taxonID	type	description	language	source
344E87BF602E2741FF1EE6C6FA00A0C3.taxon	description	(Figs 1 A – C, 2 – 3) Larval descriptions or illustrations of Cheilomenes sexmaculata: Ślipiński 2007: 170, Yu 2010: 48, Poorani 2023: 72. Fourth instar larva (Figs 2 A – B, 2 E, 3). Length 6.7 – 7.3 mm; width at metathorax 2.3 – 2.4 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical and tapered, with black senti and yellow spots (Figs 2 A – B). Head: black, nearly round. Epicranial stem absent; frontal arms inverted omega-shaped (Fig. 3 A), do not reach antennae; they appear to be separated at bases. Three hemispherical stemmata dark, arranged in a triangle, near at the base of antenna. Antenna with 3 antennomeres; antennomere 1 wider than and as short as antennomere 2; antennomere 3 with preapical setae and sensilla (Fig. 3 B). Labrum with setae (Fig. 3 C). Mandible well-sclerotized with two apical teeth (Fig. 3 D). Maxilla with mala brush-shaped, with two long setae and a pair of papillae at the apex in ventral side (Fig. 3 F). Maxillary palp with two setae in palpomere 2, and apex with sensilla (Fig. 3 H). Labium with spare and thin setae, labial palpi with two palpomeres, bearing setae and small stout sensilla at apex (Figs 3 G, 3 I). Thorax. Pronotum black, with two semi-oval dorsal plates, separated by a narrow band and embrace yellow stripes in lateral margins (Figs 2 A – B). Each lateral and posterior margins of plates with a black sentus; nearly 28 setae in external margin; central margin of plates without sentus, only with short setae (Figs 2 A – B). Mesonotum and metanotum plates black, with yellow spots in central surface (Figs 2 A – B). Lateral margins of plates with black sentus, and a yellow sentus in central surface of plates (Figs 2 A – B). Lateral margins of mesonotum each with a yellow parascolus bearing 1 to 3 branches, without seta (Figs 2 A – B). A pair of circular spiracles with lamellae at the opening in anterolateral part of mesonotum (Fig. 2 B). Metanotum laterally each with a yellow parascolus bearing 1 to 3 branches, and three short setae (Figs 2 A – B). Legs black, long, with setae; ventral part with a bristle brush near the tarsal claw, and row of external setae in the tibia; tarsal claw with a subquadrate basal tooth and dense setae around the tooth (Fig. 3 E). Abdomen with nine segments (Fig. 2 E). Segment S 1 to S 8 with a pair of anterolateral spiracles similar to those of the mesothorax (Fig. 2 E). Segment S 1 dark brown to black, and tan semi-circular spots in the basal dorsal projections, dorsolateral and lateral parts yellow, with three pairs of yellow senti in dorsal, dorsolateral and lateral parts (Figs 2 A – B, 2 E). Segment S 2 and S 3 dark brown, brown in central surface, lateral parts yellow, with two pairs of black senti in dorsal and dorsolateral plates, and a pair of yellow senti in lateral areas (Figs 2 A – B, 2 E). The color and the location of projection of S 4 are similar to those of S 1 (Figs 2 A – B, 2 E). Segment S 5 and S 6 dark brown, yellow in central surface and lateral parts, with two pairs of black senti in dorsal and dorsolateral plates, and a pair of yellow parascoli in lateral areas (Figs 2 A – B, 2 E). Segment S 7 and S 8 dark brown, yellow in central surface and between dorsal and dorsolateral plates, lateral parts yellow, with a pair of black senti in dorsal plates, a pair of black parascoli in dorsolateral plates, and a pair of yellow strumae in lateral areas. Segment S 9 dark brown with nearly 20 setae (Figs 2 A – B, 2 E). Pupa (Figs 2 C – D). Length 3.9 – 4.0 mm; width 2.0 – 2.9 mm. Body oval, convex, with extremely short setae. Thorax: pronotum yellow, posterior regions black; mesonotum pink, black border in lateral regions with black stripes connected with meso- and metanotum on each side; metanotum pink, with two large and two small black spots. Abdomen: seven visible segments. S 1 pink. Segment S 2 – S 6 pink, with a pair of round and black spots on each side.