identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
126F87D1FF8DFFB0FF261BE7FDC96590.text	126F87D1FF8DFFB0FF261BE7FDC96590.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Asyneuma corymbosum Aytac & T. Ertugrul 2025	<div><p>Asyneuma corymbosum Aytaç &amp; T. Ertuğrul sp. nov. (Fig. 1–2)</p><p>Type: — TÜRKİYE. Eskişehir: Sivrihisar, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=31.525166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=39.20928" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 31.525166/lat 39.20928)">Buhara village</a>, 39°12′33.4″N 31°31′30.6″E, 850–900 m elev., dry and sandy stream beds of gypsum and marly steppe, 17 July 2024, Z. Aytaç 11318 &amp; E. Manav (holotype: GAZI, isotypes: ANK, HUB, NGBB) .</p><p>Diagnosis: — Asyneuma corymbosum is close to A. rigidum s.l., but is distinguished by its stem distinctly scabrous, branched above (versus papillose or scabrous-pubescent, longer pubescent-ribbonlike at base, usually simple); inflorescence corymbose (versus racemespicate); pedicels 1–5 mm long, usually 1-flowered (rarely 2-flowered) (versus subsessile, flowers solitary or in clusters of 2–4); longer calyx and corolla (respectively 4–5 mm and 10–15 mm long, versus 3–4 mm and 7–10 mm).</p><p>Description: —Perennial, 30–50 cm high, erect, branched above, scabrous. Lower leaves not crowded at base and deciduous, lanceolate, 20–35 × 4–6 mm, sessile, serrate; middle cauline leaves similar to lower leaves but gradually smaller; upper cauline leaves lanceolate, 10 × 2–3 mm. Inflorescence corymbose. Bracts lanceolate, 2–3 mm long. Flowers pedicellate, pedicels 1–5 mm long, usually single (rarely two). Calyx 8–10 mm long, scabrid; calyx lobes 2–4 mm long, lanceolate, shortly acuminate, erect. Corolla dark blue, 10–15 mm long; lobes 4–5 mm long, lanceolate, acute, scabrid outside, glabrous inside. Stamens 5–6 mm long, filaments hispidulous and flattened at base; anthers sagittate at base, 3 mm long. Style 10–17 mm long, equalling corolla to shortly exerted, filiform; stigma oblong, glandular-punctate with 3 lobes. Capsule oblong, ribbed, scabrous, 4–5 × 2.5–3.5 mm, opening by 3 apical pores; pores oblong, 2 × 1 mm. Seeds oblong-elliptic, light brown, shiny, 1.62–1.8 × 0.8–1 mm, striate (Fig. 1, 2, 4).</p><p>Pollen and seed morphology: —The pollen grains of A. corymbosum and A. rigidum subsp. rigidum are symmetrical and tetraporate. The pollen shape of A. corymbosum is spheroidal (P/E:1.00), whereas the pollen shape of A. rigidum is oblate-spheroidal (P/E:0.96). The polar axis of the pollen grains ranges from 27.3 to 37.6 µm, while the equatorial axis varies between 25.9 and 38.6 µm. The pores are circular, with pore diameters ranging from 4.20 to 6.30 µm. The pore is prominent in A. corymbosum, whereas is sunken in A. rigidum subsp. rigidum . The distance between two pores was measured as 14.90 ± 1.13 µm in A. corymbosum, and 10.85 ± 2.18 µm in A. rigidum subsp. rigidum . Exine thickness is 0.90 ± 1.52; exine ornamentation is microechinate-rugulate in both taxa (Fig. 5). In all cases, the length of the spinules ranges from 0.71 to 1.29 µm, and their base width ranges from 0.51 to 1.12 µm. In A. corymbosum, there are 35 spinules per 2 µm 2, while in A. rigidum subsp. rigidum, there is 16 spinules. Distance between two spinules ranges from 0.7–2.87 µm. Detailed pollen morphological characters of A. corymbosum and A. rigidum subsp. rigidum are shown in Table 2.</p><p>Seeds of A. corymbosum are oblong-elliptic, 1.62–1.8 × 0.8–1 mm with a striate testa. The seeds of A. rigidum subsp. rigidum (2–2.22 × 0.8–1 mm) are bigger than A. corymbosum (Fig. 6).</p><p>Phenology: —Flowering and fruiting in July–August.