identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
5B2587D43C61FFB4FF42F954FEE925C1.text	5B2587D43C61FFB4FF42F954FEE925C1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoscopas rubromaculatus Costa & Acosta & Timm & Zefa 2025	<div><p>Pseudoscopas rubromaculatus sp. nov. Matiotti da Costa, 2024</p><p>(Figs 1A–1B; 2A–M)</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-51.083176&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-30.104023" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -51.083176/lat -30.104023)">Parque Natural Municipal Saint’Hilaire</a>, Viamão, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (30° 6’14.48”S, 51° 4’59.44”W) (Fig. 9A–D)  .</p><p>Depository.   Holotype and allotype of  Pseudoscopas rubromaculatus sp. nov. (01 male and 01 female).  Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da PUCRS  (MCTP) .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the color of the body reddish and spots.</p><p>Diagnosis. (i) reddish body, with spots in dorsal and ventral; (ii) epiproct subtriangular with six rounded protuberances in median region; (iii) cerci with sclerotized extremities; (iv) furculae undivided; (v) lophi prominent subsquared and sclerotized.</p><p>Description. Male (Figs. 1A, 2A–H)</p><p>Body medium in size (15 mm length), moderately robust and deeply pubescent, especially the abdomen. Micropterous. Head. Front slightly oblique (Fig. 2C), head as wide as the pronotum (Fig. 2B). Antennae filiform, with 18 antennomeres. Eyes with globular interocular space narrow (Fig. 2B). Fastigium subtriangular, short, with apex of vertex slightly rounded, with two very conspicuous sulcus (Fig. 2B). Thorax. Pronotum with median carinae slightly marked, and lateral absent (Fig. 2B); metazona shorter than prozona; pronotum disc crossed by three transverse sulci; pronotum lateral edges parallel, slightly expanding in the metazona; anterior margin straight and, posterior with slight median emargination (Figs 2B–C). Prosternal process spiniform (Fig. 2D). Mesosternal lobes subrounded (Fig. 2D). Tegmen short, lobuliform, reaching to the second abdominal segment (Fig. 1A). Legs. Hind femur slender, the upper keel smooth, the end of lower knee lobes rounded. Hind tibiae pubescent with 7 outer and 8 inner dorsal spines. Abdomen. Thickened in distal region (Fig. 2A). Tympanum large. Epiproct subtriangular in median region with six V protuberances; furculae undivided (Fig. 2F). Pallium with small and salient lobes (Fig. 2E). Cerci subtriangular, robust, conic, strongly curved, exceeding the epiproct apex; acute and sclerotized apex (Figs 2E–F). Subgenital plate cupuliform, short, curved up, apex pointed and pubescent (Fig. 2E). Phallic complex. Cingulum with long apodemes, arch developed; gonopore with a rectangular ventral projection (Fig. 2G); aedeagus long with upper and lower valves of the same size; sclerites of aedeagus covered by the wide and highly lobulated ectophallic sheath (Fig. 2G). Epiphallus with slightly plan bridge (Fig. 2H); anchorae larger in size than of the anterior projections; lophi prominent and sclerotized; without internal conical protuberance (Fig. 2H).</p><p>Coloration</p><p>Body reddish (Figs 1A, 2A, 2D). Head mostly brown light, with a black pair of retro-ocular bands that take part of the genae and continue in the dorsal half of the pronotum lateral lobes reddish, Antennae brown. Fastigium of the vertex with reddish spots (Fig. 2B). Occiput marked with reddish spots. Face, clypeus, and genae greenish; mandible and labrum reddish; labial and maxillary palpi greenish (Fig. 2D). Reddish interocular space and reddish dorsal spots at the end of the eyes. Pronotum dorsally with several punctures and brown spots and narrow ivory-colored dorsal band across the entire length of the pronotum (Fig. 2B). Lateral lobes of the pronotum with an ivory band on the lower abdomen (Fig. 2C). Tegmen with veins light brown, a narrow ivory band surrounding the dorsal portion; hindwing tricolor with dorsal green/brown, medial white and ventral black (Figs 1A, 2A). Genicular lunules black. Legs I, II and III green, with pretarsus tip, arolium and claws brown color; with genicular lobe black; tibiae light green (Figs 1A, 2A). Abdomen. pallium reddish in dorsal and ventral view (Figs 2A, 2D); lateral sclerites of the abdomen reddish from the second segment (Fig. 1A).