taxonID	type	description	language	source
335F6F426353FFEEFF33F88C35E9FB67.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — PERU. Pasco: Oxapampa, Quebrada “ El Muerto ”, Yanachaga Chemillén National Park, Oxapampa – Asháninka – Yánesha Biosphere Reserve, Montane Forest, 2194 m, S 10 ° 36 ’ 16 ”, W 75 ° 19 ’ 48 ”, 12 March 2024, R. Vásquez et al. 49928 (holotype: HOXA!; isotypes: USM!, MO!).	en	Valenzuela-Gamarra, Luis, Nauray-Huari, William (2025): A new species of Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) in the Central Peruvian Amazon. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 131-139, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3
335F6F426353FFEEFF33F88C35E9FB67.taxon	diagnosis	The new species is similar to T. perlobatus from which it differs it has short inflorescence, 2.0 – 2.5 cm long, with a single flower at a time (vs. 8.0 cm long inflorescence with 5 simultaneous flowers), petals oblanceolate much smaller 5.3 – 5.6 × 1.3 – 1.5 mm (vs. narrowly ovate larger 6.0 × 1.5 mm), lip with entire margin (vs. denticulate margin), central lobe linear-oblong much smaller (vs. narrowly ovate much larger), lateral lobes of lip 2.5 – 2.6 × 0.5 – 0.6 mm (vs. lateral lobes of lip 3.5 mm long).	en	Valenzuela-Gamarra, Luis, Nauray-Huari, William (2025): A new species of Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) in the Central Peruvian Amazon. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 131-139, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3
335F6F426353FFEEFF33F88C35E9FB67.taxon	description	Description: — Herbaceous plant, 2.5 – 3.0 cm tall (including the inflorescence), epiphytic, cespitose. Roots thick, fleshy, whitish to greenish, 2.0 – 5.5 cm × 1.0 – 1.2 mm. Stem inconspicuous. Leaves 7.0 – 21.0 mm × 2.5 – 4.0 mm, usually 2 – 3 per stem, distichous, almost coriaceous, attached to the stem by a conduplicate leaf sheath; blade 5.0 – 15.0 × 2.2 – 4.0 mm, oblong to linear, apiculate, with entire margins, not withering after flowering. Inflorescence raceme, 2.0 – 2.5 cm long, terminal, with a glandular-papillose surface, producing 1 apical flower at a time; floral bracts 2.0 – 2.5 × 1.6 – 2.0 mm, greenish, triangular, concave, apiculate. Pedicel 0.4 – 0.5 mm long. Ovary 6.6 – 6.7 mm long, with prominent ribs. Flowers non-resupinate, 11.0 – 11.1 × 7.8 – 8.0 mm diameter. Sepals 4.2 – 4.4 × 1.2 – 1.4 mm, wine-colored at the base, turning pale yellow towards the apex, triangular-ovate, apex attenuate, margin entire, 1 - veined, on the outer surface papillose-carinate. Petals 5.3 – 5.6 × 1.3 – 1.5 mm, wine-colored at the base, turning pale yellow towards the apex, oblanceolate, apex obtuse, margin entire, 1 - veined, warty at the base, with glands scattered over the entire surface. Lip is trilobed and without callus, wine-colored over much of its surface except in the distal part of the central lobe, where it becomes pale yellow, finely warty in the basal part, and with glands scattered over the entire surface; central lobe, 4.2 – 4.4 × 1.3 – 1.4 mm, linear-oblong, with the apex acuminate, margin entire, 1 - veined, lateral lobes 2.5 – 2.6 × 0.5 – 0.6 mm, antrorse and diverging at 45 ° from the central lobe, linear, with the apex acute and margin entire. Column short and stout, 1.7 – 2.0 × 1.7 × 2.0 mm, dark wine-colored, finely papillose, with two lateral tufts of bristles; bristles 8 – 12 per tuft, 0.8 – 1.0 mm long, with the apex stellate; stigma concave, rounded; rostellum elongate triangular. Fruits not seen.	en	Valenzuela-Gamarra, Luis, Nauray-Huari, William (2025): A new species of Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) in the Central Peruvian Amazon. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 131-139, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3
335F6F426353FFEEFF33F88C35E9FB67.taxon	distribution	Distribution and ecology: — Telipogon yanesha is only known from the montane forests of Yanachaga Chemillén National Park in the Oxapampa – Asháninka – Yánesha Biosphere Reserve, between 2100 – 2300 m of elevation (Figure 1); the species grows on the highest twigs (16 – 18 m) of Miconia calophylla Crueger (1847: 109) canopy. The new species has been reported flowering in March, one of the months with the highest rainfall of the year where a population of approximately seven individuals were counted between adults and juveniles.	en	Valenzuela-Gamarra, Luis, Nauray-Huari, William (2025): A new species of Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) in the Central Peruvian Amazon. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 131-139, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3
335F6F426353FFEEFF33F88C35E9FB67.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The specific epithet is given in honour of the Yánesha people, who inhabit the Pichis and Palcazú river basins in the Oxapampa-Asháninka-Yánesha Biosphere Reserve. They developed an in-depth knowledge of the region’s flora and fauna (Arguedas 1991), and despite facing various challenges during the 20 th-century colonization period, they managed to preserve their traditions, language and ancestral practices. This reflects Peru’s current cultural diversity (Cornejo 2015). We pay tribute to the Yánesha culture, celebrating its history, wisdom, and contribution to Peru’s cultural diversity. Their legacy is a reminder of the importance of valuing and protecting the traditions of Indigenous peoples, which enrich our humanity and teach us to live in balance with nature. The Yánesha’s history is a testament to resilience and hope, offering guidance towards a future where cultural diversity and respect for the land are fundamental.	en	Valenzuela-Gamarra, Luis, Nauray-Huari, William (2025): A new species of Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) in the Central Peruvian Amazon. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 131-139, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3
