taxonID	type	description	language	source
AD88F61073FC5211973C50078526E61B.taxon	description	Figs 3, 4, Suppl. material 2: fig. S 1	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
AD88F61073FC5211973C50078526E61B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Betta iaspis sp. nov. differs from its congeners in the B. coccina group by the following unique combination of characters: less dorsal-fin rays (8 – 10 *) and subdorsal scales (5 – 6 *); shorter dorsal – fin base (7.5 – 19.1 % SL, mean 11.7 %); male with dark blackish body; without green iridescent mid-lateral body patch; dorsal-, pelvic- and caudal fins red without significant marks; blackish anal fin with reddish patches on posterior part.	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
AD88F61073FC5211973C50078526E61B.taxon	description	Description. Morphometric and meristic data are summarized in Table 1. General appearances presented on Fig. 3. Head rounded and small. Body slender (at dorsal-fin origin 18.2 % – 22.3 % SL, mean 19.9 %) not compressed at caudal peduncle (11.9 % – 20.5 % SL). Dorsal fin narrow (total 8 – 10 * rays), base short (7.5 – 19.1 % SL with 5 – 6 * subdorsal scales) and placed significantly far back (predorsal length 57.8 – 67.7 % SL). Dorsal fin pointed with elongated posterior rays, sometimes reaching caudal-fin base in mature males. Anal fin situated ~ ½ body (preanal length 39.7 % – 47.0 % SL), base long (47.9 % – 57.8 % SL). Anal fin with total 27 * – 28 rays, pointed, posterior rays elongated, often reach half-length of caudal fin in mature males. Caudal fin lanceolate in males, rounded in females, with i-ii rudimentary, I simple principal, 4 + 5 branched principal, I simple principal, i-ii rudimentary rays (modal ii-I- 4 + 5 - I-ii). Pectoral fin rounded with 12 – 14 (modal 13) rays. Pelvic fin with one spine, one simple and four branched rays, simple ray filamentous. Lateral scales 28 * – 30, plus two or three scales on caudal-fin base; predorsal scales 19 – 21 *; postdorsal scales 9 – 11 (modal 10); 7 – 8 * scales in transverse series at dorsal fin origin.	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
AD88F61073FC5211973C50078526E61B.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Betta iaspis sp. nov. is currently only known from one single forest peat swamp in Jambi, Sumatra Island (Fig. 1), which is adjacent to a huge oil palm plantation.	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
AD88F61073FC5211973C50078526E61B.taxon	etymology	Etymology. A Latin noun iaspis is derived from the Greek ἴασπις, for the gemstone jasper, which is usually red or green / blue in color, referring to the distinct combination of the fish’s iridescent bluish / greenish body and reddish fins.	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
CBF1B16A91C85A5FAA89D5FF94D7F18A.taxon	description	Figs 5, 6, Suppl. material 2: fig. S 2	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
CBF1B16A91C85A5FAA89D5FF94D7F18A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Betta mulyadii sp. nov. differs from its congeners in the B. coccina group by the following unique combination of characters: fewer dorsal-fin rays (8 * – 10) and subdorsal scales (5 * - 6); shorter dorsal-fin base (9.89 – 15.1 % SL, mean 12.5 %); male with reddish body; without green iridescent mid-lateral body patch; unpaired fins red without significant marks (dorsal and caudal fins with bright bluish margins).	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
CBF1B16A91C85A5FAA89D5FF94D7F18A.taxon	description	Description. Morphometric and meristic data are summarized in Table 1. General appearances presented in Fig. 5. Head rounded and small. Body slender (at dorsal-fin origin 18.7 % – 22.0 % SL, mean 19.9 %), not compressed at caudal peduncle (12.9 % – 16.5 % SL). Dorsal fin narrow (total 8 * – 10 rays), base short (9.89 – 15.1 % SL with 5 * – 6 subdorsal scales) and placed significantly far back (predorsal length 58.1 – 65.9 % SL). Dorsal fin pointed with elongated posterior rays, sometimes reaching caudal-fin base in mature males. Anal fin situated ~ ½ body (preanal length 38.1 % – 43.5 % SL), base long (48.9 % – 58.9 % SL). Anal fin with total 27 * – 29 rays, pointed, posterior rays elongated, sometimes reach half-length of caudal fin in mature males. Caudal fin lanceolate in males, rounded in females, with i-ii rudimentary, I simple principal, 4 + 5 branched principal, I simple principal, i-ii rudimentary rays (modal i-I- 4 + 5 - I-i). Pectoral fin rounded with (12 – 14, modal 13) rays. Pelvic fin with one spine, one simple and four branched rays, simple ray filamentous. Lateral scales 29 – 30 *, plus two or three scales on caudal-fin base; predorsal scales 19 – 21 *; postdorsal scales 9 – 12 (modal 10); 7 – 8 * scales in transverse series at dorsal fin origin.	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
CBF1B16A91C85A5FAA89D5FF94D7F18A.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Betta mulyadii sp. nov. is currently known only from an area in Riau, Sumatra Island (Fig. 1).	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
CBF1B16A91C85A5FAA89D5FF94D7F18A.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is named after Mulyadi Tjoa Hong Tjai, who discovered this species and contributed much first-hand field information on this genus during the last 30 years. Previously the species was widely known by the common name “ api-api ” given by the discoverer, which means flame / fire in Bahasa Indonesia referring to the reddish body and lanceolate caudal fin.	en	Ding, Jiali, Lei, Wen, Haryono, Haryono, Shi, Wentian, Zhang, Wanchang (2025): Phylogenetic analysis of Betta coccina complex (Teleostei, Osphronemidae) from Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra Island with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1238: 161-181, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1238.142857
