identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5B2BEA49FFB3FF85A507FA6DB87CA064.text	5B2BEA49FFB3FF85A507FA6DB87CA064.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Allpamayu Nelson & Juan & Chaparro & Ochoa & Allen & West 2026	<div><p>Allpamayu n. gen.</p><p>(Figs 2-7)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F5F64DBC-84A9-4050-BBDA-746404D2AC87</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Allpamayu suyuwixsa n. sp.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The generic epithet works as a noun in apposition referring to the Alpamayo mountain at 5947 m. a.s.l., known as the world´s most beautiful mountain because of the symmetry of its lines or canals on one surface, which resemble the stripes on the dorsal abdomen of the species described. “ Allpamayu ” is the name in Quechua for Alpamayo mountain (Academia Mayor de la Lengua Quechua 2005).</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — Allpamayu n. gen. differs from the remaining Ischnocolinae by the following unique combination of characters: presence of a striped abdomen (Figs 5B, C; 7D), a low number of labial cuspules (ranging from 20-22) (Figs 2F; 5F) and clavate trichobothria on tarsi forming two parallel rows along half of tarsus length (Fig. 6C). Males of Allpamayu n. gen. differ from those of all known Ischnocolinae by the unique combination of two keels on the palpal bulb (Figs 4 A-D), erected long and strong setae on apical cymbium (Fig. 4 E-F), a transverse white line on tarsi of all legs (Fig. 3A) and the presence of metatarsal ventral tumescence on the first pairs of legs (Fig. 3B). The general structure of the palpal bulb resembles that of Holothele (mainly the Caribbean species) due to its elongated tegulum, twisted, long and sinuous embolus and the presence of a keel (Fig. 1). However, Allpamayu n. gen. is clearly distinct in having two keels along the embolus (Fig. 4A; D) with a low crest between them in conjunction with a low number of labial cuspules (around 100 in Holothele spp., about 20 in Allpamayu suyuwixsa n. gen, n. sp.). Females are easily distinguished from all known Ischnocolinae genera by the combination of clavate trichobothria on the tarsi forming two parallel rows along half the tarsus length (Fig. 6C), tarsus IV without pseudosegmentation (Fig. 6A, B) and spermathecae with basal large subquadrate receptacles and a short wide duct oriented laterally and pointing upwards carrying two to three rounded lobes (Fig. 5H).</p><p>AFFINITIES. — Allpamayu n. gen. resembles Holothele in the general aspect of the palpal bulb and tibial apophysis of males, but differs by the stripes on the abdomen along with a low number of labial cuspules and metatarsal tumescence on the first pair of legs. The genus Holothele includes two morphological distinct groups: first, Holothele longipes with a wide distribution in South America, from which Allpamayu n. gen. males and females can be distinguished by the presence of stripes on the abdomen, males having keels in the palpal bulb and females differing in the shape of the spermathecae; and second the species of Holothele from the Caribbean Islands [ H. culebrae (Petrunkevitch, 1929), H. denticulate (Franganillo, 1930), H. shoemakeri (Petrunkevitch, 1926) and H. sulfurensis Maréchal, 2005], from which males can be distinguished by the presence of two keels on the palpal bulb instead of one well-developed keel along the embolus length and metatarsal tumescence on the first pair of legs, females differing by the shape of the spermathecae and both can be distinguished by the stripped abdomen. Allpamayu n. gen. resembles Catumiri in the low number of cuspules but differs by the clavate trichobothria on tarsi forming two parallel rows along half of tarsus length and the genitalic characters such as the palpal bulb of males and the spermathecae of females. Females also resemble Dolichothele in the low number of labial cuspules and clavate trichobothria in two parallel rows but differ by the anterior tarsal scopulae divided and presence of stripes on the abdomen.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B2BEA49FFB3FF85A507FA6DB87CA064	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Nelson, Matías Beratz;Juan, Nelson Ferretti;Chaparro, Juan C.;Ochoa, José A.;Allen, Joshua P.;West, Rick C.	Nelson, Matías Beratz, Juan, Nelson Ferretti, Chaparro, Juan C., Ochoa, José A., Allen, Joshua P., West, Rick C. (2026): A new endemic genus of tarantula (Theraphosidae, Ischnocolinae) from southern Peru. Zoosystema 48 (9): 273-286, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2026v48a9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19571562