335F6F426353FFEEFF33F88C35E9FB67.taxon	discussion	Taxonomic discussion: — Telipogon yanesha is similar to T. perlobatus, but differs in that it has 2 – 3 much larger (7.0 – 21 mm × 2.5 – 4.0 mm), oblong to linear leaves that do not wither immediately after flowering, whereas T. perlobatus has only 1 – 2 much smaller (10 mm long), linear leaves that wither immediately after flowering; also the inflorescence in T. yanesha is much shorter with a solitary flower at a time, while in T. perlobatus it is much larger with 5 simultaneous flowers; on the other hand, the sepals of the flowers in T. yanesha are triangular-ovate slightly smaller (4.2 – 4.4 × 1.2 – 1.4 mm) than those of T. perlobatus (4.5 × 1.5 mm) which are narrowly triangular; the petals in T. yanesha are oblanceolate, 5.3 – 5.6 × 1.5 mm, while in T. perlobatus they are narrowly ovate, 6.0 × 1.5 mm. The labellum is wine color with the yellow apex, margin completely entire in T. yanesha, whereas it is red and with the margin completely denticulate, densely spaced and oriented backwards in T. perlobatus; similarly the central lobe of the labellum in T. yanesha is linear-oblong, much smaller (4.2 – 4.4 × 1.3 – 1.4 mm) than the central lobe of the labellum of T. perlobatus (6.5 × 2.0 mm), which is narrowly ovate. On the other hand, the lateral lobes of the labellum in T. yanesha are much smaller compared to the lateral lobes of T. perlobatus which are much larger. Finally, it is important to mention that the surface of the inflorescence and the flowers in T. yanesha are glandular-papillose (Figure 3), while in T. perlobatus no glands of any kind are mentioned or observed according to the protologue and the drawings presented by Senghas (1994). According to morphological characters such as the size of the plant, the inflorescence, the trilobed labellum even the color T. yanesha could also be confused with T. pogonostalix but differs morphologically in that the plant size does not exceed 3.0 cm in height and the inflorescence is short at 2.0 – 2.5 cm in length with only one flower at a time (vs. 3.0 – 6.0 cm, inflorescences of 3.0 – 5.0 (20) cm in length, with 4 – 10 simultaneous flowers) according to observations made on the holotype and isotype of T. pogonostalix [Spruce 6135] (CJBG 2025). Regarding the flower, T. yanesha has a trilobed labellum with noticeable lateral lobes of 2.5 – 2.6 mm in length, linear and divergent at 45 °. The lip is 1 - veined, with the entire margin while in T. pogonostalix small lateral lobes are observed between a third or less of the central lobe (1.4 mm long) in the form of completely divergent at 90 °, semilunar teeth, the labellum is trinerved, with a ciliolate margin (Reichenbach 1877). The characters that distinguish the new species from T. perlobatus and T. pogonostalix are summarized in Table 1. Dressler (1999) divided the previously recognized genus Stellilabium into four sections. Stellilabium sect Stellilabium embraced species occurring in the Andes and characterized all by persistent leaves, spiral or distichous inflorescence, lateral margins of the floral bracts not decurrent, terete, triangular, or slightly flattened rachis, trilobed lip with generally extended or antrorse lateral lobes, and non-trilobed column. The following species morphologically correspond to this section: T. alticola occurring in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela, T. astroglossus, T. pogonostalix recorded in Ecuador and Peru, T. boliviensis Williams & Dressler (2005: 169), T. ibischii Williams & Dressler (2005: 170), T. pampatamboensis William & Dressler (2005: 170), and T. perlobatus only known from Bolivia; while T. selbyanus, T. pseudobulbosus (Zarate & Martel 2024, POWO 2025, TROPICOS 2025), and T. yanesha known only from Peru. All the species mentioned have the following in common: the trilobed labellum, without noticeable calluses, the column with two groups of lateral bristles with the stellate apex or acute. Telipogon yanesha differs from all of aforementioned species as it has a short inflorescence of 2.0 – 2.5 cm in length, with a single flower probably successive flowering, the lip 1 - veined, entire margin and with the lateral lobes noticeably longer and diverging at 45 °; while in the rest of the species mentioned, the inflorescence is larger, 3.0 – 6.0 (15.0) cm long, usually with simultaneous flowering or 2 to several flowers; the labellum is 3 - veined, with a ciliolate or finely denticulate margin, and with short, semilunate, denticulate or corniculate lateral lobes (Reichenbach 1877, Vásquez & Dodson 1982, Dodson & Escobar 1998, CJBG 2025) except for T. perlobatus which has the lateral lobes of the lip much larger than T. yanesha (Senghas 1994). Additionally, the flower coloration in T. yanesha is mainly vinous, with the tips of the sepals, petals, and labellum yellowish, while in the other species the flower coloration is mainly whitish or yellowish green (Vásquez & Dodson 1982, Dodson & Escobar 1998, POWO 2025) except for T. perlobatus which has a red labellum (Senghas 1994).	en	Valenzuela-Gamarra, Luis, Nauray-Huari, William (2025): A new species of Telipogon (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae) in the Central Peruvian Amazon. Phytotaxa 720 (2): 131-139, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.720.2.3
