identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
6EB85DCB9EE15D9E9473652B0DA9D11E.text	6EB85DCB9EE15D9E9473652B0DA9D11E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eucrate liui Ziming & Zhongli & Jiao & Wei 2026	<div><p>Eucrate liui sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6</p><p>Eucrate tripunctata — Castro and Ng 2010: 40 –45, fig. 12 D – F (in part). Non Eucrate tripunctata Campbell 1969 .</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype: China • 1 ♂, 16.5 × 13.5 mm; Aotou, Huizhou, Guangdong; 30 May 1976; leg. Sun Ruiping; MBM 167054 .</p><p>Paratypes: China • 1 ♂, 19.3 × 16.1 mm, Hengling Village, Weizhou Island, Beihai, Guangxi; 25 Apr. 2010; leg. Wang Haiyan et al; low tide zone; MBM 283322 • 1 ♂, 7.1 × 5.8 mm; Daoliao Village, Xinying, Hainan; 27 Nov. 2007; leg. Wang Yongliang; under rubble, green algae nearby, intertidal zone; MBM 283320 • 1 ♀, 12.1 × 10.2 mm; Linchang reef, Hainan; 12 Apr. 2008; leg. Wang Yongliang &amp; Li Changwen; under rubble, coral reef; MBM 283331 • 1 ♀, 12.1 × 9.8 mm, Linchang reef, Hainan; 11 Feb. 1992; MBM 167049 .</p><p>Comparative material.</p><p>Eucrate tripunctata Campbell, 1969 .</p><p>See the material examined of E. tripunctata .</p><p>Eucrate crenata (de Haan, 1835) .</p><p>China • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Dijiao wharf, Beihai, Guangxi; 11 Apr. 2010; leg. Jiang Wei; MBM 283302 • 1 ♂, 3 ♀; Yellow Sea; 15 Jul. 2010, leg. Jiang Wei et al.; MBM 281546 • 3 ♂; Dijiao wharf, Beihai, Guangxi; 11 Apr. 2010; leg. Jiang Wei; MBM 283312 • 1 ♀; Qingdao, Shandong; 3 Nov. 2019; leg. Yuan Ziming &amp; Meng Fei; MBM 287001.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Carapace smooth; dorsal surface flat, with distinct ridges behind front, before second and third anterolateral teeth, and parallel to posterolateral margin; anterior margin with three triangular lobes; outer orbital teeth triangular and prominent; front prominent, divided into two lobes by a deep notch, followed by a shallow groove, which bifurcates at anterior margin of mesogastric region; frontal lobes concave. Pereopod 5 propodus and dactylus flat. Male pleon slender, T-shaped, lateral margins of pl 6 straight. First gonopod of male slender, curving laterally, with bifid squamous denticles. Second gonopod of male small, slightly curving, subdistal with subtriangular lobe.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Carapace (Figs 1 A, 1 B, 2 A) trapezoidal, breadth about 1.22 times length; dorsal surface smooth, flat, with anterior slightly elevated, posterior flat, and regions indistinct; front divided into two lobes by a median notch; front lobes slightly concave, with shallow groove originating from frontal notch, bifurcating at anterior margin of mesogastric region; orbit shorter than front, separated from front by deep notch; dorsal orbital edge with double folds, ventral orbital edge sinuous, middle lobe obtusely triangular, ventral inner orbital angle slightly prominent, blunt. Eye peduncles short, subequal to cornea; cornea large, spherical. Antennal basis disto-laterally prolonged, filling orbital hiatus; antennal flagellum excluded from orbit, long, reaching second anterolateral tooth. Outer orbital teeth triangular; anterolateral border armed with three triangular teeth excluding outer orbital teeth; first tooth broad, with obtusely angled tip; second most prominent, with acutely angled tip; third similar to second but less prominent and posterior margin extending backward. Posterolateral margin slightly converging backwards, longer than anterolateral margin. Carapace dorsal surface with four distinct pairs of ridges: one pair behind front, parallel to front; two pairs of curved smooth transverse ridges before second and third anterolateral teeth, parallel to each other; one pair of long ridges with irregular fine granules, parallel to posterolateral margin. Shallow H-shaped groove present between gastric and cardiac regions.</p><p>Epistome (Fig. 1 C) with lobular posterior margin and lateral lobes sinuous, divided from median lobes by a fissure; median portion with two lobes divided by a deep fissure. Third maxillipeds (Fig. 1 C) completely covering buccal space; ischium subrectangular, with submedian longitudinal groove; merus subpentagonal, with anterolateral angle produced.</p><p>Thoracic sternum (Fig. 1 D) smooth, st 1, 2 fused, suture between st 2, 3 distinct, curved forward; suture between st 3 and 4 only present on lateral edges; st 4 broad; sterno-pleonal lock located on posterior of st 5; st 8 completely covered by abdomen in male.