taxonID	type	description	language	source
5809AE24AD36FFB707E9550D9BFFFD56.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Clitopilus fusiformis could be mistaken as C. prunulus (Scop.) P. Kumm. based on the pale colored basidiomata, but the latter differs in terms of a more robust stipe and smaller basidiospores. Etymology: — fusiformis (Lat.), referring to the shape of the basidiospores. Type: — CHINA. Yunnan Prov.: Shangri-La, Potatso National Park, elev. ca. 3,400 m, 99 ° 60 ′ 22 ″ E, 27 ° 52 ′ 41 ″ N. September 7, 2015, He XL (holotype, SAAS 1892!). Sequences ex holotype: — KU 751777 (ITS), KY 385633 (RPB 2). Macroscopic characteristics: — Basidiomata medium-sized. Pileus 25 – 45 mm in diam, plano-concave, sometimes irregularly shaped; margin often slightly involuted; surface dry, more or less velvety, pale grayish or gray whitish, not hygrophanous, not striate. Lamellae short decurrent, dense, whitish at first, later becoming pinkish, up to 3 mm in height; with 2 – 3 tiers of lamellulae. Stipe 22 – 40 mm in length, 2.5 – 3.5 mm in diameter, pale grayish, dry, solid at first then hollow, usually off center, base slightly inflated with cream white cottony mycelium. Odor and taste indistinct. Microscopic characteristics: — Basidiospores 10.5 – 14 × 5.0 – 7.0 μm, L m = 12.0 ± 0.87 × 6.0 ± 0.56 μm, Q = 1.65 – 2.3, Q m = 2 ± 0.17, hyaline, thick walled, fusiform with 5 – 6 longitudinal ridges in profile and face views, angled in polar view. Basidia 21.5 – 24.0 × 6.5 – 7.5 μm, clavate, hyaline, 4 - spored, sterigmata reaching 2.0 – 3.0 μm. Lamellar trama interwoven, hymenium hyphae 3 – 5 μm in diam, hyaline. Pileipellis a trichoderm of some entangled, non- encrustated, hyaline hyphae; terminal elements cylindric to subclavate (measuring 3.5 – 5.5 μm in diam). Pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia absent. Stipipellis regular, cylindrical and colorless hyphae 4 – 6 μm in diam, with some upturned terminal cells. Clamp connections absent in all tissues. Ecology and distribution: — Scattered, among mosses on the soil in spruce and fir forest; China (Yunnan and Sichuan). Additional materials examined: — CHINA. Yunnan Prov.: Shangri-La, Potatso National Park, elev. ca. 3,400 m, September 7, 2015, He XL (SAAS 1038!). Sichuan Prov.: Yajiang, elev. ca. 3,500 m, September 4, 2015, He XL (SAAS 1587!). Comments: — Clitopilus fusiformis is characterized by its medium-sized and pale grayish basidiomata, slightly eccentric stipe, fusiform basidiospores with 5 – 6 longitudinal ridges. Clitopilus fusiformis is placed in sect. Clitopilus due to its slightly eccentric stipe, fusiform basidiospores with 5 – 6 longitudinal ridges and 10 – 14 μm in length. Ten species in sect. Clitopilus have been previously described (Hongo 1954, Hansen & Knudsen 1992, Noordeloos 1993, Baroni & Halling 2000, Yang 2007, Vizzini et al. 2011, Deng et al. 2012, Morgado & Noordeloos 2012). C. amygdaliformis Zhu L. Yang, known from tropical China, differs notably from C. fusiformis by its white to chalk white pileus, and smaller basidiospores (8.0 – 11.5 × 6.0 – 8.0 μm, Yang 2007). C. cystidiatus Hauskn. & Noordel., described from Austria, differs in its ochre tinged pileus and presence of cheilocystidia (Vizzini et al. 2011). C. ravus W. Q. Deng & T. H. Li, also found in southwestern China, is separated from C. fusiformis by its tawny gray or grayish brown pileus, amygdaliform, or subfusiform basidiospores with 4 – 5 longitudinal ridges (Deng et al. 2012). C. austroprunulus Morgado, G. M. Gates & Noordel., discovered in a broadleaf forest in Australia, is distinguished by its significantly smaller basidiospores that measured (8 –) 9 – 11 × 4.5 – 6 μm (Morgado & Noordeloos 2012). C. prunulus is differed by its more robust stipe and smaller basidiospores measuring 10.5 – 12.5 × 5 – 6.5 μm (Noordeloos 1993). C. griseobrunneus T. J. Baroni & Halling, described from Costa Rica, was found in a tropical montane oaks forest and distinguished by its brown to grayish brown pileus and dark brown incrusted pigment in the pileipellis (Baroni & Halling 2000). C. lignyotus Hongo, originally described from Japan, differs from C. fusiformis by its grayish brown to blackish brown pileus and narrower basidiospores measuring 9.5 – 13 × 4.5 – 6 μm (Hongo 1954). C. paxilloides Noordel. is readily separated by its gray-brown spots on the pileus surface, a gray-brown to grayish stipe, and strongly encrusted pigment in the pileipellis (Noordeloos 1993). C. chrischonensis Musumeici, Vizzini & Contu differs by the presence of cheilo and pleurocystidia (Vizzini et al. 2011). C. quisquiliaris (P. Karst.) Noordel. is easily distinguished by its reddish brown pileus (Hansen & Knudsen 1992).	en	Wang, Di, Deng, Wang-Qiu, He, Xiao-Lan, Peng, Wei-Hong, Gan, Bing-Cheng (2017): Clitopilus fusiformis (Entolomataceae; Agaricales), a new species from southwest China. Phytotaxa 321 (2): 201-207, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.321.2.5, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.321.2.5