</p><p>Female. Larger in size than male, robust (body length 19 mm) (Figs 1B, 2I–M). Head dorsal green (Fig. 2J); fastigium more prominent and wider than in males, and with green spots; eyes more prominent, retro-ocular bands take part of the genae and continue in the dorsal half of the pronotum lateral lobes reddish (Fig. 2K); interocular space wider (Fig. 2J). Pronotum dorsally light green, with several punctures and spots; lateral lobes of the pronotum with reddish, yellow-green and ivory bands, from upper to lower portion (Fig. 2K). Abdomen segments 1 to 4 dorsally green and the other segments reddish (Fig. 2I); ventrally the segments of the abdomen yellowish and sides with a black spot in between segments 3–6. Ovipositor valves short in lateral view and serrated margins absent (Fig. 2L); dorsal valve of the ovipositor robust and apical tooth of the external ventral valve little prominent (Fig. 2L). Hind edge of the female subgenital plate with two large lobes on both sides and without sclerotization (Fig. 2M).</p><p>Legs I and II less robust than in males. Cerci short, conical, not reaching the epiproct tip and reddish in extremity (Fig. 2L). Epiproct reddish subtriangular with median sulcus well marked, interrupted transversely in the median region (Fig. 2M)</p><p>Habitat and Habits. Individuals of  P. rubromaculatus sp. nov. were collected in the forest border during the afternoon, between 3 and 4 pm, in the area containing many pteridophytes and grasses. Male and female were found close to the ground. The records of the genus  Pseudoscopas are between the Pampean and Chacoan provinces (Morrone 2001; 2006).</p><p>Measurements (mm): Male (n = 1): BL = 15.1; PL = 0.3; FL3 = 0.8; TL = 0.3. Female (n = 1): BL = 19.1; PL = 0.5; FL3 = 0.9; TL = 0.4.</p><p>Type material.  Holotype ♂ and  Allotype ♀ (MCTP). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, municipality of Viamão, Parque Natural Municipal Saint’Hilaire, 12.iii.2022,  Acosta, R. C. and  Timm, V. F. leg  . Holotype condition: genitalia were extracted and maintained in holotype’s tube.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B2587D43C61FFB4FF42F954FEE925C1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da;Acosta, Riuler Corrêa;Timm, Vítor Falchi;Zefa, Edison	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da, Acosta, Riuler Corrêa, Timm, Vítor Falchi, Zefa, Edison (2025): Three new species of grasshoppers Dichroplini (Orthoptera: Acrididae Melanoplinae) from State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 279-293, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.4
5B2587D43C63FFBFFF12F954FDC721ED.text	5B2587D43C63FFBFFF12F954FDC721ED.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudoscopas itapuensis Costa & Acosta & Timm & Zefa 2025	<div><p>Pseudoscopas itapuensis sp. nov. Matiotti da Costa, 2024</p><p>(Figs 3A–B; 4A–4L; 5A–B)</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-51.02587&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-30.346828" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -51.02587/lat -30.346828)">Parque Estadual de Itapuã</a>, Viamão, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (30°20’48.58”S, 51° 1’33.14”W) (Fig. 9A–D)  .</p><p>Depository.   Holotype and paratype of  Pseudoscopas itapuensis sp. nov. (01 male and 04 females).  Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da PUCRS  (MCTP) .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the Parque Estadual de Itapuã, where these grasshoppers were first sampled.