identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
10085317FFD4FFE9FF17F8FEFE1AFCBA.text	10085317FFD4FFE9FF17F8FEFE1AFCBA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips Moulton 1968	<div><p>Paracholeothrips Moulton</p><p>Paracholeothrips Moulton, 1968: 110 . Type species Paracholeothrips validus Moulton, by monotypy. Despite the extensive review by Crespi et al. (2004), relationships between some of the genera of Phlaeothripinae in Australia on Acacia phyllodes continue to be obscure. The two species in the genus Turmathrips share many character states with those of Paracholeothrips species, notably the elongate form of the prosternal ferna and the longitudinal division of the mesonotum. However, both these species have a pronounced tubercle on the fore femora. Similarly, the species of Lichanothrips share many character states with those of Paracholeothrips, but in both sexes of Lichanothrips species the fore femora are more enlarged, and in females the fustis is broader rather than linear, and the subgenital plate unusually broad and sometimes with a toothed margin.</p><p>There is considerable variation in appearance between the species of Paracholeothrips, and within some of the species considerable differences in body size are known. Despite the remarkable differences in structure between some of these species they all share the following character states: Macropterous; head longer than wide and narrower at base; maxillary stylets not deeply retracted into head, about one-third of head width apart. Antennae 8-segmented, III with one sense cone (two in one species), IV with 3 sense cones. Pronotum notopleural sutures complete; mesonotum with complete median longitudinal division (rarely incomplete). Fore femur without tubercles; fore tibia sometimes with apical tubercle; fore tarsus with large or elongate tooth. Prosternal basantra weak or absent, ferna large and sometimes longer than wide with median margins closely parallel; sternopleural sutures usually present. Pelta broad (except one species); tergites II–VII each with 2 pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae; tergite IX setae slender in both sexes; tube shorter than head. Male similar to female, fore tarsal tooth smaller; sternite VIII pore plate present or absent.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD4FFE9FF17F8FEFE1AFCBA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
10085317FFD5FFE9FF17F9D7FE61F8D8.text	10085317FFD5FFE9FF17F9D7FE61F8D8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips calcicolae Crespi	<div><p>Paracholeothrips calcicolae Crespi et al.</p><p>Paracholeothrips calcicolae Crespi et al., 2004: 270</p><p>This species is known only from two samples taken in tied phyllodes of Acacia calcicola in central Australia. Two males and one female, taken with many typical clavisetae from Acacia papyrocarpa near Whyalla, South Australia, share the character states by which calcicolae is distinguished from clavisetae . This sample thus suggests that, despite the difference in sculpture on sternite VIII of males, it is possible that calcicolae may represent aberrant specimens of clavisetae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD5FFE9FF17F9D7FE61F8D8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
10085317FFD5FFE9FF17FCF1FA55FA41.text	10085317FFD5FFE9FF17FCF1FA55FA41.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips Moulton 1968	<div><p>Key to Paracholeothrips species</p><p>1. Head more than 2.5 as long as wide (Fig. 3); mesonotal median division often weak and incomplete anteriorly (Fig. 16); pelta at least 1.5 times as long as basal width (Fig. 18); metathoracic sternopleural sutures extending almost to posterior of metasternum (Fig. 19)................................................................................ phillipsi sp. nov.</p><p>-. Head about 1.5 times as long as wide, rarely as much as 2.0 times; mesonotal median division robust and complete; pelta broader than long; metathoracic sternopleural sutures variable, never unusually long............................... 2</p><p>2. Postocular setae small, less than 0.5 of width of an eye (Fig. 5)................................................. 3</p><p>-. Postocular setae well-developed, longer than width of an eye.................................................. 5</p><p>3. Pronotal epimeral setae very small, usually no longer than discal setae; tergite IX setae S1 usually much shorter than tube................................................................................................. mulgae</p><p>-. Pronotal epimeral setae well-developed; tergite IX setae as long as or longer than tube.............................. 4</p><p>4. Head of female with prominent tubercle behind both eyes (Fig. 2)................................... morrisi sp. nov.