identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
EC187349D47E59DB91103C9ECA3E7BE7.text	EC187349D47E59DB91103C9ECA3E7BE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Boocerini Goding 1892	<div><p>Tribe Boocerini Goding, 1892</p><p>Nymphal description.</p><p>Overall body. Weakly vertically depressed. Head. Mid-dorsal structures and dorsal or anterior rounded protuberances, and compound eye surface setae absent; chalazal setae narrowly paleate; without enlarged chalazae in front of ventral margin of eye; frons extended over central margin of eye (Fig. 6); not anteriorly or ventrally strongly carinate. Prothorax. Pre- and postmetopidium dorsal structures absent; posterior extension of pronotum not surpassing anterior margin of metanotum; pronotal lateral margin bearing a sharp ventral angle; postmetopidium not elevated and acute; without lateral scoli. Mesothorax. Dorsal structures absent; forewing pad distal two-thirds costal margin emarginate (Fig. 5), costal enlarged chalazae absent; posterior margin convex, medially extending into acute or obtuse angle (Fig. 7); lateral scoli absent. Metathorax. Dorsal structures absent. Legs. Metathoracic tarsi distinctly longer than pro- and mesothoracic tarsi (Fig. 5). Abdominal terga III – VIII. Ventrolateral margins with flattened lamellar extensions on segments IV – VIII (Figs 5, 7); lamellar lateral margins subparallel, apex rounded, chalazae on margins only; lateral scoli absent. Abdominal segment IX. Relative dorsal length subequal to combined lengths of segments VII and VIII; dorsal structures before apex consisting of irregular chalazae; ventral extension subequal to dorsal extension.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/EC187349D47E59DB91103C9ECA3E7BE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peraza-Sánchez, Andrey J.;McKamey, Stuart H.	Peraza-Sánchez, Andrey J., McKamey, Stuart H. (2025): First immature of the New World treehopper Campylocentrus nigris Funkhouser, 1930 (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Centrotinae, Boocerini) and biological notes from Costa Rica. ZooKeys 1249: 137-146, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152868
94120675EDDE5433AF51BD9103FD4D4B.text	94120675EDDE5433AF51BD9103FD4D4B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Campylocentrus nigris Funkhouser 1930	<div><p>Campylocentrus nigris Funkhouser</p><p>Campylocentrus nigris Funkhouser, 1930: 410 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Adults: length of male 8.4 mm; of female, 9.1 mm. Fifth instar length 7.8 mm. Overall body. Chalazae sparse, almost absent on thorax and abdomen. Head. Without enlarged chalazae adjacent to central margin of eye. Prothorax. Suprahumeral horn buds present high on pronotum (Fig. 5). Mesothorax. Forewing pad surface chalazae sparse with short, weakly paleate, needle-like setae; no lateral row of enlarged chalazae extending onto meso- or metathorax from abdomen. Legs. Chalazae of tibia on anterior and posterior lateral margins, absent or very few on dorsal surface (Fig. 5); prothoracic tibia lateral margin extended; metathoracic first tarsomere longer than pro- and mesothoracic first tarsomeres, but less than half the length of metathoracic second tarsomere. Abdominal terga III – VIII. Lateral rows of enlarged chalazae not manifested; dorsal structures absent from all terga (Figs 5, 7). Abdominal segment IX. Distal half in cross-section strongly vertically depressed; fused portion with strong lamellae laterally.</p><p>Previously reported records.</p><p>• Costa Rica. without mentioning a specific province, canton, or district. W. D. Funkhouser. Type, 1 ♂; paratype, 1 ♀ (Funkhouser Collection) from University of Kentucky .</p><p>Examined material.</p><p>New records, (Fig. 1). Campylocentrus nigris . • Costa Rica. Alajuela, Poás, Sabana Redonda, La Altura . 1480 m. Peraza, A. 31-VII-2024. (3 adults) 2 ♂; 1 ♀; 1 nymph (MIUCR) ; Puntarenas, Santa Elena, Monteverde . 1440 m. S. McKamey. 