identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
BA2FE6316A0F5F2784CA2F4EFE3E044B.text	BA2FE6316A0F5F2784CA2F4EFE3E044B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conoideocrella fenshuilingensis Hong Yu bis, Zhi Li Yang, Z. Q. Wang & J. M. Ma	<div><p>Conoideocrella fenshuilingensis Hong Yu bis, Zhi Li Yang, Z. Q. Wang &amp; J. M. Ma, J. Fungi 10 (6): 13 (2024)</p><p>Fig. 2</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera) from Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze ( Theaceae). Teleomorph: Stromata creamy white to dirty white, entirely covering the scale insects, flattened scutate or hemi-globose, cottony, surrounded by a creamy-white dense hypothallus, 770–900 µm in diameter. Upon subsequent digestion, pale yellow mycelial residues remain. Perithecia mostly distributed on the hypothallus, or poorly at the margin of the stroma, scattered, pale olive gold, covered with milky white hyphae, elongated flask-shaped or elongated conic shape. Anamorph: hirsutella-like.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 38–42 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, pale yellow in the center, creamy white at periphery, circular, flat, floccose, abundant aerial mycelium, without aerial mycelium towards periphery, margin entire, reverse vivid golden yellow, with yellow pigment diffusing into the medium. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, arising directly from aerial hyphae, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, 1 - septate at base, gradually tapering towards the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides narrowly cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (33 –) 40–67 (– 78) × 1.3–2.1 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in slimy heads, 0–1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, 5.8–8.5 (– 9.4) × 1.7–2.4 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 38–40 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, off-white, circular, flat, slightly convex in the center, crater-shaped, floccose to cottony, abundant aerial mycelium, generating several concentric rings, margin entire, reverse pale straw yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, arising directly from aerial hyphae, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering towards the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides narrowly cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (24 –) 33–38 (– 46) × 1.3–3 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in slimy heads, 0–1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, (5.5 –) 6.5–8 × 1.9–2.8 (– 3.2) µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 35–38 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, dark umber brown, circular, flat, floccose, sparse aerial mycelium, arranged in radially lines, margin entire, reverse dark bronze brown, with yellow pigment diffusing into the medium. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, arising directly from aerial and substratal hyphae, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering towards the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides narrowly cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (50 –) 60–108 (– 150) × 1.9–2.4 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in slimy heads, 0–1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, (6.7 –) 7.5–13 (– 14.4) × 1.9–3.1 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Scale insect ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>China (Yunnan, Sichuan).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Meishan City, Hongya County, Gaomiao Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.235275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.59278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.235275/lat 29.59278)">Huayuan Village</a>, 29°35'34"N, 103°14'07"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis, 18 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0212, living culture SICAUCC 25-0180 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>Conoideocrella fenshuilingensis was originally isolated from scale insects in Yunnan Province, with only the morphological features of its teleomorph having been described (Wang et al. 2024 b). In the present phylogenetic analysis, strain SICAUCC 25-0180 clustered within the clade of C. fenshuilingensis (culture ex-type YHH CFFSL 2310002 and YHH CFFSL 2310003) with maximal statistical support (100 % MLBS / 1.00 BPP; Fig. 1). Morphologically, our strain exhibits stromatal and perithecial characteristics comparable to those of the type specimen, with the only discrepancy being perithecial color (pale olive gold vs. pale brown to black) (Wang et al. 2024 b). The color variation may be attributable to a different developmental stage or environmental factors. This study constitutes the first report of C. fenshuilingensis in Sichuan Province, additionally documents the first simultaneous observation of both anamorphic and teleomorphic states for the taxon.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BA2FE6316A0F5F2784CA2F4EFE3E044B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
F453B7B465115138B39E908333840482.text	F453B7B465115138B39E908333840482.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conoideocrella gongyashanensis L. B. Lin & J. Zhi Qiu	<div><p>Conoideocrella gongyashanensis L. B. Lin &amp; J. Zhi Qiu, Frontiers Microbiol. 16: 11 (2025)</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera) from Chimonobambusa Makino. Teleomorph: Stromata bright yellow to yellowish brown, entirely covering the scale insects, pulvinate or scutate, cottony, surrounded by a yellowish brown dense hypothallus. Perithecia densely distributed on the hypothallus, a few at the margin of the stroma, clustered, slightly convex, basal bright yellow, topmost bright orange, elongated flask-shaped to ovoid, ostiolate with long-beaked papilla. Anamorph: hirsutella-like.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 27–30 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, cream white, circular, flat, felty, abundant aerial mycelium, arranged radially, generating several concentric rings, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin entire, reverse central dark brown, pale olive gold at periphery. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, arising directly from aerial hyphae, monophialidic, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides narrowly cylindrical, acicular or subulate, lateral, 60–80 (– 90) × 2–2.8 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, producing 2 conidia per phialide, 1–2 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with large and small guttules, 10–15 × 2.3–3.7 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 30–32 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, cream white, circular, flat, floccose or felty, crater-shaped, abundant aerial mycelium, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin entire, reverse uniformly pale golden beige. