identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
FC1917181E68526D9610C2141C60BA40.text	FC1917181E68526D9610C2141C60BA40.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conocybe lidaensis H. B. Song & Z. L. Luo 2026	<div><p>Conocybe lidaensis H. B. Song &amp; Z. L. Luo sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 E, 2 F, 2 G, 2 H, 3 E, 3 F, 8, 9</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ lidaensis ” refers to the type locality, Dali University (abbreviated as “ lida ”), where the holotype of this species was collected.</p><p>Holotypus.</p><p>China • Yunnan Province, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Dali City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.155&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.672777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.155/lat 25.672777)">Dali University</a>, 25 October 2025, 25°40'22"N, 100°09'18"E, alt. 2177 m, H. B. Song, S 25102503 (FJAU 78854) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Conocybe lidaensis may be confused with mature C. mesospora s. l. but lacks the bright orange pileus color; C. lidaensis further differs by a higher percentage of mixed type caulo- and pileocystidia, with lecythiform cystidia in less than 40 % of them, whereas in C. mesospora lecythiform cystidia are dominant and other shapes are rare. Conocybe lidaensis grows in moss layers in bamboo forest grasslands. It also shows distinct molecular differences, genetically.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata mycenoid. Pileus diameter 5–20 mm, initially conical to obtusely conical, later slightly campanulate to broadly conical, subumbonate, margin aspects straight, undulate. Fresh and moist pileus center ochre brown (RAL 8001) to clay brown (RAL 8003), olive brown (RAL 8008), margin beige (RAL 1001) to ivory (RAL 1014); with age pileus color deepens, clay brown (RAL 8003), chestnut brown (RAL 8015) to mahogany brown (RAL 8016). Hygrophanous, smooth, pubescent (under a lens), striate up to 4 / 5 of pileus center. Context thin, same color as pileus, with no specific odor or taste. Lamellae adnexed to narrowly adnate, ventricose, crowded, unequal in length, light ivory (RAL 1015) to ivory (RAL 1014), brown beige (RAL 1011) to ochre brown (RAL 8001), margin even to slightly eroded. Stipe 10–40 mm, thickness 0.5–2 mm, cylindrical, light ivory (RAL 1015) to ivory (RAL 1014), khaki grey (RAL 7008), surface with pruinose and short pubescent, showing longitudinal fibrillose-like striate, base subbulbous.</p><p>Basidiospores (60 / 3 / 3) (6.6 –) 6.8–7.8 (– 8) × 4.1–4.7 (– 4.9) μm, Q = (1.52 –) 1.55–1.79 (– 1.92), Qm = 1.66 (± 0.08), slightly ellipsoid to oblong, ovoid, somewhat amygdaliform, wall thick, germ pore diameter about 0.5–1.5 μm, ochre brown (RAL 8001) to clay brown (RAL 8003) in KOH solution. Basidia (14 –) 15–21 (– 23) × 7–10 μm, clavate, 4 - spored, sterigmata length 3–5 μm, with vacuolar contents in basidia. Cheilocystidia (15 –) 16–21 (– 22) × 7–11 μm, lecythiform (body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong, some subglobose), with capitula 3–5 μm wide. Pleurocystidia absent. Caulocystidia 9–35 (– 39) × (5 –) 6–11 (– 14) μm, mixed, lecythiform (less than 40 %, body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong, some subglobose), with capitula 4–6 μm wide, mixed with ellipsoid, clavate, utriform, lageniform to long-necked lageniform, neck flexuose, occasional capilliform elements, up to 60 μm. Pileipellis epithelioid hymeniderm, composed of spheropedunculate cells (25 –) 26–49 (– 51) × 18–30 (– 32) μm, with fawn brown (RAL 8007) pigment at the base. Pileocystidia 21–36 × 5–16 μm, mixed type, lecythiform (ca. 30 %, body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong), with capitula 3–5 μm wide, some filled with pigment, intermixed with utriform, lageniform, long-necked lageniform, and capilliform elements. All structures with clamp connections. Negative reaction with ammonia.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>In autumn, scattered mossy grassland in bamboo forests.</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>Yunnan Province, Fujian Province, China.</p><p>Additional material examined.