identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
58E8BC618C075130B812AED2D1D01967.text	58E8BC618C075130B812AED2D1D01967.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acer integrilobum C. O. Weber Palaeontographica 1852	<div><p>Acer integrilobum C. O. Weber, 1852</p><p>Fig. 12 A, B</p><p>Acer integrilobum C. O. Weber Palaeontographica, 2 (5): 196. April 1852.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 80183, UMJ 80194, UMJ 80200, UMJ 80201.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, palmate, 3 - lobed, 33 mm long, 25–30 mm wide, lamina shape ovate, base cordate, apex rounded, lobes triangular to oblong, margin with a few irregular, indistinct teeth.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>The leaves also resemble A. pseudomonspessulanum Unger as described, for example, from the Early Pliocene flora of western Hungary (Hably and Kvaček 1997).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/58E8BC618C075130B812AED2D1D01967	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
073FC58BD8825689A807EDFD603EB66A.text	073FC58BD8825689A807EDFD603EB66A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acer jurenakii Stur 1867	<div><p>Acer jurenakii Stur, 1867</p><p>Figs 12 C – E, 12 G, 13 A, 13 B</p><p>Acer jurenakii Štúr Jahrb. K. K. Geol. Reichsanst., 1867, 17 (1): 195 [99]. 30 March 1867.</p><p>= Liquidambar pseudoprotensa Andr. Fl. Sarm. Stufe Ungarn 71. 1959.</p><p>Other records.</p><p>Liquidambar protensa auct. non Unger; Andreánszky and Kovács-Sonkodi 1955, p. 46, text-fig. 14, pl. 11, fig. 2 (Felsőtárkány, Hungary).</p><p>Acer jurenakii Štúr; Berger 1955, p. 101, text-fig. 133 (Laaerberg / Wien, Austria).</p><p>Acer jurenakii Štúr; Iljinskaja 1964, p. 138, text-fig. 2 (Swoszowice, Poland).</p><p>Acer jurenakii Štúr; Iljinskaja 1968, p. 75, pl. 17, figs 1, 2 (Uzhgorod, Ukraine).</p><p>Acer jurenakii Štúr; Kovar-Eder 1988, p. 50, pl. 12, fig. 1 (Grossenreith, Austria).</p><p>Acer jurenakii Štúr et al. 1990, p. 22, text-fig. 6,? 4, 5, text-fig. 7, 1–7, pl. 5, figs 2–5 (Wörth, Kirchberg a. d. Raab, Austria).</p><p>Acer obtusilobum Unger; Gross 1998, pl. 5, fig. 4 (Paldau, Feldbach, Austria).</p><p>Acer obtusilobum Unger; Krenn 1998, p. 204, pl. 9, figs 1–3, pl. 10, fig. 1 (Paldau, Kirchberg a. d. Raab, Austria).</p><p>Acer jurenakii Štúr; Hably 2013, p. 62, text-fig. 7 f, pl. 20, fig. 1–8 (Balatonszentgyörgy), text-fig. 12 f, pl. 21, fig. 1 (Tihany-Fehérpart, Hungary).</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 79266, UMJ 79504, UMJ 79522, UMJ 79570, UMJ 79571, UMJ 79579, UMJ 79580, UMJ 79740, UMJ 79743, UMJ 79784, UMJ 79790, UMJ 80182, UMJ 80190, UMJ 80222, UMJ 80226, UMJ 80229, UMJ 80232, UMJ 222043, NHMW coll. Steinböck nos. 17, 23.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, trilobate (pentalobate), petiolate, petiole&gt; 10 mm long, lamina 40 –&gt; 65 mm long, 40 –&gt; 70 mm wide; primary venation actinodromous (palinactinodromous), three primary veins, two additional lateral veins depart slightly above leaf base from lateral primary veins and serve two additional lateral lobes; central lobe rhombic, occasionally with a pair of coarse teeth, lateral lobes triangular or rhombic, lobe apex elongate; margin irregularly toothed, teeth triangular, blunt, basal side long sigmoid, apical side short.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Such leaves have variously been determined as Acer obtusilobium Unger, 1847, and Acer subcampestre Göppert, 1855 (Gross 1998; Krenn 1998; Ströbitzer-Hermann cited in Hably 2013). Diagnostic feature of Acer jurenakii is the palinactinodromous venation, the slightly irregular presence of small but distinct teeth, and the shape of the lobes, all of which differ from A. obtusilobum and A. subcampestre . This fossil-species occurs from eastern Austria, Hungary, southern Poland to western Ukraine and had a stratigraphic range from Serravallian (Sarmatian) to Tortonian and Messinian (Pannonian, Pontian) into the Early Pliocene (Dacian). Liquidambar pseudoprotensa described from the Sarmatian locality Felsőtárkány (Andreánszky 1959) corresponds in overall leaf and lobe shape, leaf margin, and the palinactinodromous venation with A. jurenakii and is therefore considered a synonym of A. jurenakii .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/073FC58BD8825689A807EDFD603EB66A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
8F74DB14D32159C99679573EF5FDFB8A.text	8F74DB14D32159C99679573EF5FDFB8A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Acer tricuspidatum A. Braun 1838	<div><p>Acer tricuspidatum A. Braun, 1838</p><p>Figs 12 F, 13 E, 13 F</p><p>Acer tricuspidatum A. Braun in Bronn 1838 Lethaea Geogn., 2 (9–10): 865. 25 November 1838.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 77912, UMJ 80187, UMJ 80188, UMJ 80189, UMJ 80191, UMJ 80193, NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 31 and one unnumbered specimen.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf palmate, trilobate, 60 –&gt; 70 mm long, 40–60 mm wide, base obtuse, apex acute, lobe shape triangular, either all lobes of equal size, or lateral lobes markedly smaller than central lobe, primary venation actinodromous, secondary venation craspedodromous, margin coarsely toothed.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>This fossil-species was a widespread element in Oligocene to Pliocene floras of Europe (Walther 1972). In the leaf assemblage of Andritz, it is less abundant than A. jurenakii . Leaf fossil-species of Acer are accompanied by samaras (Fig. 13 G – I) but we did not attempt to link samara types with leaf species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/8F74DB14D32159C99679573EF5FDFB8A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