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, straight, arising directly from aerial hyphae, monophialidic, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides narrowly cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (54 –) 65–80 (– 85) × 2.1–3.4 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, producing 2 conidia per phialide, 1–2 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with large and small guttules, 9–14.5 × 2.6–4.2 μm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 40–42 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, bright golden orange to dark apricot brown, circular, flat, membranous, sparse aerial mycelium, arranged in radial lines, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin entire, reverse pale orange yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, arising directly from aerial hyphae, monophialidic, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thicker than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides narrowly cylindrical or subulate, lateral, 70–85 (– 98) × 2.1–3.4 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, producing 2 conidia per phialide, 1–2 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with large and small guttules, 10–14 (– 16) × 2.3–3.5 (– 4.3) µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Spiders ( Araneae), scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>China (Fujian, Sichuan).</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Ya’an City, Yingjing County, Longcanggou Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.87972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.644167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.87972/lat 29.644167)">Longcanggou National Forest Park</a>, 29°38'39"N, 102°52'47"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Chimonobambusa Makino, 18 Jul. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0217, living culture SICAUCC 25-0185 ; • ibid. SICAU 25-0218, living culture SICAUCC 25-0186; Meishan City, Hongya County, Gaomiao Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.235275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.59278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.235275/lat 29.59278)">Huayuan Village</a>, 29°35'34"N, 103°14'07"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis, 17 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0219, living culture SICAUCC 25-0187 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In our phylogenetic analysis, our new isolates (SICAUCC 25-0185 to 25-0187) clustered with Conoideocrella gongyashanensis (culture ex-type CGMCC 3.28305 and CGMCC 3.28306) with 100 % MLBS and 1.00 BPP statistical support (Fig. 1). Morphologically, our new isolates are similar to the ex-type strain of C. gongyashanensis in possessing monophialidic, unbranched, septate, hyaline conidiophores, lateral, cylindrical or subulate phialides, and fusiform, guttulate, 1–2 - septate, hyaline conidia. Based on phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics, we identified our new isolates as C. gongyashanensis . Lin et al. (2025) found C. gongyashanensis parasitizing dead spiders attached to fallen leaves in Fujian Province, and originally described the morphological features of its anamorph. In contrast, our new isolates were collected from scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Chimonobambusa Makino and Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze in Sichuan Province, and this study documents the first simultaneous observation of both anamorphic and teleomorphic states for this taxon. This identification represents a new host and a new geographical record for this species in Sichuan Province, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/F453B7B465115138B39E908333840482	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
7734B4CF9F625249966335B296926B0F.text	7734B4CF9F625249966335B296926B0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conoideocrella jiufengensis Feng Liu & Chun L. Yang 2026	<div><p>Conoideocrella jiufengensis Feng Liu &amp; Chun L. Yang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 4</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to Jiufeng Mountain where it was collected.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Similar to Conoideocrella krungchingensis in having comparable morphology of stromata, conidiophores, and conidia, but C. jiufengensis differs by its larger stromata with different color, longer phialides, transverse septa of conidia, and significant nucleotide differences in LSU and tef 1 - α.</p><p>Type.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Pengzhou City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.85472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.313889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.85472/lat 31.313889)">Jiufeng Mountain</a>, 31°18'50"N, 103°51'17"E, on scale insects from Chimonobambusa quadrangularis (Franceschi) Makino, 11 Dec. 2023, Feng Liu, holotype SICAU 24-0194, culture ex-type SICAUCC 24-0208 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on the scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera) attached to the underside of living leaves of bamboo. Teleomorph: Infected hosts were covered with orange yellow to pure yellow mycelium layer. Stromata pale yellow to orange yellow, entirely covering and arising from the hosts, pulvinate, cottony, surrounded by orange yellow to pure yellow hypothallus. Perithecia mostly distributed on the hypothallus, or poorly at the margin of the stroma, scattered or clustered, visible as raised, basal pure yellow, topmost orange yellow, elongated flask-shaped to ovoid, 385–500 × 150–240 µm, ostiolate with long beaked papilla. Anamorph: hirsutella-like.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 28–30 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, pale brown in the center, orange yellow at periphery, circular, flat, cottony to felty with abundant aerial mycelium, closely appressed to the agar surface, radially folded, margin entire, reverse rust. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial and substratal mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (48.7 –) 50–80 (– 88.5) × 1.6–3.1 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of two at the neck apex, 1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, (9.5 –) 10–16.2 × 2–3.6 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 25–28 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, pale yellow to greyish red, circular, flat, cottony to felty with abundant aerial mycelium, closely appressed to the agar surface, slightly radially folded, margin entire, reverse rust in the center and pale yellow at the margin. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial and substratal mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (68.7 –) 70–90 (– 95.5) × 1.7–3.1 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of two at the neck apex, 1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, 10–16.1 × 2.5–3.6 (– 4.1) µm. Chlamydospores present, terminal or lateral, cylindrical or hockey-stick shaped, flexuous, 1–3 septate, hyaline, smooth-, thick-walled.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 28–30 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, greyish white to orange yellow, circular, flat, floccose with moderate aerial mycelium, arranged in radially lines, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin entire, reverse pale orange yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial and substratal mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (56.6 –) 60–80 (– 92) × 1.6–2.7 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of two at the neck apex, 1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, 7.2–15 × 2.1–3.6 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Pengzhou City, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.85472&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=31.313889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.85472/lat 31.313889)">Jiufeng Mountain</a>, 31°18'50"N, 103°51'17"E, on scale insects from Chimonobambusa quadrangularis (Franceschi) Makino, 11 Dec. 2023, Feng Liu, living culture SICAUCC 24-0209 ; • ibid. living culture SICAUCC 24-0210; Ya’an City, Yingjing County, Longcanggou Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.88&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.644331" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.88/lat 29.644331)">Longcanggou National Forest Park</a>, 29°38'39.59"N, 102°52'47.99"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Chimonobambusa Makino, 18 Jul. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0215, living culture SICAUCC 25-0183 ; Ya’an City, Yingjing County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.92916&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.810555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.92916/lat 29.810555)">Chadi Slope</a>, 29°48'38"N, 102°55'45"E, on scale insects infesting the stalks of Chimonobambusa purpurea J. R. Xue &amp; T. P. Yi, 14 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0216, living culture SICAUCC 25-0184 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In our multi-gene phylogenetic analysis (Fig. 1), Conoideocrella jiufengensis (SICAUCC 24-0208 to 24-0210) formed a well-supported sister clade to C. krungchingensis . Conoideocrella jiufengensis produces larger stromata (385–500 × 150–240 µm vs. 220–420 × 100–180 µm) and differs in stromatal color (bright yellow to orange-yellow vs. pale yellow, orange to reddish-brown) compared with C. krungchingensis (Mongkolsamrit et al. 2016) . Conidiophores and conidia of the two species are morphologically similar. However, C. jiufengensis differs significantly from C. krungchingensis in producing longer phialides (50–80 × 1.6–3.1 µm vs. 30–40 × 1–2 µm), and conidia with fewer transverse septa (1 - septate vs. 3–4 septate) on PDA (Mongkolsamrit et al. 2016). The nucleotide differences between our isolate (SICAUCC 24-0208) and the ex-type strain of C. krungchingensis (BCC 36100) are 32.38 % (18 / 715, 0 gaps) and 7.37 % (66 / 895, 0 gaps) in the LSU and tef 1 - α. Consequently, based on combined molecular and morphological evidence, we propose C. jiufengensis as a novel species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7734B4CF9F625249966335B296926B0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
585E0FCD84415196837DD6B6EC266BE4.text	585E0FCD84415196837DD6B6EC266BE4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conoideocrella luteorostrata (Zimm.) D. Johnson, G. H. Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora	<div><p>Conoideocrella luteorostrata (Zimm.) D. Johnson, G. H. Sung, Hywel-Jones &amp; Spatafora, Mycol. Res. 113 (3): 286 (2009)</p><p>Fig. 5</p><p>Synonym.</p><p>Conoideocrella tiankengensis Wan H. Chen, Y. F. Han, J. D. Liang &amp; Jie H. Zhao, MycoKeys 123: 333 (2025)</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on Aleurocanthus spiniferus Quaintance ( Aleyrodidae, Hemiptera) from Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze ( Theaceae). Teleomorph: Stromata milky white when immature, becoming dirty white to pale yellow at maturity, entirely covering the insect hosts, thickened pulvinate, scutate or hemi-globose, cottony, surrounded by a snow-white dense hypothallus, 450–1050 µm in diameter. Perithecia densely distributed at the margin of the stroma or on the hypothallus, clustered, visible as raised, basal pure brown, topmost dark brown, elongated flask-shaped to ovoid, ostiolate with long beaked papilla. Anamorph: hirsutella-like.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 27–30 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, central greyish green, light-colored at periphery, circular, flat, felty, aerial mycelium moderate, arranged radially, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin entire, reverse pale yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from submerged or superficial hyphae, monophialidic, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides cylindrical, acicular or subulate, lateral, (24 –) 28–44 (– 48) × 2–3.4 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of 2–4 at the neck apex, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with large and small guttules, (6.8 –) 7.5–11 × 2.5–4 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 30–32 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, brown yellow to brass yellow, circular, flat, felty, aerial mycelium moderate, arranged radially, slightly folded, closely appressed to the agar surface, powdery while sporulating, margin entire, reverse dark brown in the center and pale yellow at the margin. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, straight, arising directly from aerial or substratal hyphae, monophialidic, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (20.7 –) 24–40 (– 45.2) × 2.1–3.3 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of 2–3 at the neck apex, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with large and small guttules, (6.6 –) 7.2–9.6 (– 10.3) × 2.5–4 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 30–32 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, brown-yellow to brass yellow, circular, flat, felty, aerial mycelium sparse, arranged in radial lines, closely appressed to the agar surface, intense sporulation, margin entire, reverse pale orange yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial or substratal hyphae, monophialidic, unbranched, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thicker than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (16.6 –) 21–30 (– 32) × 2–3.1 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of 2–5 at the neck apex, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with large and small guttules, 7.2–10 (– 10.7) × 2.2–3.3 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Whiteflies ( Aleyrodidae, Hemiptera), scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>China (Sichuan), Cuba, Fiji, Ghana, Guatemala, Java, Mexico, New Zealand, Portugal, Samoa, Seychelles, Sri Lanka, Thailand, USA.