</p><p>Diagnosis. (i) epiproct subtriangular with sulci well marked longitudinally in the median region, and with four protuberances; (ii) cerci short, sclerotized apex bordered by three inner projections; cerci toothed on the inner part; (iii) lophi of the epiphallus rounded and sclerotized; (iv) anterior projections and anchorae of epiphallus of the same size; (v) furculae sclerotized and separated in two lobes.</p><p>Description. Male Holotype (Figs 3A–B; 4A–G). Body medium in size (15 mm length). Micropterous. Head. Prominent and ovoid eyes. Fastigium subtriangular, short with wide deep marked sulci (Fig. 3B). Front subvertical. Antennae filiform, with 18 antennomeres. Interocular space narrow (Fig. 3B). Thorax. Pronotum with horizontal disc, without saliences between three transverse sulci, slightly wider than the head and prothorax together; presence of the median carinae with prominence; anterior and posterior edge without emargination (Fig. 3B). Tegmina short, lobuliform, lateral, surpassing the first uromere (Figs 3A, 4A, 5A). Abdomen. carinated dorsally (Figs 3A, 4A), tympanum present, subgenital plate short and acutely at the apex (Figs 4D–E). Cerci triangular with apex bordered by three inner projections; cerci toothed on the inner part. Furculae well developed, sclerotized and separated into two large, inverted V-shaped saliences; epiproct subtriangular with sulcus, depressions bearing four saliences in the median region. Pallium with small and salient lobes (Figs 4D, 4F). Phallic complex. Cingulum with long apodemes, arch developed; gonopore with a rectangular ventral projection (Fig. 4F); aedeagus long with upper and lower valves of the same size; sclerites of aedeagus covered by the wide ectophallic sheath (Fig. 4F). Epiphallus with plan bridge and with median reentrancy; anchorae of the same size than of the anterior projections; prominent, rounded and sclerotized; with internal conical protuberance (Fig. 4G).</p><p>Coloration</p><p>Body brown (Figs 3A, 4A, 5A). Head mostly brown-light with a black pair of retro-ocular bands that take part of the genae and continue in the dorsal half of the pronotum lateral; lobes, tegmina, pleural and sides of the abdomen of the ivory coloration. Antennae brown. Fastigium brown (Fig. 4B). Dorsally brown spots in pronotum and narrow ivory-colored dorsal band across the entire length of the head and pronotum (Fig. 4B). Lateral lobes of the pronotum with an ivory band (Figs 3A, 5A). Tegmen brown, with a narrow ivory band surrounding the dorsal portion of the wing (Figs 3A, 4A, 5A). Genicular lunules black. Legs I, II and II green, with tarsus tip, arolium and claws red color; genicular lobe black; tibiae III blue green (Figs 3A, 4A, 5A). Lateral segments of the abdomen with dark black spots.</p><p>Female. Larger in size to male, robust (body length 18 mm) (Figs 3B, 4H, 5B). Head dorsal brown (Figs 4I–J); fastigium more prominent and wider than in males and with brown spots; eyes more prominent lateral (Figs 4H–I); retro-ocular bands that take part of the genae and continue in the dorsal half of the pronotum lateral lobes brownish. Interocular space wider (Figs 4H–I). Pronotum dorsally light brown, with several punctures. Dorsally brown spots in pronotum and thicker ivory-colored dorsal band across the entire length of the head and pronotum (Fig. 2I). Lateral lobes of the pronotum with an ivory band, from upper to lower portion more salient (Fig. 3B). Legs I and II green, with tarsus reddish, tibiae III blue green (Figs 3B, 4H). Ovipositor valves short in lateral view and margins slightly serrated (Fig. 4K); dorsal valve of the ovipositor robust and apical tooth of the external ventral valve of ovipositor little prominent. Hind edge of the female subgenital plate forming two large lobes on both sides and without sclerotization (Fig. 4L). Cerci short, conical, not reaching the epiproct tip (Fig. 4K). Epiproct subtriangular with median sulcus well marked, interrupted transversely in the median region.</p><p>Habitat and Habits. Individuals of  P. itapuaensis sp. nov. were collected between 1 and 4 pm in the edge of forest with many pteridophytes and even  Brachiaria ( Poaceae) (Fig. 5C). Males were found mainly on stems of small plants, up to 50 cm above the ground. Females, on the other hand, were found mainly close to the ground.