</p><p>China • Yunnan Province, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Dali City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=100.155&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=25.672777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 100.155/lat 25.672777)">Dali University</a>, 25 October 2025, 25°40'22"N, 100°09'18"E, alt. 2177 m, H. B. Song, S 25102504 (FJAU 78855), S 25102505 (FJAU 78856), S 25102506 (FJAU 78857), S 25102507 (FJAU 78858) . China • Fujian Province, Sanming City, 9 September 2023, J. M. Liao, LJP 9900 (FJAU 78859) . Sequences were obtained from all specimens mentioned above, and their morphology was also examined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Conocybe lidaensis is characterized by the presence of mixed types caulo- and pileocystidia, both of which contain lecythiform cystidia. Based on morphological criteria, C. lidaensis would be placed in sect. Mixtae (Singer 1962; Hausknecht 2003). However, phylogenetically, it is positioned at the base of sect. Conocybe, where it is sister to C. alkovii within sect. Heterocystidiae (Hausknecht and Krisai-Greilhuber 2006; Malysheva 2012 a). Conocybe lidaensis can be distinguished from other species in sect. Conocybe by its mixed caulocystidia (Hausknecht 2009). Additionally, its pileocystidia comprise a combination of lecythiform, utriform, lageniform to long-necked lageniform cystidia and capilliform elements, which differentiates it from species in sect. Mixtae. In the closely related C. alkovii the caulocystidia in accordance with sect. Conocybe and the applanate pileus allow clear morphological distinction between the two taxa (Malysheva 2012 a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/FC1917181E68526D9610C2141C60BA40	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Song, Han-bing;Tang, Li-yan;Fang, Qiao;Tang, Song-ming;Luo, Zong-long	Song, Han-bing, Tang, Li-yan, Fang, Qiao, Tang, Song-ming, Luo, Zong-long (2026): Taxonomy of Conocybe I: Conocybe maculatostriata and C. lidaensis - two new species of Conocybe section Conocybe (Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales) from southwestern China. MycoKeys 139: 157-181, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.139.192477
39B4DFBDC0375217A06B2F3251C98D49.text	39B4DFBDC0375217A06B2F3251C98D49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conocybe maculatostriata H. B. Song & S. M. Tang 2026	<div><p>Conocybe maculatostriata H. B. Song &amp; S. M. Tang sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2 D, 3 B, 3 C, 6, 7</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific epithet “ maculatostriata ” refers to a pileus with maculate stripes when moist.</p><p>Holotypus.</p><p>China • Xizang Autonomous Region, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=88.94&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.62" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 88.94/lat 27.62)">Xigazê City</a>, Chomo County, 24 July 2025, 27°37'12"N, 88°56'24"E, alt. 3607 m, S. M. Tang, 2025072431 (FJAU 78852) .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The key taxonomic feature of this species is its pileus with maculate stripes when moist and the large capitulum diameter of its lecythiform cystidia; the latter feature overlaps with species of ser. Magnicapitata . However, it can be distinguished from other species in ser. Magnicapitata by its maculate stripes when moist, slightly larger basidiospores (9.7–12.8 μm), and the median constriction observed in some basidia.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata mycenoid. Pileus 5–15 mm, first nearly hemispherical to obtusely conical, then paraboloid to campanulate, aspects of margin straight, undulate, center clay brown (RAL 8003) to copper brown (RAL 8004), salmon pink (RAL 3022), margin salmon pink (RAL 3022) to beige red (RAL 3012), copper brown (RAL 8004). Hygrophanous, maculate stripes when moist, smooth, glabrous, striate to half the pileus center. Context thin, salmon pink (RAL 3022) to copper brown (RAL 8004), with no specific odor or taste. Lamellae adnexed to narrowly adnate, ventricose to nearly segmentiform, moderately crowded, unequal in length, ochre brown (RAL 8001) to copper brown (RAL 8004), orange brown (RAL 8023), margin even. Stipe 10–25 mm long, 0.5–1 mm thick, cylindrical, salmon pink (RAL 3022) to copper brown (RAL 8004), red brown (RAL 8012), surface pruinose, with longitudinal fibrillose striations, base subbulbous.</p><p>Basidiospores (60 / 3 / 2) (9.2 –) 9.7–12.8 (– 13.1) × (5.1 –) 5.3–7.2 (– 8) μm, Q = (1.44 –) 1.49–2.03 (– 2.16), Qm = 1.77 (± 0.18), lateral view slightly ellipsoid to oblong, subcylindrical, occasionally frontal view faintly hexagonal, wall slightly thick, containing oil droplets, germ pore diameter 1.5–2.5 μm, basidiospores in KOH solution copper brown (RAL 8004) to pearl orange (RAL 2013). Basidia (16 –) 17–24 (– 27) × 8–12 μm, polymorphic, clavate to cylindrical, some median constriction, utriform, 4 - spored, sterigmata 2–5 μm long, vacuolar contents in basidia. Cheilocystidia (22 –) 23–30 (– 31) × (8 –) 10–15 (– 16) μm, lecythiform (body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong, some subglobose), capitula 6–9 μm wide. Pleurocystidia absent. Caulocystidia (23 –) 28–44 (– 48) × 15–26 (– 27) μm, all are lecythiform (body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong, some subglobose), capitula 7–16 μm wide. Pileipellis epithelioid hymeniderm, composed of spheropedunculate and clavate cells (23 –) 27–48 (– 53) × (11 –) 12–24 μm, basal pigments clay brown (RAL 8003) to olive brown (RAL 8008). Pileocystidia (29 –) 32–53 (– 54) × (5 –) 7–13 (– 15) μm, all are lecythiform to tibiiform (body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong, partially fusiform to cylindrical), capitula 4–8 μm wide, some pigment-filled. All structures with clamp connections. Weakly positive reaction to ammonia, forming needle-shaped crystals.