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Meishan City, Hongya County, Gaomiao Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.199165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.623333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.199165/lat 29.623333)">Huayuan Village</a>, 29°37'24"N, 103°11'57"E, on Aleurocanthus spiniferus on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis, 18 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0204, living culture SICAUCC 25-0172 ; • ibid. 29°35'34"N, 103°14'07"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Eurya loquaiana Dunn, 18 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0203, living culture SICAUCC 25-0171 ; • ibid. SICAU 25-0205, living culture SICAUCC 25-0173; Ya’an City, Yingjing County, Xinghe County, Niubei Mountain Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.52917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.787222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.52917/lat 29.787222)">Nanmu Village</a>, 29°47'14"N, 102°31'45"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis, 19 Jul. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0202, living culture SICAUCC 25-0170 ; Ya’an City, Yingjing County, Longcanggou Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.76556&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.63139" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.76556/lat 29.63139)">Yuquan Village</a>, 29°37'53"N, 102°45'56"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Eurya loquaiana, 5 Sep. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0206, living culture SICAUCC 25-0174 ; Ya’an City, Tianquan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.73805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.109446" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.73805/lat 30.109446)">Xiaohe Town</a>, 30°06'34"N, 102°44'17"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis, 25 Sep. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0207, living culture SICAUCC 25-0175 ; Leshan City, Jiajiang County, Huatou Town, Maliu Township, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.34583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.731112" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.34583/lat 29.731112)">Guankou Village</a>, 29°43'52"N, 103°20'45"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Machilus pauhoi Kaneh., 19 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0208, living culture SICAUCC 25-0176 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In the phylogenetic analysis, our isolates (SICAUCC 25-0170 to 25-0176) clustered with Conoideocrella luteorostrata (NHJ 11343 and NHJ 12516) and C. tiankengensis (KY 04071 and KY 04072) with 100 % MLBS and 1.00 BPP statistical support (Fig. 1). Conoideocrella tiankengensis was isolated as an entomopathogenic fungus from scale insects on leaves in karst habitats in Guizhou Province, China (Chen et al. 2025 a). Phylogenetically, C. tiankengensis is indistinguishable from C. luteorostrata (Fig. 1), and base pair comparisons between C. tiankengensis (KY 04071) and C. luteorostrata (NHJ 11343) show 0.12 % (1 / 840 bp, 1 gap) in LSU and 0.32 % (3 / 952 bp, without gaps) in tef 1 - α. Morphologically, C. tiankengensis resembles C. luteorostrata, although C. tiankengensis has shorter conidiophores (13.6–23.2 × 1.6–2.6 μm vs. 150–240 × 2.0–3.0 μm) (Hywel-Jones 1993; Chen et al. 2025 a). Our isolates resemble the specimens of C. luteorostrata identified by Hywel-Jones (1993) and Lovett et al. (2022) in terms of morphology and dimensions. Consequently, based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, C. tiankengensis should be regarded as a synonym of C. luteorostrata, and our collections are identified as C. luteorostrata, representing a new provincial record for Sichuan Province, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/585E0FCD84415196837DD6B6EC266BE4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
8175F7FC1EA2546999058300B76E936F.text	8175F7FC1EA2546999058300B76E936F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conoideocrella tenuis (Petch) D. Johnson, G. H. Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora	<div><p>Conoideocrella tenuis (Petch) D. Johnson, G. H. Sung, Hywel-Jones &amp; Spatafora, Mycol. Res. 113 (3): 286 (2009)</p><p>Figs 6, 7</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera) from Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze ( Theaceae). Teleomorph: Stromata milky white when young, turning dirty white at maturity, entirely covering the insect hosts, flattened pulvinate or hemi-globose, cottony, surrounded by a creamy-white sparse hypothallus, 1.5–2.8 mm in diameter. Perithecia densely distributed at the margin of the stroma or a few on the hypothallus, scattered or clustered, pale green when immature, becoming milky white to pale brown at maturity, color darkening from base to apex, elongated flask-shaped or elongated conic shape, ostiolate with long beaked papilla, 495–600 (– 695) × 170–235 µm. Asci cylindrical, 8 - spored, with thickened ascus apex, hyaline, (234 –) 275–370 (– 395) × 4–6.6 µm. Ascus cap hemispherical, hyaline, 2.2–3.1 × 3–3.4 µm. Ascospores filiform, hyaline, easily divided into part-spores after maturity, part-spores cylindrical. Anamorph: hirsutella-like.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 25–28 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, grayish white, circular, flat, cottony to felty with moderate aerial mycelium, closely appressed to the agar surface, radially folded, margin entire, reverse pale yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial and substratal mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, with 1–2 transverse septa, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides slender cylindrical or rod-shaped, lateral, (64 –) 80–122 (– 135) × 1.7–2.4 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of 5–10 at the neck apex, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with guttules, (5.8 –) 6.5–10.5 × 2.2–3.2 (– 3.7) µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 24–27 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, milky white to greyish white, circular, flat, cottony to felty with moderate aerial mycelium, closely appressed to the agar surface, intensely radially folded, margin entire, reverse pale yellowish brown. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, arising directly from aerial and substratal mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, with 1–3 transverse septa, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (45 –) 70–100 (– 120) × 1.8–2.6 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of 3–6 at the neck apex, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with guttules, (6 –) 7–9.5 (– 10.3) × 1.8–3 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 30–33 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, creamy white, circular, flat, floccose, aerial mycelium sparse, arranged in radial lines, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin filiform, reverse pale yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, with 1–4 transverse septa, gradually tapering from the base to the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled, with cell walls usually thinner than those of vegetative hyphae. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (100 –) 113–167 (– 172) × 1.8–2.4 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in a group of 4–10 at the neck apex, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, with guttules, 6–9.5 (– 10.7) × 1.7–3 (– 3.6) µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Whiteflies ( Aleyrodidae, Hemiptera), scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>Belize, China (Yunnan, Sichuan), Japan, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Meishan City, Hongya County, Gaomiao Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.235275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.59278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.235275/lat 29.59278)">Huayuan Village</a>, 29°35'34"N, 103°14'07"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis, 18 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0209, living culture SICAUCC 25-0177 ; • ibid. SICAU 25-0211, living culture SICAUCC 25-0179; Ya’an City, Yingjing County, Niubei Mountain Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=103.199165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.623333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 103.199165/lat 29.623333)">Nanmu Village</a>, 29°37'24"N, 103°11'57"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis, 19 Jul. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0210, living culture SICAUCC 25-0178 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In our three-gene phylogenetic analysis, new strains (SICAUCC 25-0177 to 25-0179) grouped with Conoideocrella tenuis (NHJ 6791, NHJ 6293, and NHJ 345.01), forming a robust clade with strong statistical support (MLBS = 100 %, BPP = 1.00; Fig. 1). Conoideocrella tenuis was initially found on scale insects ( Hemiptera) on the underside of living leaves of dicotyledonous plants in pine forests in Thailand (Hywel-Jones 1993), and Wang et al. (2024 b) subsequently reported this species in Yunnan Province, China. The collection SICAU 25-0210 and strain SICAUCC 25-0177 exhibit morphological characteristics similar to those described by Wang et al. (2024 b), demonstrating comparable dimensions in perithecia (495–600 × 170–235 µm vs 190–500 × 160–270 µm), asci (275–370 × 4–6.6 µm vs 190–480 × 3.3–5.5 µm), phialides (80–122 × 1.7–2.4 µm vs 16.3–149.4 × 0.6–2.4 µm), and conidia (7–9.5 × 1.8–3 µm vs 6.1–12.5 × 1.3–2.3 µm). Consequently, based on the phylogenetic and morphological similarities, we identified our specimens as C. tenuis, representing a new geographical record for this species in Sichuan Province, China.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8175F7FC1EA2546999058300B76E936F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
0DB66BAFF0BA5AC5B2122976F6BE01BD.text	0DB66BAFF0BA5AC5B2122976F6BE01BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conoideocrella violaceomarginata Feng Liu & Chun L. Yang 2026	<div><p>Conoideocrella violaceomarginata Feng Liu &amp; Chun L. Yang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 8</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>In reference to the distinct violet-pigmented ring at the stromatal margin.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Similar to Conoideocrella fenshuilingensis in having comparable morphology of stromata, conidiophores, and conidia, but C. violaceomarginata differs by its smaller stromata with different color, shorter phialides, larger conidia, and significant nucleotide differences in rpb 1 and tef 1 - α.</p><p>Type.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Ya’an City, Tianquan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.73805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.109446" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.73805/lat 30.109446)">Xiaohe Town</a>, 30°06'34"N, 102°44'17"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, 25 Sep. 2025, Feng Liu, holotype SICAU 25-0213, culture ex-type SICAUCC 25-0181 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on the scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera) from Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze ( Theaceae). Teleomorph: Not observed. Anamorph: hirsutella-like. Stromata pale brown to yellowish-brown when young, turning yellowish-orange in the center and bearing a conspicuous violaceous pigmented ring at the margin at maturity, subcircular to pulvinate, scattered, cottony, mycelium arranged in radial lines, completely covering the insect hosts, 0.2–0.4 mm in diameter, intense sporulation with powdery in the center.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 42–45 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, dull pinkish brown in the center, powdery while sporulating, creamy white at periphery, circular, flat, floccose to felty, abundant aerial mycelium, generating several concentric rings in the center, radially folded, margin entire, reverse grayish brown. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, 1–2 - septate, gradually tapering towards the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides narrowly cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (30 –) 32–42 (– 45) × 2–2.9 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in slimy heads, 0–1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, (7.6 –) 8–11.5 (– 12.8) × 1.8–2.6 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 40–43 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, vinaceous buff in the center, powdery while sporulating, creamy white at periphery, circular, flat, floccose to cottony, abundant aerial mycelium, radially folded, margin entire, reverse pale yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, 1–2 - septate, gradually tapering towards the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides narrowly cylindrical or subulate, lateral, (32 –) 37–42 (– 46) × 2–3 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in slimy heads, 0–1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, (7.5 –) 8.5–12 × 1.9–2.8 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 20–30 mm diam after 21 d at 25 ° C, bright red, circular, creamy white at periphery, flat, membranous with sparse aerial mycelium, arranged in radially lines, margin entire, reverse pale fawn. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial and substratal mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched, 1–2 - septate, gradually tapering towards the apex, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides narrowly cylindrical or subulate, lateral, 40–45 × 1.9–2.5 µm. Conidia fusiform and slightly curved, arranged in slimy heads, 0–1 - septate, hyaline, smooth-walled, (7.5 –) 9–12 (– 14.7) × 1.8–2.8 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Ya’an City, Tianquan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.73805&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.109446" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.73805/lat 30.109446)">Xiaohe Town</a>, 30°06'34"N, 102°44'17"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, 25 Sep. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0214, living culture SICAUCC 25-0182 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In the phylogenetic analyses of this study, Conoideocrella violaceomarginata formed a sister clade to C. fenshuilingensis (YHH CFFSL 2310002 and YHH CFFSL 2310003) with 99 % MLBS / 1.00 BPP statistical support (Fig. 1). Morphologically, C. violaceomarginata (SICAU 25-0213) is distinct from the holotype of C. fenshuilingensis (YHH CFFSL 2310002) in having smaller stromata (0.2–0.4 mm vs. 3.0– 3.4 mm), and different color (yellowish-orange vs. snow-white) (Wang et al. 2024 b). In this study, compared to C. fenshuilingensis (SICAUCC 25-0180), C. violaceomarginata (SICAUCC 25-0181) is distinguished by its shorter phialides (32–42 × 2–2.9 µm vs. 40–67 × 1.3–2.1 µm), and larger conidia (8–11.5 × 1.8–2.6 µm vs. 5.8–8.5 × 1.7–2.4 µm) on PDA. Moreover, the nucleotide differences between C. violaceomarginata (SICAUCC 25-0181) and C. fenshuilingensis (YHH CFFSL 2310002) are 6.57 % (47 / 715, 0 gaps) in rpb 1, and 4.82 % (44 / 913, 0 gaps) in tef 1 - α. Consequently, based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, we propose C. violaceomarginata as a new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0DB66BAFF0BA5AC5B2122976F6BE01BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
CC37C9597DD25FC781CAD9FC6745FBA4.text	CC37C9597DD25FC781CAD9FC6745FBA4.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Helicocollum bambusae Feng Liu & Chun L. Yang 2026	<div><p>Helicocollum bambusae Feng Liu &amp; Chun L. Yang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 10</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>In reference to the generic name of host plants.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Similar to Helicocollum krabiensis in having comparable morphology of stromata, conidiophores, and conidia, but Helicocollum bambusae differs by its slimmer phialides, longer helical necks, and significant nucleotide differences in LSU, tef 1 - α, and rpb 1.</p><p>Type.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Pingshan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.024445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.841946" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.024445/lat 28.841946)">Longshang Road</a>, 28°50'31"N, 104°01'28"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Bambusa emeiensis L. C. Chia &amp; H. L. Fung, 19 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, holotype SICAU 25-0222, culture ex-type SICAUCC 25-0190 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera) from Bambusa emeiensis . Teleomorph: Not observed. Anamorph: Stromata pulvinate or tomentose, central slightly raised, superficial, subcircular, scattered to clustered, pale yellowish to orange yellow, mycelium arranged in radial lines, completely covering the host, 0.5–2 mm in diameter, intense sporulation with granular conidial masses in the center.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 8–10 mm diam after 30 d at 25 ° C, pale yellow to yellow brown, raised, felty to pulvinate with sparse aerial mycelium, radially folded, margin crenate, reverse yellow brown. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or slightly curved, arising directly from the substratal mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, verticillate, unbranched or basitonously branched, with 2–5 septa at middle and base, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides mono- or polyphialidic, lateral or terminal, orthotropic, flask-shaped or pear-shaped, straight or slightly curved, hyaline, thick-, smooth-walled, entire phialides 30–42 (– 48) × 3–5.6 µm, slightly helical necks present, 15–23.5 (– 26) × 1–1.6 µm. Conidia cylindrical, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at septum, hyaline, smooth-walled, with many guttules, (10.5 –) 12–15.5 × 3.3–4.6 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 10–12 mm diam after 30 d at 25 ° C, grayish white to grayish yellow, raised, felty to pulvinate with sparse aerial mycelium, radially folded, margin crenate, reverse grayish yellow, with slightly pale-yellow pigment. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from the substratal mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, verticillately, unbranched or basitonously branched, with 2–3 septa at middle and base, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides mono- or polyphialidic, lateral or terminal, orthotropic, flask-shaped or pear-shaped, straight or slightly curved, hyaline, thick-, smooth-walled, entire phialides 26–40 (– 43) × 3.3–5 µm, with slightly helical necks, 12.5–20 (– 21.6) × 1–1.7 µm. Conidia cylindrical, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at septum, hyaline, smooth-walled, with many guttules, 12.5–16 × 3.6–5 µm. Chlamydospores present, obovate to globose, terminal, or intercalary on hyphae, or lateral on short stipes, hyaline, smooth-, thick-walled.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 7–10 mm diam after 30 d at 25 ° C, cream white to orange yellow, circular, flat, membranous to floccose with moderate aerial mycelium, arranged in radially lines, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin crenate, reverse pale orange yellow. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight or irregularly curved, arising directly from aerial and substratal mycelium, or from ropes formed by the mycelium, usually reduced to single phialides, unbranched or basitonously branched, with 2–3 septa at middle and base, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides mono- or polyphialidic, lateral or terminal, orthotropic, flask-shaped or pear-shaped, straight or slightly curved, hyaline, thick-, smooth-walled, entire phialides (24 –) 27–45 (– 48) × 3.2–5 µm, slightly helical necks present, 15–20 (– 21.5) × 1–1.6 µm. Conidia cylindrical, 1 - septate, slightly constricted at septum, hyaline, smooth-walled, with many guttules, 13.3–17 × 3.2–5.2 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Yibin City, Pingshan County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=104.024445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=28.841946" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 104.024445/lat 28.841946)">Longshang Road</a>, 28°50'31"N, 104°01'28"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Bambusa emeiensis L. C. Chia &amp; H. L. Fung, 19 Mar. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0223, living culture SICAUCC 25-0191 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In the phylogenetic analyses of this study, Helicocollum bambusae (SICAUCC 25-0190 and SICAUCC 25-0191) formed a sister clade with He. krabiensis (BCC 68582, BCC 68583, and BCC 68584) with 100 % MLBS / 1.00 BPP statistical support (Fig. 1). Morphologically, He. bambusae can be distinguished from He. krabiensis by its slimmer entire phialides (27–45 × 3.2–5 µm vs. 16.5–28 × 4.5–7.5 µm), and longer helical necks (15–20 µm vs. 2.5–5.5 µm) on PDA (Luangsa-ard et al. 2017). Nucleotide comparison between He. bambusae (SICAUCC 25-0190) and the ex-type strain of He. krabiensis (BCC 68582) reveals 1.3 % (10 / 769, 10 gaps), 6.7 % (59 / 881, 0 gaps), and 6.23 % (39 / 626, 0 gaps) differences in LSU, tef 1 - α and rpb 1, respectively. Consequently, based on combined morphological and phylogenetic evidence, we propose He. bambusae as a new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/CC37C9597DD25FC781CAD9FC6745FBA4	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
5368C704B36851BAA33376AC99CA7446.text	5368C704B36851BAA33376AC99CA7446.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hypocrella cinnamomum Feng Liu & Chun L. Yang 2026	<div><p>Hypocrella cinnamomum Feng Liu &amp; Chun L. Yang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 9</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>In reference to the generic name of host plants.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Similar to Hypocrella limushanensis and H. calendulina in having comparable morphology of conidiomata, conidiophores, and conidia, but H. cinnamomum differs by its larger conidiomata, shorter phialides, and smaller conidia.</p><p>Type.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Ya’an City, Baoxing County, Longdong Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.71583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.480556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.71583/lat 30.480556)">Laocang New Village</a>, 30°28'50"N, 102°42'57"E, on scale insects on the adaxial surface of living leaves of Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb., 23 Sep. 2025, Feng Liu, holotype SICAU 25-0224, culture ex-type SICAUCC 25-0192 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera) from Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb. ( Lauraceae). Teleomorph: Not observed. Anamorph: Stromata pulvinate to discoid, discoid to thickened pulvinate, pale yellow when young, turning reddish-brown to dark brown at maturity, superficial, 1–2.5 mm in diameter. Conidiomata pycnidial, subglobose, pale yellow to orange red, scattered to clustered, circularly arranged towards the margin of stroma, slightly concave, 12–20 conidiomata per stroma, 440–670 × 350–520 µm, conidiogenous layer composed of a thick, compact palisade of phialides. Ostioles sunken, orange yellow to orange red. Conidiomata walls 75–105 µm wide, unequal thickness, thicker in top regions, multi-layered, outer stratum 35–60 µm wide, pale yellow, composed of loosely interwoven prosenchymatous cells, forming a spongy texture; inner stratum 45–65 µm wide, gradually turning hyaline toward the lumen, composed of pseudoparenchymatous cells, arranged in textura angularis to textura prismatica, indistinguishable from conidiogenous cells. Paraphyses linear, filiform, curved, septate, hyaline, (97 –) 110–140 (– 165) × 1.4–2.1 µm. Phialides cylindrical, slightly tapering towards the tip, hyaline, smooth-walled, 9.3–15 (– 26) × 1.6–2.6 µm. Conidia fusoid with acute ends, slightly curved, unicellular, hyaline, smooth-walled, with small guttules, 7.8–10 × 2–2.6 µm.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 8–11 mm diam after 50 d at 25 ° C, yellowish-orange to golden yellow, circular, slightly raised, felty, with moderately aerial mycelium, closely appressed to the agar surface, radially folded, margin dentate, reverse russet brown. Conidial masses abundant, cream white. Paraphyses linear, filiform, flexuous, septate, hyaline, 100–150 × 1.4–2.2 µm. Phialides cylindrical, slightly tapering towards the tip, hyaline, smooth-walled, (9.2 –) 12–15 (– 20.2) × 1.5–2.1 µm. Conidia fusoid with acute ends, slightly curved, unicellular, hyaline, smooth-walled, 7.5–10 × 1.8–2.3 µm.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 10–13 mm diam after 50 d at 25 ° C, cream white to pale yellow, circular, slightly raised, felty, with moderately aerial mycelium, closely appressed to the agar surface, slightly radially folded, margin crenate, reverse pale yellowish-brown. Conidial masses abundant, cream white to pale yellow. Paraphyses linear, filiform, flexuous, septate, hyaline, 100–160 × 1.4–2.1 µm. Phialides cylindrical, slightly tapering towards the tip, hyaline, smooth-walled, 10–15.6 × 1.2–1.6 µm. Conidia fusoid to narrowly fusiform, with acute ends, sometimes slightly curved, unicellular, hyaline, smooth-walled, 7.3–11 × 1.7–2.4 µm.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 8–10 mm diam after 50 d at 25 ° C, bright yellow in the center, red-brown at the margin, circular, flat, felty, with moderate aerial mycelium, arranged in radially lines, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin entire, reverse deep russet red-brown. Conidial masses abundant, cream white. Paraphyses linear, filiform, flexuous, septate, hyaline, 93–145 × 1.2–2 µm. Phialides cylindrical, slightly tapering towards the tip, hyaline, smooth-walled, 10–17 × 1.2–1.5 µm. Conidia fusoid with acute ends, sometimes slightly curved, unicellular, hyaline, smooth-walled, 6–10.6 × 1.5–1.9 µm.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Ya’an City, Baoxing County, Longdong Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.71583&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=30.480556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.71583/lat 30.480556)">Laocang New Village</a>, 30°28'50"N, 102°42'57"E, on scale insects on the adaxial surface of living leaves of Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb., 23 Sep. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0225, living culture SICAUCC 25-0193 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In our phylogenetic analysis, our strains (SICAUCC 25-0192 and SICAUCC 25-0193) formed a sister lineage with H. cf. discoidea (I 93-901 D and I 95-901 D), H. limushanensis (YHH 2303015 and YHH 2303016), and H. calendulina (BCC 20309) with 85 % MLBS and 0.97 BPP statistical support (Fig. 1). H. cinnamomum can be distinguished from H. limushanensis by its subglobose, pale yellow to orange-red, larger conidiomata (440–670 × 350–520 µm vs. 190–370 × 140–320 µm) (Wang et al. 2025 b). In contrast, the conidiomata, paraphyses, and conidia of H. cinnamomum are larger (440–670 × 350–520 µm vs. 200–390 × 300–400 µm), shorter (9.3–15 × 1.6–2.6 µm vs. up to 65 × 1.5 µm), and smaller (7.8–10 × 2–2.6 µm vs. 12.5–15 × 2.5–3.8 µm) than those of H. calendulina (Mongkolsamrit et al. 2009) . However, comprehensive morphological comparisons between H. cinnamomum and H. cf. discoidea were not feasible due to the absence of documented morphological data for H. cf. discoidea . Thus, based on combined phylogenetic and morphological evidence, H. cinnamomum is hereby proposed as a new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5368C704B36851BAA33376AC99CA7446	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
