identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
095587F96B71FF9ED3AB191CFEEF942D.text	095587F96B71FF9ED3AB191CFEEF942D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deprea zamorae Barboza & S. Leiva 2013	<div><p>Deprea zamorae Barboza &amp; S. Leiva,  sp. nov. (Fig. 1, 2 A–D, 3, 4).</p><p>Type:—   ECUADOR.  
Zamora–Chinchipe: Límite del PN 
Podocarpus, desvío de la ruta principal en el límite entre Prov. Zamora–Chinchipe/Loja
, a 600 m del desvío, 2750 m, 15 November 2011 (fl, fr), C. I. Orozco, G. Barboza, S. Leiva &amp; A. Orejuela 3926 (holotype COL! ,  isotypes COL!,  CORD 00006744!,  CORD 00006745!,  HAO!,  QCA!).</p><p>Deprea zamorae can be distinguished from other  Deprea species by the purple indumentum and purple color of the young branches and leaves, the narrowly campanulate corolla with the tube as long as or slightly longer than the lobes, and the urceolate orange or reddish orange accrescent calyx with minute teeth that tightly invests the berry.</p><p>Shrubs (0.5–) 1.5–3 m high, much branched; older stems green, terete, hollow, glabrous, longitudinally ridged, 2–2.3 cm diameter at the base; young stems green with purple nodes, densely covered by simple nonglandular transparent trichomes, the trichomes intense purple at the tips of the branches; sympodial units unifoliate. Leaves alternate and in branch forks; blades (5–)7–8(–9.5) cm long, 3–5 cm wide, elliptic, slightly fleshy, dark green with purple–lilac colored veins beneath, densely pubescent on both surfaces, mainly on the abaxial surface, with patent simple or occasionally branched trichomes on the veins, the margin entire, repand, the apex acuminate, the base attenuate and unequal; petioles 1–1.5 cm long, purple with transparent patent indumentum. Secondary veins 6–8 pairs, impressed on the adaxial surface and prominent on the abaxial surface, forming a strong reticulum with other minor veins. Inflorescence axillary, usually 2 or 3(–5) - flowered, the flowers opening asynchronously; flowering pedicels pendent, widening slightly distally, 11–17 mm long, densely pubescent, the hairs transparent or purple and patent; buds ovoid, purplish green. Calyx intensely purple, cup-shaped, 3.2–5 mm long, densely with long uniseriate, glandular trichomes and purple non-glandular trichomes, glabrous inside, the main veins prominent, shortly 5-toothed, the teeth triangular, mostly obtuse, greenish inside, unequal, 0.3–0.6 mm long, 0.3–0.5 mm wide; tube 2.8–3.5 mm long. Corolla almost entirely purple and yellowish cream proximally, narrowly campanulate, (10–) 13–14.5 mm long; lobes as long as or slightly shorter than the tube, ca. (5–) 7.5–8 mm long, 3–3.7 mm wide, triangular, slightly reflexed, purple on both surfaces, with glandular and non-glandular trichomes on both surfaces and on margins; tube swollen, 5–6.5 mm long, 5–6.1 mm wide, with a ring of relatively short non-glandular trichomes half way to the base inside and with the same tube indumentum outside. Filaments cream basally and purple distally, glabrous, equal or subequal, (3–) 3.9–4.5 mm; anthers exserted, oblong, purple, ca. (2–) 2.5–2.7 mm long, 1.9–2 mm wide, the connective cream; filament base expansion cream, 1.5–2 mm long. Ovary glaucous, pyriform, slightly 5-angled, ca. 1.5–1.8 mm long, 1.5–1.7 mm wide, the nectary yellowish cream, inconspicuous; style exerted, cream or sometimes lilac, glabrous, 5.3–6.6 mm, widening distally; stigma dark green, capitate, somewhat bilobed, 0.8–1 mm diameter. Berry ovoid or slightly globose, flattened at the apex, (8–) 10–11 mm long, 9–11(–13) mm diameter, orange or reddish orange at maturity; stone cells 12–15 per fruit, yellowish white; fruiting pedicels pendent, the fruiting calyx accrescent, urceolate, orange or reddish orange, tightly enveloping the berry up to the apex, slightly 5–10-costate. Seeds 75–80 per fruit, ovoid to reniform, compressed, yellowish brown, 1.5–1.7 mm long, 1.5–1.6 mm wide; testa reticulate.</p><p>Etymology:—The name refers to the distribution of the species in southern Ecuador in Zamora-Chinchipe Province.</p><p>Phenology:— Flowering and fruiting from April to November.</p><p>Distribution and Habitat:—Endemic to southern Ecuador (Prov. Loja and Zamora–Chinchipe, Fig. 3) between 2200–2900 m in fragments of primary wet montane forests. It grows in black, clayey, and rich soils in association with  Baccharis (Asteraceae),  Brachyotum (Melastomataceae),  Rubus (Rosaceae),  Weinmannia (Cunoniaceae),  Puya (Bromeliaceae),  Chusquea (Poaceae),  Cortaderia (Poaceae), among others. It is usually found along roadsides and on steep slopes.</p><p>Conservation Status:—The conservation status of this species would be vulnerable (VU) under criteria B2 (a, b), known at 7 locations and the extent of occurrence below 2,000 km 2 (IUCN Red List Criteria 2012).