</p><p>-. Head of female without prominent lateral tubercles (Fig. 1)............................................... gracilis</p><p>5. Antennal segment III apex with 1+1 sense cones on external margin; prosternal basantra absent (Fig. 12); fore tibia of female without tubercle at inner apex (Fig. 4)................................................................ validus</p><p>-. Antennal segment III with only one sense cone; prosternal basantra present but small (Fig. 7); female fore tibia inner apical margin with small tubercle.............................................................................. 6</p><p>6. Fore femora and body yellowish brown; metanotum finely reticulate medially; male sternite VIII with band of reticulation anterior to pore plate............................................................................ calcicolae</p><p>-. Fore femora and body uniformly dark brown; metanotal median sculpture absent or weak; male sternite VIII fully occupied by pore plate.................................................................................... clavisetae</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD5FFE9FF17FCF1FA55FA41	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
10085317FFD6FFEAFF17FF01FD7AFD67.text	10085317FFD6FFEAFF17FF01FD7AFD67.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips clavisetae (Girault 1926)	<div><p>Paracholeothrips clavisetae (Girault)</p><p>(Fig. 7)</p><p>Adiaphorothrips clavisetae Girault, 1926: 1</p><p>Girault described the species based on five syntypes taken at Dalby in southern Queensland, but only one of these specimens is now identified as clavisetae (Crespi et al. 2004) . The species is interpreted as being widespread and common across the Australian mainland and specimens have been studied from at least 12 species of Acacia . Individuals vary greatly in size and structure, particularly the length of the head. Larger individuals have the prosternal ferna elongate with the median margins approaching each other, whereas smaller individuals have the fernal plates more nearly transverse and well separated (Fig. 7). Most specimens identified as clavisetae have been collected in Queensland, but many have come from semi-arid areas of South Australia and New South Wales, including one female from Acacia melvillei at Euston on the border with Victoria, and a few of both sexes from Acacia sibilans at Cue in Western Australia. However, no specimens have been seen from Victoria or from Northern Territory. It shares with P. validus and P. calcicolae the character state of long postocular setae, whereas this pair of setae is short in the other members of the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD6FFEAFF17FF01FD7AFD67	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
10085317FFD6FFEAFF17FC8FFB36FBDD.text	10085317FFD6FFEAFF17FC8FFB36FBDD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips gracilis Crespi	<div><p>Paracholeothrips gracilis Crespi et al.</p><p>(Figs 1, 8)</p><p>Paracholeothrips gracilis Crespi et al., 2004: 272</p><p>This elegant slender species is known only from the type series taken at Meekathera, Western Australia. The Acacia host was given as? citrinoviridis, although it was never satisfactorily identified. The fore tarsal tooth is particularly long and slender, and the fore tibia also has a spur at the inner apex. The prosternal basantra are small or even absent in both sexes, but in females the ferna are massive, elongate with the median margins closely parallel (Fig. 8). In males, the ferna are similar in shape but not so elongate, and sternite VIII does not have a pore plate .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD6FFEAFF17FC8FFB36FBDD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
10085317FFD6FFEBFF17FB52FAB4F838.text	10085317FFD6FFEBFF17FB52FAB4F838.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips morrisi Mound & Tree 2025	<div><p>Paracholeothrips morrisi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 2, 9, 13, 15)</p><p>Female macroptera. With the generic character states indicated above. Body mainly dark brown, pronotum brownish-yellow, tubercles on head yellow; antennal segment III mainly brownish-yellow, IV–VII brown with basal third decreasingly paler; major setae pale except dark brown anals; fore wing pale. Antennal segments III–IV with sense cones small, slender and curved (Fig. 13); segment VIII short and broadly joined to VII. Head with elongate tubercle laterally behind both eyes (Fig. 2); postocular setae acute, shorter than postocular tubercles. Pronotum elongate, narrowed at apex, with median longitudinal ridge; epimeral and posteroangular setae long and slender, remaining