identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
55E70AE6262C598BA326354A0A2097D5.text	55E70AE6262C598BA326354A0A2097D5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Galloisiana Caudell 1924	<div><p>Genus Galloisiana Caudell, 1924</p><p>Species composition.</p><p>Galloisiana chujoi Gurney, 1961; G. harimensis sp. nov.; G. kawamurai sp. nov.; G. kiyosawai Asahina, 1959; G. kouensis Namkung, 1974; G. nipponensis (Caudell &amp; King, 1924); G. notabilis Silvestri, 1927; G. odaesanensis Kim &amp; Lee, 2007; G. olgae Vrsansky &amp; Storozhenko, 2001; G. sinensis Wang, 1987; G. sofiae Szeptycki, 1987; G. ussuriensis Storozhenko, 1988; G. yuasai Asahina, 1959 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The genus Galloisiana can be distinguished from the genera Grylloblatta Walker, 1914 and Grylloprimevala Zhou &amp; Ren, 2023 by having two teeth on each lacinia, whereas the latter genera have a single tooth on each lacinia. From genera Grylloblattella Storozhenko, 1988, Galloisiana can be distinguished by convex or straight posterior margin of the pronotum, and from Grylloblattina Bey-Bienko, 1951, can be distinguished by not having macrosetae on the inner margin of the cervical sclerite. From genera Grylloblattella and Arctigalloisiana, Galloisiana can be distinguished by having well-developed tarsal pulvillus. Also, Galloisiana has macrosetae on the cervical sclerite whereas Arctigalloisiana has no macrosetae on the cervical sclerite. Genus Namkungia is most close to Galloisiana but the latter can be distinguished by twelve cercomeres from the former is seven-eleven cercomeres.</p><p>Geographical range.</p><p>East Asia.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The genus Namkungia was erected for Namkungia briyongensis (Namkung 1974), formerly placed in Galloisiana (Storozhenko and Park 2002) . Several molecular works have revealed that the establishment of Namkungia resulted in polyphyly of Galloisiana (Schoville and Kim 2011; Schoville 2014; Nakahama et al. 2023). Reconsideration of the genera Galloisiana and Namkungia is necessary on the basis of both morphology and molecular phylogeny.</p><p>Recently, a monotypic genus Grylloprimevala was established based on three males, and this genus is close to Galloisiana clade (Zhou et al. 2023). However, the male genitalia illustrated in the original figures appear to be poorly developed and possibly immature. Although it remains unclear whether all examined males are immature, further morphological clarification, including the discovery and characterization of females, is required.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/55E70AE6262C598BA326354A0A2097D5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Nakahama, Naoyuki;Yamasaki, Takeshi	Nakahama, Naoyuki, Yamasaki, Takeshi (2026): Two new species of Galloisiana Caudell, 1924 (Insecta, Grylloblattodea) from Western Honshu Island, Japan. Subterranean Biology 56: 195-216, DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.56.194481
5C7E414553E45565A735663DD46BADC6.text	5C7E414553E45565A735663DD46BADC6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Galloisiana harimensis Nakahama & Yamasaki 2026	<div><p>Galloisiana harimensis sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 2, 3, 8 A, B</p><p>Galloisiana sp. 5 in Fig. 1.</p><p>Galloisiana sp. 5: Nakahama and Uchifune 2016, 169, fig. 02–10, 02–11.</p><p>Japanese name.</p><p>Harima-Garoa-mushi.</p><p>Type material.</p><p>• Holotype male (MNHAH B 2-595378), Funakoshi, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo Pref., 6. XII. 2022, T. Yamasaki leg. Paratypes: • 2 females (MNHAH B 2-595376, B 2-595377), same locality and date as in holotype, N. Nakahama leg.; • 1 male (MNHAH B 2-595385), same locality, 10. XII. 2025, H. Osaki leg.; • 2 females (MNHAH B 2-595386, MNHAH B 2-595387), same locality, N. Nakahama leg.; • 1 male (004 MNHAH B 2-595386), • 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595393, MNHAH B 2-595394, MNHAH B 2-595389), • 1 juvenile (MNHAH, no registration), same locality, 8. XII. 2018 – 13. III. 2019, by bait trap, R. Wakimura leg.; • 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595395), • 1 juvenile (MNHAH, no registration), same loc., 1. IV. 2018 – 16. VII. 2018, by bait trap, R. Wakimura leg.