identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
552E87871348734F6F88F9FF2AF4FBF1.text	552E87871348734F6F88F9FF2AF4FBF1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon algerinus subsp. algerinus (Fuessly 1778)	<div><p>Pentodon algerinus algerinus (Fuessly, 1778) (Figs. 1, 2)</p><p>Scarabaeus algerinus Fuessly 1778: 40 .</p><p>Pentodon puncticollis Burmeister 1847: 104 .</p><p>Pentodon bispinosus Küster 1852: 36 .</p><p>Pentodon balearicus Kraatz 1882: 60 .</p><p>Heteronychus cribratellus Fairmaire 1893: cxlvi.</p><p>Morphology. Length 17–24 mm. Body convex, nearly black, shiny. Clypeus densely, coarsely punctate, rounded; anterior edge equipped with two distinct teeth separated by an impression, lateral edges raised in a ridge-shaped manner (Fig. 1). Frontoclypeal suture raised, convex, with distinct tubercle in the middle. Frons slightly more densely punctate than clypeus; vertex smooth posteriorly. Pronotum with lateral carinae. Disc of pronotum densely and distinctly punctate, decreasing posteriorly. Punctures near anterior angles of pronotum overlapping, giving the appearance of faint wrinkles. Scutellar shield triangular, impunctate. Striae of elytra flat, outlined with deep punctures. Sutural stria broader, slightly impressed posteriorly. Interstriae distinctly, but not densely, punctate. Pygidium almost triangular, evenly convex, finely and densely punctate, less numerously toward apex.</p><p>Male Genitalia. Parameres seen from above widened in the middle and at apex (Fig. 2); in lateral view almost triangular, upper edge straight, apices curved downward, tooth at lower edge located almost in the middle.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 5A). MOROCCO: North and central, south to the Sahara; ALGERIA: North and central, south to Tuggurt; TUNISIA: North and central, south of Naftah, Qibili and Jerba; LIBYA: Tripoli; EGYPT: Nile Valley from Alexandria to Aswan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E87871348734F6F88F9FF2AF4FBF1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E87871348734F6FDAFBF92A7CF9F4.text	552E87871348734F6FDAFBF92A7CF9F4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon HOPE 1837	<div><p>Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837</p><p>Morphology. Body stout, moderately convex, of brown-black to black color. Head trapezoidal, distinctly punctured; frontoclypeal suture well delineated, with one or two tubercles. External edges of mandibles with lobate teeth. Pronotum quite wide, evenly convex, its lateral edges carinate. Elytron punctate, with four flat ridges. Propygidium with very weak stridulatory bands at the base. Pygidium punctate, semicircular or triangular in outline. Front tibia short and wide, external edge with three large teeth, sometimes with additional teeth in front of basal denticle. Middle and hind tibiae massive, terminated with two spurs. Tarsi rather small, with two straight claws. Sexual dimorphism weakly delineated—the male apical abdominal ventrite arcuately emarginate whereas the female one rounded.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E87871348734F6FDAFBF92A7CF9F4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E8787134873496DE5FBC32A53FDF8.text	552E8787134873496DE5FBC32A53FDF8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon algerinus subsp. nubicus Bunalski and Smielowski 2020	<div><p>Pentodon algerinus nubicus Bunalski and Śmiełowski, new subspecies</p><p>zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AD4AB77E-0AB2-4EEB-8787-2342A56D3CD8</p><p>(Figs. 3, 4)</p><p>Type Locality. Meroe near Dawab, Sudan.</p><p>Type Material. Holotype (male) and three paratypes (2 males and 1 female): SUDAN (Nubia) / Meroe ad Dawab / 16° 570 N/33° 470 E / 14 XI 2007 / leg. J. Śmiełowski. Paratype (1 female): SUDAN (Nubia) / Shemkhiya ad Abu Hamad / 19° 270 N/ 32° 580 E / 16 XI 2007 / leg. J. Śmiełowski. All specimens deposited in the collection of the Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.</p><p>Description of Holotype (Male). Length 21 mm. Body moderately convex, brown-black, shiny. Clypeus semicircular, very finely and densely punctate, coarsely wrinkled; anterior edge equipped with two small teeth separated by an impression, lateral edges outlined by flat carina (Fig. 3). Frontoclypeal suture raised, convex, with distinct tubercle in the middle. Frons slightly more densely punctate than clypeus; vertex smooth posteriorly. Pronotum with lateral carinae. Disc of pronotum finely, distinctly punctate, decreasing posteriorly. Punctures of anterolateral portions of pronotum overlapping, creating net-like wrinkles. Scutellar shield triangular, impunctate. Striae of elytra flat, outlined with flat punctures. Sutural stria narrow, not impressed posteriorly. Interstriae shallowly but distinctly punctured. Pygidium nearly triangular, strongly convex, finely and densely punctate, less numerously toward apex. Lateral parts in apical area with elongate indentations.