7A7FF994E22E564DA42DD8544084615D.text	7A7FF994E22E564DA42DD8544084615D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Alnus cecropiifolia (Ettingsh.) W. Berger 1990	<div><p>Alnus cecropiifolia (Ettingsh.) W. Berger, 1990</p><p>Fig. 10 A</p><p>Alnus cecropiifolia (Ettingsh.) W. Berger Palaeontographica, Abt. B, Paläophytol., 97 (3–6): 87. April 1955.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 80098, UMJ 222054, UMJ 222058.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole not preserved, lamina roundish to ovate, 60 + mm long, 55–65 + mm wide, base obtuse, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation craspedodromous, secondary veins curved, departing from primary vein at low (0–20 ° at base) to steep (40–50 ° higher up) angles, margin toothed, larger primary and smaller secondary teeth, small veins departing from the outermost tertiary veins end in secondary teeth (observed on specimen UMJ 80098; Suppl. material 7).</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Alnus cecropiifolia was a common element in the Neogene flora of western Eurasia, ranging from Iceland to the Mediterranean. In the leaf assemblage of Andritz, it was a rare element.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7A7FF994E22E564DA42DD8544084615D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
5FC8AEB72F1A5343855F8192086032EC.text	5FC8AEB72F1A5343855F8192086032EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Banisteriaecarpum giganteum (Goepp.) Krausel 1952	<div><p>Banisteriaecarpum giganteum (Goepp.) Kräusel, 1952</p><p>Fig. 14 A – E</p><p>Banisteriaecarpum giganteum (Goepp.) Kräusel Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges., (485): 80. 1952.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 79251, UMJ 79268, UMJ 79985, UMJ 79986, UMJ 79987, UMJ 79988, UMJ 79989, UMJ 79990, UMJ 79991, UMJ 79992, UMJ 79993, UMJ 80000, UMJ 80003, UMJ 80004, UMJ 80005, UMJ 80006, UMJ 222041, UMJ 222048, UMJ 222052, NHMW coll. Steinböck nos. 15 a, one unnumbered specimen.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Winged mericarps, general outline maple-like, mericarps up to 110–140 mm long, 40–50 mm wide, proximal part shortly stalked, with ovate to elliptic ovary, up to 35 mm long, distal part with a prominent wing.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>These spectacular mericarps were originally assigned to Acer, but later work has placed them within Malvales (e. g., Kvaček and Hably 2014). Recent findings of fossil wood, foliage, and mericarps attached to a peduncle (Yamada et al. 2025) strongly suggest a closer relationship of the fruits of Banisteriaecarpum with the extant genus Triplochiton K. Schum. ( Malvaceae s. l. subfamily Sterculioideae) from tropical Africa, based on the observation that fossil mericarps were attached to a peduncle with five attachment scars. Previously, Kvaček and Hably (2014) suggested closer relationships with Heritieria Aiton (incl. Tarrietia Blume; ( Malvaceae s. l. subfamily Helicterioideae) with a modern range in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa and eastwards to the Western Pacific. In the latter, the proximal part of the ovary with the elongated stalk and the mericarps are closely similar to the fossil ones, while in Triplochiton the ovaries are attached laterally. Since subfamilies Helicterioideae and Sterculioideae are not closely related (Hernández-Gutiérrez and Magallon 2019), the fossil-taxon might represent an extinct group displaying a mosaic of characters found in different extant subfamilies.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5FC8AEB72F1A5343855F8192086032EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
390E7DA7E9915E95985F2025C15BBE0F.text	390E7DA7E9915E95985F2025C15BBE0F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Betula similis (Goepp.) Zastawn. & H. Walther 1998	<div><p>Betula similis (Goepp.) Zastawn. &amp; H. Walther, 1998</p><p>Fig. 10 B, C</p><p>Betula similis (Goepp.) Zastawn. &amp; H. Walther Acta Palaeobot. 38 (1): 103. 1998.</p><p>Alnus similis Goepp. Tert. Fl. Schossnitz 13. March 1855.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 80100, UMJ 222042, NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 6.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole 6 mm long, leaf shape ovate-trullate, leaf 36 mm long, 18 mm wide, leaf base wide acute, leaf apex acute, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation craspedodromous, tertiary veins perpendicular to secondary veins, branched, opadial vein present, 7 pairs of straight secondary veins, margin toothed, teeth of different size, usually two smaller between two main teeth, main teeth apical and basal sides concave, tooth apex pointed attenuate, smaller teeth with concave / convex basal and concave apical side, tooth apex blunt.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>A single specimen consisting of part and counterpart belongs to Betula . Such leaves were described as Alnus similis but were later placed into Betula (Zastawniak and Walther 1998) . The leaf recovered from Andritz is fairly similar to the modern species Betula pendula Roth with a wide distribution across temperate and cool parts of Eurasia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/390E7DA7E9915E95985F2025C15BBE0F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
