taxonID	type	description	language	source
4404F7F56AB053B7A3EDFC1666AEF98A.taxon	description	Fig. 1 C	en	Compton, James A. (2025): A case study on Anemone hortensis L. (Ranunculaceae): the misapplication of A. pavonina Lam. and A. fulgens (DC) Rchb. has led to taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. PhytoKeys 263: 71-114, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.158703
4404F7F56AB053B7A3EDFC1666AEF98A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Anemone hortensis var. hortensis is found in Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, North Macedonia, and Turkey in Europe and Anatolian Turkey, growing in open meadows or among shrubs, sometimes in woodland clearings from 200 to 1200 m. Ziman et al. (2011) noted the presence of seasonally dimorphic leaves in A. hortensis. In early spring they observed that trisected leaves occurred with only a few obtuse lobules, whereas in late spring more divided leaves emerged with numerous acute lobules. These authors also indicated that for A. coronaria, both basal and involucral leaves were much more finely divided and dissected throughout the growth cycle of the plant (Ziman et al. 2011). Flowering in March and April. The forma regina (Risso) J. Compton (see below) with golden yellow or white at the base of each red or purple tepal, which collectively form the “ queen’s ” crown in the centre of the flower, is most frequently found (Fig. 2 C), whereas flowers which are entirely red or entirely purple are less common.	en	Compton, James A. (2025): A case study on Anemone hortensis L. (Ranunculaceae): the misapplication of A. pavonina Lam. and A. fulgens (DC) Rchb. has led to taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. PhytoKeys 263: 71-114, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.158703
382E2790781C59DE97E130C9720F54CE.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Anemone hortensis var. heldreichii is endemic to Crete, Karpathos and Kasos, occurring on mountain meadows and among rocks from 400 to 1200 m. Flowering February to April. Illustration Fig. 2 D. In addition to these varieties, it is worth noting a minor flower colour variant that occurs frequently in populations across the range of the species and which is recognised here as a new combination at the rank of forma. Plants with a pronounced zone of white, cream or pale yellow near the base of each tepal (Fig. 2 C) can be assigned to Anemone hortensis f. regina (Risso) J. Compton. This is clearly evident in the three flowers on the specimen from Risso’s personal herbarium now conserved in Paris.	en	Compton, James A. (2025): A case study on Anemone hortensis L. (Ranunculaceae): the misapplication of A. pavonina Lam. and A. fulgens (DC) Rchb. has led to taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. PhytoKeys 263: 71-114, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.158703
BD56394C5C895860BAACF3A4D2F95A83.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Anemone hortensis var. pavonina is found across the range of the species and has become widely naturalised around Nice and along the Ligurian coastal region of Italy and also in the Landes region of Gascony (Fig. 1 A) in southwestern France. It grows in open meadows, among shrubs, sometimes in woodland clearings from 100 to 1600 m. Flowering from March to May. Some double-flowered plants also occur occasionally among wild populations in Eastern Europe.	en	Compton, James A. (2025): A case study on Anemone hortensis L. (Ranunculaceae): the misapplication of A. pavonina Lam. and A. fulgens (DC) Rchb. has led to taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. PhytoKeys 263: 71-114, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.158703
4AEF2A5C14D256EDAAD2C2CBB654C8F3.taxon	description	Fig. 2 A	en	Compton, James A. (2025): A case study on Anemone hortensis L. (Ranunculaceae): the misapplication of A. pavonina Lam. and A. fulgens (DC) Rchb. has led to taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. PhytoKeys 263: 71-114, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.158703
4AEF2A5C14D256EDAAD2C2CBB654C8F3.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat. Anemone hortensis var. stellata (Fig. 2 B) is found in Albania, Algeria, Bulgaria, Corsica, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Sardinia, Sicily, Slovenia, Spain, and Turkey. It grows in open meadows, among low scrub, vineyards, sometimes in woodland clearings from 100 to 1200 m (c. 4000 ft.). Flowering from March to May. Teratological specimens also occur within this variety.	en	Compton, James A. (2025): A case study on Anemone hortensis L. (Ranunculaceae): the misapplication of A. pavonina Lam. and A. fulgens (DC) Rchb. has led to taxonomic and nomenclatural confusion. PhytoKeys 263: 71-114, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.263.158703