major setae not longer than discal setae. Mesonotal median division complete (Fig. 15). Metanotum reticulate, but anteromedian triangular area less strongly reticulate. Prosternal basantra absent, ferna elongate with truncate apex (Fig. 9); mesopresternum of two small triangles; metathoracic sternopleural sutures short, scarcely extending beyond hind margin of coxal cavity. Fore tarsus with long and robust tooth, fore tibia inner apex with stout tubercle. Fore wing broad, parallel sided, with more than 20 duplicated cilia, terminal cilia short, sub-basal setae short. Pelta reticulate, wider than long; tergites II–V each with two pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae placed laterally, these setae weaker or absent on VI–VII; tergite IX setae long and pale, anal setae on X long and dark brown.</p><p>Measurements. (Holotype female in microns) Body length 3900. Head, length 500; width across eyes 300; width to apex of tubercles 400; postocular setae (left/right) 75/30. Pronotum, length 550; width 550; epimeral setae (of paratype)125; posteroangular setae (of paratype) 150. Fore wing, length 1800; sub-basal setae 40–50. Tergite IX setae S1 230, S2 255; tube length 250. Antennal segments III-VIII length: 145; 115; 100; 95; 90; 35.</p><p>Specimens studied. Holotype female, Western Australia, Mullewa [400 km north of Perth], from Acacia ampliata ?, 24.ii.2004 (David Morris), in Australian National Insect Collection.</p><p>Paratype female, Western Australia, Paynes Find [420 km northeast of Perth], from Acacia minyura, 15.ii.2004 (David Morris) .</p><p>Comments. Although this species shares many character states with its congeners, the form of the head is unique. The most similar species is P. gracilis, particularly in the structure of the pronotum. Moreover, large females of gracilis also have a small tubercle behind each eye, but the fore tarsal tooth is much longer and more slender.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD6FFEBFF17FB52FAB4F838	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
10085317FFD0FFECFF17FB52FA84F9CA.text	10085317FFD0FFECFF17FB52FA84F9CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips mulgae Crespi	<div><p>Paracholeothrips mulgae Crespi et al.</p><p>(Figs 5, 10)</p><p>Paracholeothrips mulgae Crespi et al., 2004: 273</p><p>This species is widespread on mulga, the common arid zone tree, Acacia aneura . The holotype was taken at Adavale, Queensland, with other specimens in the general area of Charleville. Further populations have been studied from western central New South Wales, also in South Australia just south of the border with Northern Territory. In Western Australia it was found commonly between Kalgoorlie and Mt Magnet. The head has postocular setae present but short and is often more or less reticulate (Fig. 5). The prosternal ferna are elongate, varying between two and three times as long as wide medially (Fig. 10), and on tergite IX the lengths of setae S1 are variable but usually considerably shorter than the tube length. The metathoracic sternopleural sutures are usually not developed .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD0FFECFF17FB52FA84F9CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
10085317FFD0FFEDFF17F921FEB7FA6E.text	10085317FFD0FFEDFF17F921FEB7FA6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips phillipsi Mound & Tree 2025	<div><p>Paracholeothrips phillipsi sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 3, 6, 11, 14, 16, 18–21)</p><p>Female macroptera. With most of the generic character states indicated above. Body dark brown, fore tibiae and fore tarsi paler; antennal segments brownish-yellow and variably slightly shaded on apical third; major setae pale but anals slightly shaded; fore wings pale. Antennal segments III–IV with sense cones short and stout (Fig. 14), V–VI with apex ventrally bearing several small sense cones; segment VIII short and broadly joined to VII. Head exceptionally long, eyes large, genae convex but scarcely constricted at base (Fig. 3); postocular setae distant from eyes. Pronotum long and slender, narrowed at apex, with median longitudinal ridge (Fig. 6); epimeral and posteroangular setae well-developed but not long, remaining major setae not longer than discal setae. Mesonotal median division weak and variable, sometimes incomplete at anterior (Fig. 16). Metanotum reticulate medially, except on anteromedian triangular area. Prosternal basantra absent, ferna elongate with long pointed apex, sometimes partially fused medially (Fig. 11); mesopresternum of two very small sclerites; metathoracic sternopleural sutures long, extending almost to posterior margins of metasternum (Fig. 19). Fore tarsus with stout, robust, tooth (Fig. 20); fore tibia short, inner apex with small tubercle. Fore wing broad, parallel sided, with more than 24 duplicated cilia, terminal cilia short, sub-basal setae short. Pelta reticulate, long and slender (Fig. 18); tergites II–VI each with two pairs of sigmoid wing-retaining setae placed laterally, these setae weaker or absent on VII; tergite IX setae shorter than tube; fustis short, about 1.5 times as long as wide (Fig. 21); tube about half as long as head.