taxonID	type	description	language	source
261F0B33F171FFFDFF7D4BB4FCAEFD29.taxon	description	(Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4)	en	Wang, Zhe, Inayoshi, Yutaka, Saito, Kotaro, Liu, Zhi-Fa, Xue, Guo-Xi (2026): Intraspecific morphological variability of Capila pauripunetata Chou & Gu, 1994 (= C. pauripunetata tamdaoensis Devyatkin, 1996 syn. nov.) (Hesperiidae, Pyrginae). Zootaxa 5782 (1): 126-132, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6
261F0B33F171FFFDFF7D4BB4FCAEFD29.taxon	description	Description. Male genitalia (Fig. 2). Tegumen: flat and slightly produced forward in lateral view, axe-shaped in dorsal view. Uncus: in lateral view, basal half pointed downward at approximately 45 °, of which basal part semicircular and uplifted; distal half finger-like, ventral margin slightly concave, distal end blunt and ventrally serrulate; in dorsal view, a pair of horn-like branches widely separated, of which basal half tapered and distal half slightly bent inward, tip blunt. Gnathos: in lateral view, basal half wide and arm-like, distal half bent upward, trunk-like; Ushaped in ventral view, both robust branches covered with spinules. Saccus: short, tapered to a blunt end in ventral view. Valva: in lateral view, basal half trapeziform, distal half trifurcate; dorsal branch strong, with a beak like tip, or relatively slender, with its distal part hook like; middle branch the longest and gently tapered; ventral branch wider, slightly bent upward; in dorsal view, dorsal branch straight and pointed, tilted inward, ventral and middle branches bent inward, distal part of the latter flattened, with inner margin irregularly serrated. Aedeagus: equal in length to ventral margin of valva, subzonal sheath shorter than suprazonal sheath, coecum penis bent upward in lateral view; cornuti triangular, blunt. Juxta saddle-shaped. Female genitalia (Fig. 3). Papillae anales reniform, densely covered with long hairs. Lamella postvaginalis rather wide, trapeziform; distal edge slightly waved, with tiny hairs; middle of both side edges slightly convex. Lamella antevaginalis rectangular, two shoulders elongated to a pair of blunt pointed branches; basal part fused with funnel-shaped sclerotized antrum. Ductus bursae long, membranous; bursa copulatrix globular, without signum. Intraspecific variation. In the male, the length of forewing is 22 – 27 mm (n = 36); the cell spot on the dorsal side of the forewing tends to be vestigial in some individuals; subapical spots on the forewing sometimes are rather small (especially the one in space R 4). In the female (Fig. 4), the length of forewing is 26 – 28 mm (n = 16); the cell spot on the forewing may be rather narrow; the sizes of the subapical spots are variable; the spot in space M 3 may be close to the cell spot or slightly moved outward; on the ventral side of the hindwing, postdiscal spots may be welldeveloped or relatively smaller, sometimes the blurred black spot at the base of space Sc + R 1 is absent. Characteristics of the male genitalia of Capila pauripunetata tamdaoensis are consistent with those of the nominate subspecies except for the ‘ short and triangular’ (Devyatkin 1996) ventral branch of the valva. However, the valva is a three-dimensional structure, the ventral branch is bent inward and thus in lateral view its inner side seems to be short and triangular, as illustrated by Devyatkin (1996: 597, fig. 1: B). Similar cases can be found in Xue et al. (2015, 2023). As to the wing patterns, the author of tamdaoensis stated that the taxon ‘ seems to differ from the nominate subspecies in larger size (forewing length 25 – 26 mm in the male and 26 – 28 mm in the female), paler ground color and number of subapical spots (five) on forewing and dark spots (seven) on hindwing (four and six in the nominate subspecies, respectively) ’ (Devyatkin 1996: 596). Obviously, these differences fall into the individual variation of pauripunetata from Hainan. Therefore, we draw the conclusion that C. pauripunetata tamdaoensis syn. nov. is a synonym of C. pauripunetata.	en	Wang, Zhe, Inayoshi, Yutaka, Saito, Kotaro, Liu, Zhi-Fa, Xue, Guo-Xi (2026): Intraspecific morphological variability of Capila pauripunetata Chou & Gu, 1994 (= C. pauripunetata tamdaoensis Devyatkin, 1996 syn. nov.) (Hesperiidae, Pyrginae). Zootaxa 5782 (1): 126-132, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6