</p><p>Chelipeds (Fig. 1 E, F) nearly equal, right slightly larger than left, robust; merus armed with two tubercles and strong subterminal teeth; carpus with internal tooth, and inner anterior margin with short tomentum; palm smooth, with outer surface and carpus covered by similar short tomentum; shallow groove present close to ventral margin, parallel to ventral margin; dactylus longer than dorsal margin of palm; fingers with sharp tips, cutting edges with blunt teeth; base of dactylus with tuft of tomentum.</p><p>Ambulatory legs (Figs 1 A, 2 C) slender, smooth; margins of merus, propodus, and dactylus with setae; anterior margin of carpus with setae; dactylus slender, sharp; P 4 longest, P 3 and P 5 shortest, similar. P 5 (Fig. 2 C) merus sinuous, nearly reaching third anterolateral tooth when folded; propodus and dactylus flat, propodus short, wide, about twice as long as wide.</p><p>Male pleon (Figs 1 D, 2 B) slender, T-shaped; pl 1–3 wide, abruptly narrowing from pl 4; telson slender, tip sharp.</p><p>G 1 (Figs 2 D, 2 E, 3 A – C) slender, curving laterally, with bifid squamous denticles on distal third, tip opening ventral, teardrop-shaped. G 2 (Figs 2 F, 2 G, 3 G, 3 I) small, slightly curving, subdistal, with subtriangular lobe; margin of subdistal lobe divided into sharp, narrow setaceous lobes.</p><p>Live colouration.</p><p>This species shows significant variation in body colouration, which can be broadly divided into two types (Fig. 4). Type A (Figs 4 A, 4 B, 5): carapace orange-red to nearly black or dark violet; chelipeds white; ambulatory legs white, with orange-red rings. Type B (Fig. 4 C): carapace grey to brown, darker in gastric region, with white marbling; chelipeds white, with grey reticulation; ambulatory legs white, with grey rings. These colour variations may be attributed to individual growth stages or environmental factors within the habitat.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>The present specimens were collected from Guangdong (type locality), Guangxi, and Hainan, South China Sea, and were living under rubble in the intertidal zone with green algae and coral reefs. The species is also known from Singapore (Castro and Ng 2010).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>This species is named after the late Prof. Liu Ruiyu (J. Y. Liu), the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, for his significant contributions to Chinese marine science.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Eucrate liui sp. nov. is closely related to E. tripunctata in morphology but shows distinct differences in the following: carapace dorsal surface flat, with anterior only slightly elevated (Figs 1 B, 2 A) (dorsal surface arched and anterior part more elevated in E. tripunctata; Figs 7 B, 8 B, 9, 10); anterolateral teeth more prominent and sharp, with outer orbital tooth triangular and well developed (Figs 1 B, 2 A) (anterolateral tooth not so prominent, blunter, the outer orbital teeth low and inclined forward, with outer margin round in E. tripunctata; Figs 7 B, 8 B, 9, 10); front more prominent, divided into two lobes by a distinct middle notch, with a shallow bifurcating groove at anterior margin of mesogastric region and frontal lobes concave (Figs 1 B, 2 A) (front not prominent, only with a slight indentation at middle, without a groove, and frontal lobe margin nearly straight in E. tripunctata; Figs 7 B, 8 B, 9, 10); carapace with distinct ridges present behind front, before second and third anterolateral teeth, and parallel to posterolateral margin (Figs 1 B, 2 A) (carapace without ridges, or only with very faint ridges behind front and before 3 rd anterolateral teeth on small specimens in E. tripunctata; Figs 7 B, 8 B, 9, 10); telson and pl 6 wider, lateral margin of pl 6 nearly straight (Figs 1 D, 2 B) (telson and pl 6 slender, lateral margin of pl 6 concave in E. tripunctata; Figs 7 D, 8 D). Furthermore, the two species exhibit distinct differences in body colouration (Figs 4, 5, 10). Subtle variations are also discernible in the G 1 structures between the two species: in E. liui, the G 1 is shorter with a relatively uniform thickness, features a larger, ventrally oriented, teardrop-shaped tip opening, and has proportionally larger denticles (Figs 2 D, 2 E, 3 A – C). This stands in contrast to the G 1 structure in E. tripunctata, which is slender, narrows abruptly on its basal third, has a smaller, upward-oriented tip opening that is not visible ventrally, and possesses proportionally smaller denticles (Fig. 3 D – F).