1DF09138738B5990AAC828892B4443BB.text	1DF09138738B5990AAC828892B4443BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Regiocrella sichuanensis Feng Liu & Chun L. Yang 2026	<div><p>Regiocrella sichuanensis Feng Liu &amp; Chun L. Yang sp. nov.</p><p>Fig. 11</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Name refers to Sichuan Province where it was collected.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Similar to Regiocrella camerunensis in having comparable morphology of stromata, conidiophores, and conidia, but R. sichuanensis differs by its shape of stromata, narrower phialides, smaller conidia, and significant nucleotide differences in LSU, rpb 1 and tef 1 - α.</p><p>Type.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Ya’an City, Yingjing County, Longcanggou Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.86417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.677221" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.86417/lat 29.677221)">Kuaile Village</a>, 29°40'38"N, 102°51'51"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, 18 Jul. 2025, Feng Liu, holotype SICAU 25-0220, culture ex-type SICAUCC 25-0188 .</p><p>Description.</p><p>Parasitic on scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera) from Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze ( Theaceae). Teleomorph: Not observed. Anamorph: Stromata thickened pulvinate to hemi-globose, superficial, subcircular, scattered, dark brown to blackish when young, turning orange-yellow at intense sporulation, thin, grayish white mycelia completely covering the host, powdery while sporulating around the stroma. Conidia ellipsoid or cylindrical, rounded at both ends, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, 3.3–4.3 × 1.6–2 µm.</p><p>Culture characteristics.</p><p>Colonies on PDA reaching 7–10 mm diam after 30 d at 25 ° C, creamy white in the center, bright yellow at periphery, slightly irregular, flat to slightly raised, fluffy with abundant aerial mycelium forming concentric rings, slightly folded, margin crenate, reverse pale beige. Conidiophores aggregated, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial mycelium, mostly repeatedly verticillately branched, bearing up to 1–3 whorls with 1–3 phialides per node, with a single basal septum, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral or terminal, gradually tapering at top, 9–14 (– 16) × 1.2–1.7 µm, arranged in slimy heads. Conidia ellipsoid or cylindrical, rounded at both ends, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, 2.8–3.7 × 1.4–1.7 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on SDAY / 4 reaching 12–15 mm diam after 30 d at 25 ° C, creamy white to pale yellow in the center, creamy white at periphery, circular, flat to slightly raised, fluffy with abundant aerial mycelium forming irregular concentric rings, folded, margin crenate, reverse pale creamy. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from aerial mycelium, basitonously branched or unbranched and reduced to single phialides, with a single basal septum, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral or terminal, gradually tapering at top, (22 –) 30–43 (– 48) × 1.5–2.3 µm, arranged in slimy heads. Conidia ellipsoid or cylindrical, rounded at both ends, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, 2.2–3.6 × 1.5–2 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Colonies on OA reaching 12–15 mm diam after 30 d at 25 ° C, orange yellow in the center, yellowish orange at periphery, circular, flat, membranous with sparse aerial mycelium, arranged in radially lines, closely appressed to the agar surface, margin filiform, reverse pale orange yellow, faint pigment diffusing locally. Conidiophores solitary, erect, straight, arising directly from the agar surface and substratal mycelium, unbranched, usually reduced to single phialides, or repeatedly verticillately branched, bearing 1–3 whorls with 1–3 phialides per node, with a single basal septum, gradually tapering at top, hyaline, smooth-walled. Phialides cylindrical or subulate, lateral or terminal, gradually tapering at top, (26.5 –) 30–42 (– 46) × 1.4–2.2 µm, arranged in slimy heads. Conidia ellipsoid or cylindrical, rounded at both ends, aseptate, hyaline, smooth-walled, 2.7–3.7 × 1.5–1.9 µm. Chlamydospores not observed.</p><p>Hosts.</p><p>Scale insects ( Coccidae, Hemiptera).</p><p>Known distribution.</p><p>China (Sichuan).</p><p>Additional specimen examined.</p><p>CHINA • Sichuan Province, Ya’an City, Yingjing County, Longcanggou Town, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.86417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=29.677221" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.86417/lat 29.677221)">Kuaile Village</a>, 29°40'38"N, 102°51'51"E, on scale insects on the abaxial surface of living leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, 18 Jul. 2025, Feng Liu, SICAU 25-0221, living culture SICAUCC 25-0189 .</p><p>Notes.</p><p>In the phylogenetic analyses of this study, Regiocrella sichuanensis is most closely related to R. camerunensis with high statistical support (100 % MLBS / 1.00 BPP; Fig. 1). Regiocrella sichuanensis is morphologically distinguishable from R. camerunensis by its pulvinate to hemiglobose stromata, narrower phialides (9–14 × 1.2–1.7 µm vs. 10.2–14.0 × 2.0–2.5 µm), and smaller conidia (2.8–3.7 × 1.4–1.7 µm vs. 4.0–4.5 × 2.0–2.2 µm) on PDA (Chaverri et al. 2005 a). Based on nucleotide comparisons, R. sichuanensis (SICAUCC 25-0188, culture ex-type) differs from R. camerunensis (ARSEF 7682, culture ex-type) by 7 / 770 bp (0.91 %, 1 gap) in LSU, 18 / 732 bp (2.46 %, without gap) in rpb 1, and 11 / 960 bp (1.15 %, without gap) in tef 1 - α, respectively. Consequently, based on combined morphological and molecular evidence, we propose R. sichuanensis as a new species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1DF09138738B5990AAC828892B4443BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Liu, Feng;Wang, Feihu;Xu, Xiulan;Xiang, Shasha;Li, Xinyue;Jiang, Xuejing;Yang, Hua;Liu, Long;Liu, Yinggao;Li, Shujiang;Yang, Chunlin	Liu, Feng, Wang, Feihu, Xu, Xiulan, Xiang, Shasha, Li, Xinyue, Jiang, Xuejing, Yang, Hua, Liu, Long, Liu, Yinggao, Li, Shujiang, Yang, Chunlin (2026): Polyphasic taxonomy of entomopathogenic fungi infecting scale insects in Clavicipitaceae (Hypocreales) from China. IMA Fungus 17: e 195753, DOI: 10.3897/imafungus.17.195753
