taxonID	type	description	language	source
3777878EAD022B768CA1FF6204CEFEFC.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 – 3)	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD022B768CA1FF6204CEFEFC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: 1 male (cl 3.0 mm), MNHN-IU- 2010 - 5221, Madagascar, ATIMO VATAE sta. TB 12, Taolagnaro, off Pointe Flacourt, 25 ° 01.5 ’ S 47 ° 00.0 ’ E, depth 4 – 5 m, leg. MNHN team, 14.05.2010. Paratypes: 1 male (cl 2.9 mm), MNHN-IU- 2010 - 5208, same collection data as for holotype; 1 ov. female (cl 4.3 mm) [left P 1 missing, specimen dissected], MNHN-IU- 2019 - 5847, Madagascar, ATIMO VATAE sta. TB 13, Taolagnaro, off Pointe Flacourt, 25 ° 01.5 ’ S 47 ° 00.0 ’ E, depth 2 – 4 m, leg. MNHN team, 15.05.2010; 1 ov. female (cl 3.7 mm) [both P 1 missing], MNHN-IU- 2010 - 2876, Madagascar, ATIMO VATAE sta. TS 21, Taolagnaro, off Pointe Flacourt, 25 ° 01.5 ’ S 46 ° 60.0 ’ E [probably 47 ° 00.0 ’ E], depth 2 – 4 m, leg. MNHN team, 15.05.2010; 1 ov. female (cl 3.0 mm) [both P 1 and tail fan missing], MNHN-IU- 2019 - 5735, Madagascar, ATIMO VATAE sta. TB 07, Taolagnaro, S of Libanona beach, 25 ° 02 ’ 27.7 ” S 46 ° 59 ’ 40.0 ” E, depth 4 – 5 m, leg. MNHH team, 09.05.2010; 1 ov. female (cl 3.5 mm) [both P 1 missing], MNHN-IU- 2010 - 3013, Madagascar, ATIMO VATAE sta. TM 21, Ankobanalabe Bay S of Mitriaky, 25 ° 08.9 ’ S 46 ° 45.4 ’ E, depth 0 – 1 m, leg. MNHN team, 14.05.2010; 2 males (cl 3.5 mm, 4.1 mm), 1 female (cl 3.4 mm), 1 ov. female (cl 3.5 mm) [all with both P 1 missing, however, several loose P 1 present in the vial], MNHN-IU- 2018 - 5690, Madagascar, Toliara, depth not recorded, sea urchins (“ oursins ”), together with specimens of A. indicus, leg. R. Hipeau-Jacquotte, 13.02.1968.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD022B768CA1FF6204CEFEFC.taxon	description	Description. Small-sized alpheid shrimp (type material: cl 2.9 – 4.1 mm). Body stout, bulky. Carapace subcylindrical, smooth, not setose. Rostrum long, acuminate, slightly lanceolate, dorsoventrally compressed, with some erect setae; tip reaching or extending slightly beyond distal margin of second article of antennular peduncle; lateral margins straight to slightly convex; dorsal carina barely distinct (Fig. 1 A, B). Orbit evenly and deeply concave; supracorneal teeth strong, acute, reaching half-length of cornea; extracorneal teeth prominent, acute, almost reaching distal margin of cornea; infracorneal teeth absent (Fig. 1 A, B). Pterygostomial angle with acute tooth (Fig. 1 B). Cardiac notch deep. Pleon smooth, stout, subcylindrical, glabrous; first to fourth pleonites with pleura posteroventrally rounded; fifth pleuron posteroventrally angular; sternite of fifth pleonite without median lobe; sixth pleonite with large, triangular, articulated plate posteroventrally, posterolateral angle blunt (Fig. 1 C), posterior margin of sternite produced into long, blunt or subacute tooth. Telson moderately broad, tapering posteriorly, 1.7 times as long as greatest width; dorsal surface with two pairs of slender spiniform setae (one spiniform seta missing in the illustrated specimen) both inserted submarginally in posterior half; posterior margin about half as long as anterior margin, broadly rounded, with one pair of slender spiniform setae at each posterolateral angle, mesial spiniform setae much longer than lateral ones (Fig. 1 D). Cornea of eye large, well pigmented, largely exposed in dorsal and lateral views (Fig. 1 A, B). Antennular peduncle stout; first article with distodorsal margin conspicuously toothed, ventromesial carina with stout, anteriorly directed tooth; stylocerite prominent, acuminate, reaching past mid-length of third article; second article about 1.2 times as long as wide, with distodorsal margin conspicuously toothed; third article shortest; dorsolateral flagellum with short accessory ramus and numerous groups of aesthetascs along ventral surface, fused portion composed of five subdivisions (Fig. 1 A, B, E). Antenna with basicerite rather stout, armed with strongly protruding, acute tooth on distolateral margin; scaphocerite slightly overreaching antennular peduncle, blade broad, distolateral tooth prominent, reaching far beyond distal margin of blade and slightly past distal end of antennular peduncle, lateral margin straight; carpocerite short, subcylindrical; flagellum (broken in most specimens) slightly thickened proximally (Fig. 1 A, B; see also Fig. 3). Mouthparts as figured (Figs. 1 F – K). Mandible with incisor process greatly expanded, armed with more than 20 small teeth; molar process rather slender; palp with three articles (Fig. 1 F, G). Maxillule with bilobed palp, each lobe furnished with thick seta (Fig. 1 H). Third maxilliped stout; coxa with strap-like epipod below somewhat protruding, distally rounded lateral (coxal) plate; antepenultimate article (ischio-merus) about 3.2 times as long as wide, with distodorsal margin conspicuously protruding in form of triangular lobe; penultimate article (carpus) almost squarish, about 1.1 times as long as wide; ultimate article (propodo-dactylus) about 0.6 times as long as antepenultimate article, noticeably tapering distally, mesial surface with dense transverse rows of microserrulate setae, apex armed with crown of four stout corneous spiniform setae; exopod long, slender, overreaching distal margin of antepenultimate article (not counting distodorsal triangular lobe); arthrobranch absent (Fig. 1 L – N). Chelipeds (= first pereiopods) subsymmetrical in shape, subequal to somewhat unequal in size, carried directed forwards with dactylus in lateral to ventrolateral position, stouter in males; coxa with blunt ventral process; basis