</p><p>Male Genitalia. Parameres seen from above broadened in a tooth-shaped manner in the middle, then arcuately narrowed, and again weakly broadened toward the apex of parameres (Fig. 4); in lateral view almost triangular, the upper edge weakly concave in the middle, apices strongly curved downward, tooth at lower edge nearer to the base of parameres.</p><p>Variability in Males. The paratypes differ insignificantly in coloration and size, within the range of 19–21 mm. The pygidium of one of the males is equipped with a small, pointed tubercle.</p><p>Sexual Dimorphism. Similar to that in other species from the genus Pentodon .</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 5B). Northern Sudan, Nile region.</p><p>Differential Diagnosis. The new subspecies can be differentiated from P. a. algerinus using the following diagnostic characteristics: Clypeus very finely and densely punctured, much more finely than frons, its lateral edges with flat border (Fig. 2); punctures of the anterolateral part of pronotum overlapping, creating net-like wrinkles; sutural stria of elytron narrow and not impressed posteriorly; parameres of the aedeagus broadened in a toothshaped manner in the middle, then arcuately narrowed and weakly broadened at apex (Fig. 4).</p><p>Etymology. Derived from the name of the type locality, Nubia (Nile region, northern Sudan).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E8787134873496DE5FBC32A53FDF8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E8787134E73496F88FDD22A17FB15.text	552E8787134E73496F88FDD22A17FB15.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon algerinus subsp. tchadensis Paulian 1954	<div><p>Pentodon algerinus tchadensis Paulian, 1954</p><p>Pentodon algerinus tchadensis Paulian 1954: 1158 .</p><p>Morphology. Length 18–22 mm. Body strongly convex, black and shiny. Clypeus rounded, densely and coarsely punctate; anterior edge equipped with two distinct teeth separated by an impression, lateral edges outlined with carina. Frontoclypeal suture raised, convex, with distinct tubercle in the middle. Frons punctured more deeply and less densely than clypeus; vertex smooth posteriorly. Pronotum carinate along lateral edges. Disc of pronotum distinctly and moderately densely punctate, decreasing posteriorly. Punctures near anterolateral angles of pronotum denser and forming weakly wrinkled sculpturing. Scutellar shield triangular, impunctate. Striae of elytra flat, outlined with rows of punctures. Interstriae punctured shallowly but distinctly. Pygidium semicircular, strongly convex, finely and densely punctate, less densely toward apex.</p><p>Male Genitalia. As in typical form.</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 5C). CHAD,? SENEGAL.</p><p>Note. Endrődi (1974) recorded this species also from Senegal based on one individual specimen, claiming that the locality was doubtful.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E8787134E73496F88FDD22A17FB15	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E8787134E73496F98FB642C68FD22.text	552E8787134E73496F98FB642C68FD22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon bidens subsp. punctatus (Villers 1789)	<div><p>Pentodon bidens punctatus (Villers, 1789) (Fig. 6)</p><p>Scarabaeus punctatus Villers 1789: 40 .</p><p>Scarabaeus punctulatus Rossi 1790: 9 .</p><p>Pentodon castaneus Mulsant 1842: 384 .</p><p>Pentodon pimelioides Costa 1853: 3 .</p><p>Pentodon testudinarius Ragusa 1882: 279 .</p><p>Pentodon simplex Depoli 1910: 306 .</p><p>Morphology. Length 17–21 mm. Body strongly convex, black and shiny. Clypeus trapezoidal, densely and coarsely punctate; anterior edge equipped with two distinct teeth separated by a depression, lateral edges carinate. Frontoclypeal suture raised, with two tubercles separated from one another similarly to clypeal tubercles. Frons punctured similarly to clypeus; vertex smooth posteriorly. Pronotum carinate along anterior and lateral edges. Disc of pronotum distinctly and not very densely punctate, denser toward anterior angles, decreasing in density posteriorly. Scutellar shield triangular, with a few punctures near apex. Striae of elytra weakly convex and very finely punctate, interstriae punctured quite densely and coarsely, fine punctation also present. Pygidium triangular, moderately convex, very dense and wrinkled punctation at the base, whereas punctures toward apex clearly less dense.</p><p>Male Genitalia. External edges of parameres almost straight and gradually narrowing toward apices; apices broadened, their posterolateral angles slightly acute (Fig. 6).</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 11D). MOROCCO: Tangier; ALGERIA.</p><p>Note. Recorded from Tangier by Endrődi (1969), although it has not been recorded from this area by other researchers. Data from Algeria also raise doubts and have not confirmed by specimens.