18-IV-1984. (10 adults) 6 ♂; 4 ♀; 1 nymph (USNM) . Host at both locations: Sicyos edulis Jacq. ( Cucurbitaceae). Panama (new country record) Darien Prov., 10 km S El Real, Rio Pirre . 7–18-VI-1984. S. McKamey (24 adults) 10 ♂, 14 ♀, 1 nymph (USNM) . Note: The single observation of the species in iNaturalist, from Ecuador, is probably a misidentification.</p><p>Biological notes.</p><p>Host plants associated with this genus. Campylocentrus curvidens has been collected on Glycine spp. ( Fabaceae); C. hamifer is associated with Coffea arabica L. ( Rubiaceae), Petiveria alliacea L. ( Petiveriaceae), Gonolobus edulis Hemsl. ( Apocynaceae), Spondias mombin L. ( Anacardiaceae), Sicyos edulis Jacq. ( Cucurbitaceae), Iochroma arborescens (L.) J. M. H. Shaw ( Solanaceae) and plants from the family Anacardiaceae; C. nigris has been recorded on plants from the family Asteraceae, and C. pusillus on Chromolaena corymbosa (Aubl.) R. M. King &amp; H. Rob. ( Asteraceae), Ipomoea purga (Wender.) Hayne, Ipomoea tiliacea (Willd.) Choisy ( Convolvulaceae), Medicago sativa L. ( Fabaceae), Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché, Cucurbita pepo L. ( Cucurbitaceae), Passiflora ligularis Juss. ( Passifloraceae) and Zea mays L. ( Poaceae) (Ballou 1935, 1936, 1937; Godoy et al. 2006). Campylocentrus nigris (as Campylocentrus sp.) has been recorded from Sicyos sp. (as Sechium sp.) (Godoy et al. 2006, Figs 8–10).</p><p>Behavior.</p><p>In escape response to a stalking predator of Neotropical true hoppers ( Hemiptera suborder Auchenorrhyncha) Galatowitsch and Mumme (2004) reported that the defense of Campylocentrus is structural, and its jumping response when approached by its predator was the most sensitive true hopper studied, with an average jump distance of 21.4 cm when approached by its predator.</p><p>In Costa Rica it is common to call “ chayotera ” the established cultivation of “ chayote ” or a plant spread in yard or vacant lots the specimens observed here fed on that (Figs 8–10). The eggs are deposited and embedded in the stems, later the females cover the openings made with secretions, making a kind of suture (Figs 12, 13). The nymphs observed were in groups; however, the last instars tended to separate and locate themselves in the nodes of the Cucurbitaceae stems. In addition, the resting position of the tibiae enhances their crypsis; the prothoracic tibia resting against the anterior margin of the pronotal postocular lobe (pol), the mesothoracic tibia resting against the truncate posterior margin of the pol, and the metathoracic tibia fitting into the emarginate notch of the wingpad. The result is that there is no space between the ventral contour of the nymph and the plant surface. The abdominal lamellae further obfuscate the insect’s outline. The crypsis they achieve by positioning themselves in this way is notable, it practically seems like just another knot (Fig. 15). It was also observed that the last instars seek to position themselves under the stems or tendrils for the emergence of the adult (Fig. 16). The nymphs were sometimes attended by ants (Fig. 14) ( Formicidae - Myrmicinae). Adults were active in the morning hours from 7: 00 a. m. to 11: 00 a. m. and in the afternoon from 12: 00 p. m. to 2: 00 p. m., showing short but very fast flights. Adults most commonly were located on the stems and, rarely, on the undersides of leaves. During this period, both courtship and copulation occur (Fig. 11).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/94120675EDDE5433AF51BD9103FD4D4B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Peraza-Sánchez, Andrey J.;McKamey, Stuart H.	Peraza-Sánchez, Andrey J., McKamey, Stuart H. (2025): First immature of the New World treehopper Campylocentrus nigris Funkhouser, 1930 (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Centrotinae, Boocerini) and biological notes from Costa Rica. ZooKeys 1249: 137-146, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1249.152868