D05EB136F98650E1B32D461E74271BEF.text	D05EB136F98650E1B32D461E74271BEF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Byttneriophyllum tiliifolium (A. Braun) Erv. Knobloch and Kvacek 1965	<div><p>Byttneriophyllum tiliifolium (A. Braun) Erv. Knobloch and Kvaček 1965</p><p>Fig. 14 F – H</p><p>Byttneriophyllum tiliifolium (A. Braun) Erv. Knobl., Kvaček Neues Jahrb. Geol. Paläontol., Abh., 121 (2): 203. January 1965.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 5824, UMJ 5827, UMJ 8532, UMJ 61883, UMJ 8534, UMJ 77916, UMJ 79212, UMJ 79214, UMJ 79216, UMJ 79217, UMJ 79218, UMJ 79219, UMJ 79220, UMJ 79223, UMJ 79224, UMJ 79225, UMJ 79226, UMJ 79227, UMJ 79228, UMJ 79302, UMJ 79407, UMJ 79490, UMJ 79576, UMJ 79581, UMJ 79627, UMJ 79915, UMJ 80003, UMJ 80006, UMJ 80225, UMJ 80257, UMJ 222041, UMJ 222042, UMJ 222047, UMJ 222048, UMJ 222052, UMJ 222059, NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 27, two unnumbered specimens.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole&gt; 30 mm long, lamina strongly oblique, asymmetrical, 50–130 mm long, 50–80 mm wide, petiole and primary vein forming an angle of c. 130 °, thus petiole strongly bent, primary venation modified pinnate, secondary venation brochidodromous, two halves of lamina of markedly unequal size, smaller half with 4–6 secondary veins, abmedial branches of basal secondary veins forming additional loops, larger half with additional strong secondary veins originating from the leaf base and each giving rise to several abmedial branches forming a brochidodromous venation pattern, tertiary venation forming a typical chevron pattern in central part of lamina, i. e. between primary vein and secondary veins, tertiary veins perpendicular between pairs of secondary veins.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>The systematic placement of these leaves has been a matter of discussion for many decades (Kvaček and Hably 2014). Recent studies demonstrated a close relationship between the leaves of Byttneriophyllum and the fruits of Banisteriaecarpum and suggested that they belonged within the Malvaceae s. l. (Kvaček and Hably 2014; Yamada et al. 2025). Kvaček (1994) reviewed the fossil history of the Byttneriophyllum / Banisteriaecarpum plant and suggested that it migrated to Europe from East Asia via Central Asia during the Paleogene. Earliest records in Europe appear to be from the Miocene. We consider the leaves of Byttneriophyllum and the fruits of Banisteriaecarpum as most probably belonging to a single biological species and hereafter refer to this taxon as ‘ Byttneriophyllum / Banisteriaecarpum ’.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D05EB136F98650E1B32D461E74271BEF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
DA2756AF51005869B2C2C8B9EC18B1A5.text	DA2756AF51005869B2C2C8B9EC18B1A5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Decodon gibbosus (E. Reid) E. Reid 1929	<div><p>Decodon gibbosus (E. Reid) E. Reid, 1929</p><p>Fig. 11 B – G</p><p>Decodon gibbosus (E. Reid) E. Reid in P. A. Nikitin 1929 J. Bot., 67 (2): 37. February 1929.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 77913, UMJ 77914, UMJ 79213, UMJ 79215, UMJ 79221, UMJ 79222, UMJ 79246, UMJ 79501.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole not preserved, lamina elliptic to oblong, c. 10 cm long and 3 cm wide, base acute, venation pinnate, primary vein prominent (Fig. 11 B – G), secondary venation brochidodromous, secondary veins alternate, departing from primary vein at angles of 50–85 °, densely spaced, straight or slightly curved, bending upwards close to the leaf margin and joining into an intramarginal vein (Fig. 11 D, G), secondary veins interconnected by intersecondary veins and tertiary veins, which form a large quadrangular to polygonal network.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Such leaves were also described from the nearby Gratkorn assemblage (Hably and Meller 2017). From this locality also, dispersed seeds and pollen of Decodon are known (Meller and Hably 2014; Geier et al. 2022).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DA2756AF51005869B2C2C8B9EC18B1A5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
423DB912D1C55583B83D8D59DCF0ED16.text	423DB912D1C55583B83D8D59DCF0ED16.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dicotylophyllum undefined-1	<div><p>Dicotylophyllum sp. 1</p><p>Fig. 15 A</p><p>Material.</p><p>NHMW collection Steinböck no. 25.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, ovate, trilobate, c. 60 mm long, c. 60 mm wide, base cordate, apex acuminate to attenuate, lobe shape ovate, central lobe with narrow attenuate apex, lateral lobes with acuminate apex, venation actinodromous, secondary and higher order venation not well preserved, secondary veins appearing brochidodromous, forming large loops.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>This leaf shows some similarities with Hedera by its overall shape, leaf base, and lobe shape but differs by the venation pattern. Somewhat similar leaves were described as Trichosanthes by Kvaček et al. (2008) from Pliocene deposits of Alsace (France).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/423DB912D1C55583B83D8D59DCF0ED16	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
4CD9D6461C1E5D2FB809307C799F957D.text	4CD9D6461C1E5D2FB809307C799F957D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dicotylophyllum undefined-2	<div><p>Dicotylophyllum sp. 2</p><p>Fig. 15 B, C</p><p>Material.</p><p>NHMW collection Steinböck nos. 31, 19.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf or leaflet simple, lamina shape ovate, elliptic to slightly obovate, 65 –&gt; 95 mm long, 30–40 mm long, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation brochidodromous with additional external loops, margin toothed, teeth served by small veins departing from secondary loopings.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>These leaflets fit within the general leaf morphology of Juglandaceae . They might belong to Pterocarya based on the overall leaflet shape, the secondary venation pattern and the dentition. The specimen figured in Fig. 15 B represents a lateral leaflet, while Fig. 15 C is a terminal leaflet.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4CD9D6461C1E5D2FB809307C799F957D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