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The presence of compound eyes readily distinguishes G. harimensis sp. nov. from the following three species, all of which lack compound eyes: G. chujoi, G. notabilis, and G. ussuriensis . Based on the Ant 3 L / Ant 2 L ratio, G. harimensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from G. kiyosawai, G. kouensis, G. olgae, and G. sofiae, all of which have values of 3.0 or more, because the value in G. harimensis sp. nov. does not exceed 3.0 (male: 2.00–2.40; female: 1.79–2.81). Galloisiana harimensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from G. sinensis by the shape of the posterior margin of the pronotum, which is convex in the former but concave in the latter. In addition, G. harimensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from G. odaesanensis by having more than 40 antennomeres in the former (when not damaged) and fewer than 40 in the latter.</p><p>In general appearance, Galloisiana harimensis sp. nov. is close to G. nipponensis, but the new species can be distinguished from the latter by the following characteristics; each cervical sclerite with four to six macrosetae in G. harimensis sp. nov., while with six to nine macrosetae in G. nipponensis (male, Fig. 2 C vs. Fig. 6 C; female, Fig. 3 C vs. Fig. 7 C). In male, sclerotized apical surface of left phallomere with a distinct bump, while without bump in G. nipponensis (Figs 2 E, 8 C vs. Figs 6 E, 8 E). For differences between G. harimensis sp. nov. and G. kawamurai sp. nov., see Diagnosis in G. kawamurai sp. nov.</p><p>Measurements</p><p>(2 males / 3 females). Head width 3.40–3.70 / 4.00 – 4.60. Eye length 0.41–0.42 / 0.38 – 0.50; width 0.18–0.20 / 0.18 – 0.26. Interorbital distance 2.93–3.20 / 3.95. Antennomere length I, 0.53–0.60 / 0.58 – 0.65; II, 0.25 / 0.26–0.30; III, 0.50–0.60 / 0.50 – 0.73. Maxillary palpomere III, 0.67–0.81 / 0.75 – 0.81; IV, 0.58–0.73 / 0.62 – 0.75. Pronotum length 3.60–3.90 / 3.95 – 4.45; width 3.35–3.40 / 3.45 – 3.85. Subgenital plate length 0.97–1.02; width 1.37–1.55. Right coxopodite length 0.83–1.03; width 1.25–1.28. Right stylus length 0.70–0.73. Left coxopodite length 1.12–1.33; width 0.85. Left stylus length 0.70–0.76. Ovipositor length dorsal 3.70–4.00; ventral 3.35–3.65.</p><p>Male (Fig. 2 A – C). Antennomere number on right antennae 32 to 42 and on left antennae 41 to 42; third antennomere longer than second one; Ant 3 L / Ant 2 L more than 2.00. Compound eyes well-developed, tinged with black. Interocular distance slightly narrower than pronotum width. Maxillary palpomere IV very slightly shorter than maxillary palpomere III. Pronotum longer than wide; square-shaped with convex anterior and truncated posterior margins. Each cervical sclerite with five macrosetae, sometime with additional fine two setae. Cerci composed of ten cercomeres.</p><p>Genitalia (Figs 2 D – G, 8 A, 8 B). Subgenital plate with long distal process. Right coxopodite with narrow part apically, which is longer than that of left coxopodite; inner margin of right coxopodite weakly concave in proximal half in ventral view; dorsal margin of right coxopodite bearing flatten projection, which is usually hidden between copulatory sclerite and subgenital plate. Left coxopodite with short narrow part apically; inner margin sloping with very weak undulation. Right phallomere weakly sclerotized in entire right surface. Left phallomere mainly membrane, with belt-shaped sclerotized zone running dorsoventrally; distal surface of sclerotized zone with distinct bump. Principal copulatory process well-sclerotized, apically with two wing-like projections.