</p><p>Considering that the present specimens are consistently smaller than those of E. tripunctata, size-matched comparisons are important. Fortunately, within the type series of E. tripunctata, we were able to locate three smaller female individuals that are only marginally larger than the new species. Although they exhibit more pronounced and sharper anterolateral teeth than larger individuals, these smaller specimens can still be differentiated from the new species by their frontal characteristics, the absence of a groove, low-lying outer orbital teeth, dorsal convexity, and the indistinct carapace ridges.</p><p>Based on the available data, the new species appears to be of a significantly smaller than E. tripunctata, making it prone to confusion with the juvenile crabs of the latter. Part of the E. tripunctata material from Singapore examined by Castro and Ng (2010) should be referred to the present new species based on their highly similar morphology and living colouration.</p><p>Eucrate liui sp. nov. is also similar to E. crenata (de Haan, 1835), but it can be easily distinguished by the following: three triangular anterolateral teeth, the first slightly broader, the third similar to the second (Figs 1 B, 2 A) (in E. crenata, the first tooth distinctly low and broad, with a wider gap between the second and third teeth, the third tooth smaller than the second); carapace with ridges (Figs 1 B, 2 A) (carapace without obvious ridges in E. crenata); cheliped carpus with short tomentum on inner anterior margin (Fig. 1 A) (cheliped carpus with short tomentum on outer anterior margin in E. crenata); P 5 propodus short and wide (Fig. 2 C) (P 5 propodus slender in E. crenata).</p><p>The pattern of phylogenetic relationships among all studied Eucrate species was identical across the analytical methods (Fig. 6). All individuals of the same Eucrate species grouped into a single cluster with high support values (100 / 100 for all three species), and E. liui sp. nov. was clustered with E. tripunctata (90 / 90), which is in accordance with the morphological investigations. In addition, the COI sequence divergences between the three Eucrate species were higher than 8 % (Table 2). This divergence level exceeded the COI barcoding threshold applied to alpheid shrimps (Knowlton and Weigt 1998) and mantis shrimps (Barber and Boyce 2006). Both morphological and molecular evidence support the new species.</p><p>Considering the existence of some unresolved specimens in the genus Eucrate, we discuss the dubious specimens that resemble the new species to facilitate future examination. Campbell (1969) attributed the specimens from the Mergui Archipelago, initially identified as E. affinis (a synonym of Trissoplax dentata (Stimpson, 1858)) by de Man (1887), to E. tripunctata, as well as a single specimen of the same collection identified as Eucrate crenata var. affinis by Alcock (1900). However, Castro and Ng (2010) argued that these specimens should not be classified as E. tripunctata, primarily due to the sharp anterolateral teeth and shorter telson. The description provided by de Man (1887) is similar to the new species; however, there are minor discrepancies, notably in de Man’s figure, where the carpus appears more inflated. The Pakistan specimens identified as E. sulcatifrons (a synonym of Eucrate crenata (de Haan, 1835)) by Tirmizi and Ghani (Tirmizi and Ghani 1982, 1996) are also similar to the present species in morphological characteristics and living colouration, except for a minor difference in the G 1 structure. In the figures provided by Tirmizi and Ghani (Tirmizi and Ghani 1982, 1996), the apical opening of the G 1 is shown as not inclined, in contrast to the present specimens, where this opening is inclined toward the abdomen, forming a teardrop shape. Due to these observed differences, additional scrutiny of this material is advised to accurately determine its taxonomic status.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6EB85DCB9EE15D9E9473652B0DA9D11E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ziming, Yuan;Zhongli, Sha;Jiao, Cheng;Wei, Jiang	Ziming, Yuan, Zhongli, Sha, Jiao, Cheng, Wei, Jiang (2026): Eucrate liui sp. nov. (Crustacea, Brachyura, Euryplacidae), a new crab species from the South China Sea, with the first record of Eucrate tripunctata in the region. ZooKeys 1284: 185-204, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.193896