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF602E2741FF1EE6C6FA00A0C3.taxon	discussion	Notes. Ślipiński (2007) provided concise description of the larval stage of this species under the name Menochilus sexpunctatus. Subsequently, Yu (2010) presented illustrations of immature stages for this species. Poorani (2023) contributed comprehensive illustrations of this species accompanied by brief descriptions of its immature stages.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF60282743FF1EE105FACFA1C0.taxon	description	(Figs 1 K – M, 4 – 5) Larval descriptions or illustrations of Coelophora biplagiata: Kamiya 1965: 85, Sasaji 1968: 121. Fourth instar larva (Figs 4 A – B, 4 E, 5). Length 12.0 mm; width 3.9 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical and tapered, with parascoli and chalazae, black and yellow color (Figs 4 A – B). Head: black, tapered. Epicranial stem absent; frontal arms inverted omega-shaped, do not reach antenna (Fig. 5 A). Three hemispherical stemmata dark, arranged in a triangle, near the base of antenna. Antenna with 3 antennomeres; antennomere 3 with preapical setae and sensilla (Fig. 5 B). Labrum with setae and brown curves on each side, posterior margin V-shaped (Fig. 5 C). Mandible with two apical teeth (Fig. 5 D). Maxilla with mala trapezoidal, rounded at apex, with spare long curved setae and outer margin with thin and short setae in ventral side (Fig. 5 F). Maxillary palp with three palpomeres (Fig. 5 H). Labium with setae in ventral side, posterior margin with numerous short setae, labial palpi with three palpomeres (Figs 5 G, 5 I). Thorax. Pronotum with two black dorsal plates, semi-oval and sclerotized, separated by a narrow band and posterior marginal areas without projection, only with dense short setae (Figs 4 A – B). Mesonotum yellow and black, with dense short setae; black plates with semi-circular outer margins and trapezoid inner margins; lateral margins with black strumae (Figs 4 A – B). Metanotum yellow and black, with dense short setae; black plates with semi-circular outer margins and trapezoid inner margins; laterally with yellow strumae (Figs 4 A – B). Legs black, with setae; ventral part with a seta brush near the tarsal claw, and row of external setae in the tibia; tarsal claw with a square small basal tooth and dense setae around the tooth (Fig. 5 E). Abdomen with nine segments (Fig. 4 E). Segment S 1 to S 8 with a pair of anterolateral spiracles similar to those of the mesothorax (Fig. 4 E). Segment S 1 yellow in dorsolateral and lateral areas and dark brown elsewhere, with a yellowish white spot in central part; dorsal plates with black parascoli; dorsolateral and lateral areas with yellow parascoli (Figs 4 A – B, 4 E). Segment S 2 and S 3 dark brown, with three pairs of black parascoli in dorsal, dorsolateral and lateral areas (Figs 4 A – B, 4 E). Segment S 4 yellow, and black in dorsolateral regions; dorsal and lateral areas with two pair of yellow parascoli; dorsolateral plates with a pair of black parascoli. Segment S 5 and S 6 black and yellow; dorsal and dorsolateral plates with two pairs of black parascoli; laterally with a pair of yellow strumae (Figs 4 A – B, 4 E). Segment S 7 chequered with black and yellow, with a yellow stripe in posterior margin; dorsal and dorsolateral plates with two pairs of black parascoli; lateral areas with a pair of black strumae (Figs 4 A – B, 4 E). Segment S 8 black, with yellow strumae in dorsal, dorsolateral and lateral areas (Figs 4 A – B, 4 E). Segment S 9 black with nearly 20 setae (Figs 4 A – B, 4 E). Pupa (Figs 4 C – D). Length 6.2 mm; width 4.8 mm. Yellowish brown with black spots. Body oval, convex and truncate in the anterior region. Pronotum with two black spots in anterior part. Mesonotum with a pair of spots in lateral margins. Metanotum with a pair of black spots connected to mesonotum. Abdomen with seven visible segments. Segment S 1 and S 2 yellowish brown without black spot. Segment S 3 and S 4 with a pair of black spots. Segment S 5 to S 7 yellowish brown without black spot.