identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
1006878AFFEFFFF5FF70FC12FC24FB5F.text	1006878AFFEFFFF5FF70FC12FC24FB5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oryzias cabaranensis Chen & Yeh & Lai 2025	<div><p>Oryzias cabaranensis sp. nov.</p><p>(噶瑪蘭青鱂)</p><p>(Fig. 1)</p><p>Material examined</p><p>Holotype. NTOUP-2024-09-231; 23.6 mm SL, coll. H.T. Lai; September 16, 2024; Shuanlianpi, Yilan County, Taiwan, R.O.C.</p><p>Paratypes. NTOUP-2024-09-232; 10 specimens, 22.0– 31.7 mm SL,locality data and date same as holotype.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>The new species, Oryzias cabaranensis can be well distinguished from other congeners by the following unique combination of features:</p><p>(1) fin-ray counts: dorsal-fin rays 6 (6 seen in holotype); anal-fin rays modally 17; pelvic-fin rays 6 (6); pectoral-fin rays 9–10; (2) body compressed laterally, robust anteriorly and slender posteriorly, body depth at pelvic origin 20.9–23.3 (22.3), body depth at anal fin origin 17.2–20.1 (18.8); (3) the dorsal-fin origin inserted almost at the vertical of 12 th anal-fin rays, membrane between dorsal-fin 5 th and 6 th rays with distinct notch in adult male; and (4) Body translucent, light creamy yellowish to light brown, a conspicuous, narrowly dotted, longitudinal black line along the middle forward to vertical above pelvic fin. Belly wall, peritoneum slivery, somewhat subrectangular. Operculum and pre-pectoral region slivery. No silvery scales on lateral body except central part of middle body. Eye light bluish silvery dorsally. All fins and belly translucent and colored pale white. Caudal fin unmarked. Pelvic and anal fin with widely scattered tiny melanophores.</p><p>Description</p><p>Body proportions as their detailed morphometry were summarized in Table 1. Dorsal-fin rays 6 (6 seen in holotype); anal-fin rays 17–18 (modally 17); pelvic-fin rays 6 (6); pectoral-fin rays 9–10 (modally 9); and vertebral counts 28–29 (modally 29).</p><p>Medium size species, with maximum size of available specimens examined as 31.7 mm SL seen in female. Head moderate large, with head length 21.4–24.1 (22.6) depressed dorsoventrally; eye very large, eye diameter 35.4–37.8 (36.3); snout rather short, snout length 21.1–26.2 (23.2). Body compressed laterally, robust anteriorly and slender posteriorly, body depth at pelvic origin 20.9–23.3 (22.3), body depth at anal fin origin 17.2–20.1 (18.8). No greatly pronounced abdominal concavity between pelvic fins and anterior part of anal fin in female. Mouth terminal, up-turned; tip of upper lip about the horizontal line crossing the upper margin of pupil, lower jaw projecting forward beyond upper jaw, each jaws in having minute conical teeth; lips slightly fleshy.</p><p>Dorsal body profile relatively straight from head to mid-dorsum and curving from mid-dorsum to dorsal-fin origin without distinct hump; ventral profile as a gentle arch from head to anal-fin origin.</p><p>Dorsal profile of head concave. Cheek very limited by rather large eye. Orbit not projecting toward the dorsal profile. Gill slit opening to superior margin of pectoral-fin base; isthmus located inferior to posterior margin of eye. Scales relatively large and deciduous, cycloid. No scales on rostral zone. Cephalic lateral-line system absent on dorsal, lateral, jugular of head. Nostril opens upper jaw posterosuperior, and lachrymal in front of eye opens near anterior margin.</p><p>Dorsal fin situated for posteriorly, the dorsal-fin origin inserted almost at the vertical of 12 th anal-fin rays. Membrane between dorsal-fin 5 th and 6 th rays with distinct notch in adult male. Dorsal fin rays may elongate with growth in male. Pelvic fin abdominal.Anal fin base rather long; membrane margin between each anal-fin ray indented in male, somewhat and slightly concave in female. Pectoral fin rays expended medially. Caudal fin truncate, median to posterior 1/3 part branched. Males with a short, tubular urogenital papilla; females with an enlarged bilobed fleshy, urogenital papilla.