unarmed, with small ovate exopod near base; ischium with one small proximodorsal protuberance armed with stout spiniform seta, one more prominent distodorsal protuberance armed with stout spiniform seta near apex, and one prominent ventrodistal protuberance on mesial side, latter more pronounced in larger individuals together with blunt mesial lobe; merus stout, swollen in larger individuals, about 1.9 – 2.3 times as long as greatest width, with acutely produced distodorsal angle; carpus large, broad, somewhat square shaped, with blunt ventral process and bluntly produced distoventral angle on mesial side; palm somewhat compressed mesiolaterally, smooth, subrectangular, 1.5 – 1.7 times as long as wide, with blunt distolateral margins; fingers 1.3 – 1.5 times as long as palm, gently curved, with crossing tips; dactylus with occlusal margin evenly crenulated or armed with low teeth in proximal half; pollex with occlusal margin evenly crenulated, similarly to that of dactylus, or armed with some low teeth in proximal half and large, bulging, distally truncate tooth ranging from mid-length of pollex to about beginning of its distal third (Fig. 2). Second pereiopod moderately stout, short; coxa with strap-like epipod and single setobranch seta; basis with rudimentary ovate exopod; ischium slightly shorter than merus; carpus with four subarticles, first about as long as remaining three combined; chela simple, about as long as first carpal subarticle (Fig. 1 O). Third pereiopod moderately stout; coxa without strap-like epipod, with single setobranch seta; ischium with small spiniform seta on ventrolateral surface (sometimes only trace of it); merus 3.8 times as long as wide, distal angle of ventrolateral margin protruding, forming small tooth; carpus about half-length of merus, more slender; propodus slightly longer than merus, as wide as carpus, with dozen of spiniform setae along ventral margin and three longer and stouter spiniform setae (two lateral and one mesial) on distoventral margin near propodo-dactylar articulation; dactylus stout, gently curved, about 0.25 as long as propodus, biunguiculate, secondary unguis subparallel to main (terminal) unguis (Fig. 1 P). Fourth pereiopod generally similar to third, slightly more slender; coxa without setobranch; distal tooth on ventrolateral margin of merus less pronounced (Fig. 1 Q). Fifth pereiopod generally similar to fourth; ischium unarmed; merus about 3.5 times as long as wide; propodus evenly and slightly curved towards ventral (flexor) margin, with eight spiniform setae on ventral margin, two longer and stouter spiniform setae distally, near propodo-dactylar articulation, and three rows of microserrulate setae forming grooming brush on distolateral surface; dactylar similar to those of third or fourth pereiopod (Fig. 1 R, S). Male second pleopod with endopod about as long as exopod; appendix masculina slightly longer than appendix interna, with few setae on apex, one much longer (Fig. 1 T, U). Uropod with lateral portion of protopod faintly bilobed distally; exopod with small distolateral tooth flanked mesially by small slender spiniform seta, latter not reaching distal margin of exopod, distolateral angle not curved mesially; diaeresis sinuous, not reaching mesial margin of exopod; endopod ovate, as long as exopod, without specific features (Fig. 1 V). Developing embryos in ovigerous female large, about 0.7 mm x 0.5 mm in diameter (Fig. 1 W). Gill / exopod formula typical for genus (e. g., Anker & Jeng 2007). Colour pattern. Body greyish-bluish with purplish tinge due to numerous red chromatophores; white or pinkish mid-dorsal line running from rostral tip to sixth pleonite; each carapace flank with four incomplete colourless longitudinal bands (two originating from anterior margin and two from posterior margin and disappearing near carapace mid-length) and one more ventral, complete colourless longitudinal band (originating from anterior margin and running full length of carapace), most bands with streaks of white chromatophores; pleon with continuous colourless band on pleura; antennules and antennae bluish-purplish with reddish chromatophores; telson bluish with reddish chromatophores; chelipeds overall bluish-purplish with red chromatophores arranged in diffuse transverse bands or patches on merus and carpus, fingers darker, chela apparently with white longitudinal bands on palm and fingers (see below); remaining pereiopods bluish-purplish with reddish chromatophores; uropods dark blue (Fig. 3) [Note: both specimens were photographed post-mortem and out of water, resulting in artificial white light reflections from the camera flashes; with a single photograph available for each specimen, these light reflections are difficult to distinguish from the white pigmental bands that seem to be present on the cheliped palms and fingers].	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD022B768CA1FF6204CEFEFC.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species’ name refers to the strong, almost horn-like (cornutus, Latin for horned) supra-orbital teeth; used as an adjective.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD022B768CA1FF6204CEFEFC.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Pointe Flacourt, Taolagnaro (Port-Dauphin), southern Madagascar.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD022B768CA1FF6204CEFEFC.taxon	distribution	Distribution. South-western Indian Ocean: presently known only from southern and south-western Madagascar (Taolagnaro, Ankobanalabe Bay and Toliara).	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD022B768CA1FF6204CEFEFC.