identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
4C7F87E0FFC6E011FF42B356BA5AFA32.text	4C7F87E0FFC6E011FF42B356BA5AFA32.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypsibioidea Pilato 1969	<div><p>Superfamily Hypsibioidea Pilato, 1969</p><p>Incerta familia</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C7F87E0FFC6E011FF42B356BA5AFA32	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tumanov, Denis V.	Tumanov, Denis V. (2026): Set to its place: first DNA data on freshwater tardigrades of Sakhalin (Far East Russia) shed light on the phylogenetic position of Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibioidea). Zootaxa 5750 (1): 87-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4
4C7F87E0FFC6E011FF42B3A6BFD0F8DE.text	4C7F87E0FFC6E011FF42B3A6BFD0F8DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mixibius Pilato 1992	<div><p>Genus Mixibius Pilato, 1992</p><p>Mixibius sp. (Fig. 1). Location 3, one adult specimen. Morphology of the adult specimen mainly conforms to the diagnoses of both Acutuncus Pilato &amp; Binda, 1997 and Mixibius: pharynx with two macroplacoids, without microplacoids or septulum, external claws of the Isohypsibius type, internal claw of the Hypsibius type. Morphology of the apophyses for the insertion of the stylet muscles (AISM) could not be categorised because of the buccal tube position on the slide.</p><p>Sequences of three genes were obtained for the specimen: 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, and COI (see Table 3), an attempt to amplify the ITS-2 marker was unsuccessful. Homology comparison of the obtained sequences with GenBank records (23 rd November 2025) revealed affinity to the superfamily Hypsibioidea . BLASTn percent identity for 18S and 28S sequences of the studied specimen to the sequences of Acutuncus antarcticus (Richters, 1904) was 98.8% (EU266944, Sands et al. 2008) and 93.2% (OM278643, Vecchi et al. 2023) respectively.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C7F87E0FFC6E011FF42B3A6BFD0F8DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tumanov, Denis V.	Tumanov, Denis V. (2026): Set to its place: first DNA data on freshwater tardigrades of Sakhalin (Far East Russia) shed light on the phylogenetic position of Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibioidea). Zootaxa 5750 (1): 87-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4
4C7F87E0FFC7E013FF42B307BAA1F81A.text	4C7F87E0FFC7E013FF42B307BAA1F81A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypsibius Ehrenberg 1848	<div><p>Genus Hypsibius Ehrenberg, 1848</p><p>Hypsibius sp. 1 (Fig. 2). Location 1, one adult specimen. Morphology of the adult specimen conforms to the diagnosis of the Hypsibius dujardini (Doyère, 1840) morphogroup, recognized here as a group of Hypsibius species with a smooth or slightly rugose (but not granulate or tuberculate) cuticle, two macroplacoids and a septulum in the pharynx (Tumanov &amp; Avdeeva 2021). Sequences of four markers were obtained for the specimen: 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2, and COI (see Table 3). Homology comparison of the obtained sequences with GenBank records (5 th July 2025) indicated similarity to the genus Hypsibius . The range of uncorrected genetic p -distances for COI and ITS-2 sequences between the studied specimen and sequences of the genus Hypsibius (with addition of the closely related genera Borealibius Pilato, Guidetti, Rebecchi, Lisi, Hansen &amp; Bertolani, 2006 and Cryobiotus Dastych, 2019) available in GenBank are presented in SM.03. Considering the significant genetic distance for the COI sequence from all known Hypsibius species (the closest is Hypsibius cf. exemplaris from Svalbard; MW010373; Zawierucha et al. 2020, p -distance is 14.8%) this species seems to be a potentially cryptic species in the Hypsibius dujardini morphogroup. This conclusion was supported by the results of the bPTP species delimitation (see SM.04).</p><p>Hypsibius sp. 2 (Fig. 3). Locations 2 and 3, two adult specimens. Morphology of both specimens conforms to the diagnosis of the Hypsibius dujardini morphogroup. Sequences of four markers were obtained: 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2, and COI (see Table 3). Presence of two haplotypes of the COI gene was revealed, with 0.99% p -distance between them. Homology comparison of the obtained sequences with GenBank records (5 th July 2025) indicated similarity to the genus Hypsibius . The range of uncorrected genetic p -distances for COI and ITS-2 sequences between the studied specimen and sequences of the genus Hypsibius (with addition of the closely related genera Borealibius and Cryobiotus) available in GenBank are presented in SM.03. Considering the significant genetic distance for the COI sequence from all known Hypsibius species (the most close is Hypsibius sp. from Italy; PQ140627; Surmacz et al. 2025, p -distances are 13.6% and 12.8% for each haplotype respectively) and from Hypsibius sp. 1 described above (16.4% and 18.0% for each haplotype respectively) this species seems to be another potentially cryptic species in the Hypsibius dujardini morphogroup found in Sakhalin. This conclusion was supported by the results of the bPTP species delimitation (see SM.04).