taxonID	type	description	language	source
ADF36F997CAC5384BABB95FE1AEA0D12.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Mustura arenaria is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: 7 – 15 lateral blotches alternating with 9 – 17 saddles, distinctly narrower than interspaces; blotches more elongated in females and more rounded in males; two dark stripes extending from snout tip to the anterior dorsum of eye, forming an “ X ” pattern, but not fused; a pair of blotches surrounding the fontanel, extending from posterior dorsal of eye to nape, and forming a triangle marking; 8 ½ branched dorsal-fin rays; 8 + 8 branched caudal-fin rays; lateral line complete; axillary pelvic lobe present; upper lip with a small notch.	en	Lyu, Jian-Bing, Lin, Feng, Oo, Thaung Naing, Chen, Xiao-Yong (2026): Mustura arenaria, a new species of genus Mustura (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Myanmar, with taxonomic notes on Mustura shanensis. Zoosystematics and Evolution 102 (1): 107-117, DOI: 10.3897/zse.102.170882
ADF36F997CAC5384BABB95FE1AEA0D12.taxon	description	Description. See Fig. 1 for general appearance and Table 1 for morphometric data. Body moderately elongated, deepest body depth slightly anterior to dorsal-fin origin, with depth gradually decreasing from dorsal-fin origin to caudal-fin base. Body rounded to slightly compressed anteriorly, compressed posteriorly. Head depressed, dorsal profile arched, decreasing markedly anterior to eye. Snout slightly pointed. Interorbital area wide and flat. Eye oval, near top of head, not visible in ventral view. Cheeks not swollen. Caudal peduncle 1.0 – 1.7 times longer than deep. Low dorsal and ventral keels present posteriorly on caudal peduncle. Largest recorded size 39.5 mm SL. Dorsal-fin rays iii- 8 1 / 2, distal margin truncated, extending beyond vertical through anus but not reaching anal-fin origin. Pectoral-fin rays i- 9 – 10, slightly falcate, reaching beyond two-thirds of distance between origin pectoral and pelvic fins, second branched ray longest. Pelvic-fin rays i- 6, reaching close to or through anus, origin opposite of the first or second branched dorsal-fin ray. Axillary pelvic lobe present. Anus situated about twice eye diameters in front of anal-fin origin. Anal-fin rays ii- 5 1 / 2, distal margin truncated, origin closer to caudal-fin base than pelvic-fin origin. Caudal-fin rays 8 + 8, forked, lower lobe slightly longer than upper, longest ray 1.3 – 1.7 times length of median rays. Body entirely covered by scales, absent between base of pectoral fins and belly in front of pelvic-fin. Lateral line complete. Cephalic lateral line system with 6 – 9 supraorbital, 3 + 8 – 13 infraorbital, 6 preoperculo-mandibular, and 3 supratemporal pores. Tubercles present on barbels, dorsal head, and dorsal side of branched pectoral-fin rays. Mouth inferior, small, strongly arched, gape about twice as wide as long (Fig. 2 a). Nostrils adjacent, anterior one on front side of a flap-like tube, not reaching eye. Lips thick and deeply furrowed; upper lip slightly notched medially; lower lip deeply interrupted medially, forming two triangular pads. Processus dentiformis week. Lower jaw without median notch. Three pairs of elongate barbels. Inner rostral barbel reaching close to or through anterior margin of eye; outer one reaching close to or surpassing posterior margin of eye. Maxillary barbel reaching through posterior margin of eye. Two halves of air bladder capsule connected by a manubrium; posterior chamber free, small, unossified (Fig. 2 c). Intestine with a small bend (Fig. 2 e). Vertebral count 4 + 28 – 29 (n = 2) (Fig. 1 i).	en	Lyu, Jian-Bing, Lin, Feng, Oo, Thaung Naing, Chen, Xiao-Yong (2026): Mustura arenaria, a new species of genus Mustura (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Myanmar, with taxonomic notes on Mustura shanensis. Zoosystematics and Evolution 102 (1): 107-117, DOI: 10.3897/zse.102.170882
ADF36F997CAC5384BABB95FE1AEA0D12.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet “ arenaria ” is derived from the Latin word “ arena ” (meaning “ sand ”), feminine in gender, in reference to the species’ preference for sandy substrate habitats. The Chinese name is suggested as 沙迷鳅.	en	Lyu, Jian-Bing, Lin, Feng, Oo, Thaung Naing, Chen, Xiao-Yong (2026): Mustura arenaria, a new species of genus Mustura (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Myanmar, with taxonomic notes on Mustura shanensis. Zoosystematics and Evolution 102 (1): 107-117, DOI: 10.3897/zse.102.170882
ADF36F997CAC5384BABB95FE1AEA0D12.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Mustura arenaria is currently known from the Chindwin-Irrawaddy River drainage, including Indawgyi Lake (Fig. 5). It is expected to spread more widely throughout tributaries of the Irrawaddy basin in central Myanmar, particularly in the dry zone of the Sagaing, Mandalay, and Magway regions.	en	Lyu, Jian-Bing, Lin, Feng, Oo, Thaung Naing, Chen, Xiao-Yong (2026): Mustura arenaria, a new species of genus Mustura (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae) from Myanmar, with taxonomic notes on Mustura shanensis. Zoosystematics and Evolution 102 (1): 107-117, DOI: 10.3897/zse.102.170882