</p><p>Measurements (mm): Male (n = 1): BL = 15.1; PL = 0.3; FL3 = 0.7; TL = 0.3. Female (n = 4): BL = 18.2 (17.1–18.2); PL = 0.5 (0.4–0.5); FL3 = 0.9 (0.8–0.9); TL = 0.4 (0.3– 0.4).</p><p>Type material.   Holotype ♂ and 4 Paratypes ♀ (MCTP). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, municipality of Viamão, Parque Estadual de Itapuã, 20.x.2022,  Acosta, R. C. leg  . Holotype condition: genitalia were extracted and maintained in holotype’s tube.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B2587D43C63FFBFFF12F954FDC721ED	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da;Acosta, Riuler Corrêa;Timm, Vítor Falchi;Zefa, Edison	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da, Acosta, Riuler Corrêa, Timm, Vítor Falchi, Zefa, Edison (2025): Three new species of grasshoppers Dichroplini (Orthoptera: Acrididae Melanoplinae) from State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 279-293, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.4
5B2587D43C68FFBCFF42FCA0FEA4244C.text	5B2587D43C68FFBCFF42FCA0FEA4244C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Neopedies sainthilairensis Costa & Acosta & Timm & Zefa 2025	<div><p>Neopedies sainthilairensis sp. nov. Matiotti da Costa, 2024</p><p>(Figs 6A–B, 7A–L, 8A–B)</p><p>Type locality. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-51.095264&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-30.093328" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -51.095264/lat -30.093328)">Parque Natural Municipal Saint’Hilaire</a>, Viamão, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (30° 5’35.98”S, 51° 5’42.95”W) (Fig. 9B–C)  .</p><p>Depository.   Holotype and paratype of  Neopedies sainthilairensis sp. nov. (04 male and 06 females).  Museu de Ciências e Tecnologia da PUCRS (MCTP)  .</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the Parque Natural Municipal Saint’Hilaire, where these grasshoppers were first sampled.</p><p>Diagnosis. (i) subtriangular epiproct with very pronounced V-shaped protrusion in the basal and distal regions; (ii) furculae separate and rounded; (iii) cerci enlarged in basal and apical region narrowed and sclerotized; (iv) epiphallus with plan bridge; (v) anchorae larger than anterior projections; (vi) lophi sclerotized and with pointed inner ends.</p><p>Description. Male Holotype (Figs 6A, 7A–G). Body medium in size (15 mm length). integument pilosus. Micropterous. Head. small, eyes globose, narrow interocular space. Straight anterior edge of the eyes (Fig. 7B). Front oblique and marked (Fig. 7C). Antennae filiform, with 19 antennomeres. Fastigium of the vertex prominent with decline and not depressed between the eyes, subtriangular, shorter, with apex of vertex slightly rounded (Fig. 7B). Thorax. Pronotum cylindrical, posteriorly little dilated, without median and lateral carina (Fig. 7B); metazona shorter than prozona; pronotum with sparsely marked transverse sulci; anterior and posterior edges with slight emargination; lower edge of non-emarginated side lobes (Figs 7B–C). Prosternal process spiniform. Mesosternal lobes subrounded. Tegmen short, lobuliform, reaching to the second abdominal segment (Figs 6A, 7A, 8A). Legs. Hind femur slender, the upper keel smooth, the end of lower knee lobes rounded (Figs 6A, 7A, 8A). Hind tibiae pubescent with 7 outer and 8 inner dorsal spines. Abdomen. Tympanum large. Prosternal tubercle acute. Subtriangular epiproct with very pronounced V-shaped protrusion in the basal and distal regions; furculae digitiform, separate and rounded; cerci enlarged in basal and apical region narrowed and sclerotized (Figs 7D–E); internal lobes of pallium developed (Fig. 7D). Phallic complex. Cingulum with long apodemes, arch developed; gonopore with a rectangular ventral projection (Fig. 7F); aedeagus long with upper and lower valves of the same size; sclerites of aedeagus covered by the wide ectophallic sheath (Fig. 7F). Epiphallus with plan bridge; anchorae larger than anterior projections; lophi sclerotized with pointed inner ends (Fig. 7G).