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E8787134E73496F98FB642C68FD22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E8787134E73496DF7FD682B2CF982.text	552E8787134E73496DF7FD682B2CF982.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon bidens subsp. sulcifrons Kuster 1848	<div><p>Pentodon bidens sulcifrons Küster, 1848</p><p>Pentodon sulcifrons Küster 1848: 43 .</p><p>Pentodon xyphias Baudi di Selve 1870: 78 . Pentodon rugulosus Reitter 1899: 35 .</p><p>Morphology. Length 17–21 mm. Body strongly convex, black and shiny. Clypeus trapezoidal, very densely and coarsely punctate; anterior edge equipped with two distinct teeth separated by a broad depression, lateral edges outlined in a carina. Frontoclypeal suture raised, with two tubercles separated from one another by a lesser extent than clypeal tubercles. Frons punctured similarly to clypeus; vertex smooth posteriorly. Pronotum carinate along anterior and lateral edges. Disc of pronotum densely, distinctly punctate and wrinkled anteriorly, punctation decreasing posteriorly. Scutellar shield triangular, smooth. Striae of elytra almost flat and very finely punctate, interstriae quite densely and not coarsely punctate, fine punctation also present. Pygidium triangular, moderately convex, very densely punctate and wrinkled at the base, whereas punctures toward apex clearly less dense.</p><p>Male Genitalia. Parameres gradually narrowing from the base toward apex; apices broadened and evenly rounded (Fig. 7).</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 11E).? EGYPT.</p><p>Note. Recorded vaguely from Egypt by Endrődi (1969). Considering its overly general published distribution, its distribution in North Africa requires confirmation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E8787134E73496DF7FD682B2CF982	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E8787134E73486DF4F9F12A40FA56.text	552E8787134E73486DF4F9F12A40FA56.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon idiota subsp. memnon Jakovlev 1902	<div><p>Pentodon idiota memnon Jakovlev, 1902 (Fig. 8)</p><p>Pentodon memnon Jakovlev 1902: 271 .</p><p>Morphology. Length 17–21 mm. Body convex, black, and weakly shining. Clypeus trapezoidal, very densely and coarsely punctate; anterior edge is slightly thickened, without tubercles, lateral edges with delicate carina. Frontoclypeal suture raised, with blunt tubercle in the middle. Frons punctured more densely than clypeus; vertex smooth posteriorly. Pronotum carinate along anterior and lateral edges. Disc of pronotum distinctly punctate, densely punctate and wrinkled in the front, decreasing in density posteriorly. Scutellar shield triangular, with a few punctures near apex. Striae of elytra almost flat and very finely punctate, interstriae punctured shallowly and not densely. Elytra finely punctate, slightly dull. Pygidium triangular, moderately convex, densely punctate and wrinkled at the base, decreasing distinctly anteriorly.</p><p>Male Genitalia. Parameres distinctly narrowing toward apex; apices broadened and evenly rounded with plate-like ridges ventrally (Fig. 8).</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 11F). MOROCCO: Casablanca, Fes,Ifrane,Tangier; ALGERIA: Alger, Batna, Bou Saada, Ghardaia, Oran, Tazoult, Theniet el Had; TUNISIA: Al Firnanah, Al Kaf, Maksar, Oued Zarga, Tunis.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E8787134E73486DF4F9F12A40FA56	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E8787134F734B6FE4FA2E2A57FAD1.text	552E8787134F734B6FE4FA2E2A57FAD1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon variolopunctatus subsp. deserti (Heyden 1900) Fairmaire 1879	<div><p>Pentodon variolopunctatus deserti (Heyden, 1900) (Fig. 9)</p><p>Heteronychus deserti Heyden 1900: 253 .</p><p>Pentodon milini Mikšić 1962: 23 .</p><p>Morphology. Length 14–18 mm. Body strongly convex, black, and shiny. Clypeus triangular, densely and coarsely punctate; anterior edge equipped with two small teeth that are very approximate, sometimes almost overlapping, lateral edges carinate. Frontoclypeal suture raised, with two approximate tubercles in the middle. Frons punctured similarly to clypeus; vertex smooth posteriorly. Pronotum carinate along anterior and lateral edges. Disc of pronotum distinctly punctate, densely punctate and wrinkled anteriorly, punctation decreasing posteriorly. Front tibia with four external teeth—two apical teeth and, significantly separated from these, two teeth at tibial midlength; tibial spines well delineated. Scutellar shield triangular, smooth. Striae of elytra flat and very distinctly punctate, interstriae densely and deeply punctate, fine punctation also present. Pygidium triangular, moderately convex, with two tubercles anterior to middle; densely punctate and wrinkled anteriorly, distinctly less densely toward apex.</p><p>Male Genitalia. Parameres almost rhomboid at the base, broadened in a tubercle-shaped manner at midlength, apices strongly broadened triangularly and their posterolateral angles acutely extended backwards (Fig. 9).