</p><p>Anatomical observations:—  Deprea zamorae has purple and whitish cream simple glandular and verrucose simple and branched non–glandular trichomes. Long simple eglandular trichomes cover the vegetative organs, pedicels, calyx, and corolla; they consist of (2–)4–9 elongate cells, the distal cell acute (Fig. 4 A). Branched trichomes are very rare on mature stems and leaves; they appear occasionally in young leaves and inside the corolla (Fig. 4B). Papillae (Fig. 4C) and very short trichomes, some of them branched, are present on the calyx and apex and margins of the corolla lobes while trichomes of 3–8 rectangular to isodiametric cells, the distal one obtuse, cover the basal ½ length of the corolla tube interior (Fig. 4D). Glandular trichomes can be short or long; the former have a unicellular stalk and a globose multicellular head (Fig. 4E). These are common on both leaf surfaces and on the adaxial calyx surface, and less frequent on the corolla. The second type of glandular trichome has a 3–5-celled stalk and a unicellular oblong head (Fig. 4F); these occur on most of the outer corolla surface and sometimes also on the calyx and pedicels.</p><p>Pollen grains are small sized (polar diameter 23.012 ± 0.846 µm), spheroidal in outline in hydrated condition, and tricolporate (Fig. 4G). The pollen surface is irregular (Fig. 4G, I). The exine ornamentation is sparsely microechinate (7.643 ± 0.802 microechini per µm 2), and the aperture membrane is granular (Fig. 4G, I).</p><p>Seeds are ovoid to reniform, compressed, 2.8 ± 0.2 mm long × 2.5 ± 0.2 mm wide (Fig. 4H). Seed coat sculpture is reticulate (Fig. 4H). The cells are polygonal with almost straight lateral walls in the seed margin, and irregular in shape with sinuate lateral walls in the center of the seed (Fig. 4H, J). All the cell walls, except for the outer periclinal walls, are papillate (Fig. 4J, K); pits are present mainly at the base of the anticlinal cell walls (Fig. 4K).</p><p>Additional specimens examined: —   ECUADOR. Loja:  immediately W of the pass between Loja and Zamora, 2800 m, 24 September 1967 (fl, fr), Sparre 18939 * (S).   Zamora–Chinchipe: at pass between Loja and Zamora and along trail toward Zamora, 2360–2800 m, 29 July 1982 (fl, fr), Clemants et al. 2257 * (QCA, QCNE, NY); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.056114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.056114/lat -3.9866667)">a 500 m de desvío de la ruta principal Loja–Zamora, en el límite entre Prov. Zamora–Chinchipe/ Loja</a>, 2252 m, 79º03’22”W, 3º59’12”S, 16 July 2012 (fl, fr), Deanna &amp; Leiva 9 (CORD); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.056114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.056114/lat -3.9866667)">road Loja–Zamora, km 17</a>, 2400 m, 79º08’W, 3º59’S, 16 April 1973 (fl, fr), Holm-Nielsen et al. 3549 * (AAU, F, MO, NY, S, U); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.056114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.056114/lat -3.9866667)">límite entre Loja–Zamora–Chinchipe</a>, 2768–2790 m, 79º08’30,7”W, 3º59’10,4”S, 15 November 2011 (fl, fr), Leiva et al. 5256 (HAO); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.056114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.056114/lat -3.9866667)">Parque Nacional 
Podocarpus, new road Loja–Zamora, E of Cerro Yanacocha</a>, 2550– 2650 m, 79º07’’W, 3º59’S, 26 November 1988 (fr), Madsen 75571 (QCA); <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-79.056114&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-3.9866667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -79.056114/lat -3.9866667)">Parque Nacional 
Podocarpus, around pass on road Loja–Zamora</a>, 2750–2950 m, 79º07’W, 3º58’S, 23 May 1988 (fl, fr), Øllgaard et al. 74394 * (QCA)  .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/095587F96B71FF9ED3AB191CFEEF942D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Barboza, Gloria E.;González, Segundo Leiva;García, Carolina Carrizo;Orozco, Clara Inés	Barboza, Gloria E., González, Segundo Leiva, García, Carolina Carrizo, Orozco, Clara Inés (2013): Deprea zamorae (Physalideae, Solanoideae, Solanaceae): a new species from southern Ecuador. Phytotaxa 116 (2): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.116.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.116.2.1