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>Scattered growth on plateau grasslands in summer.</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>Xizang Autonomous Region, Xigazê City, China.</p><p>Additional collection examined.</p><p>China • Xizang Autonomous Region, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=88.94&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=27.62" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 88.94/lat 27.62)">Xigazê City</a>, Chomo County, 24 July 2025, 27°37'12"N, 88°56'24"E, alt. 3607 m, S. M. Tang, 2025072428 (FJAU 78853) .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Based on the presence of exclusively lecythiform caulocystidia, C. maculatostriata belongs to sect. Conocybe . Within this section, its assignment to the ser. Magnicapitata Hauskn. &amp; Krisai is justified by the notably large capitula of its lecythiform cystidia, which, based on existing species descriptions, range from 4–18 μm (Hausknecht and Krisai-Greilhuber 2006). Conocybe maculatostriata differs from C. spiculoides Kühner &amp; Watling in ser. Magnicapitata, as the latter lacks a germ pore on its basidiospores and has basidiospores less than 9.5 μm long (Watling 1980). It is distinguished from C. echinata (Velen.) Singer and C. rickeniana P. D. Orton, as both have notably shorter basidiospores (average length &lt;10 μm) and a negative reaction to ammonia (Orton 1960; Singer 1989). Conocybe maculatostriata differs from C. proxima Singer in that the latter has basidiospores shorter than 9 μm (6.8–8.6 μm) and grows on decaying wood (Singer and Digilio 1951). The new species can be distinguished from C. juniana (Velen.) Hauskn. &amp; Svrček, inclusive of its var. sordescens (P. D. Orton) Hauskn. &amp; Svrček, and var. subsejuncta Hauskn. by the latter indistinctly striate pileus and rugose pileus surface (Hausknecht 2009). Conocybe maculatostriata differs from C. amazonica Singer in that the latter has 13.5–15.5 μm long basidiospores, and grows on wood blocks in the Amazon rainforest (Singer 1989). Phylogenetically, C. maculatostriata is closely related to C. coniferarum and C. yadongensis R. L. Zhao &amp; X. X. Han. However, C. coniferarum has slightly smaller, 8.5–10 μm, lentiform basidiospores, a negative reaction to ammonia, and grows in coniferous forests, while C. yadongensis has basidiospores shorter than 10 μm (8.4–9.1 μm), and a brownish orange to yellowish brown pileus without maculate stripes (Malysheva 2017; Han et al. 2025).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/39B4DFBDC0375217A06B2F3251C98D49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Song, Han-bing;Tang, Li-yan;Fang, Qiao;Tang, Song-ming;Luo, Zong-long	Song, Han-bing, Tang, Li-yan, Fang, Qiao, Tang, Song-ming, Luo, Zong-long (2026): Taxonomy of Conocybe I: Conocybe maculatostriata and C. lidaensis - two new species of Conocybe section Conocybe (Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales) from southwestern China. MycoKeys 139: 157-181, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.139.192477
9BC6E411906C514FBE46FF1C5362A907.text	9BC6E411906C514FBE46FF1C5362A907.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conocybe mesospora	<div><p>Conocybe mesospora OTU 21 (according to International Conocybe consortium, unpubl.)</p><p>Figs 2 A – C, 3 A, 3 B, 4, 5</p><p>Description.</p><p>Basidiomata mycenoid. Pileus 5–15 mm diam, initially paraboloid to obtusely conical, later broadly conical, subumbonate, margin aspects straight, undulate. At the young stage, the center ranges from red-orange (RAL 2001) to traffic orange (RAL 2009) and bright red-orange (RAL 2008), while the margin varies from saffron yellow (RAL 1017) to pastel yellow (RAL 1034) and ochre brown (RAL 8001), the colors become darker, with the pileus center changing from red-brown (RAL 8012) to pearl orange (RAL 2013), and the margin transitioning from pastel yellow (RAL 1034) to ochre brown (RAL 8001) at maturity. Hygrophanous, smooth, slightly viscid, pubescent, striate up to half center. Context thin, pastel yellow (RAL 1034) to ochre brown (RAL 8001), no distinct odor or taste. Lamellae adnexed to narrowly adnate, ventricose, moderately crowded, unequal, sand yellow (RAL 1002) to ivory (RAL 1014), pastel yellow (RAL 1034), margin even to slightly eroded. Stipe 15–25 mm long, 1–2 mm thick, cylindrical, light ivory (RAL 1015) to ivory (RAL 1014), surface pruinose and pubescent, with longitudinal fibrillose striate, base subbulbous.