identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
191C5117FFB4FFD1FF5AF91CFCE8408F.text	191C5117FFB4FFD1FF5AF91CFCE8408F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pheretima banahawensis Hong & James 2026	<div><p>Pheretima banahawensis sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 73825309-B820-497D-9154-C4099975976E</p><p>(Fig. 2, Fig 7 A, B)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: One clitellate (NMA 4808): Philippines, Quezon Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.49717&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.063167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.49717/lat 14.063167)">Mt. Banahaw</a> peak (14° 03.79’N, 121° 29.83’E), 2,101 m asl, March 28, 2001, S. W. James coll.</p><p>Non-types. Three clitellates, two semi-clitellates, same data as holotype. Two late juveniles, Quezon Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.50183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.063666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.50183/lat 14.063666)">Mt. Banahaw Ridge</a> (14° 03.82’N, 121° 30.11’E), 1800 m asl, 28 March 2001, S. W. James coll.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named for its type locality.</p><p>Diagnosis. Striped pigmentation. One pair spermathecal pores on intersegmental furrow 7/8 at 7 th setal lines; distance between spermathecal pores: 2–2.5 mm; copulatory bursae openings: 0.09–0.13 circumference apart. Dorsal pores from either segment 4/5 or 5/6. Intestinal origin in segment XVI, septa 8/9/10 absent, copulatory bursal pads both on bursal roof and floor.</p><p>Description. Body medium red-brown dorsally but ventrally only in segments I–III; setal zones unpigmented; dimensions: 126–138 mm by 5–6.1 mm at segment X, 4.6–6.5 mm at segment XXX, 4.2–6 mm at clitellum; total segments 97–115; body circular in cross-section. Dorsal anterior setae more widely spaced, slightly larger than ventral; setae count is 42–49 at segment VII, 64–65 at segment XX; 4–7 setae between male pores; setal formula at segment XIII AA:AB:YZ:ZZ= 4.5:3:5:9. Clitellum annular extending from segment XIV–XVI; setae invisible externally.</p><p>First dorsal pores at intersegment 4/5 (one individual at 5/6). One pair of large, transverse, ventrally placed, spermathecal pores in segment 7/8 with thick lips at 7 th setal lines, distance between spermathecal pores 2–2.5 mm, 0.09–0.13 circumference apart. Single female pore in segment XIV, openings of copulatory bursae paired in segment XVIII at 7 th setal lines, distance between openings 2–2.3 mm, 0.09–0.13 circumference apart ventrally. Genital markings absent.</p><p>Septa 5/6, 6/7 thick; 7/8- thin; 8/9, 9/10- only a few muscle fibers or absent; 10/11–13/14-slightly muscular. Gizzard in segments VIII–X, low chevron-shaped esophageal lamellae in segments XI-XIII, intestine begins at segment XVI, small paired lymph glands from segment XXVII along dorsal vessel.Simple intestinal caeca originating in segment XXVII and extending anteriorly till segment XXV, big finger-shaped sac (Fig 7B). Typhlosole at 1/4 lumen diameter from segment xxvii, diminishes quickly. Thirty intestinal blood vessels. Hearts present in segments X–XIII esophageal, of X small; of VII, IX lateral, VIII to gizzard.</p><p>Ovaries and funnels in XIII; one pair of spermathecae in VII, with nephridia present on ducts; spermathecae with large heart-shaped ampulla containing spermatophores; stout muscular duct, diverticulum consists of a mangoshaped iridescent chamber, connected by a muscular stalk shorter than ampulla. Male sexual system holandric; testes and funnels in ventrally paired sacs in X–XI. Seminal vesicles two pairs in XI–XII; small ovate dorsal lobes in shallow clefts; prostates in XVII–XIX, bilobate anteriorly, positioned lateral to copulatory bursae; ducts folded, stout, muscular crossing anterior lateral corner of copulatory bursae, entering upper anterior part of copulatory bursae without stalked glands (Fig. 7A); copulatory bursae openings surrounded by 4–5 wedge-shaped pads, opening at medial edge of copulatory bursae; one large glandular pad on floor lateral to opening, one on roof medial to penis; penis has a large conical body with apical pore.