taxonID	type	description	language	source
481D87B3FFBBFFCDFF04F6DEFEAFF977.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — THAILAND. Loei, Phu Kradueng, Phanok Khao, 750 m elev., 20 February 2019, Leeratiwong & Chalermglin 19 - 1421 (holotype: PSU; isotypes BKF, PSU, QBG). The new species is similar to Alphonsea siamensis Kessler (1995: 100) in its vegetative features but differs in having sepals 3.0 – 4.0 mm long, petals 13 – 20 mm long, 25 – 35 stamens per flower and only sparsely to moderately pubescent monocarps usually 4.5 – 10.0 cm long. In contrast, A. siamensis has sepals 1.2 – 2.0 mm long, petals 10 – 15 mm long, 15 – 22 stamens per flower and densely pubescent monocarps 1.5 – 4.0 cm long. Trees 6 – 10 m tall, bark grey to greyish brown, twigs sparsely lenticellate, glabrous or sparsely covered with reddish brown appressed hairs when young, later glabrous. Leaves with petioles 3 – 6 mm long, sparsely brown-pubescent, transversely densely striate, blade elliptic, lanceolate, lanceolate-elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 7 – 13 × 3 – 5 cm, apex acute to acuminate, the acumen 3 – 10 mm long, base cuneate or slightly cordate, margins revolute, lamina shiny, glabrous on adaxial surface, glabrous except for sparse, long, brown appressed pubescence on midrib and abaxial margins, primary veins slightly raised above and below, secondary veins 7 – 12 per side, tertiary veins reticulate, distinct on both surfaces. Inflorescences 1 – 3 - flowered, extra-axillary or leaf-opposed, peduncle 1.5 – 3.0 mm long, pedicels 5 – 8 mm long, each bearing an ovate bract near to the base, 2.5 – 3.0 × 2.5 – 3.0 mm, pubescent outside and glabrous inside, buds broadly conical. Sepals 3, brownish green, connate basally, broadly ovate, 3.0 – 4.0 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm, apex obtuse, reflexed, hairy outside, glabrous inside. Petals 6 in two whorls, outer petals greenish yellow or yellow in vivo, black in sicco, triangular-ovate or ovate, 13 – 17 × 6 – 10 mm, apex obtuse, hairy on both sides except glabrous at base inside, inner petals greenish yellow to pale whitish yellow in vivo, black in sicco, ovate-triangular or triangular-elliptic, 14.0 – 20.0 × 6.0 – 9.5 mm, apex obtuse to acute, hairy outside, glabrous to sparsely hairy at apex inside. Stamens 25 – 35, ovate to elliptic, 0.8 – 1.5 mm long, extrorse, connective apex apiculate. Carpels 3 – 5, ovary ellipsoid-oblongoid or oblongoid, 3 – 4 mm long, pubescent; stigma U-shaped, 0.5 – 0.8 mm long. Torus conical. Fruits of 3 – 4 monocarps, green in vivo when young, colour at maturity unknown, black in sicco cylindrical to ellipsoid, 4.5 – 10.0 × 2.0 – 3.5 cm, apex rounded, smooth, sparsely to moderately brown pubescent, with a longitudinal groove abaxially, sometimes constricted between seeds, pedicel 1 – 4 cm long, stipe 3 – 8 mm long. Seeds 5 – 16 per monocarp, attached laterally in two rows, ellipsoidreniform, 1.5 – 2.0 × 0.5 – 1.0 cm, brown, smooth with plate-like endosperm ruminations.	en	Leeratiwong, Charan, Chalermglin, Piya, Johnson, David M. (2020): Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand. Phytotaxa 429 (3): 225-232, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4
481D87B3FFBBFFCDFF04F6DEFEAFF977.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — Endemic to Thailand in the northern, northeastern, eastern and central regions, occurring in dry evergreen forest on foothills to higher areas on limestone and in dry dipterocarp forest on granite, 40 – 750 m elevation. Phenology: — Flowering from December – August, fruiting from February – October. Local Names: — Luk khu, tam yao phon yao khao hin poon (Thai).	en	Leeratiwong, Charan, Chalermglin, Piya, Johnson, David M. (2020): Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand. Phytotaxa 429 (3): 225-232, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4