7ECE5608D5E45335974CB4C09D76A1B9.text	7ECE5608D5E45335974CB4C09D76A1B9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dicotylophyllum undefined-3	<div><p>Dicotylophyllum sp. 3</p><p>Fig. 15 D</p><p>Material.</p><p>NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 7.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf or leaflet simple, elliptic-obovate, lamina slightly asymmetrical, 80 mm long, 45 mm wide, base asymmetrical, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation craspedodromous to semicraspedodromous, margin toothed, teeth of different categories, larger and smaller teeth, sometimes compound.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>The leaf is not well preserved; even lower-order venation details are difficult to observe and hence we are unable to assign it to a particular modern family or genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7ECE5608D5E45335974CB4C09D76A1B9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
837E0D44ADF558BFBAAB5A4D6432D972.text	837E0D44ADF558BFBAAB5A4D6432D972.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dicotylophyllum undefined-4	<div><p>Dicotylophyllum sp. 4</p><p>Fig. 15 E</p><p>Material.</p><p>NHMW coll. Steinböck one unnumbered specimen.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf (let) simple, petiolate, petiole 2 mm long, lamina elliptic, 50 mm long, 20 mm wide, base cuneate, apex acute, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation craspedodromous, tertiary veins perpendicular to secondary veins, percurrent or branched, number of secondary veins 6–7, margin toothed, teeth with long concave basal side and short straight to convex apical side, rather pointed.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>This leaf type is based on a single specimen and might have originated from a plant growing further away from the Andritz lake. Some of the preserved characteristics are shared with leaves of Betulaceae .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/837E0D44ADF558BFBAAB5A4D6432D972	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
07370F44881D5AF1AE61C6E87B271391.text	07370F44881D5AF1AE61C6E87B271391.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dicotylophyllum undefined-5	<div><p>Dicotylophyllum sp. 5</p><p>Fig. 15 F – H</p><p>Material.</p><p>NHMW coll. Steinböck nos. 24–01 – 03.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole 1.5 mm long, stout, lamina elliptic, 13–19 mm long, 5–8.5 mm wide, base and apex acute, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation not well preserved, possibly camptodromus, margin with fine glandular teeth.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>The few leaves from Andritz cannot be assigned to any family or genus with certainty. Similar leaves occur, for example, in the Ericaceae, e. g., Vaccinium, or Rosaceae, e. g., Pyracantha .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/07370F44881D5AF1AE61C6E87B271391	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
D6E3F40766AA526FB5A225C1C6D78ABB.text	D6E3F40766AA526FB5A225C1C6D78ABB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Dicotylophyllum undefined-6	<div><p>Dicotylophyllum sp. 6</p><p>Fig. 15 I</p><p>Material.</p><p>NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 1.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, lamina ovate, 19 mm long, 12 mm wide, primary venation pinnate, appearing acrodromous because of two strong basal secondary veins departing from the leaf base, base margin toothed, teeth served by abmedial branches of basal secondary veins or by secondary veins.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Despite its distinct leaf morphology, we are not able to assign this specimen to a particular modern family or genus. Somewhat similar leaves / leaflets occur in genera of Hamamelidaceae and Rosaceae .</p><p>Indet. reproductive structure 1</p><p>Fig. 16 A</p><p>Material. UMJ 222060.</p><p>Description. Radially symmetrical flower or calyx consisting of five triangular sepals around a central area, c. 15 mm across.</p><p>Discussion. The specimen is similar in size and arrangement of the calyx to a postanthetic flower of Rosaceae, for example of Rubus or Rosa, where five sepals are arranged around a disc with numerous stamens. Stamens form a ring around a central receptacle with several pistils. Similar fossils have been described from Oligocene deposits of the Czech Republic as Rosa milosii Kvaček and Walther (Kvaček and Walther 2004) . Also in this fossil-species, details of the inner structure of the flower or young fruit are hidden in a thick coal matter.</p><p>Indet. reproductive structure 2</p><p>Fig. 16 B</p><p>Material. UMJ 79648.</p><p>Description. Seed like structure, 2.5 mm long, elliptic in outline, subtended by a calyx.</p><p>Discussion. We are unable to assign this reproductive structure to a particular family or genus.</p><p>Indet. reproductive structure 3</p><p>Fig. 16 C</p><p>Material. UMJ 79731, UMJ 79741, UMJ 80228.</p><p>Description. Seeds (?), 4–5 mm long, 0.8–1 mm wide, with a longitudinal furrow.</p><p>Discussion. On the label accompanying the specimen, these seeds are identified as the achenes of Platanus leucophylla . The shape of the seeds and the distinct longitudinal furrow do not match Platanus .