</p><p>Remarks. The dorsal pore location is very unusual among Pheretima species, including the sangirensis -group (Table 1). Normally, dorsal pores start a few segments anterior to the clitellum. Apart from P. taceae sp. nov. and a taxon for which we have only late juveniles, it is the only one with such a distinct feature. Pheretima taceae sp. nov. is much smaller and has a different copulatory bursa anatomy (no roof pads) than P. banahawensis sp. nov. The combination of wedge-shaped copulatory bursal pads and roof pads in the bursae is unusual; most have either a group of wedge-shaped pads around the opening or other types and locations of pads, not both. This species is among those with an intestinal origin in segment XVI and absence of septa 8/9/10, which includes many Luzon Island species of the group. The species has similar pigmentation to many of its species-group members, having the white “halos” around the setae, making a striped appearance.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/191C5117FFB4FFD1FF5AF91CFCE8408F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hong, Yong;James, Samuel W.	Hong, Yong, James, Samuel W. (2026): Five new earthworm species of the Pheretima sangirensis-group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mount Banahaw, Quezon Province, Philippines. Zootaxa 5748 (3): 354-368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2
191C5117FFB6FFD6FF5AFCBBFEE7478F.text	191C5117FFB6FFD6FF5AFCBBFEE7478F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pheretima sancta Hong & James 2026	<div><p>Pheretima sancta sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5FC3A0E7-44C0-4B6D-B0D8-84CBB1AE0E6E</p><p>(Fig. 3, Fig. 7C, D)</p><p>Material Examined. Holotype: One clitellate (NMA 4809): Philippines, Quezon Province, Mt. Banahaw, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.5395&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.051666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.5395/lat 14.051666)">Camp</a> 1B (14° 03.10’N, 121° 32.37’E), 635 m, soil, 29 March 2001, S. W. James coll.</p><p>Non-types: One clitellate, same data as holotype.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named for the religious significance of Mt. Banahaw in the culture of the Philippines. On our way walking up to the mountain, we had to stop at the shrine of a priestess, who blessed and purified us for the time we would be there.</p><p>Diagnosis. Solid pigmentation. One pair spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at 8 th setal lines; distance between spermathecal pores 1.9–2.1 mm; copulatory bursae openings 0.14–0.18 circumference apart. Septa 8/9/10 absent, intestinal origin in XVI.</p><p>Description. Red-brown uniform dorsal pigmentation, no stripes. Dimensions 64–65 mm by 3.4–3.5 at segment X, 2.7–2.8 mm at XXX, 2.8–2.9 mm at clitellum, total segments- 92–100; body circular in cross-section. Setae count 38–40 at segment VII, 39-43 at segment XX; 6–7 between male pores; size- regular; greater dorsal spacing; setal formula- AA:AB:YZ:ZZ= 3:2:3.5:4 at segment XIII. Clitellum annular on segments XIV–XVI; setae externally invisible.</p><p>First dorsal pores at intersegment 12/13. One pair spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at 8 th setal lines near lateral margins of ventrum, distance between spermathecal pores 1.9–2.1 mm, 0.17–0.22 circumference apart. Single female pore present in segment XIV, in 0.3 mm oval, openings of copulatory bursae paired in XVIII at 7 th setal lines, distance between openings 1.6–2 mm, 0.14–0.18 circumference apart, ventrally. Genital markings absent.</p><p>Septa 5/6–7/8- thick; 8/9, 9/10- only muscle fibers- 10/11–12/13- thin and muscular. Gizzard present in VIII–X, esophagus with chevron lamellae in XI–XIV, intestine begins in XVI, medium-sized paired lymph glands originate from segment XXVIII along dorsal vessel; simple intestinal caeca originating in XXVII and extending anteriorly approximately to segment XXIII; small finger-shaped sac (Fig. 7D); typhlosole- low fold from segment XXVII. Hearts in X–XIII-esophageal, IX-lateral; VIII- to gizzard.