481D87B3FFBBFFCDFF04F6DEFEAFF977.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — In reference to the long monocarps of the fruit. IUCN Conservation Status: — Provisional status considered to be least concern (LC) according to IUCN (2012). This species is not under immediate threat because of its wide distribution and existence in well-protected habitats. Additional specimens examined: — THAILAND. Chiang Mai: Chiang Dao, ca. 500 m elev., 7 June 1973, Geesink et al. 5768 (BKF, L). Loei: Phu Kradueng, Pha Nok Khao, 700 m elev., 20 Feb. 2019, Leeratiwong & Chalermglin 19 - 1934 (PSU); Phu Kradueng, Pha Nok Khao, 750 m elev., 20 February 2019, Leeratiwong & Chalermglin 19 - 1421 (BKF, PSU, QBG), Leeratiwong & Chalermglin 19 - 1435 (PSU), Leeratiwong & Chalermglin 19 - 1436 (PSU); Wang Sa Phung, ca. 300 m elev., 17 March 1924, Kerr 8769 (AAU, BK, L, K); Wang Sa Phung, 370 m elev., 21 February 2019, Leeratiwong & Chalermglin 19 - 1437 (PSU). Khon Kaen: Phu Pha Man National Park, 310 m elev., 17 Nov. 1979, Shimizu et al. T- 23229 (BKF); Phu Pha Man National Park, 18 February 2008, Norsaengsri & Lakoet 3456 (QBG); Phu Pha Man National Park, 20 February 2008, Norsaengsri & Lakoet 3456 (QBG); Phu Pha Man National Park, Pha Nok Khao, 508.2 m, 12 January 2010, Norsaengsri et al. 0013 (QBG); Phu Pha Man National Park, Pha Nok Khao, 298.8 m, 11 May 2010, Norsaengsri & Thongsorn 6644 (QBG); Phu Pha Man National Park, Pha Nok Khao, 682 m, 15 August 2012, Norsaengsri et al. 9932 (QBG); Phu Pha Man National Park, Pha Phuang cave, 292.5 m, 18 February 2008, Norsaengsri & Lakoet 3424 (QBG, SING); Phu Pha Man National Park, Pha Phuang cave, 270 m, 13 May 2009, Norsaengsri 5462 (QBG), Norsaengsri 5463 (QBG). Nakhon Ratchasima: Pak Thong Chai, 15 February 1976, Sutheesorn 3675 (BK). Lop Buri: Chaibadan, 50 m, 15 December 1923, Kerr 7983 (K). Saraburi: Maenam Sakca. 40 m, 3 June 1923, Kerr 7046 (BK). Notes: — Alphonsea longicarpa is characterized by mostly long cylindrical to ellipsoid monocarps (the longest monocarp in Thailand, to 10 cm long). This species may be confused with A. siamensis but can be separated by several characters (Table 1).	en	Leeratiwong, Charan, Chalermglin, Piya, Johnson, David M. (2020): Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand. Phytotaxa 429 (3): 225-232, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4
481D87B3FFB8FFC8FF04F4B6FB70F8EA.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — THAILAND. Bueng Kan, Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, 200 m elev., 3 May 2002, Pooma et al. 3418 (holotype: BKF!; isotype: L!). The species is distinct from most other Thai Alphonsea species by having the inside of the outer petals more densely hairy on the inner surface than on the outer. Trees 4 – 15 m tall, bark brown, twigs lenticellate, glabrous or with sparse, brownish appressed hairs when young, later glabrous. Leaves with petioles 3 – 10 mm long, glabrous to sparsely hairy; blade elliptic, oblong, lanceolate-elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 6.0 – 20.0 × 2.5 – 7.5 cm, apex acuminate or acute, the acumen 5 – 20 mm long, base cuneate, margins revolute, lamina shiny, glabrous on adaxial surface, glabrous except for occasional sparse hairs on midrib abaxially, primary vein sunken above, raised below, secondary veins 8 – 14 veins per side, tertiary veins reticulate, distinct on both surfaces. Inflorescences 1 – 3 - flowered, extra-axillary or rarely leaf-opposed, peduncle 5 – 10 mm long, pedicels 7 – 15 mm long, brown pubescent, with an ovate bract near the base, 0.8 – 1.5 × 0.8 – 1.5 mm, pubescent outside and glabrous inside, buds