</p><p>Indet. reproductive structure 4</p><p>Fig. 16 D</p><p>Material. UMJ 79185.</p><p>Description. Pear-shaped, 5 mm long, seed-like coated structure.</p><p>Discussion. We are unable to assign this specimen to a particular family or genus.</p><p>Indet. reproductive structure 5</p><p>Fig. 16 E</p><p>Material. UMJ 79736.</p><p>Description. Roundish structure, densely covered with thread like appendages, c. 20 mm across.</p><p>Discussion. Superficially resembling a fruiting cup of Quercus . A similar remain from the late Sarmatian locality Felsőtárkány was figured by Andreánszky and Kovács-Sonkodi (1955, pl. 12, fig. 7) as Quercus . We are unable to assign this specimen to a particular family or genus.</p><p>Indet. reproductive structure 6</p><p>Fig. 16 F</p><p>Material. UMJ 80155.</p><p>Description. Seed-like folded structures.</p><p>Discussion. We are unable to assign this specimen to a particular family or genus.</p><p>Indet. Bryophyta</p><p>Fig. 16 G, H</p><p>Material. NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 24-04.</p><p>Description. Leafy axis, c. 8 mm long, with (?) spirally arranged leaves, leaf broad elliptic, with marked midrib, apex cuspidate.</p><p>Discussion. A single minute plant remain resembles extant mosses of Rhizomniaceae ( Bryales) such as the widespread temperate species Rhizomnium punctatum .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D6E3F40766AA526FB5A225C1C6D78ABB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
98FADFEC20525AFCAF09C7A3A42DDE07.text	98FADFEC20525AFCAF09C7A3A42DDE07.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Fagus haidingeri Kovats 1856	<div><p>Fagus haidingeri Kováts, 1856</p><p>Fig. 8 G – I</p><p>Fagus haidingeri Kováts Magyarhoni Földt. Társ. Munkál., (1): 24. 1856.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 222058, UMJ 80056.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole c. 5 mm long, lamina elliptic, 50 mm long, 25 mm wide, base obtuse, apex acuminate, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation semicraspedodromous to pseudocraspedodromous, tertiary perpendicular to secondary veins, percurrent or branched, 9–10 pairs of secondary veins, margin inconspicuously toothed, teeth small rounded, basal side convex, longer than straight to convex apical side, margin between two adjacent teeth convex.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>This fossil-species was described from Sarmatian deposits of Hungary (Kováts 1856) and is a typical element of late Middle Miocene to Pliocene plant assemblages in Central Europe (Knobloch 1969; Zetter 1984; Denk 2004).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/98FADFEC20525AFCAF09C7A3A42DDE07	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
57F0F27359AC547685F7F8D99D57B2D1.text	57F0F27359AC547685F7F8D99D57B2D1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Glyptostrobus europaeus (Brongn.) Unger 1851	<div><p>cf. Glyptostrobus europaeus (Brongn.) Unger, 1851</p><p>Fig. 2 C</p><p>Glyptostrobus europaeus (Brongn.) Unger Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. - Naturwiss. Cl., 1850, 5 (4): 435. 31 March 1851.</p><p>Material.</p><p>A single specimen UMJ 80158.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leafy axis (Fig. 2 C). A c. 3 cm portion of a twiglet with scale-like leaves; partly preserved as compression; leaves decurrent, imbricate, with obtuse apex.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Glyptostrobus is represented by a single modern species endemic to Southeast Asia but was a widespread swamp element in the Cenozoic of the Northern Hemisphere (LePage 2007). During the Middle Miocene, it was present in temperate to subarctic regions (e. g., Iceland; Denk et al. 2011). Knoll (1902) and Hably and Meller (2017) noted that Glyptostrobus was absent from the floras of Andritz and Gratkorn. The present specimen resembles scale-like leaves of G. europaeus but may also represent another Cupressaceae . A second specimen, UMJ 80255, consisting of a leafy axis with terminal, solitary seed cones (Fig. 2 B), unambiguously belonging to Glyptostrobus, was found among the Andritz material labelled “ Wolf / Andritz ”. Most likely, this specimen is from Labuch, Rohrgraben near Gleisdorf (Styria; pers. obs. M. Gross). Fertile twigs and seeds were also recorded from the Pannonian Ries Fm, 3 rd Fuchswirt, Ries, the current 10 th district of Graz (Knoll 1902; Table 1). In general, it appears that this conifer was not a prominent member of the swamp and riparian vegetation surrounding the lake of Andritz.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/57F0F27359AC547685F7F8D99D57B2D1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
30DF0795781D5955BEA44C43C582D3DA.text	30DF0795781D5955BEA44C43C582D3DA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Liquidambar europaea A. Braun	<div><p>Liquidambar europaea A. Braun in Buckl., 1836</p><p>Fig. 5 B, C</p><p>Liquidambar europaea A. Braun in Buckl. Bridgewater Treat., 6 (1): 513. 24 September 1836.</p><p>Material.</p><p>NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 08.</p><p>Description.</p><p>A single leaf fragment, leaf palmate, petiolate, preserved part of petiole 13 mm long, lamina 66 mm long, 87 mm wide, pentalobate, leaf base shallowly cordate, primary venation actinodromous, secondary venation brochidodromous, leaf margin finely crenate.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>This fossil-species was a widespread riparian element in the Neogene of Europe. It immigrated into Western Eurasia from Central Asia during the Oligocene (Walther 1994) and persisted in Europe until the Early Pleistocene (Martinetto 2001).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/30DF0795781D5955BEA44C43C582D3DA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