</p><p>Measurements. (Holotype female in microns) Body length 4200. Head, length 450; width across genae 150. Pronotum, length 450; width 300; epimeral setae 120; posteroangular setae 30. Fore wing, length 1700; sub-basal setae 50, 30. Tergite IX setae S1 145, S2 155; tube length 250. Antennal segments III–VIII length: 78; 75; 75; 78; 55; 25.</p><p>Male macroptera. Similar in structure to females but head and pronotum less elongate, prosternal basantra also slightly shorter with apex rounded. Sternite VIII without pore plate; tergite IX setae S2 about two-thirds as long as setae S1. Teneral males much paler than mature adults.</p><p>Specimens studied. Holotype female, Queensland, nr Esk, from phyllode gall on Acacia fasciculifera, 4.vii.2025 (DJ Tree 2124), in Australian National Insect Collection.</p><p>Paratypes. With same data as holotype, 11 females each taken in a separate gall. Queensland, two sites 60 km northwest of Brisbane: Glamorgan Vale, 6 females 1 male from phyllode galls on Acacia fasciculifera, 21.vii.2025, (DJ Tree 2125); Lark Hill, 1 female 3 males from phyllode galls on Acacia fasciculifera, 21.vii.2025 (DJ Tree 2127), in Australian National Insect Collection and Queensland Primary Industries Insect Collection .</p><p>Comments. There are several character states that distinguish this species from its congeners: Head slender, 2.5 times as long as wide and not sharply constricted at base; pronotum long and narrow, not extending across prothorax (Fig. 6); prosternal ferna long with apex acute; anterior of mesonotal median division incomplete or weakly complete; metathoracic sternopleural sutures very long; pelta longer than wide. Despite these differences that at first sight appear to be distinctive, the head in other species of Paracholeothrips varies in length as do the metathoracic sternopleural sutures and the prosternal ferna (Figs 7–12). In neither P. mulgae nor P. gracilis is the pronotum transverse but is similarly elongate as in the new species. However, the pronotal sclerite of P. phillipsi is much narrower than in any other member of the genus (Fig. 6). Each of the females in the type series was taken separately, in low numbers in varying shaped galls, including pea-pod shaped galls and twisted/dimply galls. No glued phyllodes, new or old, were seen on any of the sampled trees, despite thoroughly searching over several months. The number of specimens found makes it unlikely that these have drifted in from other Acacia trees nearby. Another possibility is that the specimens represent an overwintering population, and that they glue together pairs of phyllodes in pairs in a different season. At present there is no evidence whether the species invades or induces these phyllode galls. But it appears that this species may, within Paracholeothrips, be as unusual in its biology as in its body structure.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD0FFEDFF17F921FEB7FA6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
10085317FFD1FFEDFF17F984FF1DF83F.text	10085317FFD1FFEDFF17F984FF1DF83F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paracholeothrips validus Moulton 1968	<div><p>Paracholeothrips validus Moulton</p><p>(Figs 4, 12, 17)</p><p>Paracholeothrips validus Moulton, 1968: 111</p><p>Based on two females taken in the Great Victoria Desert, probably at one of the stations on the East-West railway, this species has also been seen from two sites in Western Australia, about 250 km and about 480 km northeast of Perth. At the first of these sites, it was taken from tied phyllodes of an unidentified Acacia species. Four further specimens were taken in central-western New South Wales at Wilcannia. It is one of three species in this genus with unusually long postocular setae, but it is unique in having antennal segment III with two sense cones on the external apex .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/10085317FFD1FFEDFF17F984FF1DF83F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Mound, Laurence A.;Tree, Desley J.	Mound, Laurence A., Tree, Desley J. (2025): Intra-generic diversity in Paracholeothrips, an Australian genus of domicilebuilding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera on Acacia phyllodes. Zootaxa 5719 (1): 139-145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5719.1.9