095587F96B78FF91D3AB1CC8FA3C9349.text	095587F96B78FF91D3AB1CC8FA3C9349.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Deprea Rafinesque 1838	<div><p>Identification  Key</p><p>Based on field observations and examinations of recent herbarium collections, we provide a new key to  Deprea species with additional previously unpublished characters.</p><p>1. Corolla urceolate, orange, 9.5–11 mm, the lobes very short, ca. 0.6 mm long. Fruits ellipsoidal. Low shrubs ca. 0.30 m tall. Paramo. Southern Ecuador and northern Peru ........................................................  D. ecuatoriana (Fig. 2F, 3)</p><p>- Corolla clearly funnel-shaped or narrowly campanulate, never orange, (7–) 9–23 mm, the lobes relatively long, 1.5– 8 mm long. Fruits subglobose or ovoid. Shrubs 0.5–5 m tall. Montane cloud forests in South America ................... 2</p><p>2. Corolla narrowly campanulate, purple ......................................................................................................................... 3</p><p>- Corolla funnel-shaped, violet, lilac, yellowish cream or creamy white ..................................................................... 4</p><p>3. Calyx teeth 0.3–0.6 mm long. Corolla tube as long as or slightly longer than the lobes. Fruiting pedicels pendent, the fruiting calyx orange or reddish orange, urceolate, not invaginated at the base, slightly 5–10-costate and tightly enveloping the berry. Southern Ecuador. ............................................................................  D. zamorae (Fig. 2 A-D, 3)</p><p>- Calyx lobes 1–2.5 mm long. Corolla tube two times longer than the lobes. Fruiting pedicels erect, the fruiting calyx purple, pyriform, invaginated at the base, strongly 5-costate and loosely enveloping the berry. West-Central Colombia .........................................................................................................................................  D. cyanocarpa (Fig. 2E, 3)</p><p>4. Corolla creamy white, glabrous inside. Central Bolivia ..........................................................  D. cardenasiana (Fig. 3)</p><p>- Corolla mostly to entirely violet, lilac or yellowish cream, occasionally yellowish cream with purple traces inside, pubescent inside ........................................................................................................................................................... 5</p><p>5. Pedicels long, 12–20 mm. Filaments 15–20 mm, glabrous. Fruiting calyx not invaginated at the base, tightly enveloping the berry and without conspicuous ribs. Corolla lilac, the lobes 4–5 times shorter than the tube. Plants glabrescent. Northern Colombia ...........................................................................................................  D. nubicola (Fig. 2G, 3)</p><p>- Pedicels relatively short, less than 12 mm. Filaments 4–11 mm, pubescent. Fruiting calyx invaginated or not, loosely enveloping the berry and with 5–10 conspicuous ribs. Corolla violet or yellowish cream (exceptionally yellowish cream with purple), the lobes equal to 1.5–2.5 times shorter than the tube. Plants pubescent ................................. 6</p><p>6. Plants dioecious. Filaments 2–3.1 mm. Berry whitish cream. Fruiting calyx subglobse, not invaginated. Corolla blue–violet. Northwestern Venezuela ...............................................................................................  D. paneroi (Fig. 3)</p><p>- Plants hermaphroditic. Filaments 4.6–10 mm. Berry orange or yellowish orange. Fruiting calyx pyriform, usually invaginated .................................................................................................................................................................... 7</p><p>7. Corolla yellowish cream, exceptionally yellowish cream with purple, 10.5–19 mm. Branched trichomes present on leaf surfaces and margin. Andes from Venezuela to Ecuador .............................................  D. orinocensis (Fig. 2H, 3)</p><p>- Corolla entirely violet, 9–13 mm. Branched trichomes absent on leaf surfaces and margin ...................................... 8</p><p>8. Pedicels 4–6 mm. Calyx 2.5–3 mm. Corolla deep violet, glandular pubescent outside. Anthers 1.1–1.4 mm. Fruiting calyx greenish yellow or cream with violet apices. Andes from Venezuela to Ecuador .........  D. bitteriana (Fig. 2I, 3)</p><p>- Pedicels 3–12(–15) mm. Calyx 4–5 mm. Corolla pale violet, glabrous or glabrescent outside. Anthers 2–2.7 mm. Fruiting calyx white with purple veins. Northern Peru and southern Ecuador .....................  D. cuyacensis (Fig. 2J, 3)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/095587F96B78FF91D3AB1CC8FA3C9349	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Barboza, Gloria E.;González, Segundo Leiva;García, Carolina Carrizo;Orozco, Clara Inés	Barboza, Gloria E., González, Segundo Leiva, García, Carolina Carrizo, Orozco, Clara Inés (2013): Deprea zamorae (Physalideae, Solanoideae, Solanaceae): a new species from southern Ecuador. Phytotaxa 116 (2): 41-50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.116.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.116.2.1