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology. All specimens of the new species were collected on rocky and coral reefs, from the lower intertidal (ATIMO VATAE sta. TM 21; R. Hipeau-Jacquotte’s material from Toliara) to about 4 – 5 m (ATIMO VATAE sta. TB 12). The specimens from Toliara were associated with sea urchins, possibly Echinometra sp. (see below).	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD022B768CA1FF6204CEFEFC.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Arete cornutus sp. nov. is unique within the genus Arete, as redefined by Anker & Jeng (2007), by the presence of strong, sharp supra-orbital teeth, which are reaching 0.4 length of the cornea (Fig. 1 A, B). In most other features, including the general shape and armature of the chelipeds, A. cornutus sp. nov. appears to be closest to A. acanthocarpus Miya & Miyake, 1968, originally described from Japan (Miya & Miyake 1968). In A. acanthocarpus, the supra-orbital teeth are also present but are blunt and not nearly as long as in A. cornutus sp. nov. (cf. Fig. 1 A, B; Miya & Miyake, 1968: fig. 10 D, H). The new species can be additionally separated from A. acanthocarpus by the pterygostomial angle of the carapace acutely protruding (vs. blunt in A. acanthocarpus); the strongly toothed distal margins of the first and second articles of the antennular peduncle (vs. straight in A. acanthocarpus); and the stronger spines on the dorsal surface and posterior margin of the telson (cf. Fig. 1 D; Miya & Miyake 1968: figs. 10 D, H, J; see also Suzukli 1970: figs. 9, 10). The colour pattern of A. cornutus sp. nov. is different from that of A. acanthocarpus in lacking the dark-brown spots on the cheliped fingers, which are characteristic of the latter species (cf. Fig. 3; Suzuki 1970: fig. 8; Minemizu 2013: 111, colour photograph). Correspondingly, A. cornutus sp. nov. can be easily separated from A. indicus Coutière, 1903 and A. dorsalis Stimpson, 1860 (both species complexes in need of revision), but also from A. kominatoensis Kubo 1942 and A. amboinensis De Man, 1910 (both species with uncertain taxonomic status), by the presence of prominent supra-orbital teeth and strongly toothed distodorsal margins of the first and second articles of the antennular peduncle (cf. Fig. 1 A, B and illustrations in De Man 1910; Kubo 1942; Suzuki 1970; Banner & Banner 1973, Bruce 1989, 1990), and from A. indicus and A. dorsalis also by colour pattern (cf. Fig. 3; Gherardi 1991: fig. 2; Minemizu 2013: 110, 111, colour photographs). However, it must be noted here that the identity of most of the material reported under A. indicus and A. dorsalis by Suzuki (1970) and Banner & Banner (1973) is highly questionable (Bruce 1989, 1990; Anker & Jeng 2007). A long overdue revision of Arete is currently impeded by lack of fresh material (with colour photographs and reliable echinoid host data) from type localities of numerous forms currently considered as junior synonyms of either A. indicus or A. dorsalis (e. g., Banner & Banner 1960, 1973; Miya & Miyake 1968; Suzuki 1970). In the closely related genus, Athanas Leach, 1814, which differs from Arete mainly by the presence of five subarticles in the second pereiopod carpus (Anker & Jeng 2007), the only species with robust, non-foldable chelipeds and prominent supra-orbital teeth is the wide-ranging A. areteformis Coutière, 1903 (presumably a species complex). However, A. areteformis is not known to associate with sea urchins and has a very different colour pattern (Minemizu 2013: 109, colour photograph), in addition to numerous other morphological differences with the new species (cf. Coutière 1903; Banner & Banner 1973). On the other hand, two other species of Athanas with chelipeds carried extended are known to be symbionts of sea urchins in temperate waters, viz. A. granti Coutière, 1908 (southern Australia) and A. mendax Ahyong, 2015 (Kermadec Islands, north-east off New Zealand) (Coutière 1908; Banner & Banner 1973; Ahyong 2015). Both species can be readily distinguished from A. cornutus sp. nov. by the absence of supra-orbital teeth and several other details of morphology (see also below). Even though none of the ATIMO VATAE specimens of A. cornutus sp. nov. was accompanied by notes on specific sea urchin hosts, R. Hipeau-Jacquotte’s specimens from Toliara (MNHN-IU- 2018 - 5690) were found in a larger lot together with specimens of A. indicus, suggesting that the host of both species may be Echinometra mathaei (Blainville, 1825) or a closely related species (cf. Gherardi 1991; Gherardi & Calloni 1993). A likely association of A. cornutus sp. nov. with Echinometra sp. is also supported by the striped type of colour pattern, which also characterises A. indicus and A. acanthocarpus (Suzuki 1970; Gherardi 1991; Minemizu 2013). Nevertheless, only collection of specimens of A. cornutus sp. nov. in association with Echinometra sp. could confirm the herein presumed symbiosis. As noted by Ahyong (2015), A. mendax presents several intermediate characters between Athanas and Arete. In the general shape of the chelipeds, telson (including size and position of spiniform setae), third maxilliped, antennular peduncle, third to fifth pereiopods (including stout biunguiculate dactylus), as well as the greatly expanded incisor process of the mandible and posteriorly acuminate sternite of the sixth pleonite, A. mendax approaches species of Arete. On the other hand, the second pereiopod carpus with five subarticles in adults and the presence of a strap-like epipod (mastigobranch) on the third pereiopod, both features being present in A. mendax, are diagnostic characters of Athanas. Therefore, the generic assignment of A. mendax and more generally the recognition of Arete as a separate genus from Athanas (for detailed discussions see Banner & Banner 1960 and Anker & Jeng 2007) would require confirmation by a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the entire athanoid clade (Anker et al. 2006; Chow et al. 2021; Anker 2022 a). Within this clade, two or three instances of ecological convergence, i. e., symbioses with echinoids and the resulting convergent morphological adaptations, are exemplified by (1) species currently assigned to Arete, (2) A. granti (which appears to be more closely related to A. areteformis and A. nitescens (Leach, 1814) than to A. mendax, despite the shared presence of a flap on the sternum of the fifth pleonite in A. granti and A. dorsalis sensu Banner & Banner 1973), and perhaps (3) A. mendax (if shown to be neither a sister taxon to nor nested within Arete).	