</p><p>Ovaries and funnels present in XIII, spermathecae in VII with few, small nephridia on ducts; spermathecae with wrinkled conical ampulla; long, muscular stout duct as long as ampulla; diverticulum chamberiridescent, large, oblong, attached to short stalk. Male sexual system holandric with testes, funnels in ventral paired sacs in X–XI. Seminal vesicles- two pairs in XI–XII; dorsal lobes- small, apical; prostates in XVII–XIX, 2–3 lobes wrapped around three sides of copulatory bursae; slender short muscular ducts directly connecting to the top of hemispherical copulatory bursae without stalked glands (Fig. 7C); copulatory bursae opening surrounded by 4 small wedge-shaped pads, one glandular pad medial to penis on roof; penis- blocky, large, with indented tip.</p><p>Remarks. Pheretima sancta sp. nov. lacks the striped pattern, common in the species-group, and lacks septa 8/9/10, placing it in restricted company among the Philippine group members (Table 1). These species are: P. lagunaensis, P. mariae, P. riparianensis, P. concepcionensis, P. vergrandis, and P. apolinarioi n. sp. The last three are monothecate, while the others are bithecate. Of the bithecate species just mentioned, only P. sancta n. sp. has an accessory pad on the bursal roof in addition to the wedges around the opening, and relatively widely placed spermathecal pores. Pheretima lagunaensis and P. mariae have no setae between the male pores ( P. sancta has 6 or 7), more closely spaced male and spermathecal pores ( P. sancta &gt; 0.16 vs &lt;0.10 for the others), and very different numbers of setae per segment. Pheretima riparianensis and P. lagunaensis have many more setae per segment (&gt;40 vs 28 and 38 in segments VII and XXV respectively) while P. mariae has fewer in the postclitellar segments (32 vs 38 in P. sancta).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/191C5117FFB6FFD6FF5AFCBBFEE7478F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hong, Yong;James, Samuel W.	Hong, Yong, James, Samuel W. (2026): Five new earthworm species of the Pheretima sangirensis-group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mount Banahaw, Quezon Province, Philippines. Zootaxa 5748 (3): 354-368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2
191C5117FFB1FFD4FF5AF9B4FB244297.text	191C5117FFB1FFD4FF5AF9B4FB244297.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pheretima taceae Hong & James 2026	<div><p>Pheretima taceae sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C773F478-48A8-461F-9162-7131CF00C480</p><p>(Fig. 4, Fig. 7E, F)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: One clitellate (NMA 4810): Philippines, Quezon Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.49717&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.063167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.49717/lat 14.063167)">Mt. Banahaw</a> peak (14° 03.79’N, 121° 29.83’E), 2101 m asl, soil, 28 March 2001, S. W. James coll.</p><p>Non-types. Three late juveniles, Philippines, Quezon Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.50833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.066334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.50833/lat 14.066334)">Mt. Banahaw</a>, “Camp 2 ” (14° 03.98’N, 121° 30.50’E), 1477 m asl, 27 March 2001, S. W. James coll.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after the younger daughter of S.W. James, Tace James. She was a member of the expedition and assisted in the collections.</p><p>Diagnosis. Striped pigmentation. First dorsal pore in intersegment 5/6. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at 5 th setal lines, distance between spermathecal pores- 1.4 mm; copulatory bursae openings- 0.13 circumference apart, surrounded internally by an unbroken ring of pad material. Intestinal origin at segment XVI, septa 8/9/10 absent.</p><p>Description. Strong white equatorial stripes alternating with medium red-brown dorsal pigmentation, faded to light brown posteriorly, ventrum and segmental equators unpigmented. Dimensions- 79 mm by 3.7 at segment X, 3.5 mm at XXX, 3.2 mm at clitellum, total segments- 100; body- circular in cross-section. Setae count- 31 at segment VII, 35 at segment XX; setal size uniform, setal spacing regular, setal formula- AA:AB:YZ:ZZ= 3:2.5:3:4 at segment XIII; one seta between male pores; Clitellum annular- XIV–XVI; setae externally invisible.