identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
415887C0FFC4FFABFF15FDCF57D4ACE7.text	415887C0FFC4FFABFF15FDCF57D4ACE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pauroaspis Tang 1995	<div><p>Genus  Pauroaspis Tang, 1995</p><p>Pauroaspis Tang in Tang &amp; Hao 1995: 326. Type species:  Asterolecanium ceriferum ceriferum Green by monotypy and original designation.</p><p>Generic diagnosis (adapted from Tang &amp; Hao 1995). Body elongate oval to nearly circular. Antennae small, one segmented, bearing both short and long setae. Labium without setae. Thoracic spiracles present. Dorsal tube situated at posterior end of abdomen. Anal lobes absent, apical setae degenerate. Anal apparatus reduced, anal tube short and small, anal ring without pores, with two short setae at most. Body margin with ventral rows of 8-shaped pores and quinquelocular pores, row of discoidal pores present or absent. Tubular ducts long, slender, densely distributed across dorsum, absent from posterior dorsum. Both large and minute 8-shaped pores present or absent, discoidal pores present. Ventral multilocular disc-pores often absent, if present then arranged in transverse rows across some abdominal segments near vulva, a few replaced by large quinquelocular pores. Dark-rimmed 8-shaped pores absent or distributed over venter of abdomen and near labium. Submarginal 8-shaped pores present or absent. Ventral tubular duct present or absent.</p><p>Remarks. The genera  Pauroaspis,  Bambusaspis Cockerell, 1902,  Forticauda Gavrilov-Zimin, 2019,  Hsuia Ferris, 1950,  Liuaspis Borchsenius, 1960 and  Wuelagatis, Jian &amp; Xing, 2022 are specifically parasitic on bamboo. The morphological differences between  Pauroaspis and the other five genera are summarized in Table 1.</p><p>Several of the six bamboo-feeding genera (Table 1) show reduced development of some morphological structures. The two genera with well-developed anal lobes ( Bambusaspis and  Hsuia) also exhibit a well-developed anal apparatus, including an anal ring with anal ring pores and 6 anal ring setae. In contrast, three of the four genera with reduced anal lobes ( Wuelagatis,  Liuaspis, and  Pauroaspis) have a reduced anal apparatus, including an anal ring with only 2 anal ring setae and no anal ring pores.  Forticauda has reduced anal lobes but possesses a unique anal conus, including an anal ring with 6 anal ring setae but no anal ring pores. Two of the three genera with dorsal tubes ( Bambusaspis and  Pauroaspis) each have a marginal row of 8-shaped pores; the third,  Hsuia, lacks this row. Conversely, two of the three genera without dorsal tubes ( Forticauda and  Wuelagatis) lack a marginal row of 8- shaped pores but the third,  Liuaspis, has marginal 8-shaped pores.</p><p>Key to adult females of  Pauroaspis species worldwide</p><p>1(0) Venter of abdomen with large quinquelocular or multilocular pores.............................................. 2</p><p>– Venter of abdomen without large quinquelocular or multilocular pores........................................... 4</p><p>2(1) Venter of abdomen with large quinquelocular pores.........................................  P. rutilant (Wu, 1983)</p><p>– Venter of abdomen with multilocular pores................................................................. 3</p><p>3(2) Venter with dark-rimmed 8-shaped pores, but without tubular ducts. Dorsum with minute 8-shaped pores..........................................................................................  P. chuanensis Li &amp; Wu,  sp. nov.</p><p>– Venter without dark-rimmed 8-shaped pores, but with submarginal band of minute tubular ducts. Dorsum without minute 8- shaped pores...............................................................  P. daedalea Gavrilov-Zimin, 2013</p><p>4(1) Dorsum with large 8-shaped pores........................................................................ 5</p><p>– Dorsum without large 8-shaped pores..................................................................... 6</p><p>5(4) Posterior abdomen sclerotized. Marginal 8-shaped pores present only on thorax, from near anterior spiracles to near posterior spiracles........................................................................  P. scirrosis (Russell, 1941)</p><p>– Posterior abdomen membranous. Marginal 8-shaped pores present from head to near apical setae....  P. elongata (Russell, 1941)</p><p>6(4) Dorsum without either large or minute 8-shaped pores.....................................  P. cerifera (Green, 1909)</p><p>– Dorsum with minute 8-shaped pores only; large 8-shaped pores absent........................................... 7</p><p>7(6) Row of marginal 8-shaped pores ends at posterior 1/5th of body, a long way from base of each apical seta............................................................................................  P. proboscidis (Russell, 1941)</p><p>– Row of marginal 8-shaped pores ends very close to base of each apical seta...................  P. simplex (Russell, 1941)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/415887C0FFC4FFABFF15FDCF57D4ACE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Li, Yu-Ang;Wang, Yizhe;Wu, San-An	Li, Yu-Ang, Wang, Yizhe, Wu, San-An (2025): A new species of Pauroaspis Tang (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Asterolecaniidae) from southwestern China, with a key to species worldwide. Zootaxa 5604 (2): 185-190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.8