261F0B33F171FFFDFF7D4BB4FCAEFD29.taxon	biology_ecology	Bionomics. This species is common and seems to be univoltine in Hainan, where it flies together with Capila pieridoides (Moore, 1878), C. lidderdali (Elwes, 1888), C. pennicillatum (de Nicéville, 1893), C. jayadeva translucida (Leech, 1893) (Xue et al. 2026) and C. lineata Chou & Gu, 1994 in May. In N Guangdong it was found in mid-July, but the specimens of both sexes were worn. The adults always rest on the underside of the leaves of undergrowth. When being disturbed, they suddenly fly out, hover back and forth, and then hide behind leaves again.	en	Wang, Zhe, Inayoshi, Yutaka, Saito, Kotaro, Liu, Zhi-Fa, Xue, Guo-Xi (2026): Intraspecific morphological variability of Capila pauripunetata Chou & Gu, 1994 (= C. pauripunetata tamdaoensis Devyatkin, 1996 syn. nov.) (Hesperiidae, Pyrginae). Zootaxa 5782 (1): 126-132, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6
261F0B33F171FFFDFF7D4BB4FCAEFD29.taxon	distribution	Distribution. N Guangdong, Hainan, N & C Vietnam, NW Laos, N Myanmar.	en	Wang, Zhe, Inayoshi, Yutaka, Saito, Kotaro, Liu, Zhi-Fa, Xue, Guo-Xi (2026): Intraspecific morphological variability of Capila pauripunetata Chou & Gu, 1994 (= C. pauripunetata tamdaoensis Devyatkin, 1996 syn. nov.) (Hesperiidae, Pyrginae). Zootaxa 5782 (1): 126-132, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6
261F0B33F171FFFDFF7D4BB4FCAEFD29.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Our investigation shows that there is a good population size of Capila pauripunetata in Hainan, but the record of this species from the Island in literature is rare. In addition to Chou (1994), Gu & Chen (1997) and Zhu (2017), in which photos of the species were provided, Fan & Wang (2004) and Yuan et al. (2015) also recorded C. pauripunetata from Hainan, but they just followed the previous records and provided nothing new. Chou (1994) also illustrated a female specimen of ‘ Celaenorrhinus sp. (sp. incer.) ’ from Hainan, which was supposed to be C. pauripunetata by Devyatkin & Monastyrskii (1999) but considered as C. phanaeus ssp. by Chiba (2008). However, C. phanaeus has not been recorded with certainty from Hainan until now. Judging from the wing patterns, we agree with Devyatkin & Monastyrskii (1999) that the female should be C. pauripunetata. Osada et al. (1999) illustrated one male specimen from Oudomxay, Laos, on the forewing of which the subapical spots are more developed than in the normal form of Capila pauripunetata, and the spots in spaces Cu 2 – M 3 tend to form an oblique line with those in spaces M 2 – M 1. Maybe in consideration of these differences, Nakamura & Wakahara (2012) treated it as C. pauripunetata ssp. However, it has not been described as a separate taxon until now, possibly due to lack of materials. In the present paper, the discovery of two normal C. pauripunetata specimens from Kachin (Fig. 1: E, F) extended the distribution of this species westward to N Myanmar for the first time. Consequently, there is little chance of representing a different subspecies for the population in N Laos. Moreover, the discovery of C. pauripunetata from N Guangdong initially verified the hypothesis of the continuous distribution of this species in N Vietnam and SE China by Devyatkin & Monastyrskii (1999: 157). In addition, Devyatkin & Monastyrskii (2002: 140) listed three male specimens from Ngoc Linh, C Vietnam and identified them as C. pauripunetata, which ‘ do not seem to be very different from those from the north, described as ssp. tamdaoensis Devytakin, 1996 ’. But Monastyrskii & Devyatkin (2016: 71) did not include Ngoc Linh in the distribution of C. pauripunetata tamdaoensis, instead, a more southward locality, viz. Hon Ba, was recorded. Therefore, the distribution of C. pauripunetata in Vietnam requires further study.	en	Wang, Zhe, Inayoshi, Yutaka, Saito, Kotaro, Liu, Zhi-Fa, Xue, Guo-Xi (2026): Intraspecific morphological variability of Capila pauripunetata Chou & Gu, 1994 (= C. pauripunetata tamdaoensis Devyatkin, 1996 syn. nov.) (Hesperiidae, Pyrginae). Zootaxa 5782 (1): 126-132, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5782.1.6