</p><p>First dorsal pores at intersegment 5/6. One pair of spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at 5 th setal line, placed ventrally, distance between spermathecal pores- 1.4 mm, 0.12 circumference apart. Single female pore in segment XIV, openings of copulatory bursae paired in XVIII at 5 th setal lines within elevated wrinkled rings, distance between openings- 1.5 mm, 0.13 circumference apart. Genital markings absent.</p><p>Septa 5/–-7/8- thin; 8/9, 9/10- absent except thin muscle fibers; 10/11–12/13- slightly muscular. Gizzard in VIII–X, intestine begins in XVI, small paired lymph glands originate from segment XXVIII along dorsal vessel; intestinal caeca- simple, originating in XXVII, and extending anteriorly approximately to segment XXV, small finger-shaped sac (Fig. 7F); typhlosole- 1/5 lumen diameter from segment XXXIII. Hearts- X–XIII, esophageal.</p><p>Ovaries and funnels- in XIII, spermathecae- in VII with nephridia on ducts; spermathecae with broad cordate ampulla, short thick, muscular duct, shorter than ampulla, diverticulum stalk- thin short with thick chili-shaped chamber. Male sexual system- holandric, testes and funnels- in ventral paired sacs in segments X–XI. Seminal vesicles- two large pairs XI–XII; dorsal lobes- small ovate in shallow cleft; prostates- in XVI–XVIII, with short muscular duct widening two-fold as it makes a single sharp bend concave posteriorly, entering center of copulatory bursae without stalked glands (Fig. 7E); copulatory bursae opening surrounded by thick ring of pad material; penisangular, conical on roof.</p><p>Remarks. This is the most distinctly striped species in the Mt. Banahaw sangirensis -group, and it has an unusual ring pad around the copulatory bursal openings. It also has dorsal pores from intersegmental furrow 5/6, like P. banahawensis sp. nov., but it is much smaller and has fewer setae per segment. It is among the bithecate species missing septa 8/9/10 and those with an intestinal origin in segment XVI (Table 1), but is easily separated from the others in this category (e.g. P. malindangensis) by the forward location of the dorsal pores.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/191C5117FFB1FFD4FF5AF9B4FB244297	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hong, Yong;James, Samuel W.	Hong, Yong, James, Samuel W. (2026): Five new earthworm species of the Pheretima sangirensis-group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mount Banahaw, Quezon Province, Philippines. Zootaxa 5748 (3): 354-368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2
191C5117FFB3FFD5FF5AFE83FB934119.text	191C5117FFB3FFD5FF5AFE83FB934119.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pheretima apolinarioi Hong & James 2026	<div><p>Pheretima apolinarioi sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E40C0C00-A84F-48CC-9C5B-D8873D1684DF</p><p>(Fig. 5, Fig 7G, H)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: One clitellate (NMA 4811): Quezon Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.49717&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.063167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.49717/lat 14.063167)">Mt. Banahaw</a> peak (14° 03.79’N, 121° 29.83’E), 2101 m asl, soil, 28 March 2001, S. W. James coll.,</p><p>Non-types: One preclitellate, same data as holotype. one clitellate, Quezon Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.50833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.066334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.50833/lat 14.066334)">Mt. Banahaw</a>, “Camp 2 ” (14° 03.98’N, 121° 30.50’E), 1477 m asl, 27 March 2001, S. W. James coll. ; one aclitellate, Quezon Province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.506165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.0725" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.506165/lat 14.0725)">Mt. Banahaw</a> saddle (14° 04.35’N, 121° 30.37’E), 1559 m asl, soil, 27 March 2001, S. W. James coll.</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after Apolinario de la Cruz, a local resistance hero during the Spanish colonial era.</p><p>Diagnosis. One midventral spermathecal pore in intersegment 7/8; spermatheca in VIII. Copulatory bursae openings- 0.5 mm apart. Pigmentation- uninterrupted at setal rings, Intestinal origin in XVI, typhlosolar origin in segment XXXIII; septa 8/9/10 absent.