identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
118979CC7C8A5F84987C89D7A58A296C.text	118979CC7C8A5F84987C89D7A58A296C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ayenia idroboi (Cristobal) Dorr 2026	<div><p>Ayenia idroboi (Cristóbal) Dorr comb. nov.</p><p>Byttneria idroboi Cristóbal, Bonplandia (Corrientes) 4: 383, fig. 97. 1976 (“ Idroboi ”). Type: Colombia. • Caquetá [“ Comisaría del Caquetá ”]: Florencia, Quebrada del Río Hacha, 400–450 m alt., 1 Apr 1940 (fl), J. Cuatrecasas 8962 (holotype: COL [COL 000002538 as image!]; isotype: US [00102135]!) .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Endemic to Colombia, where it is known only from Caquetá.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/118979CC7C8A5F84987C89D7A58A296C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dorr, Laurence J.	Dorr, Laurence J. (2026): Ayenia nathaliae (Malvaceae, Byttnerioideae), a new species from Colombia and three new combinations. PhytoKeys 273: 119-126, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.273.188574
FF97EBE31CEF57788D200DB4C4B0C0A7.text	FF97EBE31CEF57788D200DB4C4B0C0A7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ayenia macrophylla (Kunth) Dorr 2026	<div><p>Ayenia macrophylla (Kunth) Dorr comb. nov.</p><p>Byttneria macrophylla Kunth, in H. B. K., Nov. Gen. Sp. [qu] 5: 315. 1823 [“ 1821 ”] (“ Büttneria ”); Ibid. [fol] 5: 245. 1823 [“ 1821 ”] (“ Büttneria ”). Type: Colombia. • Tolima: Honda, [ca. 250 m alt.], s. d. (fl), F. W. H. A. Humboldt &amp; A. J. A. Bonpland [1684] (lectotype as “ holotipo ”, designated by Cristóbal (1976: 118): P-HBK [IDC microfiche 133 / 4!]; isolectotypes: G, P [P 02286199 as image!]) .</p><p>Byttneria mollis Kunth, in H. B. K., Nov. Gen. Sp. [qu] 5: 314, tabs. 481 a, 481 b. 1823 [“ 1821 ”] (“ Büttneria ”); Ibid. [fol] 5: 244, tabs. 481 a, 481 b. 1823 [“ 1821 ”] (“ Büttneria ”), non Ayenia mollis Brandegee, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 3: 385. 1909. Type: Colombia. • “ prope Santa Fe de Bogota ”, ca. 2660 m alt., s. d. (fl), J. C. B. Mutis s. n. (lectotype as “ holotipo ”, designated by Cristóbal (1976: 120): P [P 02286203 as image!]; isolectotype: P-HBK [IDC microfiche 133 / 3!]) .</p><p>Ayenia aculeata Mutis ex Kunth, in H. B. K., Nov. Gen. Sp. [qu] 5: 314. 1823 [“ 1821 ”]; Ibid. [fol] 5: 244. 1823 [“ 1821 ”], nom. nud. pro syn.</p><p>Byttneria arguta Triana &amp; Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 17: 331. 1862 (“ Büttneria ”). Type: Colombia. • Tolima: “ Coyaima, vallée du Magdalena ”, s. d. (immature fr), J. Goudot s. n. (lectotype as “ holotipo ”, designated by Cristóbal (1976: 120): P [P 06723209 as image!]) .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Found in Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF97EBE31CEF57788D200DB4C4B0C0A7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dorr, Laurence J.	Dorr, Laurence J. (2026): Ayenia nathaliae (Malvaceae, Byttnerioideae), a new species from Colombia and three new combinations. PhytoKeys 273: 119-126, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.273.188574
67A8C6A505965994A9CCB951C2C14ED9.text	67A8C6A505965994A9CCB951C2C14ED9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ayenia morifolia (Triana & Planch.) Dorr 2026	<div><p>Ayenia morifolia (Triana &amp; Planch.) Dorr comb. nov.</p><p>Byttneria morifolia Triana &amp; Planch., Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 4, 17: 330. 1862 (“ Büttneria ”). Type: Colombia. • Meta: “ Llano de San Martín, bassin du Meta ”, s. d. (fl, immature fr), J. Goudot s. n. (lectotype as “ holotipo ”, designated by Cristóbal (1976: 79): P [P 02286205 (= F neg. no. 35438) as image!]; isotype: GOET [GOET 011187 as image!]) .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Endemic to Colombia, where it is known only from Meta.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/67A8C6A505965994A9CCB951C2C14ED9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dorr, Laurence J.	Dorr, Laurence J. (2026): Ayenia nathaliae (Malvaceae, Byttnerioideae), a new species from Colombia and three new combinations. PhytoKeys 273: 119-126, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.273.188574