</p><p>Hypsibius sp. 3 (Fig. 4). Location 2, one adult specimen. Morphology of the adult specimen conforms to the diagnosis of the Hypsibius convergens (Urbanowicz, 1925) morphogroup, recognized here as a group of Hypsibius species with a smooth or slightly rugose (but not granulate or tuberculate) cuticle, two elongate macroplacoids without septulum (or microplacoid) in the pharynx (Gąsiorek et al. 2024). Sequences of four markers were obtained for the specimen: 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2, and COI (see Table 3). Homology comparison of the obtained sequences with GenBank records (5 th July 2025) indicated similarity to the genus Hypsibius . The range of uncorrected genetic p -distances for COI and ITS-2 sequences between the studied specimen and sequences of the genus Hypsibius (with addition of the closely related genera Borealibius and Cryobiotus) available in GenBank are presented in SM.03. Considering the significant genetic distance for the COI sequence from all known Hypsibius species (the closest is Hypsibius sp. from Poland; PQ140631–2; Surmacz et al. 2025, p -distance is 17.2%) this species is the third new species of the genus Hypsibius found in Sakhalin. This conclusion was supported by the results of the bPTP species delimitation (see SM.04).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C7F87E0FFC7E013FF42B307BAA1F81A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tumanov, Denis V.	Tumanov, Denis V. (2026): Set to its place: first DNA data on freshwater tardigrades of Sakhalin (Far East Russia) shed light on the phylogenetic position of Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibioidea). Zootaxa 5750 (1): 87-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4
4C7F87E0FFC5E012FF42B301B974F963.text	4C7F87E0FFC5E012FF42B301B974F963.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dianea Gasiorek, Stec, Morek & Michalczyk 2019	<div><p>Genus Dianea Gąsiorek, Stec, Morek &amp; Michalczyk, 2019</p><p>Dianea sp. (Fig. 5). Location 3, one adult specimen. Morphology of the adult specimen conforms to the diagnosis of the genus Dianea (Gąsiorek et al. 2019) and the redescription of Dianea sattleri (Richters, 1902) (Dastych 1990) . Sequences of two markers were obtained for the specimen: 28S rRNA and COI (see Table 3), attempts to amplify 18S rRNA and ITS-2 markers were unsuccessful. Homology comparison of the obtained sequences with GenBank records (5 th July 2025) indicated similarity to the genus Dianea . Uncorrected p -distance for COI sequences between the studied specimen and the single sequence available in GenBank ( Dianea sp. from Poland; PQ140621; Surmacz et al. 2025) is 17.2%. Considering this significant genetic distance, this specimen seems to represent a potentially cryptic new species of the genus Dianea .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C7F87E0FFC5E012FF42B301B974F963	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tumanov, Denis V.	Tumanov, Denis V. (2026): Set to its place: first DNA data on freshwater tardigrades of Sakhalin (Far East Russia) shed light on the phylogenetic position of Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibioidea). Zootaxa 5750 (1): 87-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4
4C7F87E0FFC5E01DFF42B1C1BE79F90A.text	4C7F87E0FFC5E01DFF42B1C1BE79F90A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mesobiotus Vecchi, Cesari, Bertolani, Jonsson, Rebecchi & Guidetti 2016	<div><p>Genus Mesobiotus Vecchi, Cesari, Bertolani, Jönsson, Rebecchi &amp; Guidetti, 2016</p><p>Mesobiotus sp. (Fig. 6). Location 2, one juvenile specimen; location 4, 13 eggs. Morphology of the specimen and the eggs are typical for the genus Mesobiotus, M. harmsworthi (Murray, 1907a) morphogroup (according Kaczmarek et al. 2020). Sequences of four markers were obtained for the single specimen and three eggs: 18S rRNA, 28S rRNA, ITS-2, and COI (see Table 3). Homology comparison of the obtained sequences with GenBank records (5 th July 2025) indicated similarity to the genus Mesobiotus . Despite the fact that the single specimen and the eggs were collected in different locations (which though belongs to the same waterbody), they were considered conspecific because of the similarity of the COI gene sequences (uncorrected p -distances between the juvenile specimen and the eggs is 2.4%, which is within the limits of intraspecific variability for tardigrades). The range of uncorrected genetic p -distances for COI and ITS-2 sequences between the studied specimens and sequences of the genus Mesobiotus available in GenBank are presented in SM.05. Considering the significant genetic distance for the COI sequences from all known Mesobiotus species (the closest is Mesobiotus bockebodicus Atherton, Hulterström, Guidetti &amp; Jönsson, 2025 from Sweden; PQ365776; Atherton et al. 2025, p -distance is 19.8%), this is a new species of the genus Mesobiotus . This conclusion was supported by the results of the bPTP species delimitation (see SM.06).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C7F87E0FFC5E01DFF42B1C1BE79F90A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tumanov, Denis V.	Tumanov, Denis V. (2026): Set to its place: first DNA data on freshwater tardigrades of Sakhalin (Far East Russia) shed light on the phylogenetic position of Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibioidea). Zootaxa 5750 (1): 87-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4