</p><p>Description. Brown dorsal pigmentation, including setal rings. Dimensions- 33 mm by 2.4–2.6 at segment X, 2–2.5 mm at segment XXX, 2.5–2.7 mm at clitellum, total segments- 62; body ovate in cross-section. Setae count-39 at segment VII, 45 at segment XX; size uniform, ventral setae- more crowded, setal formula- AA:AB:YZ:ZZ= 3:2:3:4 at segment XIII; one seta between male pores. Clitellum annular XIV–XVI; setae visible externally.</p><p>First dorsal pores at intersegment 11/12. Single spermathecal pore midventral in intersegment 7/8; openings of copulatory bursae paired in segment XVIII at 4 th setal lines, distance between openings- 0.5 mm. Female poresingle, present in segment XIV. Genital markings absent.</p><p>Seta 5/67/8- thick; 8/9–9/10- absent; 10/11–12/13- thin. Gizzard- in segments VIII–X, intestine begins in XVI, small paired lymph glands found between segments XXVIII–XXIX along dorsal vessel; intestinal caeca- simple originating in segment XXVII, and extending anteriorly approximately to segment XXIV, with small finger-shaped sac (Fig. 7H); typhlosole- large originating from segment XXXIII. Hearts- in segments X–XIII, esophageal.</p><p>Ovaries and funnels- in XIII, spermatheca- in VIII with nephridia on spermathecal ducts; spermatheca with small broad oval-shaped ampulla, duct very short, shorter than diverticulum and ampulla, paired diverticula with long slender stalks, small spherical chambers. Male sexual system- holandric, testes and funnels- in ventral paired sacs in X–XI. Seminal vesicles- two pairs, large sized in XI–XII, prostates in XVII–XIX, with muscular duct entering copulatory bursae without stalked glands (Fig. 7G); copulatory bursae openings surrounded by toroid pad partly divided into 5 or 6 wedges. Penis- rounded column on roof.</p><p>Remarks. This is very distinctive because of a single midventral spermatheca, with two diverticula. This suggests formation from the partial fusion of two spermathecae, leaving the diverticulum from each ancestral spermatheca intact, rather than from the elimination of one spermatheca entirely (James 2004). The same is seen in P. monotheca James 2004 in the urceolata species-group, and P. monoporata James 2004, P. concepcionensis Aspe &amp; James 2014, and P. vergrandis Aspe &amp; James 2014 in the sangirensis -group (Table 1). P. unicystis Lee 1981 and P. vergrandis also have a single spermatheca those appear to have originated from the deletion of one spermatheca, rather than from the fusion of two, in which case two diverticula are retained after fusion. Distinctions with P. monoporata include the absence of white stripes common in the species-group, separate copulatory bursal openings rather than partially fused, hemispherical copulatory bursae rather than free-standing egg-shaped bursae, intestinal origin in segment XVI versus XVII, and a typhlosolar origin several segments posterior of the usual position near the caecal origin-segment. Pheretima concepcionensis lacks stripes and also has the spermatheca in VIII, but it is much larger at&gt; 89 mm, has no bursal pads, and has many more setae per segment.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/191C5117FFB3FFD5FF5AFE83FB934119	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hong, Yong;James, Samuel W.	Hong, Yong, James, Samuel W. (2026): Five new earthworm species of the Pheretima sangirensis-group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mount Banahaw, Quezon Province, Philippines. Zootaxa 5748 (3): 354-368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2
191C5117FFB2FFDFFF5AFC04FCEE41E7.text	191C5117FFB2FFDFFF5AFC04FCEE41E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pheretima madii Hong & James 2026	<div><p>Pheretima madii sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 25ACB471-9285-4F61-AB1E-D30CB5C5EB87</p><p>(Fig. 6, Fig. 7I, J)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: one clitellate (NMA 4812): Philippines, Quezon province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.50833&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.066334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.50833/lat 14.066334)">Mt. Banahaw</a>, “Camp 2 ” (14° 03.98’N, 121° 30.50’E), 1477 m asl, 27 March 2001, S. W. James coll.