</p><p>Coloration</p><p>Body brown (Figs 6A, 7A, 8A). Head mostly brown with lateral black retro-ocular bands that take part of the genae and continue in the dorsal half of the pronotum (Fig. 7C); lobes, tegmina, pleural and sides of the abdomen with ivory coloration (Fig. 6A). Antennae brown. Fastigium of the vertex brown (Fig. 7B). Dorsally brown spots in pronotum and narrow ivory-colored dorsal band across the entire length of the head and pronotum (Fig. 7B). Lateral lobes of the pronotum with an ivory band on the lower abdomen (Fig. 7C). Tegmen brown with a narrow ivory band surrounding the dorsal portion of the wing (Figs 6A, 7A). Genicular lunules black (Figs 6A, 7A). Legs I, II and II green, with tarsus tip, arolium and claws red; genicular lobe black; tibiae III blue green (Figs 6A, 7A). Lateral segments of the abdomen with dark black spots.</p><p>Female. Larger in size to male, robust (body length 18 mm) (Figs 6B, 7H, 8B). Body light brown; fastigium more prominent and interocular space wider than in males and with brown color (Fig. 7I). Head and pronotum in lateral view bearing a well-marked longitudinal whitish strip slightly outlined in black, and in dorsal view two parallel thin whitish strips that run from the head to the end of abdomen (Figs 7I, 7J). Pronotum dorsally light brown, with several punctures (Fig. 7H). Lateral lobes of the pronotum with an ivory band, from upper to lower portion more salient (Fig. 7J, 8B). Pronotum dorsally with several punctures and brown dark spots (Figs 7H–I). Tegmen with brown veins and a narrow white band to the full extent of the dorsal portion of the wing. Legs I and II green with tarsus greenish, tibiae III blue green (Figs 6B, 7H). Genicular lunules light brown (Figs 6B, 7H). Thorax ventrally brown (Fig. 7H). Lateral abdomen sclerites yellowed from the second segment until to the end of the abdomen (Fig. 6B, 8B).</p><p>Dorsal portion of abdominal tergites 3 to 7 light brown, and lateral inferior portion of 3 to 10 segments yellowish. Dorsally with spots along the entire extension (Fig. 7B) and ventrally yellowish. Ovipositor valves short in lateral view and serrated margins (Fig. 7K); dorsal valve of the ovipositor robust and apical tooth of the external ventral valve of ovipositor little prominent (Fig. 7K). Hind edge of the female subgenital plate without lobes (Fig. 7L). Cerci short, conical, not reaching the epiproct tip (Fig. 7L). Subtriangular epiproct with median sulcus well marked, interrupted transversely in the median region and with dark spots (Fig. 7L).</p><p>Habitat and Habits. Individuals of  Neopedies sainthilairensis sp. nov. were collected in the forest border with grasses and mainly  Dodonaea sp. ( Sapindaceae) (Fig. 8C), but no individual was seen feeding on the plant. Males were found on branches and leaves of this plant, between 50 and 100 cm from the ground. Females were found only near on the ground being active between 1 and 3 pm.</p><p>Measurements (mm): Male (n = 4): BL = 15.1 (14.8–15.1); PL = 0.3 (0.2–0.3); FL3 = 0.7 (0.6–0.7); TL = 0.3 (0.2–0.3). Female (n = 6): BL = 17.3 (16.8–17.3); PL = 0.5 (0.4–0.5); FL3 = 0.9 (0.8–0.9); TL = 0.4 (0.3–0.4).</p><p>Type material. Holotype ♂.   Paratypes 3 ♂ and 6 ♀ (MCTP). BRAZIL: Rio Grande do Sul, municipality of Viamão, Parque Natural Municipal Saint’Hilaire, 21.x.2023,  Acosta, R. C. leg  . Holotype condition: genitalia were extracted and maintained in holotype’s tube.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B2587D43C68FFBCFF42FCA0FEA4244C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da;Acosta, Riuler Corrêa;Timm, Vítor Falchi;Zefa, Edison	Costa, Maria Kátia Matiotti Da, Acosta, Riuler Corrêa, Timm, Vítor Falchi, Zefa, Edison (2025): Three new species of grasshoppers Dichroplini (Orthoptera: Acrididae Melanoplinae) from State of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Zootaxa 5613 (2): 279-293, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5613.2.4
