taxonID	type	description	language	source
126F87D1FF8DFFB0FF261BE7FDC96590.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — TÜRKİYE. Eskişehir: Sivrihisar, Buhara village, 39 ° 12 ′ 33.4 ″ N 31 ° 31 ′ 30.6 ″ E, 850 – 900 m elev., dry and sandy stream beds of gypsum and marly steppe, 17 July 2024, Z. Aytaç 11318 & E. Manav (holotype: GAZI, isotypes: ANK, HUB, NGBB).	en	Ertuğrul, Tuğba, Aytaç, Zeki, Fişne, Ahter (2025): Asyneuma corymbosum (Campanulaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia. Phytotaxa 730 (3): 285-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6
126F87D1FF8DFFB0FF261BE7FDC96590.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Asyneuma corymbosum is close to A. rigidum s. l., but is distinguished by its stem distinctly scabrous, branched above (versus papillose or scabrous-pubescent, longer pubescent-ribbonlike at base, usually simple); inflorescence corymbose (versus racemespicate); pedicels 1 – 5 mm long, usually 1 - flowered (rarely 2 - flowered) (versus subsessile, flowers solitary or in clusters of 2 – 4); longer calyx and corolla (respectively 4 – 5 mm and 10 – 15 mm long, versus 3 – 4 mm and 7 – 10 mm).	en	Ertuğrul, Tuğba, Aytaç, Zeki, Fişne, Ahter (2025): Asyneuma corymbosum (Campanulaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia. Phytotaxa 730 (3): 285-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6
126F87D1FF8DFFB0FF261BE7FDC96590.taxon	description	Description: — Perennial, 30 – 50 cm high, erect, branched above, scabrous. Lower leaves not crowded at base and deciduous, lanceolate, 20 – 35 × 4 – 6 mm, sessile, serrate; middle cauline leaves similar to lower leaves but gradually smaller; upper cauline leaves lanceolate, 10 × 2 – 3 mm. Inflorescence corymbose. Bracts lanceolate, 2 – 3 mm long. Flowers pedicellate, pedicels 1 – 5 mm long, usually single (rarely two). Calyx 8 – 10 mm long, scabrid; calyx lobes 2 – 4 mm long, lanceolate, shortly acuminate, erect. Corolla dark blue, 10 – 15 mm long; lobes 4 – 5 mm long, lanceolate, acute, scabrid outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 5 – 6 mm long, filaments hispidulous and flattened at base; anthers sagittate at base, 3 mm long. Style 10 – 17 mm long, equalling corolla to shortly exerted, filiform; stigma oblong, glandular-punctate with 3 lobes. Capsule oblong, ribbed, scabrous, 4 – 5 × 2.5 – 3.5 mm, opening by 3 apical pores; pores oblong, 2 × 1 mm. Seeds oblong-elliptic, light brown, shiny, 1.62 – 1.8 × 0.8 – 1 mm, striate (Fig. 1, 2, 4). Pollen and seed morphology: — The pollen grains of A. corymbosum and A. rigidum subsp. rigidum are symmetrical and tetraporate. The pollen shape of A. corymbosum is spheroidal (P / E: 1.00), whereas the pollen shape of A. rigidum is oblate-spheroidal (P / E: 0.96). The polar axis of the pollen grains ranges from 27.3 to 37.6 µm, while the equatorial axis varies between 25.9 and 38.6 µm. The pores are circular, with pore diameters ranging from 4.20 to 6.30 µm. The pore is prominent in A. corymbosum, whereas is sunken in A. rigidum subsp. rigidum. The distance between two pores was measured as 14.90 ± 1.13 µm in A. corymbosum, and 10.85 ± 2.18 µm in A. rigidum subsp. rigidum. Exine thickness is 0.90 ± 1.52; exine ornamentation is microechinate-rugulate in both taxa (Fig. 5). In all cases, the length of the spinules ranges from 0.71 to 1.29 µm, and their base width ranges from 0.51 to 1.12 µm. In A. corymbosum, there are 35 spinules per 2 µm 2, while in A. rigidum subsp. rigidum, there is 16 spinules. Distance between two spinules ranges from 0.7 – 2.87 µm. Detailed pollen morphological characters of A. corymbosum and A. rigidum subsp. rigidum are shown in Table 2. Seeds of A. corymbosum are oblong-elliptic, 1.62 – 1.8 × 0.8 – 1 mm with a striate testa. The seeds of A. rigidum subsp. rigidum (2 – 2.22 × 0.8 – 1 mm) are bigger than A. corymbosum (Fig. 6). Phenology: — Flowering and fruiting in July – August.	en	Ertuğrul, Tuğba, Aytaç, Zeki, Fişne, Ahter (2025): Asyneuma corymbosum (Campanulaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia. Phytotaxa 730 (3): 285-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6
126F87D1FF8DFFB0FF261BE7FDC96590.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Asyneuma corymbosum is currently known only from Sivrihisar (Eskişehir) province (Fig. 7). It grows on gypsum steppe, sandy stream bed at 850 – 900 m with Alyssum niveum Dudley (1964: 78), Alyssum condensatum Boiss. & Hausskn. (in Boissier 1867: 268), Onobrychis paucijuga Bornmüller (1906: 131) (end), Acantholimon riyatguelii Yıldırım (2014: 74) (end), Cephalaria aytachii Göktürk & Sümbül (2003: 123) (end), Scutellaria yildirimlii Çiçek & Yaprak (2013: 53) (end), Sideritis gulendamii H. Duman & Karavel. (in Duman et al. 1995: 221) (end), Scabiosa pseudograminifolia Huber-Morath (1963: 197) (end), Asparagus officinalis Linnaeus (1753: 313), Carduus nutans Linnaeus (1753: 821) sensu lato., Centaurea goerkii Yıldırımlı (2018: 1) (end), Matthiola anchoniifolia Huber-Morath (1963: 194) (end), among others. Conservation status: — A single population of the new species is currently known, which is estimated to count less than 1000 individuals. Its area of occupancy (AOO) is 4 km 2. Grazing is the main pressure on the new species, and it is expected to lead to a continuous decline in the number of mature individuals and habitat quality. Therefore, based on the IUCN criteria (IUCN 2022), A. corymbosum has been assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) under criterion B 2 ab (iii, v).	en	Ertuğrul, Tuğba, Aytaç, Zeki, Fişne, Ahter (2025): Asyneuma corymbosum (Campanulaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia. Phytotaxa 730 (3): 285-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6
126F87D1FF8DFFB0FF261BE7FDC96590.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — This species was named following its corymbose inflorescence. The proposed Turkish name is “ Eskişehir değneği ” (Menemen et al. 2016).	en	Ertuğrul, Tuğba, Aytaç, Zeki, Fişne, Ahter (2025): Asyneuma corymbosum (Campanulaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia. Phytotaxa 730 (3): 285-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6
126F87D1FF8BFFBEFF261918FA1A6164.taxon	discussion	The following key for identification of Asyneuma species occurring in Türkiye is adapted from Damboldt (1978):	en	Ertuğrul, Tuğba, Aytaç, Zeki, Fişne, Ahter (2025): Asyneuma corymbosum (Campanulaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia. Phytotaxa 730 (3): 285-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6