5B2BEA49FFBCFF81A552F98CBE70A182.text	5B2BEA49FFBCFF81A552F98CBE70A182.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Allpamayu suyuwixsa Nelson & Juan & Chaparro & Ochoa & Allen & West 2026	<div><p>Allpamayu suyuwixsa n. sp.</p><p>(Figs 2-8)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A972C51B-6E45-46D7-AD80-4DBF5290ACF3</p><p>TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype. Peru • 1♂; Cusco department, Calca province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.83399&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.403908" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.83399/lat -13.403908)">Maska</a>; 13°24’14.07”S, 71°50’2.37”W; 3260 m a.s.l.; 22.IV.2021; Allen J. leg.; MUBI 121.</p><p>Paratypes. Peru • 1♀; Cusco department, Acomayo province, Yananpampa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.52172&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.998478" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.52172/lat -13.998478)">Laguna Pomacanchi</a>; 13°59’54.52”S, 71°31’18.19”W; 3757 m a.s.l.; 7.X.2023; Ferretti N., Chaparro J. West R. legs.; MUBI 194 • 3♀; Cusco department, Canchis province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.49487&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.989056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.49487/lat -13.989056)">Chuquicahuana</a>; 13°59’20.60”S, 71°29’41.56”W; 3785 m a.s.l.; 7.X.2023; Ferretti N., Chaparro J. West R. legs; MUBI 193 • 1♀; Cusco department, Yananpampa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.52172&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.998478" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.52172/lat -13.998478)">Laguna Pomacanchi</a>; 13°59’54.52”S, 71°31’18.19”W; 3757 m. a.s.l.; 7.X.2023; Ferretti N., Chaparro J. West R. legs; MUBI 373 .</p><p>OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Peru • 1♂; Cusco department, Chumbivilcas province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-71.92111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.566944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -71.92111/lat -14.566944)">Velille</a>; 14°34’1”S, 71°55’16”W; 3787 m a.s.l.; 30.VIII.2023; Ccahuana R., Pumaccahua Z. legs; MUBI 160 • 1♂, 3♀; Cusco department, Inca trail to Machu picchu, near Wayruro river; 3500 m a.s.l.; 15.I.1983; Roig A. leg.; MACN-Ar 46343 .</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet is taken from the Central Quechua language, ‘suyu’ meaning ‘striped’ and ‘wixsa’ meaning ‘abdomen’ or ‘belly’ (Parker &amp; Ibañez 1964).</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>Male holotype (MUBI 121)</p><p>Total length 14.35. Carapace length 7.34, width 6.01. Coloration in live: Carapace and chelicerae black with bronze setae along carapace margins, around striae, and forming a dorsal line above chelicerae (Fig. 7A), legs dark grey with bronze setae on coxa and trochanter (Fig. 7A), abdomen dark grey with bronze mottling on dorsal and long setae in the proximal region, spinnerets dark grey (Fig. 7A). Coloration in alcohol: Carapace reddish-brown (Fig. 2A), darker at striae and around the ocular tubercle (Fig. 2A; G), abdomen dark brown, with short hairs and small white spots (Fig. 2 B-D). Clypeus length 0.09. Eye tubercle: length 0.77, width 0.97. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior row slightly recurved. Fovea slightly recurved (Fig. 2A), width 0.76. Labium length 0.52, width 1.01. Sternum length 3.20, width 2.76 with three pairs of visible rounded sigillae, about half of diameter separate from sternum margin (Fig. 2E). Cheliceral furrow with nine teeth on prolateral margin and 14 small denticles on the retrolateral margin. Labium with 20 cuspules (Fig. 2F). Maxilla with 92 cuspules on each side (Fig. 2G).