</p><p>Female (Fig. 3 A – C). Antennomere number on right antennae 41 to 43 and on left antennae 42; third antennomere longer than second one; Ant 3 L / Ant 2 L varying 1.79–2.81. Compound eyes well-developed, tinged with black. Interocular distance slightly wider than pronotum width. Maxillary palpomere IV very slightly shorter than maxillary palpomere III. Pronotum longer than wide; square-shaped with convex anterior and truncated posterior margins. Each cervical sclerite with four to six macrosetae, sometime with additional fine one or two setae. Cerci composed of ten or eleven cercomeres.</p><p>Ovipositor (Fig. 3 D). Both dorsal and ventral valves shorter than pronotum, weakly curved.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific name “ harimensis ” refers to “ Harima ” which is the old name for the central-western area of Hyogo Prefecture, Japan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C7E414553E45565A735663DD46BADC6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Nakahama, Naoyuki;Yamasaki, Takeshi	Nakahama, Naoyuki, Yamasaki, Takeshi (2026): Two new species of Galloisiana Caudell, 1924 (Insecta, Grylloblattodea) from Western Honshu Island, Japan. Subterranean Biology 56: 195-216, DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.56.194481
6C836852A55257E98DB675B6EC0C7ADD.text	6C836852A55257E98DB675B6EC0C7ADD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Galloisiana kawamurai Nakahama & Yamasaki 2026	<div><p>Galloisiana kawamurai sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 4, 5, 8 C, D</p><p>Galloisiana. sp. 4 in Fig. 1.</p><p>Japanese name.</p><p>Suzuka-Garoa-mushi.</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>The presence of compound eyes readily distinguishes G. kawamurai sp. nov. from the following three species, all of which lack compound eyes: G. chujoi, G. notabilis, and G. ussuriensis . Based on the Ant 3 L / Ant 2 L ratio, G. kawamurai sp. nov. can be distinguished from G. kiyosawai, G. kouensis, G. olgae, and G. sofiae, all of which have values of 3.0 or more, because the value in G. kawamurai sp. nov. does not exceed 3.0 (male: 2.00–2.28; female: 1.90–2.22). Galloisiana kawamurai sp. nov. can be distinguished from G. sinensis by the shape of the posterior margin of the pronotum, which is convex in the former but concave in the latter. In addition, G. kawamurai sp. nov. can be distinguished from G. odaesanensis by having four macrosetae on the cervical sclerite in the former and six in the latter.</p><p>In general appearance, Galloisiana kawamurai sp. nov. is close to G. nipponensis and G. harimensis sp. nov., but G. kawamurai sp. nov. can be distinguished from the latters by the following characteristics; each cervical sclerite with three or four macrosetae in G. kawamurai sp. nov., while with eight macrosetae in G. nipponensis (male, Fig. 4 C vs. Fig. 6 C; female, Fig. 5 C vs. Fig. 7 C), and four or five macrosetae in G. harimensis sp. nov. (male, Fig. 4 C vs. Fig. 2 C; female, Fig. 5 C. vs. Fig. 3 C). In male, distal process of subgenital plate very short in G. kawamurai sp. nov., while long in G. nipponensis and G. harimensis sp. nov. (Figs 4 D, 8 D vs. Figs 2 D, 6 D, 8 B, 8 F); stylus slender oval in G. kawamurai sp. nov., while slender tube-shaped in G. nipponensis and G. harimensis sp. nov. (Fig. 4 E – G vs. Figs 2 E – G, 6 E – G); distal surface of right phallomere with a weak bump in G. kawamurai sp. nov., while without bump in G. nipponensis (Figs 4 E, 8 C vs. Figs 6 E, 8 E) and with distinct bump in G. harimensis sp. nov. (Figs 4 E, 8 C vs. Figs 2 E, 8 A).</p><p>Type material. •</p><p>Holotype male (MNHAH B 2-595371), 35.207508°N, 136.446975°E, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=136.44698&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.207508" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 136.44698/lat 35.207508)">Shinodachi</a>, Fujiwara-cho, Inabe-shi, Mie Pref., 21. XI. 2021, K. Kawamura leg. Paratypes: • 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595372), same data as in the holotype; • 1 male (MNHAH B 2-595373), same locality, 23. XI. 2021, K. Kawamura leg.; • 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595374), same locality, 23. XI. 2021, K. Kawamura leg.