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	description	(Fig. 4)	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: female (cl 4.3 mm), MNHN-IU- 2019 - 5917, Mozambique Channel, Îles Glorieuses, BIOMAGLO sta. CP 4796, 11 ° 26 ’ 30.5 ” S 47 ° 20 ’ 33.1 ” E (11.441816 47.342533), depth 80 – 147 m, beam trawl, leg. MNHN team, 23.01.2017.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	description	Description. Small-sized alpheid shrimp (holotype: cl 4.3 mm). Body moderately stout. Carapace subcylindrical, smooth, not setose. Rostrum short, acuminate, subtriangular, about 1.5 times as long as wide at base, with some erect setae distally; tip not reaching distal margin of first article of antennular peduncle (Fig. 4 A, B). Orbital hoods somewhat angular anteriorly, without produced teeth; mesial margin noticeably oblique, forming a 90 ° angle with rostrum (Fig. 4 A, B). Rostro-orbital process well developed, bulging ventrally between eyes. Pterygostomial angle rounded, slightly protruding (Fig. 4 B). Cardiac notch moderately developed. Pleon smooth, cylindrical, glabrous; first to fourth pleonites with pleura posteroventrally rounded, second pleura enlarged; fifth pleuron posteroventrally somewhat angular; sixth pleonite with blunt posterolateral angle. Telson relatively broad, gradually tapering posteriorly, with slightly convex lateral margins, 1.8 times as long as greatest width; dorsal surface with two pairs of slender spiniform setae inserted submarginally, first just anterior to mid-length, second at about 0.7 of length; posterior margin about third as long as anterior margin, slightly rounded in its centre, with one pair of slender spiniform setae at each posterolateral angle, mesial spiniform setae more than twice as long as lateral ones, and four long plumose setae between mesial spiniform setae (Fig. 4 C). Cornea of eye moderate in size, normally pigmented, completely concealed in dorsal view, only anterior-most portion visible in lateral view (Fig. 4 A, B). Antennular peduncle stout; visible portion of first article short; stylocerite subacute distally, slightly overreaching distal margin of first article; second article square-shaped, about as long as wide; third article shortest; dorsolateral flagellum with short accessory ramus and four groups of aesthetascs along ventral surface, fused portion composed of at least three subdivisions (Fig. 4 A, B). Antenna with basicerite moderately stout, armed with large, acute tooth on distolateral margin; scaphocerite not overreaching distal end of antennular peduncle, blade relatively broad, distolateral tooth prominent, reaching beyond distal margin of blade and separated from blade by deep cleft, lateral margin straight; carpocerite long, subcylindrical, reaching well beyond scaphocerite and end of antennular peduncle; flagellum slender in comparison to dorsolateral flagellum of antennule (Fig. 4 A, B). Mouthparts not dissected, appearing typical for genus in external view. Third maxilliped slender; coxa with distally subcute lateral (coxal) plate and subacute ventral process; antepenultimate article about 6.5 times as long as wide, moderately setose along ventral margin; penultimate article short, about 1.7 times as long as proximal width, slightly widening distally, distodorsal margin armed with two stout spiniform setae; ultimate article about 0.6 times as long as antepenultimate article, gently tapering distally, mesial surface with dense transverse rows of microserrulate setae, apex armed with crown of at least five slender corneous spiniform setae; exopod slender, not reaching distal margin of antepenultimate article; arthrobranch small (Fig. 4 D). Major cheliped of moderate size compared to body in female; ischium very short, with blunt dorsal lobe; merus not particularly swollen, about 3.2 times as long as greatest width, with acutely produced distodorsal angle; carpus cup-shaped, with blunt ventral lobe; palm subcylindrical, somewhat elongate, about three times as long as wide, with single, subacute, obliquely upwards directed, distodorsal tooth; fingers unequal in length, with dactylus tip noticeably exceeding pollex tip, 0.33 (dactylus) – 0.28 (pollex) times length of palm; dactylus rounded distally, slightly off-set mesially from main chela + pollex axis (Fig. 4 E – H) [Note: the dactylar plunger was not observed due to a very firm closure of the chela fingers and an increased risk of breaking the dactylo-propodal articulation while attempting to open them]. Minor cheliped comparatively large, although more slender than major cheliped and with much smaller and shorter chela; coxa and basis unarmed; ischium short; merus slender, somewhat widening distally, about four times as long as greatest width, with acutely produced distodorsal angle; carpus vase-shaped; palm subcylindrical, somewhat compressed, about 1.5 times as long