D1ED204F12885D4B8D1E63024793ACB6.text	D1ED204F12885D4B8D1E63024793ACB6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ayenia nathaliae Dorr 2026	<div><p>Ayenia nathaliae Dorr sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 1</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Ayenia nathaliae Dorr differs from A. saligna Dorr in having smaller leaf blades (0.9–3.3 × 0.2–0.4 versus 2.5–7.5 × 0.5–1 cm) that are narrowly oblong (versus lanceolate) with abruptly apiculate (versus long acuminate) apices and a mostly entire (versus typically denticulate) margin, and in lacking (versus possessing) an abaxial appendage on the petal lamina and in lacking (versus possessing) cilia on the basal margin of the petal lamina lobes.</p><p>Type.</p><p>Colombia. • Antioquia: Municipio Puerto Berrío, Vereda Bodegas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.5&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.616667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.5/lat 6.616667)">sitio San Juan de Bedout, Quebrada de San Juan</a>, 300 m alt., 6°37'N, 74°30'W, 4 Mar 1990 (fl, fr), R. Callejas, F. J. Roldán, V. Maza &amp; J. G. Estrada 9347 (holotype: HUA [72577]; isotypes: MO [MO-2384406], NY [01400051]!) .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Shrubs, 1 m tall; profusely branched. Young branchlets densely pubescent with simple and bifurcate hairs; older stems glabrate, black when dry. Leaves alternate, internodes short, 1–2 mm long; leaf blades narrowly oblong, 0.9–3.3 × 0.2–0.4 cm, bases cuneate, margin entire, occasionally toothed toward the apex, apices abruptly apiculate, blades scabrous throughout, with simple and bifurcate hairs above and below largely confined to the midveins and margins but also found sparingly on secondary veins below, minute black glandular dots scattered throughout above and below; leaf midveins raised above and below, abaxial midvein with an inconspicuous multi-aperturate nectary ca. 1 (or less) mm from the leaf base, nectaries elliptic, ca. 1 mm long; secondary and tertiary veins also visible below with 10 × magnification; petioles ca. 1 mm long, densely pubescent; stipules acicular, often slightly curved, ca. 3 mm long, persistent. Flowers solitary, axillary; peduncles to ca. 9 mm long, articulated ca. 4 mm below the calyx, pubescent with short bristle-like simple or fasciculate hairs, subtended by 3, acicular bracts, sparingly pubescent, persistent, ca. 1 mm long. Calyx 5 - lobed, the lobes broadly lanceolate, joined briefly at the base, ca. 1.5 × 0.5–0.75 mm, sparsely pubescent with mixed simple and bifurcate hairs abaxially, reflexed at anthesis. Petals 5, unguiculate, the claw filiform, ca. 4–6 mm long, glabrous, the lamina broadly ovate, ca. 1–1.5 × ca. 1 mm, the lower lamina margin divided into 2 rounded lobes, marginal cilia not present, the upper lamina margin retuse to emarginate, the adaxial surface with 2 obscure fleshy teeth, the abaxial surface without an appendage. Androgynophore to ca. 3 mm tall, glabrous; staminal column campanulate, ca. 1 mm tall; stamens 5, anthers 3 - thecate, filaments ca. 0.25 mm long; staminodia 5, lobes ± triangular, ca. 0.33 × 0.33 mm, fleshy. Ovary globose, style simple, short. Capsules septicidally dehiscent, ovoid, ca. 7 × 5 mm, spiny, capsule surface minutely pubescent with simple multicellular hairs, capsule spines sparingly and minutely pubescent with simple antrorse hairs and terminating in a hyaline hair. Seeds narrowly ellipsoid, ca. 4 × 2 mm, glabrous.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet honors Nathaly Guerrero, who has traveled the world but remains firmly attached to Colombia, her native country.</p><p>Distribution and habitat.</p><p>At present, known only from the banks of quebradas (ravines) in Mpio. Puerto Berrío, Antioquia, Colombia; 150–300 m alt. The type locality is 10–12 km NW of Puerto Berrío on the Río Magdalena and ca. 5 km due west of the Río San Bartolomé.</p><p>Additional material examined.</p><p>Colombia. • Antioquia: Municipio Puerto Berrío, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-74.63333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.5333333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -74.63333/lat 6.5333333)">vía Puerto Berrío-Yondó, 35 km NE de Puerto Berrío, sitio Bodegas, quebrada San Juan de Bedout</a>, 150 m alt., 6°32'N, 74°38'W, 18 Oct 2001 (fl, fr), R. Callejas &amp; F. A. Cardona 12549 (MO [MO-3095808 as image!]) .</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Ayenia nathaliae like A. saligna is riparian and both species have narrow leaf blades, which otherwise is atypical for Ayenia s. str., a clade restricted to the Americas (Sharber et al. in press). This leaf type may represent an adaptation to their shared habitat. Most species of Ayenia s. str. are restricted to xerophytic or dry habitats and have much broader leaf blades. While both these riparian species are endemic to the Magdalena Valley of Antioquia and are found at more or less the same elevation, they occur in different river basins. The latter described from the mouth of the Río Mata where it enters the Río Porce, has also been found (R. F. Gómez et al. 5923, F [V 0318055 F as image!]) at the mouth of the Río Toná where it enters the Río Anori (see Restrepo-Santamaria et al. 2023 for a description of this latter region, the upper sub-basin of the Río Nechí, and on-going threats to its biodiversity) and is currently known from the Bajo Cauca and Nordeste subregions of Antioquia. Ayenia nathaliae is found on the banks of quebradas (ravines) that feed into the Río Magdalena in the Magdalena Medio subregion of Antioquia.