687DA30C906F5FC5B27DEFDE1917E37B.text	687DA30C906F5FC5B27DEFDE1917E37B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Myrica lignitum (Unger 1850) Saporta Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. 1865	<div><p>Myrica lignitum (Unger) Saporta, 1865</p><p>Fig. 9 A – H</p><p>Myrica lignitum (Unger) Saporta Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Series 5, 4 (2–3 – 4): 102. August – October 1865.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 5827, UMJ 5831, UMJ 79264, UMJ 79270, UMJ 79271, UMJ 79274, UMJ 79277, UMJ 79281, UMJ 79282, UMJ 79285, UMJ 79295, UMJ 79302, UMJ 79462, UMJ 79463, UMJ 79500, UMJ 79505, UMJ 79522, UMJ 79522, UMJ 79570, UMJ 79571, UMJ 79578, UMJ 79774, UMJ 79775, UMJ 79775, UMJ 79776, UMJ 79779, UMJ 79779, UMJ 79780, UMJ 79785, UMJ 79786, UMJ 79788, UMJ 79789, UMJ 79790, UMJ 79791, UMJ 80220, UMJ 80221, UMJ 80223, UMJ 80226, UMJ 80228, UMJ 80229, UMJ 80235, UMJ 80236, UMJ 80279, UMJ 80281, UMJ 222045, UMJ 222058, UMJ 222060, NHMW coll. Steinböck nos. 18, 21, 21 a, 39.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, shortly petiolate, lower part of lamina gradually narrowing into petiole, lamina elliptic to oblanceolate, 100–180 mm long, 20–30 mm wide, base cuneate, decurrent, apex acute to elongated acute, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation brochidodromous to semicraspedodromous, secondary veins departing from primary vein at angles of 5–35 °, curved upwards close to leaf margin, intersecondary veins present, margin entire in basal part of lamina, entire or toothed in upper part, teeth with long basal and short apical side, teeth sharp to blunt.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>The genus Myrica in its traditional circumscription is not monophyletic (Huguet et al. 2005). For this reason, many fossil-species of Myrica would need to be transferred to Morella (https://ifpni.org/species.htm?id= FD9F10BD-41D1-4874-B0BC-D8A0FF2237B9). As long as the fossil-species Myrica lignitum has not been formally placed in the genus Morella, we continue using the name Myrica lignitum . Myrica lignitum was a typical swamp element during the Neogene of Western Eurasia. It is one of the most abundant elements in the leaf flora of Andritz.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/687DA30C906F5FC5B27DEFDE1917E37B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
7F726C7D8B3A5A91B1A945423DBD9D6A.text	7F726C7D8B3A5A91B1A945423DBD9D6A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phragmites oeningensis A. Braun 1855	<div><p>Phragmites oeningensis A. Braun, 1855</p><p>Fig. 2 H</p><p>Phragmites oeningensis A. Braun in Heer Fl. Tert. Helv., 1 (2): 64. 3 January 1855.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 79178, UMJ 79179, UMJ 79213, UMJ 79261, UMJ 79262, UMJ 79295, UMJ 79501, UMJ 79761, UMJ 79578, UMJ 79796, UMJ 80154.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Graminoid leaf fragments,&gt; 8 cm long, up to 3 cm wide, leaf blade constricted at junction with sheath.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>A few graminoid leaf remains may belong to Phragmites because of the characteristic constriction of the leaf at the junction of the leaf blade with the sheath covering the axis.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/7F726C7D8B3A5A91B1A945423DBD9D6A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
E8D83501E53452CFB80409295109BA9B.text	E8D83501E53452CFB80409295109BA9B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Platanus leucophylla (Unger) Erv. Knobloch 1971	<div><p>Platanus leucophylla (Unger) Erv. Knobloch, 1971</p><p>Figs 4 A – F, 5 A</p><p>Platanus leucophylla (Unger) Erv. Knobl. Mitt. Bayer. Staatssamml. Paläontol., (11): 264. 15 December 1971.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 59950, UMJ 77910, UMJ 79282, UMJ 79462, UMJ 79463, UMJ 79488, UMJ 79501, UMJ 79503, UMJ 79723, UMJ 79724, UMJ 79725, UMJ 79731, UMJ 79735, UMJ 79736, UMJ 79739, UMJ 79741, UMJ 79759, UMJ 79760, UMJ 79910, UMJ 80186, UMJ 80228, NHMW coll. Steinböck nos. 22, 16.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole&gt; 3 cm long, lamina pentagon-shaped, small leaves typically c. 30 mm × 30 mm, overall range of lamina length 30–80 + mm, of lamina width 30–140 mm, lamina base truncate, occasionally with prominent portion of naked basal veins (Fig. 4 A – C, E, 5 A), apex acute, primary venation actinodromous to palinactinodromous, three main lobes and two more or less conspicuous lateral lobes, secondary and abmedial veins brochidodromous to craspedodromous, tertiary veins perpendicular to secondary veins, percurrent, leaf margin mainly entire but with a few teeth, main teeth hook-like, coarse (Fig. 4 E), small, bristle-like teeth along lamina margin between main teeth (Fig. 4 C). Numerous impressions of the typical bark of Platanus (Fig. 4 G) are also present in the fossil plant assemblage of Andritz.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Small leaves as the one shown in Fig. 4 D typically occur on proximal positions of branches in modern Platanus and are followed by much larger leaves (Danika et al. 2024). Platanus leucophylla was a widespread element of riparian vegetation during the Middle and Late Miocene across Europe (Danika et al. 2024). Morphological similarities of P. leucophylla are with the modern eastern North American P. occidentalis L. and the hybrid P. hispanica Lam. (= P. occidentalis × P. orientalis L.). A recent re-evaluation of the fossil record of Platanus (Danika et al. 2024) suggested that the ancestor of the single modern European plane tree species, Platanus orientalis might have immigrated from the east during the Miocene. In Europe, it met P. leucophylla, which had arrived there via the North Atlantic land bridge. While the latter disappeared from Europe during the Pliocene, the former evolved into the modern Mediterranean P. orientalis .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/E8D83501E53452CFB80409295109BA9B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