as wide; fingers subequal in length, slightly longer than palm, gently twisted laterally, with bidentate corneous tips; dorsal surface of dactylus with several rows of gambarelloid setae in distal half, appearing as dense brush (Fig. 4 I, J). Second pereiopod moderately slender, short; coxa and basis unarmed; ischium distinctly shorter than merus; carpus as long as merus, with five subarticles, first about as long as remaining four combined; chela simple, slightly longer than first carpal subarticle, with several tufts of stiff setae distally (Fig. 4 K). Third pereiopod moderately slender; coxa with stout spiniform seta on ventral margin; ischium slightly widening distally, less than half-length of merus; merus 4.5 times as long as wide, not swollen; carpus about 0.4 length of merus, much more slender, with small distoventral spinule; propodus as long as merus, more slender than carpus, distally narrowing, with seven spiniform setae along ventral margin and two spiniform setae (one lateral and one mesial) on distoventral margin near propodo-dactylar articulation; dactylus stout, gently curved, less than 0.2 length of propodus, biunguiculate, secondary unguis subparallel to main (terminal) unguis, flexor margin between two ungui broadly U-shaped (Fig. 4 L, M). Fourth pereiopod generally similar to third, slightly more slender. Fifth pereiopod much more slender than third and fourth; propodus with five spiniform setae along ventral margin and about nine rows of microserrulate setae forming grooming brush on distolateral surface. Second to fifth pleopods with appendix interna. Uropod with lateral portion of protopod acutely produced; exopod with strong distolateral tooth flanked mesially by slender spiniform seta, latter not reaching distal margin of exopod; diaeresis somewhat uneven, complete, with acute lateral tooth adjacent to spiniform seta; endopod ovate, as long as exopod, without specific features (Fig. 4 N). Gill / exopod formula typical for genus (Coutière 1899; Chace 1988). Colour pattern. Unknown.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet gloriosus (Latin for glorious, famous, outstanding, etc.) derives from the type locality, Îles Glorieuses, also referring to the new species’ morphological distinctiveness; used as an adjective.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Îles Glorieuses (Glorioso Islands), French overseas territory in the northern Mozambique Channel.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Western Indian Ocean: presently known only from the type locality in the Mozambique Channel.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology. The holotype of S. gloriosus sp. nov. was dredged from a depth of 80 – 147 m. The species appears to inhabit deep-water reefs and its morphology strongly suggests that it is probably associated with sponges. The social organisation of S. gloriosus sp. nov., i. e., whether the species is pair-living or eusocial, remains unknown.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Synalpheus gloriosus sp. nov. belongs to a small and probably non-monophyletic group of Indo-West Pacific species of Synalpheus characterised by the minor chela bearing a more or less dense brush of distally curved setae, disposed in one or several rows along the dorsal surface of the dactylus, also known as gambarelloid setae (Anker et al. 2012). The gambarelloid setae appear to have evolved convergently in some Indo-West Pacific species and in the largely Atlantic / eastern Pacific S. gambarelloides (Nardo, 1847) species group (Ríos & Duffy 2007; Hultgren et al. 2014; Ashrafi & Hultgren 2023). The recently shown non-monophyly of the S. gambarelloides species group (Ashrafi & Hultgren 2023) provided an additional strong argument in favour of the retention of all members of this group within Synalpheus (see Anker & De Grave 2008 for discussion). In the Indo-West Pacific, the species with a well-developed row of gambarelloid setae are: (1) S. haddoni Coutière, 1900 (northern Australia); (2) S. sladeni Coutière, 1908 (Mauritius, Red Sea, see also below); (3) S. lophodactylus Coutière, 1908 (Chagos, Marshall Islands, Australia, South China Sea); (4) S. spongicola Banner & Banner, 1981 (Red Sea); (5) S. crosnieri Banner & Banner, 1983 (Madagascar, Seychelles, Kenya); (6) S. sponjy Ashrafi & Hultgren, 2023 (Madagascar); and (7) S. calypso Ashrafi, 2024 (Seychelles) (Coutière 1900, 1908, 1909, 1921; Banner & Banner 1975, 1981, 1983; Wang & Sha 2015; Ashrafi & Hultgren 2023; Ashrafi 2024). In addition, Banner & Banner (1983) reported a rather enigmatic species from Toliara, Madagascar, under the name S. gambarelloides (Mediterranean species), without providing a detailed description and / or illustrations. Ashrafi & Hultgren (2023) separated S. sponjy from S. gambarelloides sensu Banner & Banner (1983) by the presence / absence of the rostro-orbital process, respectively, but the taxonomic identity of the Toliara material remains unknown. It must be noted that the record of S. sladeni from north-western Madagascar in Ashrafi & Hultgren (2023: fig. 1, table 1) appears to be based on a misidentified specimen (pers. obs.).	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD052B798CA1FE3A07F3FBC0.taxon	description	The minor chela dactylus of several other species, such as S. hastilicrassus Coutière, 1905 (species complex, widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific) and S. dorae Banner, 1988 (Australia), may have setae or tufts of setae organised in a row-type pattern (Coutière 1905; Banner & Banner 1975; Bruce 1988), however, without forming a dense setal brush, as seen in S. gloriosus sp. nov.