identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
591DFF6D8A6BFFE47271AEAF6AB8FA65.text	591DFF6D8A6BFFE47271AEAF6AB8FA65.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Philosina nigromacula Yu & Jin 2024	<div><p>Philosina nigromacula Yu &amp; Jin,  sp. n.</p><p>Material</p><p>1 male (Holotype),  Dazhou, Sichuan, China, 27 May 2024, Xin Yu leg. (in College of Life Sciences of Chongqing Normal University) ;  2 males, same locality, date and collector;   2 males and 1 female,  Wuyuan, Jiangxi, China, 30 May 2022, Hongguang Jin leg. (paratypes)  .</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific epithet  nigromacula means black mark, indicating the striking blackish abdomen segment 7 in males (Fig. 1 b, Fig. 2 a–e). A noun in apposition.</p><p>Description of holotype male</p><p>Head. Labium brown. Labrum, bases of mandibles, genae, and frons bluish-green. Base of labrum with a black cross stripe. Anteclypeus, postclypeus, and top of head matt black with a narrow pale colored cross stripe between eyes just behind lateral ocelli. Antennae wholly black. Postocular spots yellow, stripe-like.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax black, strongly pruinosed, two yellow stripes at upper lateral margin. Synthorax black, strongly pruinosed, with broad yellow antehumeral stripes which are interrupted at upper end. A short and narrow yellow stripe just below the mesopleural suture. Metathorax yellow with broad black stripe, that covers metapleural suture. A short and thin yellow stripe just below the metapleural suture. Legs wholly black; coxae, trochanters and femora finely pruinose. Wings hyaline with dark brown spots at each wing apex, pterostigma dark brown, not braced, covering four cells.</p><p>Abdomen. Predominantly black, with narrow yellow lateral stripes on each segment. All abdomen segments strongly pruinose except segment 7, which show the black color. Caudal appendages black with fine pruinosity on dorsum of superior appendages. Superior appendages strong, forcipate, twice as long as segment 10. Inferior appendages reduced, with short and acuminate tips bending upward. Genital ligula end with a pair of flagella-like lateral lobes and a large transparent foliate sack (Fig. 3 b, c, e, f).</p><p>Measurements (mm). HW 36.7; abdomen + appendages 42.2.</p><p>Description of female paratype (Wuyuan, Jiangxi)</p><p>Head. Labium, labrum, base of mandibles, genae and frons yellow. Anteclypeus, postclypeus and top of head matt black, with a narrow yellow cross stripe between eyes just behind lateral ocelli. Antennae wholly black. Postocular spots yellow, stripe-like.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax wholly black, with two yellow stripes at upper lateral margins. Synthorax black dorsally except a narrow yellow dorsal carina stripe, with an obvious yellow antehumeral stripe and a very short and narrow yellow stripe on the upper side of mesepisternum. Yellow laterally, with a black stripe that covers the metapleural suture. Legs black with yellow stripes on outsides and extensor surfaces of femora. Wings hyaline with very small dark brown dots at each wing apex, pterostigma dark brown, not braced, covering four cells.</p><p>Abdomen. Black with pale color stripes as below. Segment 1 yellow laterally. Segments 2 to 7 with yellow lateral stripes and middle dorsal lines. Segment 8 laterally with a yellow dot and a middle line at dorsal anterior 3/4. Segments 9–10 greenish-yellow dorsally. Caudal appendages black. Ovipositor robust, not extending to the end of abdomen (Fig. 2 f).</p><p>Variation in male paratypes</p><p>Measurements (mm). HW 37.1–40.3; abdomen and appendages 43.1–45.2. The density of pruinosity increases with maturity (Fig. 2 a–e). A pair of thin red colored lateral stripes present on S 7 in some individuals, which show large variation, from distinct moderately wide stripes gradually paling to completely absence. Howev- er, presence or otherwise and distinctness or obscureness of the red stripe seem to have nothing to do with either maturity or population (Fig. 2 a–e). Antehumeral stripes are complete in some individuals (Fig. 2 a, c, f) but interrupted at upper end in others (Fig. 2 b, d, e), and the degree of interruption is variable.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Philosina nigromacula generally resembles  P. buchi in its body colors and size, but differs in the marks on abdomen of males. The dorsum and sides of abdomen segments 7–9 are wholly bright red in  P. buchi whereas segments 8–9 are pruinosed and segment 7 is black, sometimes, with red lateral margins in  P. nigromacula (Fig. 2a–c).  Philosina alba has an obviously smaller body size compared to the other two species and also lacks any marks on the abdomen in mature males (Fig. 1). Both  P. nigromacula and  P. buchi possess a sack structure on the tip of the male ligula which is absent in  P. alba (Fig. 3).</p><p>Habitat</p><p>The Wuyuan population was found in a 10 m wide montane stream with running water at an altitude of 1050 m, surrounded by very dense riparian vegetation (Fig. 4). Also occurring in the same area were Philogan­ ga robusta Navás, 1936,  Pseudocopera annulata (Selys, 1863),  Euphaea decorata Hagen in Selys, 1853, Archi­ neura incarnata (Karsch, 1892),  Gomphidia confluens Selys, 1878, and  Orthetrum luzonicum (Brauer, 1868) . The Dazhou population was found in a 40 m wide slowly flowing river at an altitude of 230 m, by dense bankside vegetation (Fig. 5). Also occurring in the same area were  Pseudothemis zonata (Burmeister, 1839),  Deielia phaon (Selys, 1883),  Orthetrum albistylum (Selys, 1848),  Sympetrum eroticum (Selys, 1883),  Paracercion calamorum (Ris, 1916),  Ceriagrion nipponicum Asahina, 1967,  Agriocnemis femina (Brauer, 1868), and Platycne­ mis phyllopoda Djakonov, 1926.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/591DFF6D8A6BFFE47271AEAF6AB8FA65	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Yu, Xin;Jin, Hongguang	Yu, Xin, Jin, Hongguang (2024): A new species of Philosina Ris, 1917 (Zygoptera) from China. International Journal of Odonatology 27: 227-231, DOI: 10.48156/1388.2024.1917301, URL: https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2024.1917301