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF60282743FF1EE105FACFA1C0.taxon	discussion	Notes. Yu (2010) provided illustrations of the larval and pupal stages of this species under the name Lemnia biplagiata (Swartz). Additionally, Kamiya (1965) outlined the general characteristics of various Coccinellidae tribes including Lemnia biplagiata (Swartz) as an example, though no specific description was provided.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF602B274CFF1EE68EFA06A781.taxon	description	(Figs 1 D – F, 6 – 7) Larval descriptions or illustrations of Harmonia dimidiata: Sasaji 1977: 2, Singh & Phaloura 1990: 89, Phaloura & Singh 1991, Poorani 2023: 126. Fourth instar larva (Figs 6 A – B, 6 E, 7). Length 6.1 – 6.8 mm; width 3.0 – 3.3 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical and tapered, with parascoli and chalazae, black and yellow color (Figs 6 A – B). Head: black, tapered. Epicranial stem absent; frontal arms inverted omega-shaped (Fig. 7 A), do not reach antennae. Three hemispherical stemmata dark, arranged in a triangle, near at the base of antenna (Fig. 7 A). Antenna with 3 antennomeres; antennomere 3 with preapical setae and sensilla (Fig. 7 B). Labrum nearly square, bended at two sides, with setae (Fig. 7 C). Mandible with two apical teeth (Fig. 7 D). Maxilla with mala trapezoidal, rounded at apex, with two long curved setae and outer margin with thin and short setae in ventral side (Fig. 7 F). Maxillary palp with three palpomeres (Fig. 7 H). Labium with spare setae, posterior margin with numerous short setae, labial palpi with three palpomeres (Figs 7 G, 7 I). Thorax. Pronotum with two black, semi-oval dorsal plates separated by a narrow band; each lateral margin of plates with four black parascoli; about twelve long chalazae and spare short setae in anterior margin of plates; central surface and posterior margin of plates without projection (Figs 6 A – B). Meso- and metanotum black, and their plates pale (Figs 6 A – B). Lateral margins of plates each with a long black and a short parascoli, and a black parascoli bearing three branches in each central surface of plates (Figs 6 A – B). Lateral margins of mesonotum each with a black sentus, without seta (Figs 6 A – B). A pair of circular spiracles with lamellae at the opening in anterolateral part of mesonotum. Metanotum laterally each with a black sentus (Figs 6 A – B). Legs black, long, with setae; ventral part with a bristle brush near the tarsal claw, and row of external setae in the tibia; tarsal claw with a square small basal tooth and dense setae around the tooth (Fig. 7 E). Abdomen with nine segments (Fig. 6 E). Segment S 1 to S 8 with a pair of anterolateral spiracles similar to those of the mesothorax (Fig. 6 E). Segment S 1 yellow, with black stripe in central surface closed S 2; dorsal plates with a pair of yellow parascoli, black at the apex, bearing three branches; dorsolateral plates and lateral areas with two pairs of yellow parascoli bearing two branches. Segment S 2 yellow, black in central surface, and pale in basal black projections; dorsal plates and lateral areas with two pairs of black parascoli bearing two branches; dorsolateral plates with a pair of yellow parascoli black at the apex (Figs 6 A – B, 6 E). The color and the location of projection of S 3 are similar to those of S 2, only different in the surface color of lateral areas (Figs 6 A – B, 6 E). Segment S 4 yellow in surface of dorsal and dorsolateral plates, and black in surface of lateral areas, with a black band in central part; dorsally and dorsolaterally with two pairs of yellow parascoli bearing two branches; lateral area with black parascoli (Figs 