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD0A2B7E8CA1FAFE01E6FBC0.taxon	description	(Figs. 5, 6)	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD0A2B7E8CA1FAFE01E6FBC0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. Holotype: male (cl 8.3 mm), MNHN-IU- 2018 - 5290, Madagascar, Nosy Bé, Ambatoloaka, Mission Cherbonnier, sta / nr. 142 G, depth and habitat unknown, 10.06.1960.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD0A2B7E8CA1FAFE01E6FBC0.taxon	description	Description. Carapace smooth, inconspicuously pitted, glabrous. Rostrum well developed, about 1.3 times as long as wide at base, horizontal, subacute distally, not reaching distal margin of first article of antennular peduncle, with two short setae; rostral carina well demarcated, blunt, not rising above orbital hoods in its anterior part, gently sloping into shallow adrostral furrows, continuing beyond level of eyes, then slightly widening and flattening, not extending beyond base of orbital hoods posteriorly (Fig. 5 A, B). Rostro-orbital region somewhat produced anteriorly (Fig. 5 A, B). Orbital hoods swollen, slightly projecting anteriorly in lateral view, unarmed; frontal margin between rostrum and orbital hood shallowly concave (Fig. 5 A, B). Pterygostomial angle rounded (Fig. 5 B); cardiac notch deep. Telson moderately broad, subrectangular, tapering distally, about 1.9 times as long as maximal width; lateral margins slightly constricted at about 0.7 telson length, almost parallel in posterior third; dorsal surface with two pairs of very stout spiniform setae both inserted at considerable distance from lateral margin, first pair at about 0.4 telson mid-length, second pair at about 0.7 telson length, mid-dorsal groove not distinct; posterior margin broadly rounded, with row of short spiniform setae above long plumose setae; posterolateral angles each with one pair of spiniform setae, mesial spiniform setae almost three times as long as lateral ones (Fig. 5 C). Cornea of eye large, well pigmented; eyes completely enclosed by orbital hoods (Fig. 5 A. B). Antennular peduncle moderately stout, not particularly elongate, ventromesial carina with wide tooth ending in small subacute point; stylocerite not particularly swollen laterally, ending in sharp point, latter falling short of distal margin of first article; second article 1.8 – 1.9 times as long as wide; dorsolateral antennular flagellum with accessory ramus fused to main ramus over most of its length, ending in short stump, with several groups of aesthetascs distally (Fig. 5 A, B, D). Antenna with basicerite short, stout, armed with sharp tooth on distoventral margin; scaphocerite overreaching distal end of antennular peduncle, blade moderately broad, distolateral tooth prominent, reaching well beyond distal margin of blade and separated from blade by deep cleft, lateral margin slightly concave; carpocerite not particularly elongate, stout, subcylindrical, reaching slightly beyond scaphocerite and well beyond end of antennular peduncle; flagellum not particularly thickened (Fig. 5 A, B). Mouthparts not dissected, typical for genus in external observation. Third maxilliped rather stout; coxa with large, subacutely projecting lateral plate above strap-like epipod; antepenultimate article about 4.5 times as long as high, flattened on ventrolateral surface, with distinct longitudinal ridge running parallel to dorsal margin on lateral surface and ending in blunt distodorsal prominence; penultimate article very short, cup-shaped, wider distally than proximally, not bulging ventrally, not particularly setose; ultimate article about 0.7 length of antepenultimate article, compressed, very setose, more so distally, length of some distal setae exceeding length of ultimate article; arthrobranch well developed (Fig. 5 E, F). Major cheliped robust; ischium stout, smooth; merus very stout but not swollen, trigonal in cross-section, about 2.1 times as long as maximal width, setose (most notably, with long setae along dorsal, distal and ventromesial margins), distodorsal angle ending bluntly, dorsal and ventromesial margin crenulated, latter armed with short spiniform setae in proximal half and with large, stout, sharp distal tooth; carpus cup-shaped, short; chela not particularly elongate, stout; palm compressed, subrectangular in cross-section, smooth, about twice as long as wide, dorsal surface without pronounced ridges, distodorsal surface with deep, oblique transverse groove; fingers somewhat unequal in length with dactylus markedly longer than pollex, about 0.6 length of palm, not twisted or significantly deviating from chela axis; dactylus distally rounded, with plunger in form of prominent tooth, well demarcated from anterior occlusal edge; ventral surface of palm and pollex covered with long setae; adhesive disks small (Fig. 6 A – D). Minor cheliped robust; ischium short, with shallow sulcus on lateral surface; merus somewhat swollen, about 2.2 times as long as maximal width, setose (most notably, with long setae along dorsal and ventral margins), distodorsal angle blunt, dorsal, ventrolateral and ventromesial margins somewhat crenulated, latter armed with short, stout spiniform setae in proximal half and with small, blunt distal tooth, lateral surface with faint sulcus proximally; carpus cup-shaped, longer than that of major chela, distally widening; chela moderately slender, not particularly elongate or swollen; palm subcylindrical, slightly compressed, smooth, about twice as long as high, distodorsal surface without transverse groove; fingers subequal in length with tip of dactylus slightly surpassing that of pollex, about 1.2 times as long as palm, somewhat gaping, tips strongly curved and crossing; dactylus