4559D6C0BCC55748B9F400A85AC118C6.text	4559D6C0BCC55748B9F400A85AC118C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Potamogeton stiriacus Knoll 1903	<div><p>Potamogeton stiriacus Knoll, 1903</p><p>Fig. 2 D, E</p><p>Potamogeton stiriacus Knoll Oesterr. Bot. Z., 53 (7): 274. July 1903.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 77922, UMJ 77923, UMJ 77924, UMJ 79425 (counterpart to UMJ 77924), NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 14.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf ovate, c. 2.5–4 cm wide and 4.5–6 cm long, median vein not much thicker than lateral veins, lateral veins longitudinal not always reaching the apex (Fig. 2 E), connected by numerous small veins perpendicular to longitudinal veins, sometimes bifurcating.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>The name P. stiriacus is probably a junior synonym of P. bruckmannii A. Braun in Heer (1855; see, for example, Kovar-Eder and Krainer 1990). Another name, P. martinianus Sitár (1969) was used for similar but better-preserved material from Gratkorn (Hably and Meller 2017). While being the only strictly aquatic plant in the Andritz assemblage, Hably and Meller (2017) reported several other aquatic plants from Gratkorn (Table 1).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/4559D6C0BCC55748B9F400A85AC118C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
1945A26559705D5C83E53E79EC624C22.text	1945A26559705D5C83E53E79EC624C22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Salix varians Goepp. 1855	<div><p>Salix varians Goepp., 1855</p><p>Fig. 10 D – K</p><p>Salix varians Goepp. Tert. Fl. Schossnitz 26. 1–2 March 1855.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UNJ 5831, UMJ 79176, UMJ 79234, UMJ 79236, UMJ 79237, UMJ 79240, UMJ 79243, UMJ 79244, UMJ 79245, UMJ 79246, UMJ 79249, UMJ 79300, UMJ 79392, UMJ 79403, UMJ 79570, UMJ 79731, UMJ 80056, UMJ 80143, UMJ 80256, UMJ 222042, UMJ 222044, UMJ 222051, UMJ 222058, UMJ 222060, NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 3.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole 6–8 mm long, lamina narrow elliptic, 70–100 + mm long, 20–30 mm wide, base obtuse, apex acute, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation eucamptodromous to brochidodromous, intersecondary veins present, departing from primary vein at lower angles than secondary veins, margin toothed, teeth small, glandular.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>These leaves are accompanied by rare infructescences that may belong to the same species (Fig. 10 L). Salix varians is a typical riparian element and among the most abundant species in the leaf assemblage of Andritz. It was also recorded from the coeval Gratkorn clay pit (Hably and Meller 2017).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1945A26559705D5C83E53E79EC624C22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
C7399CA6CCCA527ABB2FCEAFBCBC02F9.text	C7399CA6CCCA527ABB2FCEAFBCBC02F9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Typha latissima A. Braun 1850	<div><p>Typha latissima A. Braun, 1850</p><p>Fig. 2 F</p><p>Typha latissima A. Braun in A. E. Bruckm. Jahresh. Vereins Vaterl. Naturk. Württemberg, 6 (2): 227. 18–21 September 1850.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 8531, UMJ 8535, UMJ 79214, UMJ 79229, UMJ 79230, UMJ 79231, UMJ 79232, UMJ 79233, UMJ 79242, UMJ 79267, UMJ 79462, UMJ 79462, UMJ 79463, UMJ 79463, UMJ 79542, UMJ 79543, UMJ 79573, UMJ 79775, UMJ 79785, UNJ 79790, UMJ 79991, UMJ 80006, UMJ 80147, UMJ 80280, UMJ 222041, UMJ 222042, UMJ 222042, UMJ 222047, UMJ 222049, UMJ 222050, UMJ 222055, UMJ 222057, UMJ 222058, UMJ 80235, NHMW coll. Steinböck no. 22, one unnumbered specimen.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf impressions, 100–400 + mm long, 20–50 mm wide, venation pattern parallelodromous, longitudinal veins sometimes connected by numerous partitions (bridges) that run perpendicular to the longitudinal veins.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>The internal leaf morphology of Typha comprises continuous columns of lacunae separated longitudinally by partitions (Rowlatt and Morshead 1992). These columns run parallel to the longitudinal veins of the leaf epidermis. Leaf compressions / impressions of Typha either show no or only faint imprints of the partitions as small bridges running perpendicular to the longitudinal veins. In cases where the state of preservation is so that the inner surface of the epidermis is exposed, a distinctly parallelodromous vein pattern with short perpendicular bridges connecting the main veins can be observed. Numerous leaf remains showing this pattern are assigned to Typha . In addition, broad leaves with only faint or no visible bridges are also assigned to Typha .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/C7399CA6CCCA527ABB2FCEAFBCBC02F9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