</p><p>Non-types: One clitellate, same data as holotype. Quezon province, Mt. Banahaw saddle (14° 04.35’N, 121° 30.37’E), 1559 m asl, soil, 27 March 2001, S. W. James coll., one aclitellate. Quezon province, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=121.50183&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=14.063666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 121.50183/lat 14.063666)">Mt. Banahaw Ridge</a> (14° 03.82’N, 121° 30.11’E), 1800 m asl, soil, 28 March 2001, S. W. James coll, one late juvenile .</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after one of the guides who helped with the expedition.</p><p>Diagnosis. One pair closely spaced spermathecal pores in intersegment 7/8 at 3 rd setal lines, 0.4–0.6 mm or 0.06 circumference apart; copulatory bursae openings- 0.10–0.13 circumference apart. No setae between male pores. Striped pigmentation, intestinal origin in XVII, spermathecae in VII, and septa 8/9/10 present.</p><p>Description. Light red to brown dorsal pigmentation, pigmentation absent in setal rings. Dimensions- 54–60 mm by 2.8–2.9 at segment X, 3.4–3.6 mm at segment XXX, 3.4–3.5 mm at clitellum, total segments- 100–105; body cylindrical in cross-section. Setae count- 39–52 at segment VII, 56 at segment XX; 0 between male pores, size regular, ventral setae more crowded, setal formula- AA:AB:YZ:ZZ= 3:2:3:4 at segment XIII. Clitellum- in segments XIV-XVI, setae not visible within it.</p><p>First dorsal pores at intersegment 12/13. One pair of spermathecal pores- ventrally placed close together in intersegment 7/8 at 3 rd setal lines, distance between spermathecal pores 0.4–0.6mm, or 0.03–0.05of the circumference apart, elevated lips around pores very conspicuous; openings of copulatory bursae paired in segment XVIII at 5 th –6 th setal lines, distance between male pores 0.4–0.6 mm, or 0.03–0.05 of the circumference apart. Female pore not visible, genital markings absent.</p><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>Seta 5/6–8/9- very thin, 9/10- absent, 11/12/13- thin. Gizzard- in VIII–IX, low esophageal lamellae in segments XI–XIV, intestine begins in XVII, small paired lymph glands originate from segment XXIX along dorsal vessel; intestinal caeca- simple, originating in segment XXVII, and extending anteriorly approximately to XXII, with small finger-shaped sac (Fig. 7J); typhlosole small from XXVII. Hearts X–XIII esophageal.</p><p>Ovaries and funnels in XIII, spermathecae in VII with nephridia covering spermathecal ducts; spermathecae with small ovate-conical ampulla, flattened by gizzard, thick duct shorter than diverticulum; diverticulum stalk slender with small elongate egg-shaped chamber, small black spots on the surface. Male sexual system- holandric, testes and funnels- present in ventral paired sacs in X–XI. Seminal vesicles- two pairs in XI–XII, small dorsal lobes if present apical, prostates in segments XVII–XIX with muscular ducts (Fig. 7J), entering center medial face of copulatory bursae without stalked glands; copulatory bursae opening surrounded by ring of 4–5 wedges, blunt conical penis from roof.</p><p>Remarks. The combination of character states of striped pigmentation, intestinal origin in XVII, spermathecae in VII, and septa 8/9/10 present is apparently unique to P. madii sp. nov. (Table 1). Pheretima vicinipora James 2004 is another member of the sangirensis -group with very closely approximated spermathecal pores (0.08 of the circumference apart) and secondary male pores, (0.04 of the circumference apart), but P. madii sp. nov. has the male pores distinctly visible on the ventral surface rather than as openings on the floor of a pit. Other distinguishing characters of P. vicinipora are: a large glandular body on the spermathecal ducts, roof-mounted copulatory bursal pads, intestinal origin at segment XVI, larger dorsal setal gaps, fewer setae in segment XX (40) but approximately the same number in segment VII (~52), no ventral setal gaps.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/191C5117FFB2FFDFFF5AFC04FCEE41E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Hong, Yong;James, Samuel W.	Hong, Yong, James, Samuel W. (2026): Five new earthworm species of the Pheretima sangirensis-group (Clitellata: Megascolecidae) from Mount Banahaw, Quezon Province, Philippines. Zootaxa 5748 (3): 354-368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.2