934DA35C8ED25C99B70CD21D10DBBD29.text	934DA35C8ED25C99B70CD21D10DBBD29.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Eucrate tripunctata Campbell 1969	<div><p>Eucrate tripunctata Campbell, 1969</p><p>Figs 7, 8, 9, 10, 11</p><p>Eucrate tripunctata Campbell 1969: 119 (in key), 127, figs 2, 4 — Guinot 1971: 1080 (in list); Davie 2002: 199 (in list); Ng et al. 2008: 78 (in list); Castro and Ng 2010: 40 –45, fig. 12 A – C (in part).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>Holotype: Australia • 1 ♂, 34.4 × 25.6 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; 26 May. 1944; leg. V. F. Collin; W 3034 .</p><p>Paratypes: Australia • 3 ♀, 26.0–29.7 × 23.8– 20.6 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; W 3034 • 1 ♀, 44.0 × 32.4 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; 5 Jun. 1932; W 384 • 1 ♂, 33.6 × 21.2 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; leg. V. F. Collin; W 1070 . 1 ♀, 46.4 × 37.6 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; 15 Jan. 1941; leg. V. F. Collin; W 1190 • 1 ♂, 34.6 × 25.1 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; leg. V. F. Collin; W 1496 • 1 ♀, 24.8 × 18.4 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; W 1541 . 1 ♀, 19.8 × 15.8 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; 12 Oct. 1942; leg. V. F. Collin; W 3029 • 1 ♀, 24.9 × 19.1 mm; Mud I., Moreton Bay, Queensland; 12 Oct. 1942; leg. V. F. Collin; W 3030 .</p><p>Other specimens.</p><p>China • 1 ♀, 31.0 × 24.3 mm; Dijiao wharf, Beihai, Guangxi; 11 Apr. 2010, leg. Jiang Wei; MBM 283307 • 1 ♂, 45.5 × 36.0 mm; Dijiao wharf, Beihai, Guangxi; 11 Apr. 2010; leg. Jiang Wei; MBM 283306 • 1 ♂, 42.7 × 34.2 mm; Dijiao wharf, Beihai, Guangxi; 12 Apr. 2010; leg. Jiang Wei; MBM 283301 • 1 ♀, 50.7 × 39.3 mm; Dijiao wharf, Beihai, Guangxi; 11 Apr. 2010; leg. Jiang Wei; MBM 283303 • 1 ♂, 31.3 × 25.0 mm; Dapeng, Shenzhen, Guangdong; 6–10 m; Sep. 2021; MBM 287002 • 1 ♂, 36.0 × 28.1 mm; Dapeng, Shenzhen, Guangdong; 6–10 m; Sep. 2021; MBM 287003 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Carapace smooth, with dorsal surface arched and anterior part elevated, without distinct groove or ridge; anterior margin with three round lobes; outer orbital teeth low and inclined forward; outer margin round (Figs 7 A, 7 B, 8 A, 8 B, 9–11); front not prominent, divided into two lobes by a fine fissure, appearing almost intact on dorsal view, frontal margin straight. P 5 propodus and dactylus flat (Figs 7 A, 11); male pleon slender, T-shaped, lateral margins of pl 6 concave (Figs 7 D, 8 D). G 1 slender, elongate, curving laterally, straight along median portion, narrowed abruptly at the basal 1 / 3, with bifid squamous denticles (Fig. 3 D – F). G 2 small, slightly curving, subdistal with round lobe (Fig. 3 H, J). In life, carapace pale cream to orange-red, darker in anterior 2 / 3; chelipeds with dense orange-red spots; ambulatory legs orange-red, base white (Fig. 11). See Campbell (1969) and Castro and Ng (2010).</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Guangxi, Guangdong, South China Sea; Gulf of Thailand, Singapore, Queensland (type locality).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>This species is reported for the first time from Chinese waters. The current material is consistent with the type specimens from Australia and the descriptions of Castro and Ng (2010).</p><p>In the original description by Campbell (1969), the species was noted to have three large red spots on the dorsal surface of faded alcohol specimens, consisting of one large oval central spot and two smaller lateral spots. However, these spots have not been observed in either fresh or alcohol-preserved Chinese specimens. The Australian type series is now almost completely faded, with only a few specimens still showing a demarcation line between the anterior and posterior portions of the carapace. Most specimens show no noticeable traces of pigmented spots that match the description (Figs 8, 9, 10). The only exception is a small paratype, W 1541 (Fig. 10 B), in which three darker colour patches are found above and on both sides of the H-shaped groove in the mesogastric region. In the fresh adult specimens examined in this study (Fig. 11), these colour patches correspond to the following structures: a rectangular colour patch in the center, flanked on either side by roughly circular small colour patches. However, the boundaries of these colour patches in the adults are less distinct, making it difficult to refer to them as “ three spots ”. Further examination of additional specimens is necessary to definitively establish the colouration characteristics of this species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/934DA35C8ED25C99B70CD21D10DBBD29	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Ziming, Yuan;Zhongli, Sha;Jiao, Cheng;Wei, Jiang	Ziming, Yuan, Zhongli, Sha, Jiao, Cheng, Wei, Jiang (2026): Eucrate liui sp. nov. (Crustacea, Brachyura, Euryplacidae), a new crab species from the South China Sea, with the first record of Eucrate tripunctata in the region. ZooKeys 1284: 185-204, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1284.193896