not conspicuously expanded; rows of densely inserted, plumose balaeniceps setae present along occlusal margins on each side of dactylus and pollex; ventral and distal surfaces of palm, pollex and distal surface of dactylus densely covered with long setae, some reaching far beyond finger tips and forming long setal brush; adhesive disks small (Fig. 6 E – G). Second pereiopod slender; ischium longer than merus; carpus with five subarticles, first and second subequal in length; chela noticeably longer than distal-most carpal subarticle (Fig. 5 G). Third pereiopod moderately robust; ischium with large, stout spiniform seta on ventrolateral surface; merus almost four times as long as maximal width, ventral margin unarmed, distal ventrolateral angle without tooth; carpus about 0.6 length of merus, more slender, unarmed; propodus slightly longer than carpus, with numerous spiniform setae of various size along ventral and ventrolateral margins and one distal pair of long spiniform setae near propodo-dactylar articulation; dactylus about half-length of propodus, gradually curving distally, with longitudinal keel, trigonal in cross-section, more conical than subspatulate (Fig. 5 H, I). Fourth pereiopod generally similar to third pereiopod, somewhat more slender. Fifth pereiopod much more slender than third and fourth; ischium with stout spiniform seta on ventrolateral surface; merus somewhat curved, about five times as long as wide; carpus not significantly narrower than merus, about 0.9 length of merus; propodus subequal to carpus in length, with several spiniform setae (some broken off in the holotype) along ventromesial margin and at least six rows of microserrulate setae forming grooming brush on distolateral surface; dactylus conical, slender, 0.6 times length of propodus (Fig. 5 J, K). Male second pleopod with appendix masculina slightly exceeding appendix interna, densely covered with long, stiff setae, mainly on apex (Fig. 5 L). Uropod broad; mesial and lateral lobes of protopod each ending in sharp distal tooth; exopod and endopod broadly ovate, endopod noticeably smaller; exopod with strong distolateral tooth flanked mesially by long slender spiniform seta, latter not reaching distal margin of exopod; diaeresis somewhat uneven, with broad blunt lateral lobe adjacent to spiniform seta; endopod with row of small spiniform setae above plumose setae on distal margin (Fig. 5 M). Gill-exopod formula typical for genus (Coutière 1899; Chace 1988). Colour pattern. Unknown.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD0A2B7E8CA1FAFE01E6FBC0.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species is named after the late Michel Ledoyer (1937 – 2015) (formerly associated with Station Marine d’Endoume, Marseille), a well-known French carcinologist specialised in Peracarida, for his numerous contributions to the taxonomic knowledge of the crustacean fauna of Madagascar, including two major studies on caridean shrimps (Ledoyer 1969, 1970).	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD0A2B7E8CA1FAFE01E6FBC0.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality. Nosy Bé, north-western Madagascar.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD0A2B7E8CA1FAFE01E6FBC0.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Presently known only from the type locality in north-western Madagascar.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD0A2B7E8CA1FAFE01E6FBC0.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology. Unknown.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
3777878EAD0A2B7E8CA1FAFE01E6FBC0.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Alpheus ledoyeri sp. nov. belongs to the A. brevirostris (Olivier, 1811) species group, defined mainly by the compressed, more or less elongate major chela, with the palm subrectangular in cross-section (Coutière 1899). Several species originally placed in this group by Coutière (1899) and subsequent workers (e. g., Crosnier & Forest 1966; Banner & Banner 1982; Chace 1988; Bruce 1994), such as A. glaber (Olivi, 1792) and A. barbatus Coutière, 1897 [Coutière (1897 a)], were recovered outside of the main A. brevirostris clade in the most recent molecular phylogeny of Alpheus (Hurt et al. 2021), pointing to the necessity for a redefinition of the A. brevirostris group. Nevertheless, all morphological characters of A. ledoyeri sp. nov. suggest that it belongs to the “ core ” A. brevirostris group. Within the A. brevirostris group, A. ledoyeri sp. nov. must be first of all compared with several Indo-West Pacific species having the following characteristics: (1) carapace and pleon glabrous, not pubescent; (2) orbital hoods rounded, unarmed; (3) mid-dorsal carina of carapace moderately developed, not reaching beyond orbital hoods; (4) major chela not extremely elongate and slender; (5) major chela palm with a deep transverse notch on distodorsal surface; (6) minor chela fingers not gaping, with rows of balaeniceps setae, dactylus not conspicuously broadened; (7) second pereiopod carpus with first and second subarticles subequal in length; and (8) dactylus of the third, fourth and fifth pereiopods trigonal, only slightly expanded, subspatulate. Using the incomplete and now also outdated key to the Indo-West Pacific members of the A. brevirostris group in Bruce (1994), A. ledoyeri sp. nov. keys out to the A. djeddensis Coutière, 1897 [Coutière (1897 b)] – A. djiboutensis De Man, 1909 species complex, which was partly revised by Anker (2022 b, 2022 c, 2024). The new species can be immediately separated from all species of the A. djeddensis – A. djiboutensis complex by the distal portion of the minor chela fingers, especially pollex, carrying