</p><p>Morphologically, Ayenia nathaliae is clearly allied with A. saligna, A. stipularis Triana &amp; Planch., A. cuatrecasasii Cristóbal (published as “ cuatrecasae ”), and A. mastatelensis Cristóbal &amp; N. Zamora, the last four species assigned to A. subsect. Stipulares (Cristóbal 1960, 1962; Cristóbal et al. 1992; Dorr 1996). All five species share a shrubby to arborescent habit and foliar nectaries. Characters related to inflorescences and flowers, including those originally used to define the subsection (i. e., terminal inflorescences and flowers lacking a dorsal appendage), however, are not shared by all these species and cannot be used now to define this subsection. Although A. stipularis (type of the subsection) only has terminal inflorescences, A. cuatrecasasii, A. nathaliae, and A. saligna have axillary flowers or inflorescences, and A. mastatelensis has both axillary and terminal inflorescences. Similarly, while the petals of A. stipularis and A. nathaliae lack a dorsal appendage (terminology following Dorr 1996), the petals of the other three species have dorsal appendages.</p><p>Given that only habit and foliar nectaries now appear to define Ayenia subsect. Stipulares, its boundaries and relationships with two other subsections of the genus are unclear and probably cannot be confidently resolved without additional molecular sampling. Ayenia subsect. Praeclarae Cristóbal also includes only arborescent species with foliar nectaries. Although this latter subsection was monotypic when first described (Cristóbal 1960), a second species A. klugii Cristóbal &amp; Arbo subsequently was included (Cristóbal and Arbo 1971) and only petal blades notched at the apex seem to be morphological characters that distinguish this subsection from subsection Stipulares . Similarly, the arborescent habit and foliar nectaries of A. conciliata Cristóbal, a Mexican species found in cloud forest, suggest that it could be related to both subsections Praeclarae and Stipulares (Cristóbal 1969; Cristóbal and Arbo 1971; Cristóbal et al. 1992; Dorr 1996). Cristóbal (1969) created the monotypic A. subsect. Conciliatae Cristóbal to accommodate A. conciliata . However, the unlobed rhomboidal petal lamina of A. conciliata, which more closely resembles in shape the petal lamina characteristic of A. sect. Ayenia, is fundamentally different from the petal lamina of the species assigned to subsections Praeclarae and Stipulares, which were clearly misplaced in A. sect. Ayenia by Cristóbal (1960) as they are morphologically allied to A. sects. Cybiostigma (Turcz.) Griseb. and Leiayenia Griseb. This division based on petal morphology is supported by the molecular phylogeny presented by Sharber et al. (in press). Thus, petal morphology suggests that A. conciliata was correctly placed in A. sect. Ayenia by Cristóbal (1969) and probably is not closely related to subsections Praeclarae and Stipulares . If this is the case, then there may have been an independent origin of the foliar nectary in A. conciliata .</p><p>Although molecular sampling is incomplete ( Ayenia conciliata, A. cuatrecasasii, A. klugii, and A. nathaliae have not been sequenced), Sharber et al. (in press) determined that A. subsect. Praeclarae Cristóbal was weakly supported as sister to all the other species of Ayenia s. str. that they sampled. They further presented molecular evidence that subsections Praeclarae and Stipulares represent early-diverging sister lineages within the genus occupying mesic habitats in northern South America and Central America that appear more similar to habitats known for species of Byttneria than for most species of Ayenia s. str. The implication, as articulated by Sharber et al. (in the press) is that the Ayenia clade originated in wet tropical forests of South America and later diversified into drier habitats and higher latitudes.</p><p>Although Ayenia nathaliae is tentatively assigned here to A. subsect. Stipulares, this subsection may eventually be united with A. subsect Praeclarae (the two subsections have equal nomenclatural priority). Morphology suggests the two subsections are the same and the molecular evidence cited above for the sister relationship of subsect. Praeclarae is not strong. Floral morphology suggests A. subsect. Conciliatae probably represents a different lineage. Again, additional molecular evidence would be informative.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D1ED204F12885D4B8D1E63024793ACB6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Dorr, Laurence J.	Dorr, Laurence J. (2026): Ayenia nathaliae (Malvaceae, Byttnerioideae), a new species from Colombia and three new combinations. PhytoKeys 273: 119-126, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.273.188574