</p><p>Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.28, PME 0.15, PLE 0.21, AME–AME 0.17, AME–ALE 0.08, ALE– ALE 0.10, PME–PLE 0.06, PME–PME 0.41, ALE–PLE 0.10, PLE–PLE 0.61.</p><p>Leg measurements: palp: femur 2.95 / patella 2.00 / tibia 2.11 /tarsus 1.17 / total 8.23. Legs I: femur 4.80 / patella 3.22 / tibia 3.53 / metatarsus 3.30 / tarsus 2.23 / total 17.08. II: 4.61 / 2.89 / 3.23 / 3.26 / 2.33 / 16.32. III: 4.38 / 2.43 / 2.90 / 4.21 / 2.38 / 16.30. IV: 5.75 / 3.03 / 4.45 / 6.41 / 2.91 / 8.23.</p><p>Spines: tarsi without spines. Palp: femur 1-3-1d, patella 0, tibia 1-1-1v, 0-2-2p, 0-0-1r; Legs: I: femur 0, patella 0, tibia 2-3-1v, 0-1-0p, metatarsus 1-0-1v; II: femur 0-0-2p, patella 0, tibia 2-1-3v, 1-1-0p, metatarsus 1-0-1v, 1-0-0p; III: femur 1-1-2p, 1-1-1r, patella 0-1-0p, 0-1-0r, tibia 2-1-3(ap)v, 2-2- 0p, 1-2-0r, metatarsus 3-2-3(ap)v, 2-2-2p, 2-1-2r; IV: femur 0-1-1r, 0-2-2d, patella 0-1-0p, 0-1-0r, tibia 3-2-3v, 2-2-0p, 1-2-1r, metatarsus 1-1-3v, 4-4-1p, 3-1-3r, 0-0-2d.</p><p>Tibial apophysis composed of two branches, retrolateral branch slightly larger than prolateral branch (Fig. 3 A-C). Both branches with a strong spine in the apical region (Fig. 3C). Metatarsi of the first pair of legs with a ventral tumescent area (white area) covered with scopulate hairs (Fig. 3B).</p><p>Paired tarsal claws of I, II, III and IV smooth. ITC absent in all legs.</p><p>Scopulae on ventral metatarsi: 3/4 of metatarsi I, II and III occupied by scopula, and IV with scopula on 1/2 of metatarsus divided by a longitudinal smooth area. Tarsal scopulae: I, II, III and IV divided by a longitudinal band of setae.Tarsi of all legs with pseudosegmentation (cracked) as a white transversal line (Fig. 3A). Clavate trichobothria on tarsi of all legs forming two parallel rows along half the length of tarsus.</p><p>Palpal tibia long and slightly excavated with two long ventral spines (Fig. 4F), cymbium with a small group of apically erect long setae (Fig. 4E, F). Palpal bulb with elongated tegulum and twisted embolus (Fig. 4 A-D). Embolus long, curved on its apical half, with two parallel keels at the base of tegulum and extending towards the embolus, and a small crest present between the keels (Fig. 4A).</p><p>Abdomen length 8.2, width 5.6. Spinnerets: PMS length 0.63; PLS tri-segmented, basal segment 0.81, median segment 0.49, and apical segment 0.64, digitiform in shape (Fig. 2D).</p><p>Female paratype (MUBI 194)</p><p>Total length 15.35. Carapace length 7.46, width 6.22. Coloration in life: Carapace light brown with golden reflections, chelicerae black, legs brown with darker femora, abdomen brown with dorsal and lateral stripes barely distinguished (Fig.7 B-D).Coloration in alcohol: Carapace reddish with short black hairs on ocular region (Fig. 5A, G), legs light brown, abdomen light brown with dark stripes more noticeable in lateral sides (Fig. 5B, C). Clypeus length 0.11. Eye tubercle: length 0.60, width 1.11. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior slightly recurved (Fig. 5G). Fovea straight (Fig. 5A), width 0.59. Labium length 0.84, width 1.25. Sternum length 3.33, width 3.08, with three pairs of rounded sigillae, about half of diameter separate from sternum margin (Fig. 5E). Cheliceral furrow with 10 teeth on prolateral margin and 24 small denticles on the retrolateral margin. Labium with 22 cuspules (Fig. 5F). Maxilla with 125 cuspules on each side (Fig. 5F).</p><p>Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.14, ALE 0.30, PME 0.18, PLE 0.24, AME–AME 0.21, AME–ALE 0.12, ALE– ALE 0.11, PME–PLE 0.10, PME–PME 0.47, ALE–PLE 0.14, PLE–PLE 0.65.</p><p>Leg measurements: palp: femur 3.26 / patella 1.99 / tibia 2.12 /tarsus 1.91 / total 9.28. Legs I: femur 4.52 / patella 2.79 / tibia 3.27 / metatarsus 2.53 / tarsus 1.83 / total 14.94. II: 4.02 / 2.70 / 2.72 / 2.50 / 1.99 / 13.93. III: 3.36 / 2.34 / 2.57 / 3.43 / 2.07 / 13.77. IV: 4.90 / 2.78 / 4.00 / 4.83 / 2.34 / 18.85.