6 A – B, 6 E). Segment S 5 and S 6 black and pale in basal black projections, with two pairs of black parascoli in dorsal and dorsolateral plates, and a pair of short black parascoli in lateral areas (Figs 6 A – B, 6 E). Segment S 7 and S 8 black, and pale in basal black projections, with two pairs of black parascoli in dorsal and dorsolateral plates, a pair of black strumae in lateral areas (Figs 6 A – B, 6 E). Segment S 9 black with nearly 20 setae (Figs 6 A – B, 6 E). Pupa (Figs 6 C – D). Length 5.2 – 5.9 mm; width 3.3 – 3.6 mm. Body oval, convex and truncate in the anterior region, brown with black spots. Thorax: pronotum and metanotum with a pair of black spots. Mesonotum with a pair of black spots in lateral margins. Abdomen: seven visible segments. Segment S 1 with two black spots; S 3 and S 4 with a black stripe on each side; S 5 and S 6 are similar to S 3 and S 4; S 2, S 5, S 7 brown, without black spot.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF602B274CFF1EE68EFA06A781.taxon	discussion	Notes. The larval characters of this species were described by Sasaji (1977). Singh & Phaloura (1990) presented a field key to the larvae of four species within the genus Harmonia, including H. dimidiata and pointed out that H. dimidiata can be distinguished from other Harmonia species by the projections of S 5 in dorsal and dorsolateral areas. Additionally, it can be distinguished from H. axyridis by the coloration of S 5 (Celli et al. 2021). Subsequently, Phaloura & Singh (1991) provided a description of the larval chaetotaxy for this species. Yu (2010) included an illustration of the larva for this species; however, no further descriptions regarding its larva were given. Poorani (2023) presented comprehensive illustrations of this species along with brief descriptions of its immature stages.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF6025274EFF1EE7C9FDDAA48D.taxon	description	(Figs 1 G – H, 8 – 9) Larval descriptions or illustrations of Harmonia sedecimnotata: Singh & Phaloura 1990: 90, Phaloura & Singh 1991, Poorani 2023: 146. Fourth instar larva (Figs 8 A – B, 8 E, 9). Length 6.9 – 7.5 mm; width 2.4 – 2.5 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical and tapered, with parascoli and chalazae, black and yellow color (Figs 8 A – B). Head: black, tapered. Epicranial stem absent; frontal arms inverted omega-shaped, do not reach antennae (Fig. 9 A). Three hemispherical stemmata dark, arranged in a triangle, near the base of antenna. Antenna with 3 antennomeres; antennomere 3 with preapical setae and sensilla (Fig. 9 B). Labrum with setae, posterior margin V-shaped, with brown curves on each side (Fig. 9 C). Mandible with two apical teeth (Fig. 9 D). Maxilla with mala trapezoidal, rounded at apex, with long curved setae and outer margin with thin and short setae in ventral side (Fig. 9 F). Maxillary palp with three palpomeres (Fig. 9 H). Labium with sestae, posterior margin with numerous short setae, labial palpi with three palpomeres in ventral side (Figs 9 G, 9 I). Thorax. Pronotum yellow with two dorsal plates, semi-oval and sclerotized, boundary indistinct; lateral margins of plates with four yellow parascoli bearing two branches; posterior margin of plates with four yellow smaller parascoli; about eight charazae in the anterior area; central surface with spare short setae (Figs 8 A – B). Mesonotum and metanotum black separated by yellow band and yellow circular ring in the root of lateral projections; anterolateral margin of plates each with a black parascoli bearing three to four branches; posterolaterally each with a black sentus (Figs 8 A – B). Lateral margin of mesonotum each with a black sentus, without setae (Figs 8 A – B). A pair of circular spiracles with lamellae at the opening in anterolateral part of mesonotum (Fig. 8 B). Metanotum laterally each with a black sentus (Figs 8 A – B). Legs yellow, long, with setae; ventral