conical. Sepals 3, brownish green, connate at base, ovate, 1.5 – 2.0 × 1.5 – 2.5 mm, apex obtuse, reflexed, sparsely pubescent outside, densely pubescent inside. Petals 6 in two whorls, outer petals creamy white to whitish yellow in vivo, brown in sicco, triangular-ovate, 6 – 10 × 4 – 6 mm, apex obtuse, pubescent on both sides, but inside denser than outside, inner petals creamy white to whitish yellow in vivo, brown in sicco, triangular-elliptic, 7.0 – 12.0 × 3.5 – 5.5 mm, apex acute to obtuse, pubescent outside, glabrous to pubescent at margin and apex inside. Stamens 25 – 30, ovate, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 0.8 – 1.5 mm long, connective apex apiculate. Carpels 3 – 4 per flower, ovary oblong, 2 – 3 mm long, pubescent, stigma U-shaped, 0.2 – 0.3 mm long. Torus conical. Fruits consisting of 2 – 4 monocarps, greyish green in vivo when young, colour at maturity unknown, brown in sicco, ovoid, ellipsoid or cylindrical-ellipsoid, 0.8 – 2.0 × 0.7 – 1.0 cm, apex mucronate, smooth, sparsely covered with brown hairs or glabrous, with a longitudinal groove on abaxial side, constricted between seeds in dry monocarps, pedicel of fruit 2.5 – 3.0 cm long, stipes 1.5 – 3.0 mm long. Seeds unknown.	en	Leeratiwong, Charan, Chalermglin, Piya, Johnson, David M. (2020): Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand. Phytotaxa 429 (3): 225-232, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4
481D87B3FFB8FFC8FF04F4B6FB70F8EA.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Ecology: — Endemic to northeastern Thailand, in dry evergreen forest, 200 – 250 m elev. Phenology: — Flowering February – August, fruiting May – August. Local Name: — Tam yao phu wua (Thai).	en	Leeratiwong, Charan, Chalermglin, Piya, Johnson, David M. (2020): Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand. Phytotaxa 429 (3): 225-232, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4
481D87B3FFB8FFC8FF04F4B6FB70F8EA.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The species name refers to the type locality of the species. IUCN conservation status: — The species is only found in dry evergreen forest in Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, Bueng Kan Province, and has a small population with only a few individuals. We assess it here as data deficient (DD) (IUCN 2012) due to inadequacy of the distribution information; a further assessment is necessary when more data are available. Additional specimens examined: — THAILAND. Bueng Kan: Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, 250 m, 7 May 1997, Pooma 1581 (BKF); Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, 200 m, 27 August 2001, Pooma et al. 2818 (BKF, L); Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, 200 m, 3 May 2002, Pooma et al. 3410 (BKF, L), Pooma et al. 3418 (BKF, L); Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, 2002, Pooma 3402 (L); Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, ca. 250 m, 15 June 2004, Wongprasert et al. 046 - 97 (BKF); Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, 220 m, 22 February 2019, Leeratiwong & Chalermglin 19 - 1422 (BKF, PSU). Notes: — Alphonsea phuwuaensis can be distinguished from most other members of the genus in Thailand by having hairs on both surfaces of outer petals and a denser indument on the inner surface. It also has 3 – 4 carpels and smooth monocarps with mucronate apex. This species is only known at present from Phu Wua Wildlife Sanctuary, Bueng Kan Province, and further survey in nearby areas is needed to determine its distribution.	en	Leeratiwong, Charan, Chalermglin, Piya, Johnson, David M. (2020): Two new species of Alphonsea (Annonaceae) from Thailand. Phytotaxa 429 (3): 225-232, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.429.3.4