</p><p>Basidiospores (60 / 3 / 3) (6.8 –) 7.3–8.3 (– 8.7) × 3.8–4.7 μm, Q = (1.65 –) 1.69–2.02 (– 2.1), Q m = 1.82 (± 0.09), non-lentiform, oblong to subcylindrical, slightly amygdaliform, thick walled, containing oil droplets, germ pore approximately 1–2 μm in diameter, ochre brown (RAL 8001) to clay brown (RAL 8003) in KOH solution. Basidia (19 –) 21–29 (– 30) × 7–9 μm, narrowly clavate to clavate, 4 - spored, sterigmata 2–5 μm long, vacuolar contents present. Cheilocystidia 15–20 (– 23) × (6 –) 7–11 μm, lecythiform (body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong, some subglobose), with capitula 3–4 μm wide. Pleurocystidia absent. Caulocystidia (16 –) 18–26 (– 29) × (7 –) 8–13 μm, predominantly lecythiform (ca. 90 %, body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong, some subglobose), capitula 3–6 μm wide, intermixed with clavate, subglobose and subellipsoid elements. Pileipellis epithelioid hymeniderm, composed of spheropedunculate and clavate cells (27 –) 29–43 (– 45) × (10 –) 12–18 μm, basal region with fawn brown (RAL 8007) pigment. Pileocystidia (25 –) 26–34 (– 38) × (6 –) 7–12 μm, lecythiform to tibiiform (ca. 90 %, body lageniform, broadly ellipsoid to oblong), capitula 3–5 μm wide, some pigmented in water and KOH solution, occasionally with filamentous elements. All structures with clamp connections. Negative reaction with ammonia.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>The specimens collected in this study grow solitary or gregarious on the humus layer near Sambucus williamsii Hance during summer and autumn.</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>Jilin Province, Siping City, China.</p><p>Additional collection examined.</p><p>China • Jilin Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=125.20305&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 125.20305/lat 43.6)">Siping City</a>, Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, 18 August 2025, 43°36'00"N, 125°12'11"E, alt. 369 m, L. J. Zhao, S 25081913 (FJAU 78846), S 25081914 (FJAU 78847) . China • Jilin Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=125.20305&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.6" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 125.20305/lat 43.6)">Siping City</a>, Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, 23 August 2025, 43°36'00"N, 125°12'11"E, alt. 369 m, H. B. Song S 25082309 (FJAU 78848) . China • Jilin Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=125.20305&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.59833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 125.20305/lat 43.59833)">Siping City</a>, Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, 25 August 2025, 43°35'54"N, 125°12'11"E, alt. 387 m, H. B. Song S 25082519 (FJAU 78849) . China • Jilin Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=125.199165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=43.588055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 125.199165/lat 43.588055)">Siping City</a>, Yitong Manchu Autonomous County, 29 September 2025, 43°35'17"N, 125°11'57"E, alt. 457 m, H. B. Song S 25092901 (FJAU 78850), S 25092903 (FJAU 78851) . Sequences were obtained from all specimens mentioned above, and their morphology was also examined.</p><p>Notes.</p><p>The description of Conocybe mesospora OTU 21 was originally intended to clarify the phylogenetic position of C. mesospora . However, C. mesospora lacks a type sequence, and available non-type sequences are polyphyletic ( C. mesospora IBL 6 and C. mesospora GLM 45895) and in at least three different clades (located in sect. Conocybe Clade 1 and Clade 2). Morphological evidence alone is insufficient to support a definite taxonomic conclusion, and the sequence of the material is within the C. mesospora OTU 21 of the International Conocybe consortium (unpubl.). To decide which one of the currently differentiated OTUs is in accordance with the type of C. mesospora will require sequences obtained from the French type material (Singer and Hausknecht 1992; Hausknecht 2009).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/9BC6E411906C514FBE46FF1C5362A907	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Song, Han-bing;Tang, Li-yan;Fang, Qiao;Tang, Song-ming;Luo, Zong-long	Song, Han-bing, Tang, Li-yan, Fang, Qiao, Tang, Song-ming, Luo, Zong-long (2026): Taxonomy of Conocybe I: Conocybe maculatostriata and C. lidaensis - two new species of Conocybe section Conocybe (Bolbitiaceae, Agaricales) from southwestern China. MycoKeys 139: 157-181, DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.139.192477