part with a seta brush near the tarsal claw, and row of external setae in the tibia; tarsal claw with a square small basal tooth and dense setae around the tooth (Fig. 9 E). Abdomen with nine segments (Fig. 8 E). Segment S 1 to S 8 with a pair of anterolateral spiracles similar to those of the mesothorax (Fig. 8 E). Segment S 1 yellow, black in lateral areas, a black oblique stripe between dorsal and dorsolateral plates, and a black spot closed to S 2; dorsal and dorsolateral plates with two pairs of yellow parascoli, developed two branches; lateral areas with a pair of yellow parascoli (Figs 8 A – B, 8 E). Segment S 2 yellow, black in lateral areas, a black oblique stripe between dorsal and dorsolateral plates, and black irregular stripe separates two sides; dorsal and dorsolateral plates with two pairs of yellow parascoli bearing three branches; lateral projections are black parascoli (Figs 8 A – B, 8 E). The surface color and location of projection of S 3 are similar to those of S 2, differing only in the dorsal projections (Figs 8 A – B, 8 E). Segment S 4 is similar to S 1 (Figs 8 A – B, 8 E). Segment S 5 to S 7 black, with yellow base of dorsal projections and lateral areas; dorsal and dorsolateral plates with black parascoli, developed two branches; laterally with smaller black parascoli, only S 7 with strumae (Figs 8 A – B, 8 E). Segment S 8 yellow, with yellow parascoli in dorsal and dorsolateral plates and yellow strumae in lateral areas (Figs 8 A – B, 8 E). Segment S 9 yellow with nearly 20 setae (Figs 8 A – B, 8 E). Pupa (Figs 8 C – D). Length 4.9 – 5.1 mm; width 3.0 – 3.5 mm. Yellowish brown with black spots and stripes. Body oval, convex and truncate in the anterior region. Pronotum with two black spots at both sides. Mesonotum with a pair of black spots in central region, and a brown arc on each side in lateral area. Metanotum with two black oblique stripes at both sides. Abdomen with seven visible segments. Segment S 1 and S 2 with four black spots in central surface. Segment S 3 with six black spots: two oblique stripes in central region, four irregular spots arrange in parallel in lateral area; S 4 to S 6 with one black arc on each side; S 7 without black spot.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF6025274EFF1EE7C9FDDAA48D.taxon	discussion	Notes. Singh & Phaloura (1990) presented a field key to the larvae of four species within the genus Harmonia, including H. sedecimnotata. Authors mentioned that H. sedecimnotata can be distinguished from other Harmonia species by the color of S 4 in lateral areas. Subsequently, Phaloura & Singh (1991) provided a description of the larval chaetotaxy for this species. Poorani (2023) presented comprehensive illustrations of this species along with brief descriptions of its immature stages.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF60272749FF1EE4CEFD29A168.taxon	description	(Figs 1 N – P, 10 – 11) Fourth instar larva (Figs 10 A – B, 10 E, 11). Length 11.2 mm; width at metathorax 3.6 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical and tapered, with strumae and chalazae, black and yellow color (Figs 10 A – B). Head: black, tapered. Epicranial stem absent; frontal arms inverted omega-shaped (Fig. 11 A), do not reach antennae; they appear to be separated at bases. Three hemispherical stemmata dark, arranged in a triangle, near base of antenna. Antenna with 3 antennomeres; antennomere 3 with preapical setae and sensilla (Fig. 11 B). Labrum with setae, posterior margin V-shaped, with brown curves on each side (Fig. 11 C). Mandible with two apical teeth (Fig. 11 D). Maxilla with mala trapezoidal, rounded at apex, with spare long curved setae and outer margin with thin and short setae in ventral side (Fig. 11 F). Maxillary palp with three palpomeres, bearing a seta at palpomere 2 (Fig. 11 H). Labium with sparse setae, posterior margin with numerous short setae, labial