</p><p>Distribution and habitat: — Asyneuma corymbosum is currently known only from Sivrihisar (Eskişehir) province (Fig. 7). It grows on gypsum steppe, sandy stream bed at 850–900 m with Alyssum niveum Dudley (1964: 78), Alyssum condensatum Boiss. &amp; Hausskn. (in Boissier 1867: 268), Onobrychis paucijuga Bornmüller (1906: 131) (end), Acantholimon riyatguelii Yıldırım (2014: 74) (end), Cephalaria aytachii Göktürk &amp; Sümbül (2003: 123) (end), Scutellaria yildirimlii Çiçek &amp; Yaprak (2013: 53) (end), Sideritis gulendamii H.Duman &amp; Karavel. (in Duman et al. 1995: 221) (end), Scabiosa pseudograminifolia Huber-Morath (1963: 197) (end), Asparagus officinalis Linnaeus (1753: 313), Carduus nutans Linnaeus (1753: 821) sensu lato ., Centaurea goerkii Yıldırımlı (2018: 1) (end), Matthiola anchoniifolia Huber-Morath (1963: 194) (end), among others.</p><p>Conservation status: —A single population of the new species is currently known, which is estimated to count less than 1000 individuals. Its area of occupancy (AOO) is 4 km 2. Grazing is the main pressure on the new species, and it is expected to lead to a continuous decline in the number of mature individuals and habitat quality. Therefore, based on the IUCN criteria (IUCN 2022), A. corymbosum has been assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) under criterion B2ab(iii,v).</p><p>Etymology: —This species was named following its corymbose inflorescence. The proposed Turkish name is “ Eskişehir değneği” (Menemen et al. 2016).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/126F87D1FF8DFFB0FF261BE7FDC96590	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ertuğrul, Tuğba;Aytaç, Zeki;Fişne, Ahter	Ertuğrul, Tuğba, Aytaç, Zeki, Fişne, Ahter (2025): Asyneuma corymbosum (Campanulaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia. Phytotaxa 730 (3): 285-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6
126F87D1FF8BFFBEFF261918FA1A6164.text	126F87D1FF8BFFBEFF261918FA1A6164.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Asyneuma Grisebach & Schenk 1852	<div><p>Identification key</p><p>The following key for identification of Asyneuma species occurring in Türkiye is adapted from Damboldt (1978):</p><p>1. Stems more than (10–)20 cm; plant not forming ± dense cushions</p><p>2. Stems without basal leaf rosette, ± regularly leafy or cauline leaves crowded in lower part</p><p>3. Capsule opening with apical pores</p><p>4. Inflorescence racemose-spicate; flowers subsessile............................................................................................................ A. rigidum</p><p>4. Inflorescence corymbose; flower pedicels 1–5 mm ...................................................................................... A. corymbosum sp. nov.</p><p>3. Capsule opening with median pores................................... A. amplexicaule, A. michauxioides, A. linifolium, A. filipes, A. eximium</p><p>2. Stems with basal leaf rosette (in older plants often only remnants of leaf bases; cauline leaves rather few, crowded in lower part .. ........................................................................................................................................ A. pulcheIlum, A. giganteum, A. isauricum, A. lobelioides, A. davisianum, A. virgatum, A. limonifolium, A. yildizianum, A. ozudogrui, A. ilgazense, A. munzurdaghense</p><p>1. Stems 2–15(–30) cm; plant ± densely pulvinate .................................................................................................................................. ....... A. pulvinatum, A. filipes, A. linifolium, A. compactum, A. trichostegium, A. hasandaghense, A. babadaghense, A. ekimianum</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/126F87D1FF8BFFBEFF261918FA1A6164	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Ertuğrul, Tuğba;Aytaç, Zeki;Fişne, Ahter	Ertuğrul, Tuğba, Aytaç, Zeki, Fişne, Ahter (2025): Asyneuma corymbosum (Campanulaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia. Phytotaxa 730 (3): 285-295, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.3.6
