts involved in co-infestation is warranted.</p>
        </div>
    </body>
</html>
	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/61139E33C754196B303FFE8BFE3E77BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Kumar, Panakkool Thamban Aneesh Helna Ameri Kottarathil Appukuttannair Biju	Kumar, Panakkool Thamban Aneesh Helna Ameri Kottarathil Appukuttannair Biju (2022): Simultaneous double parasitism by the parasitic cymothoids (Crustacea: Isopoda) of two genera on a single host fish Tenualosa toli from India. Nauplius (e 2022013) 30: 1-8, DOI: 10.1590/2358-2936e2022013, URL: https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2022013