</p><p>Spines: tarsi without spines. Palp: femur 0-0-1p, patella 0, tibia 0-2-3(ap)v, 0-0-1(ap)p; Legs: I: femur 0-0-1p, patella 0, tibia 1-1-1(ap)v, 0-1-0p, metatarsus 1-0-1v; II: femur 0-0- 1p, patella 0, tibia 1-1-1(ap)v, 0-0-1p, metatarsus 2-0-1(ap) v; III: femur 0-1-2p, 0-0-1r, patella 0-1-0r, tibia 1-1-3(ap)v, 2-2-0p, 1-1-0r, metatarsus 2-2-3v, 1-2-1p, 2-1-2r, 2-0-2d; IV: femur 0-0-1p, patella 0, tibia 1-1-3(ap)v, 2-2-0p, 1-2-0r, metatarsus 2-2-3v, 2-1-2p, 2-1-2r, 2-0-2d.</p><p>Paired tarsal claws of STC with teeth: leg I: int 6/0, ext 3/6; II: 6/0, 3/6; III: 6/0, 5/6; IV: 6/0, 5/6. ITC absent from all legs.</p><p>Scopulae on ventral metatarsi: metatarsi I and II with complete scopulae, III and IV with scopula on 1/2 of metatarsus divided by a longitudinal smooth area. Tarsal scopulae: I, II, III and IV divided by a longitudinal band of setae. Tarsi of all legs integral (Fig. 6A, B). Clavate trichobothria on tarsi of legs forming two parallel rows along the half of tarsus length (Fig. 6C).</p><p>Abdomen length 7.89, width 4.52. Spinnerets: PMS length 0.64; PLS tri-segmented, basal segment length 1.17, median segment 0.63, apical segment 0.82, digitiform in shape (Fig. 5C).</p><p>Spermathecae with basal large oval receptacles and a short wide duct oriented laterally carrying two to three rounded lobes (Fig. 5H).</p><p>DISTRIBUTION AND NATURAL HISTORY</p><p>Allpamayu n. gen. is known from southeastern Peru, specifically in the Cusco department (Fig. 8A). Vegetation at the type locality consists of montane grasses, scattered low shrubs and transplanted pine or eucalyptus trees (Fig. 8B). Specimens in this study were found between 3200-3800 m a.s.l. Female and immature specimens of both sexes construct thin, loosely-webbed burrows, with no distinct entrance, located under angular stones amongst the roots of surrounding plants and grasses (Fig. 7B) in inter Andean valleys. Some females found in October carried a single white detached egg sac, measuring between 7-15 mm in diameter (Fig. 7C). Average annual temperatures in the region of Allpamayu suyuwixsa n. gen, n. sp. range from 11-14°C with the rainy season occurring between December to April and a drier cooler season between May and November. Mature males were found in the months of January, April and August. Unlike most theraphosid males that are seasonal breeders, maturing and wandering in search of receptive females for a short period generally at the onset of the rainy season, Allpamayu suyuwixsa n. gen, n. sp. males have a more varied mating season which would suggest they are opportunistic breeders, maturing and breeding whenever the conditions of their environment are favorable.</p><p>CLADISTIC ANALYSIS</p><p>The results of the implied weighting (IW) analyses are shown in Table 1. The strict consensus of IW resulted in a tree with 123 steps (CI = 0.5 and RI = 0.8). The tree shown in Figure 9 represents the result of the implied weighting analyses with K = 11.2, which is within the range of k-values that showed the most consistent topology and shortest length. The analysis resulted in the paraphyletic condition of the subfamily “ Ischnocolinae ” (blue and red rectangles on Fig. 9). The genus Ischnocolus Ausserer, 1871 ( Ischnocolinae sensu stricto) was recovered as sister to the remaining taxa (Fig. 9). The subfamily Schismatothelinae was recovered as monophyletic (Fig. 9). The genus Holothele was not recovered as monophyletic in the analysis (Fig. 9). The new genus Allpamayu was recovered as the sister genus of a large paraphyletic group formed by the genera Holothele, Reichlingia (Rudloff, 2001), Acanthopelma Pickard-Cambridge, 1897 and a representative of the subfamily Trichopelmatinae, Trichopelma nitidum Simon, 1888 (Fig. 9).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B2BEA49FFBCFF81A552F98CBE70A182	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Nelson, Matías Beratz;Juan, Nelson Ferretti;Chaparro, Juan C.;Ochoa, José A.;Allen, Joshua P.;West, Rick C.	Nelson, Matías Beratz, Juan, Nelson Ferretti, Chaparro, Juan C., Ochoa, José A., Allen, Joshua P., West, Rick C. (2026): A new endemic genus of tarantula (Theraphosidae, Ischnocolinae) from southern Peru. Zoosystema 48 (9): 273-286, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2026v48a9, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19571562