</p><p>Another specimen examined.</p><p>• 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595375), 35.258477°N, 136.368730°E, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=136.36873&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=35.258476" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 136.36873/lat 35.258476)">Kawachi</a>, Taga-cho, Inukami-gun, Shiga Pref.</p><p>Measurements</p><p>(2 males / 3 females). Head width 3.10–3.35 / 3.15 – 3.75. Eye length 0.31–0.37 / 0.35 – 0.46; width 0.17–0.18 / 0.16 – 0.25. Interorbital distance 2.73–3.05 / 2.70 – 3.35. Antennomere length I, 0.52 / 0.46–0.56; II, 0.18–0.21 / 0.18 – 0.25; III, 0.41–0.42 / 0.38 – 0.43. Maxillary palpomere III, 0.62–0.68 / 0.61 – 0.73; IV, 0.51–0.62 / 0.56 – 0.70. Pronotum length 3.50–3.75 / 3.10 – 4.00; width 2.85–3.25 / 2.65 – 3.30. Subgenital plate length 0.72–0.77; width 1.25–1.40. Right coxopodite length 0.96–1.05; width 0.76–0.80. Right stylus length 0.58–0.60. Left coxopodite length 0.83–0.90; width 1.05–1.20. Left stylus length 0.58–0.60. Ovipositor length dorsal 3.35–3.75; ventral 2.85–3.30.</p><p>Male (Fig. 4 A – C). Antennomere number on right antennae 35 to 37 and on left antennae 36 to 37; third antennomere longer than second one; Ant 3 L / Ant 2 L more than 2.00. Compound eyes well-developed, tinged with black. Interocular distance slightly narrower than pronotum width. Maxillary palpomere IV very slightly shorter than maxillary palpomere III. Pronotum longer than wide; square-shaped with convex anterior and truncated posterior margins. Each cervical sclerite with three or four macrosetae, sometime with additional fine one seta. Cerci composed of ten cercomeres.</p><p>Genitalia (Fig. 4 D – G). Subgenital plate with short distal process. Right coxopodite with narrow part apically, which is longer than that of left coxopodite; inner margin of right coxopodite weakly concave in proximal half in ventral view; dorsal margin of right coxopodite bearing flatten projection, which is usually hidden between copulatory sclerite and subgenital plate. Left coxopodite with short narrow part apically; inner margin sloping with very weak undulation. Right phallomere weakly sclerotized in entire right surface. Left phallomere mainly membrane, with belt-shaped sclerotized zone running dorsoventrally; distal surface of sclerotized zone with weak bump. Principal copulatory process well-sclerotized, apically with two wing-like projections.</p><p>Female (Fig. 5 A – C). Antennomere number on right antennae 36 to 38 and on left antennae 38; third antennomere longer than second one; Ant 3 L / Ant 2 L 1.72–2.11. Compound eyes and pronotum almost same as in male. Maxillary palpomere IV very slightly shorter than maxillary palpomere III. Each cervical sclerite with four macrosetae, sometime with additional fine one seta. Cerci composed of ten cercomeres.</p><p>Ovipositor (Fig. 5 D). Both dorsal and ventral valves shorter than pronotum, weakly curved.</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>The specific name “ kawamurai ” is a patronym honoring Mr. Kohei Kawamura, in recognition of his contribution to the present study.</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The clade of G. kawamurai sp. nov. and G. chujoi is well supported (Fig. 1). Because G. kawamurai sp. nov. has compound eyes, it can be distinguished from G. chujoi . In the original description of G. chujoi, the lengths of maxillary palpomeres III and IV were described as nearly equal (Gurney 1961), and this feature was emphasized as a diagnostic character separating the species from G. notabilis, which also lacks compound eyes (Nakahama and Uchifune 2016). In the present study, maxillary palpomere IV is very slightly shorter than III in G. kawamurai sp. nov. However, as Gurney (1961) did not provide measurements of maxillary palpomeres, a direct comparison between G. kawamurai sp. nov. and G. chujoi is not possible.