</p><p>Coloration while fresh</p><p>Body translucent, light creamy yellowish to light brown, scattered with minute melanophores can be seen alive and preservative, a conspicuous, narrowly dotted, longitudinal black line along the middle forward to vertical above pelvic fin.</p><p>Belly wall, peritoneum slivery, somewhat subrectangular in both sexes. Operculum and pre-pectoral region slivery. No silvery scales on lateral body except central part of middle body. Lip color grayish or somewhat creamy yellow. Eye light bluish silvery dorsally.</p><p>Generally, all fins and belly translucent and colored pale white. Caudal fin with yellowish but all unmarked. Pelvic and anal fin with widely scattered tiny melanophores.</p><p>Coloration while specimens in preservative similar above and all brilliant coloration and translucent part entirely faded, body generally light yellowish brown except the melanophores and some larger deep black marks still retained.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Although type specimens of Oryzias cabaranensis were designated from Shuanlianpi, Yilan County, in northern Taiwan, three or more localities have been discovered since the earliest populations of Shuanlianpi were claimed. In New Taipei City, the fragile habitats of both the Shuanshi River basin and Tanshuei River basin also ever been documented with the native freshwater rice-fish. However, some populations occurred in New Taipei City also faced the problem of the alien fish species (eg. Cichlids, guppes and snakeheads) invasion as well as local water pollution problem caused the great ecological threatening of rice-fish extinction.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific name, cabaranensis, is referred to names of the fish holotype locality collected from the “Cabaran” (the classical name for Yilan County), Taiwan, ROC.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The new freshwater rice fish, Oryzias cabaranensis from Yilan, Taiwan can be well distinguished from the mostly close related Chinese species, Oryzias sinensis from the topotypes of Kunming, Yunnan, China by the following several features: (1) anal fin ray insertion vertical to dorsal fin origin as 12 th ray vs. 13 th ray; (2) lower vertebral count as 28–29 (modally 29) vs. higher count as 30–31 (modally 31); (3) no distinct hump below dorsal fin in male vs. great hump below dorsal fin in male; slender caudal peduncle with lower caudal peduncle depth/ length ratio (56.6–62.6%) in male vs. rather robust caudal peduncle with higher caudal peduncle depth/length ratio (91.2–93.5%) in male; (4) short extension of dorsal fin while depressed not reaching vertical of caudal fin base in male vs. relatively longer extension of dorsal fin while depressed extending beyond vertical of caudal fin base in male; (5) low extension of anal fin rays not reaching vertical of caudal fin base when depressed in male vs. rather long extension of anal rays always extending beyond vertical line of caudal fin base in male.</p><p>In our unpublished mitogenetic data, its molecular phylogeny was also shown the distinct mitogenetic differentiation for both O. sinensis from Kumning, Yunnan Province and O. cabaranensis from Yilan, Taiwan. Between the two extreme of Yunnan compared to Taiwan, the more detail survey of wide geographical range to define species boundary around O. sinensis species complex is very essential. The detailed phylogenetic relationship among the Chinese-Korean-Japanese region of freshwater rice-fishes would be discussed in near future while gathering more taxa and different locality samples of rice fishes for reconstructing their phylogenetic aspect among wide geographical continental Chinese and insular Taiwanese waters.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1006878AFFEFFFF5FF70FC12FC24FB5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Chen, I-Shiung;Yeh, Ming-Fon;Lai, Hong-Thih	Chen, I-Shiung, Yeh, Ming-Fon, Lai, Hong-Thih (2025): A new freshwater ricefish of genus Oryzias (Teleostei: Adrianichthyidae) from northern Taiwan. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 190-196, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.23, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.23