A22966D5E0935731A513C7321DD1999F.text	A22966D5E0935731A513C7321DD1999F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ulmus carpinoides Goepp. Tert. Fl. Schossnitz 1855	<div><p>Ulmus carpinoides Goepp., 1855</p><p>Figs 6 A – F, 7 A – F</p><p>Ulmus carpinoides Goepp. Tert. Fl. Schossnitz 28. 1–2 March 1855.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 5832, UMJ 77911, UMJ 79176, UMJ 79177, UMJ 79238, UMJ 79242, UMJ 79264, UMJ 79265, UMJ 79267, UMJ 79282, UMJ 79295, UMJ 79462, UMJ 79463, UMJ 79505, UMJ 79506, UMJ 79507, UMJ 79508, UMJ 79509, UMJ 79510, UMJ 79511, UMJ 79512, UMJ 79513, UMJ 79514, UMJ 79515, UMJ 79516, UMJ 79517, UMJ 79518, UMJ 79519, UMJ 79520, UMJ 79521, UMJ 79522, UMJ 79523, UMJ 79525, UMJ 79526, UMJ 79527, UMJ 79528, UMJ 79529, UMJ 79530, UMJ 79531, UMJ 79571, UMJ 79578, UMJ 79736, UMJ 79761, UMJ 79779, UMJ 79784, UMJ 79790, UMJ 79791, UMJ 79793, UMJ 80056, UMJ 80138, UMJ 80220, UMJ 80223, UMJ 80226, UMJ 80236, UMJ 80279, UMJ 222041, UMJ 222043, UMJ 222045, numerous additional leaves and leaf fragments on slabs with multiple taxa, NHMW coll. Steinböck nos. 36, 37.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate, petiole 5 mm, lamina elliptic or ovate, (20 –) 30–100 mm long, 12–30 mm wide, length to width ratio 1.5: 1 to 4.5: 1, base slightly asymmetric, obtuse, apex acute to attenuate, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation craspedodromous, tertiary veins perpendicular to secondary veins, percurrent, 14–20 pairs of straight, parallel secondary veins, margin toothed, teeth compound, consisting of a main and a subsidiary tooth, basal and apical sides convex or sigmoid, tooth apex blunt.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Ulmus carpinoides includes specimens previously identified as Ulmus longifolia Unger. The latter name applied to fossil Ulmus leaves is a junior synonym of a modern species and hence illegitimate. In a recent study, Denk et al. (2022) stated that U. longifolia differs from U. carpinoides and U. pyramidalis Goepp. (Göppert 1855) by its distinctly asymmetric leaf base and lamina, which it shares with another fossil-species, U. affinis A. Massal. (Massalongo 1853) . Elm leaves from Andritz have a symmetrical lamina and a leaf base, which is weakly asymmetrical. Based on this, we assign them to U. carpinoides; U. pyramidalis differs by its symmetrical leaf base. The leaf morphology encountered in U. carpinoides includes both long and narrow and smaller and wider leaves (cf. Figs 6, 7). A few fragments of Ulmus fruits comprise a pedicel with a small persistent calyx (Fig. 7 H, I).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A22966D5E0935731A513C7321DD1999F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
1FBAF45EF88C598089B0772B5EA94136.text	1FBAF45EF88C598089B0772B5EA94136.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ulmus plurinervia Unger Chlor. Protogaea 1847	<div><p>Ulmus plurinervia Unger, 1847</p><p>Fig. 7 G</p><p>Ulmus plurinervia Unger Chlor. Protogaea, (8–9): 95. 6–9 October 1847.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 80227, UMJ 80279.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, petiolate (petiole not preserved), lamina elliptic or ovate, 25 mm long, 10–15 mm wide, base slightly asymmetric, shallowly cordate to obtuse, apex acute, primary venation pinnate, secondary venation craspedodromous, tertiary veins perpendicular to secondary veins, percurrent, 11–15 pairs of straight, parallel secondary veins, margin toothed, teeth simple, occasionally with a subsidiary tooth, basal and apical sides straight or convex, tooth apex blunt.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>Such leaves were described as a distinct fossil-species by Unger (1847) based on early Middle Miocene material from Parschlug (Styria, Austria; see Kovar-Eder et al. 2004). Although different from U. carpinoides by its dentition (simple rather than compound), U. plurinervia may actually represent small and more simply built leaves of the former fossil-species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FBAF45EF88C598089B0772B5EA94136	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
5637E66D38DB5E61BE91E98B8FEEFC6E.text	5637E66D38DB5E61BE91E98B8FEEFC6E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zingiberites borealis Heer 1859	<div><p>Zingiberites borealis Heer, 1859</p><p>Fig. 3 A, B</p><p>Zingiberites borealis Heer Fl. Tert. Helv., 3 (7): 308. 9 December 1859.</p><p>Musophyllum styriacum von Ettingshausen . Foss. Fl. Schoenegg 23 [83]. 20 June 1890.</p><p>Material.</p><p>UMJ 79175, UMJ 79176, UMJ 79177, UMJ 79462, UMJ 79463, UMJ 79505, UMJ 79572, UMJ 79574, UMJ 79793, UMJ 79795.</p><p>Description.</p><p>Leaf simple, sessile (growing from a sheath), midrib thick close to leaf base, becoming thinner towards apex, lamina length&gt; 17 cm, width&gt; 10 cm, many parallel lateral veins departing from midrib at steep angle, lateral veins of two orders (Fig. 3 B), lateral veins connected by minute veinlets running perpendicular between two lateral veins.</p><p>Discussion.</p><p>The present material is perhaps conspecific with the coeval Musophyllum tarkanyense Bubik (Kubát and Bubik 1955) from Felsőtárkány, northern Hungary.</p><p>Monocots with similar leaves and with possible affinities to Zingiberales or Alismatales occurred infrequently during various times and at different places during the Cenozoic (e. g., Heer 1869; Wilde 1989).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5637E66D38DB5E61BE91E98B8FEEFC6E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Denk, Thomas;Bouchal, Johannes M.;Dirr, Lukas;Nickel, Simon;Gross, Martin	Denk, Thomas, Bouchal, Johannes M., Dirr, Lukas, Nickel, Simon, Gross, Martin (2026): The late Middle Miocene (late Sarmatian) flora of Graz-Andritz (Austria): Environmental, climatic, and biogeographic patterns. Fossil Record 29 (1): 333-372, DOI: 10.3897/fr.29.187793