palp composed with three palpomeres (Figs 11 G, 11 I). Thorax. Pronotum yellowish white with two semi-oval and sclerotized black dorsal plates, separated by a narrow band; lateral, anterior and posterior marginal areas without projections, only with dense short setae (Figs 10 A – B). Mesonotum yellowish white, with dense short setae; black plates with semi-circular outer margins and trapezoid inner margins; lateral margins with yellowish white strumae (Figs 10 A – B). A pair of circular spiracles with lamellae at the opening in anterolateral part of mesonotum. Metanotum yellowish white, with dense short setae; black plates with semi-circular outer margins and trapezoid inner margins; laterally with yellowish white strumae. Legs black, long, with sparse setae; ventral part with a seta brush near the tarsal claw, and row of external setae in the tibia; tarsal claw with a square small basal tooth and dense setae around the tooth (Fig. 11 E). Abdomen. Nine segments (Fig. 10 E). Segment S 1 to S 8 with a pair of anterolateral spiracles similar to those on mesothorax (Fig. 10 E). Segment S 1 yellowish white and black; dorsal plates with a pair of black strumae; dorsolateral plates with a pair of yellow strumae; lateral areas with a pair of yellow strumae; each struma with three short chalazae and two short setae (Figs 10 A – B, 10 E). Segment S 2 and S 3 yellowish white and black; dorsal and dorsolateral plates with two pairs of black strumae; lateral areas with a pair of strumae; each struma with three long chalazae and approximately five short chalazae (Figs 10 A – B, 10 E). Segment S 4 yellowish white, with two pairs of yellow strumae in dorsal and dorsolateral plates; laterally with a pair of yellow strumae; each struma with three long chalazae and approximately three short chalazae (Figs 10 A – B, 10 E). Segment S 5 and S 6 yellowish white with black dorsal and dorsolateral strumae; lateral regions with a pair of yellow strumae; each struma with approximately eight short chalazae (Figs 10 A – B, 10 E). Segment S 7 yellowish white with black dorsal and dorsolateral strumae, bearing yellow stripe in posterior margin; laterally with yellow strumae (Figs 10 A – B, 10 E). Segment S 8 dark brown, with yellow stripe in central surface; dorsal and dorsolateral plates with two pair of black strumae; lateral areas with yellow strumae (Figs 10 A – B, 10 E). Segment S 9 dark brown, with nearly 20 setae (Figs 10 A – B, 10 E). Pupa (Figs 10 C – D). Length 4.5 mm; width 3.5 mm. Yellowish white or yellow with black spots. Body oval, convex and truncate in the anterior region. Pronotum with a pair of black spots in parallel in anterior region. Mesonotum yellowish white with a white trapezoid spot in central part and a pair of large black spots in lateral areas. Metanotum with white U-shape spot in the central region and a pair of black spots. Abdomen with seven visible segments. Segment S 1 to S 6 yellow with a light brown band in central part. Segment S 7 yellowish white with a light brown band in central part.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF60272749FF1EE4CEFD29A168.taxon	discussion	Notes. The immature stages of this species are described for the first time. This species has been previously placed in the genus Bothrocalvia Crotch, 1874 by several authors (Yu 2010; Ren et al. 2009; Wang & Chen 2022). However, Ślipiński et al. (2020) considered Bothrocalvia as a synonym of Microcaria Crotch, 1871 and consequently transferred the species to the genus Microcaria.