4C7F87E0FFCAE01CFF42B153B81FFD62.text	4C7F87E0FFCAE01CFF42B153B81FFD62.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dactylobiotus R. O. Schuster 1980	<div><p>Genus Dactylobiotus R.O. Schuster, 1980 (in Schuster et al. 1980)</p><p>Dactylobiotus cf. dervizi Biserov, 1998 (Fig. 7). Location 5, five eggs. During processing of 3 eggs, initially fixed in RNA later ™ in ddH 2 O, three juvenile specimens hatched from the eggs. All of them were processed to the extraction of DNA and then mounted on slides. Morphology of these specimens and eggs perfectly conforms to the description of D. dervizi from Komandorskiye Islands (Biserov 1998). Egg shell with numerous irregularly distributed small pores not only on the egg surface between processes, but also on the process bases, forming wide band. This character was not mentioned in the original description, but the band of the pores is well visible in the original SEM photos (figures 13–14 in Biserov 1998) and in the reinvestigated type material eggs. There are two differences from the original description of D. dervizi: the presence of eyes in my material, while D. dervizi have no eyes according to Biserov (1998), and less frequent processes with branching apexes. However, it should be noted that Biserov extracted the specimens of the type series from a dried soil moss cushion. As far as it is known, species of the genus Dactylobiotus inhabit freshwater biotopes and occur in the semiterrestrial habitats only by occasion as they cannot undergo anhydrobiosis (Nelson et al. 2018). Thus, it is highly possible that the original description was based dead specimens, in which eyes may have degraded. Taking into account that Biserov (1998) analysed a small number of specimens in the original description (5 adult animals), I have not found any adult animals in my material, and given the unknown extent of intra-specific variability the presence/absence of eyes in Eutardigrada, as well as the considerable variability of egg shall characters in Dactylobiotus (Camarda et al. 2025), my material should be only tentatively attributed as Dactylobiotus cf. dervizi . An integrative redescription of the species from Komandorskiye Islands is needed to allow comparisons with similar Dactylobiotus species from other localities (also via DNA barcoding), including the present record.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C7F87E0FFCAE01CFF42B153B81FFD62	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tumanov, Denis V.	Tumanov, Denis V. (2026): Set to its place: first DNA data on freshwater tardigrades of Sakhalin (Far East Russia) shed light on the phylogenetic position of Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibioidea). Zootaxa 5750 (1): 87-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4
4C7F87E0FFCBE01FFF42B15CB9E9FE26.text	4C7F87E0FFCBE01FFF42B15CB9E9FE26.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Murrayon Bertolani & Pilato 1988	<div><p>Genus Murrayon Bertolani &amp; Pilato, 1988</p><p>Murrayon cf. hastatus (Murray, 1907) (Fig. 8). Location 5, five eggs. The morphology of the eggs presented in the SEM images (Fig. 8A, B) is in concordance with the SEM observations of M. hastatus eggs collected in North-West Russia (Fig. 8C, D). Egg shell processes do not form continuous layer on the egg surface, but are arranged in meshes, consisted of 4–6 processes, connected with their lateral sides, with a deep pit in centre of each mesh. Eggs from Sakhalin differs from eggs of M. hastatus from North-West Russia in having no filamentous appendages on the top of each egg shell process, well developed in the eggs of M. hastatus . This can be an evidence for the presence of a new species of this group in the fauna of Sakhalin, but the presence or absence of such appendages is a variable character within the European populations of M. hastatus . Taking into account genetic variability between M. hastatus populations in European Russia (Tumanov, unpublished data), this morphospecies is likely a group of cryptic or pseudocryptic species waiting for a revision.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4C7F87E0FFCBE01FFF42B15CB9E9FE26	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Tumanov, Denis V.	Tumanov, Denis V. (2026): Set to its place: first DNA data on freshwater tardigrades of Sakhalin (Far East Russia) shed light on the phylogenetic position of Mixibius (Eutardigrada: Hypsibioidea). Zootaxa 5750 (1): 87-108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5750.1.4