</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 11G). TUNISIA: El Hamma, Gabes, Gafsa, Thelepte; LIBYA: Al-Bajda, Bir al Gharbi, Darnah, Wadi Fruten; EGYPT: Cairo.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E8787134F734B6FE4FA2E2A57FAD1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E8787134C734B6F8EFAA32B8FFAA1.text	552E8787134C734B6F8EFAA32B8FFAA1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon variolopunctatus subsp. variolopunctatus Fairmaire 1879	<div><p>Pentodon variolopunctatus variolopunctatus Fairmaire, 1879 (Fig. 10)</p><p>Pentodon variolopunctatus Fairmaire 1879: 172 .</p><p>Pentodon pygidialis Kraatz 1882: 61 .</p><p>Morphology. Length 14–18 mm. Body strongly convex, black, and shiny. Clypeus triangular, very densely and coarsely punctate; anterior margin equipped with two distinct teeth that are very approximate, almost overlapping and creating one entity, lateral margins carinate. Frontoclypeal suture raised, with two approximate tubercles medially. Frons punctured similarly to clypeus; vertex smooth posteriorly. Pronotum carinate along anterior and lateral edges. Disc of pronotum distinctly punctate, densely punctate and wrinkled anteriorly, punctation decreasing posteriorly. Front tibia with four external teeth—two apical teeth and, significantly separated from these, two teeth at tibial midlength; tibial spines poorly delineated. Scutellar shield triangular, smooth. Striae of elytra flat and distinctly punctate, interstriae densely punctate, fine punctation also present.Pygidium triangular, moderately convex, with two tubercles anterior to middle; densely punctate and wrinkled anteriorly, becoming less densely punctate toward apex.</p><p>Male Genitalia. Parameres almost rhomboid at the base, broadened in a tubercle-shaped manner at midlength, apices weakly broadened, their posterolateral angles acutely extended backwards (Fig. 10).</p><p>Distribution (Fig. 11H). MOROCCO: from Oujda and Berguent to Haut Atlas Mts.; ALGERIA: Ain Sefra, Bou Saada, Le Kreider, Oran, Theniet el Had; TUNISIA: Tunis.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E8787134C734B6F8EFAA32B8FFAA1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
552E8787134C734A6DE7FA072A90FC6C.text	552E8787134C734A6DE7FA072A90FC6C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pentodon HOPE 1837	<div><p>TAXONOMIC KEY TO AFRICAN PENTODON</p><p>1. Pygidium with two large subapical tubercles ................................................... 2</p><p>10. Pygidium regularly convex, without tubercles ................................................... 3</p><p>2. External basal tooth of front tibia poorly developed; parameres as in Fig. 9 ................ ........ P. variolopunctatus deserti (Heyden)</p><p>20. External basal tooth of front tibia clearly visible; parameres as in Fig. 10 ................ ............. P. v. variolopunctatus Fairmaire</p><p>3. Frontoclypeal suture with two tubercles ............ 4</p><p>30. Frontoclypeal suture with one tubercle .......... 5</p><p>4. Teeth at apex of clypeus well developed and separated by deep emargination; parameres as in Fig. 7 .......... P. bidens sulcifrons Küster</p><p>40. Teeth at apex of clypeus poorly developed and separated by shallow indentation; parameres as in Fig. 6 ................ P. bidens punctatus (Villers)</p><p>5. Apex of clypeus rounded and weakly raised; elytra weakly shining, with satin luster; parameres as in Fig. 8 ................................. .................... P. idiota memnon Jakovlev</p><p>50. Apex of clypeus indented and equipped with two teeth; elytra shining ........................ 6</p><p>6. Clypeus very finely and densely punctate, its lateral edges outlined with flat carina (Fig. 3); sutural stria of elytron narrow and not impressed posteriorly; parameres as in Fig. 4 .......................... P. algerinus nubicus Bunalski and Śmiełowski, n. ssp.</p><p>60. Clypeus more densely punctate, lateral edges with a ridge-shaped carina (Fig. 1); sutural stria broader, slightly impressed posteriorly; parameres as in Fig. 3 .......................... 7</p><p>7. Populations from North Africa .................. ......................... P. a. algerinus (Fuessly)</p><p>70. Populations from Chad and Senegal .......... ............... P. algerinus tchadensis Paulian</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/552E8787134C734A6DE7FA072A90FC6C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Bunalski, Marek;Śmiełowski, Jan	Bunalski, Marek, Śmiełowski, Jan (2020): Review of African Species of the Genus Pentodon Hope, 1837 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae: Pentodontini). The Coleopterists Bulletin 74 (3): 547-554, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-74.3.547, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-74.3.547