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF6021274BFF1EE230FAC5A1DA.taxon	description	(Figs 1 I – J, 12 – 13) Fourth instar larva (Figs 12 A – B, 12 E, 13). Length 11.5 mm; width 3.5 mm. Body elongate, cylindrical and tapered, with parascoli and chalazae, black and yellow color. Head: black, tapered (Figs 12 A – B). Epicranial stem absent; frontal arms inverted omega-shaped, do not reach antennae (Fig. 13 A). Three hemispherical stemmata dark, arranged in a triangle, near the base of antenna. Antenna with 3 antennomeres; antennomere 3 with preapical setae and sensilla (Fig. 13 B). Labrum with setae and brown curves on each side, posterior margin V-shaped (Fig. 13 C). Mandible with two apical teeth, central convex, and with one basal tooth and two setae above the condyle in dorsal side (Fig. 13 D). Maxilla with mala trapezoidal, rounded at apex, with spare long curved setae and outer margin with thin and short setae in ventral side (Fig. 13 F). Maxillary palp with three palpomeres (Fig. 13 H). Labium with setae, posterior margin with numerous short setae, labial palpi with three palpomeres in ventral side (Figs 13 G, 13 I). Thorax. Pronotum black, with two dorsal plates, semi-oval and sclerotized, separated by a narrow band and yellow stripe in anterior margin; lateral margin of plates and central surface without projection, only with dense short setae (Figs 12 A – B). Mesonotum black separated by a yellow stripe. Lateral margin with a yellow struma; anterior and posterior margins of mesonotum without projection, with dense short setae (Figs 12 A – B). A pair of circular spiracles with lamellae at the opening in anterolateral part of mesonotum (Fig. 12 B). Metanotum black, with a yellow trapezoidal spot; lateral margins with a yellow struma; anterior and posterior margins with dense short setae (Figs 12 A – B). Legs black, long, with setae; ventral part with a seta brush near the tarsal claw, and row of external setae in the tibia; tarsal claw with a subquadrate basal tooth and dense setae around the tooth (Fig. 13 E). Abdomen with nine segments (Fig. 12 E). Segment S 1 to S 8 with a pair of anterolateral spiracles similar to those of the mesothorax (Fig. 12 E). Segment S 1 black, with light yellow spots in dorsolateral and lateral areas, unconnected to S 2; dorsal plates with a pair of black strumae; dorsolateral and lateral projections with yellow strumae (Figs 12 A – B, 12 E). Segment S 2 and S 3 dark brown, with black strumae in dorsal, dorsolateral and lateral areas (Figs 12 A – B, 12 E). Segment S 4 light yellow, and black between lateral and dorsolateral regions; dorsal, dorsolateral and lateral areas with light yellow strumae (Figs 12 A – B, 12 E). Segment S 5 to S 6 black, with black strumae in dorsal and dorsolateral plates and light yellow strumae in lateral areas (Figs 12 A – B, 12 E). Segment S 7 and S 8 black with yellowish white stripes in posterior margin; dorsal and dorsolateral plates with black strumae; lateral areas with light yellow strumae (Figs 12 A – B, 12 E). Segment S 9 black with nearly 20 setae (Figs 12 A – B, 12 E). Pupa (Figs 12 C – D). Length 6.2 mm; width 4.8 mm. Body yellowish white with black spots. Body oval, convex and truncate in the anterior region. Pronotum yellowish white with short setae. Mesonotum with a yellow spot in central surface. Metanotum with a central yellow stripe and a pair of black spots in anterolateral margins. Abdomen with seven visible segments. Segment S 1 yellowish white, with yellow irregular stripes in lateral margins. Segment S 2 and S 3 yellowish white with two black spots; S 4 yellow, without black spot. Segment S 5 to S 7 yellowish white, without black spot.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
344E87BF6021274BFF1EE230FAC5A1DA.taxon	discussion	Notes. The immature stages of this species are described for the first time. Yu (2010) provided illustrations of larva and pupa for this species; however, no further descriptions regarding its immature stages were given.	en	Zhuang, Jiamin, Wei, Xueyuan, Tao, Xunhong, Wang, Xingmin, Chen, Xiaosheng (2025): Descriptions of immature stages of six aphidophagous Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) species from China. Zootaxa 5646 (2): 236-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5646.2.3