unusually long, far-reaching setae, forming a loose brush (cf. Fig. 6 E, G; illustrations in Banner & Banner 1982; Purushothaman et al. 2021; Anker 2022 b, 2022 c, 2024). In addition, in A. ledoyeri sp. nov., the rostral carina is short and not continued by a strong mid-dorsal carina beyond the base of orbital hoods, as in A. djeddensis and allied forms (cf. Fig. 5 A; Anker 2022 b, 2022 c, 2024), being similar in length to the carina in A. mannarensis Purushothaman, Abhilash, Ajith Kumar & Lal, 2021 (Purushothaman et al. 2021: fig. 2 B). Another difference between A. ledoyeri sp. nov. and most species of the A. djeddensis – A. djiboutensis complex is the relative length of the first and second carpal subarticles in the second pereiopod: they are subequal in the new species, whereas in A. djeddensis and most related species, the first subarticle is noticeably longer than the second (cf. Fig. 5 E, G; same references as above). The only exceptions are A. thompsoni Anker, 2022, in which the first and second subarticles are subequal in length, and A. mannarensis, in which the second subarticle is much longer than the first (Purushothaman et al. 2021: fig. 3 G; Anker 2022 b: fig. 1 F). The distomesial tooth of the major cheliped merus is very prominent and stout in A. ledoyeri sp. nov. (Fig. 6 B); this tooth is reduced or at most moderately developed in most species of the A. djeddensis – A. djiboutensis complex (same references as above), except for the Red Sea species tentatively identified as A. cf. djiboutensis in Anker (2024: fig. 32 G). Finally, A. ledoyeri sp. nov. can be separated from each of the species treated and illustrated by Anker (2022 b, 2022 c, 2024), as well as from A. mannarensis in Purushothaman et al. (2021), by at least three additional characters, including proportions of the minor chela, third pereiopod merus and telson, shape of the antennal scaphocerite, length and stoutness of the ultimate article of the third maxilliped, etc. Several other Indo-West Pacific shallow-water species of the A. brevirostrris group have a certain number of characters in common with A. ledoyeri sp. nov., most notably the presence of a deep notch on the distodorsal surface of the major chela and / or well-developed balaeniceps condition on the minor chela fingers. These species are: A. platyunguiculatus (Banner, 1953); A. cythereus Banner & Banner, 1966; A. arenicolus Banner & Banner, 1983; A. moretensis Banner & Banner, 1982; A. savuensis De Man, 1908; A. pubescens De Man, 1908; A. tenuicarpus De Man, 1908; A. williamsi Bruce, 1994; A. fenneri Bruce, 1994; A. stephensoni Banner & Smalley, 1969; and A. zulfaquiri Kazmi, 1982. Among them, only A. arenicolus, A. tenuicarpus and A. zulfaquiri are known from the western Indian Ocean (Banner & Banner 1981, 1983; Kazmi 1982). However, each of these species differs from A. ledoyeri sp. nov. by a combination of several characters. Most of them don’t have a conspicuous brush of long setae on the minor chela fingers, which is characteristic for the new species (cf. De Man 1908, 1911; Banner 1953; Banner & Banner 1966, 1982; Banner & Smalley 1969; Kazmi 1982). Further, A. pubescens and A. williamsi have pubescent carapaces, which is not the case of A. ledoyeri sp. nov.; A. fenneri has a greatly reduced and feebly bulging plunger on the major chela dactylus, whereas in A. ledoyeri sp. nov., the plunger is very distinct; A. platyunguiculatus and A. savuensis both have very short, stout minor chelae, compared to the much longer minor chela in the new species; A. cythereus differs from A. ledoyeri sp. nov. by the minor chela fingers more conspicuously gaping, the distally twisted major chela, and the second subarticle of the second pereiopod much longer than the first; in A. arenicolus (holotype examined, see comparative material), the major chela palm does not have a deep oblique notch, as in the new species, but rather a broad shallow sinus, whilst the antennular peduncle is noticeably longer; in A. tenuicarpus, in which the minor cheliped fingers have some elongate setae distally (although by far not as numerous and long as in A. ledoyeri sp. nov.), the major chela palm has no trace of a distodorsal notch; the minor chela of the species described as A. zulfaquiri (see below) has proportionally much longer fingers, whereas the major chela dactylus has a large bulge in front of the plunger, a feature not observed in A. ledoyeri sp. nov.; A. moretensis has a posteriorly far-reaching mid-dorsal carina (which is very short in the new species) and the plunger of the major chela dactylus is lower and anteriorly more confluent with the occlusal margin; finally, A. stephensoni greatly differs from A. ledoyeri sp. nov., for example, by the conspicuously granulated carapace and chelipeds, and the much longer antennular peduncle. Most of the above-listed species seem to be only distantly related to the new species, with the possible exception of A. tenuicarpus and A. arenicolus. It must be noted that the taxonomic status of A. zulfaquiri, which for some reason was not included in Bruce’s (1994) key to the Indo-West Pacific species of the A. brevirostris group, needs to be reassessed. More precisely, this taxon needs to be carefully compared with the holotype of A. dispar Randall, 1840, the dried chelipeds of which were illustrated by Bruce (1994: fig. 6 D). The identity of specimens from Singapore identified as A. dispar in Anker & De Grave (2016) also needs confirmation.	en	Anker, Arthur (2025): Three new species of the shrimp family Alpheidae from the south-western Indian Ocean (Decapoda: Caridea). Zootaxa 5659 (1): 51-68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5659.1.3