415887C0FFC7FFABFF15FE9953C0AE44.text	415887C0FFC7FFABFF15FE9953C0AE44.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pauroaspis chuanensis Li & Wang & Wu 2025	<div><p>Pauroaspis chuanensis Li &amp; Wu,  sp. nov.</p><p>Material examined.   Holotype. Adult ♀, CHINA: Sichuan Province, / <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.9248&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.4975" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.9248/lat 28.4975)">Yibin City</a>, Changning County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.9248&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.4975" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.9248/lat 28.4975)">Zhuhai Town</a>, / 28.4975 N, 104.9248 E, 311 m, / on bamboo, / 6 November 2024, / coll. Yizhe Wang. Mounted with other 2 adult ♀♀ together on 1 slide (BFUC). The holotype specimen is marked with a black circle in permanent marker.</p><p>Paratypes: Same data as holotype, 2 ♀♀ mounted together with holotype on 1 slide; 2 ♀♀ mounted together on 1 slide; and 7 ♀♀ mounted together on 1 slide (BFUC) .</p><p>Adult female</p><p>Appearance in life (Fig. 1A–D). Body oval and purplish-red, enclosed in a thin and transparent test. Dorsal ridge absent; with dorsal filaments gathered in eight pairs of orange tufts, each tuft elongate and curving upward. Marginal filaments well developed, orange.</p><p>Slide-mounted material (n=12) (Fig. 2). Body subcircular or oval, but posterior of abdomen sharply narrowed, 1.0– 1.4 mm long and 0.9–1.0 mm wide. Antennae (Fig. 2A) each with 1 segment, 12–13 μm long and 10–11 μm wide, bearing 2 sensory setae, each 12–15 μm long, and 2 short setae, each about 3 μm long. Labium with 1 segment, without setae. Eyes and legs absent. Spiracles numbering two pairs on venter of thorax, sclerotized, each spiracular opening containing 5 or 6 quinquelocular pores (Fig. 2B). Each spiracular furrow between spiracle and margin containing 28–30 quinquelocular pores (Fig. 2B) irregularly arranged in 2 or 3 rows. A pair of dorsal tubes (Fig. 2C) present near posterior end of abdomen, each tube 16–18 μm long and about 6 μm wide. Anal lobes absent. Anal apparatus (Fig. 2D) about 20 μm long and 15 μm wide, with a sclerotized anal ring (Fig. 2E) located at inner end of anal tube, ring without pores but probably bearing 2 setae (in all specimens, setae lost during preparation so anal ring only has 2 setal sockets visible). Apical setae degenerate (Fig. 2D), each only 4–5 μm long.</p><p>Body margin with single row of ventral marginal 8-shaped pores (Fig. 2F), each 12–14 μm long and 7–9 μm wide, row ending just anterior to narrowing of posterior abdomen. Quinquelocular pores (Fig. 2B), each about 3 μm in diameter, present in 1 or 2 rows just mesad to row of marginal 8-shaped pores, along entire body margin; in narrowed posterior abdomen, spacing between adjacent quinquelocular pores wider. Each marginal 8-shaped pore associated with 4–6 quinquelocular pores.</p><p>Dorsum: Tubular ducts (Fig. 2G) elongate with swollen ends, each 26–32 μm long and 3–4 μm wide, scattered across dorsum but absent from narrowed posterior abdomen. 8-shaped pores of 3 sizes, present in groups, each group containing 1 or 2 large 8-shaped pores (Fig. 2H) each 21–22 μm long and 13–15 μm wide, and 6 smaller 8- shaped pores (Fig. 2I), each same size as a marginal 8-shaped pore. Each side with 8 or 9 groups of 8-shaped pores, and with 2 or 3 smaller 8-shaped pores between adjacent groups; smaller 8-shaped pores also arranged in 2 rows just anterior to narrowed posterior abdomen. Minute 8-shaped pores (Fig. 2J), each about 3 μm long and 2 μm wide, distributed across dorsum. Discoidal pores (Fig. 2K) very sparse, each about 2 μm in diameter.</p><p>Venter: With dark-rimmed 8-shaped pores, each about 4 μm long and 2 μm wide (Fig. 2L), forming a band in submargin; also with 8–10 pores on each side of mouthparts. Submarginal 8-shaped pores absent. Minute 8-shaped pores (Fig. 2J) forming a row just mesad to marginal quinquelocular pores. Multilocular pores (Fig. 2M) each about 5 μm in diameter and containing 10 loculi, present around vulva and forming 2 rows anterior to vulva and 1 row posterior to vulva, each row containing 5–9 pores. Sometimes a single multilocular pore present posterior to posteriormost row. Ventral setae each about 4 μm long, present between multilocular pores, in 3 rows with 4 setae per row. Discoidal pores (Fig. 2K) very sparse.</p><p>Etymology. The specific epithet  “ chuanensis ” is based on the commonly used abbreviation for Sichuan Province, “Chuan”, combined with the Latin suffix “ -ensis ”, indicating the place of origin.</p><p>Remarks.  Pauroaspis chuanensis sp. nov. is similar to  P. daedalea Gavrilov-Zimin, 2013 in possessing dorsal groups of 8-shaped pores and with the posterior abdomen sharply narrowed. However, it differs from  P. daedalea by possessing the following features (condition of  P. daedalea given in parentheses): (i) venter with dark-rimmed 8-shaped pores (without dark-rimmed 8-shaped pores on venter); (ii) ventral tubular ducts absent (minute tubular ducts present on venter, forming submarginal band); and (iii) minute 8-shaped pores present on dorsum (minute 8- shaped pores absent).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/415887C0FFC7FFABFF15FE9953C0AE44	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Li, Yu-Ang;Wang, Yizhe;Wu, San-An	Li, Yu-Ang, Wang, Yizhe, Wu, San-An (2025): A new species of Pauroaspis Tang (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Asterolecaniidae) from southwestern China, with a key to species worldwide. Zootaxa 5604 (2): 185-190, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.8, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.8