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/6C836852A55257E98DB675B6EC0C7ADD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Nakahama, Naoyuki;Yamasaki, Takeshi	Nakahama, Naoyuki, Yamasaki, Takeshi (2026): Two new species of Galloisiana Caudell, 1924 (Insecta, Grylloblattodea) from Western Honshu Island, Japan. Subterranean Biology 56: 195-216, DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.56.194481
440E6EDCAADC568C8D460EDAE03A695D.text	440E6EDCAADC568C8D460EDAE03A695D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Galloisiana nipponensis (Caudell & King 1924)	<div><p>Galloisiana nipponensis (Caudell &amp; King, 1924)</p><p>Figs 6, 7, 8 E, F</p><p>Galloisia nipponensis Caudell &amp; King, 1924: 54, figs 1–3.</p><p>Galloisiana nipponensis: Caudell, 1924: 92; Silvestri 1927: 107, figs I (1–13), II (1–8), III (1–4); Kishida 1929: 104; Matsumura 1931: 1373; Asahina and Asahina 1933: 630; Walker 1937: 9; Gurney 1937: 160, figs 2–6; Gurney 1948: 95, figs 1–2, 5–7; Asahina 1959: 250, fig. 1 a – d; Gurney 1961: 74; Fukushima 1969: 16, figs A 1–3; Pravdin and Strozhenko 1977: 356; Nagashima 1982: 52; Yamasaki 1982: 333; Nakahama and Uchifune 2016, 168, figs 01–07, 01–08.</p><p>Galloisidea (sic.) nipponensis: Shiraki, 1932: 2038.</p><p>Material examined.</p><p>• 1 male (MNHAH B 2-595382), 36.722512°N, 139.484130°E, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.48413&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.72251" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.48413/lat 36.72251)">southeast side of Chuzenji Lake</a>, Chugushi, Nikko-shi, Tochigi Pref., 6. X. 2024, N. Ogawa leg. ; • 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595381), 36.721266°N, 139.481590°E, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=139.48158&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=36.721268" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 139.48158/lat 36.721268)">southeast side of Chuzenji Lake</a>, Chugushi, Nikko-shi, Tochigi Pref., 5. X. 2024, N. Ogawa leg. ; • 2 juveniles (MNHAH B 2-595379, MNHAH B 2-595380), same loc., A. Noishiki leg.; • 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595392), Nishi-arakawa valley (alt. 500 m), Kamiterashima, Shioya-cho, Tochigi Pref., 21. IX. 2010, N. Ogawa leg. ; • 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595390), Konseizawa, Nikko-shi, Tochigi Pref., 28. IX. 2010, N. Ogawa leg. ; • 1 female (MNHAH B 2-595391), Nikko-shi, Tochigi Pref., 7. X. 2012, O. Tominaga leg.</p><p>Measurements</p><p>(1 male / 3 females). Head width 3.90 / 4.00–4.10. Eye length 0.452 / 0.43–0.48; width 0.25 / 0.25–0.30. Interorbital distance 3.55 / 3.50–3.60. Antennomere length I, 0.62 / 0.55–0.65; II, 0.30 / 0.23–0.30; III, 0.62 / 0.52–0.66. Maxillary palpomere III, 0.71 / 0.71–0.81; IV, 0.58 / 0.68–0.72. Pronotum length 4.00 / 3.95–4.25; width 3.55 / 3.50–3.65. Subjenital plate length 1.05; width 1.40. Right coxopodite length 1.37; width 0.95. Right stylus length 0.78. Left coxopodite length 1.02; width 1.25. Left stylus length 0.78. Ovipositor length dorsal 3.90–4.10; ventral 3.35–3.40.</p><p>Male (Fig. 6 A – C). Antennomere number on right antennae 43 and on left antennae 44; third antennomere longer than second one; Ant 3 L / Ant 2 L more than 2.00. Compound eyes well-developed, tinged with black. Maxillary palpomere IV very slightly shorter than maxillary palpomere III. Each cervical sclerite with eight macrosetae. Pronotum longer than wide; square-shaped with convex posterior edge; transverse sulcus at anterior margin convex. Cerci composed of ten cercomeres.</p><p>Genitalia (Fig. 6 D – G). Subgenital plate with long distal process. Right coxopodite with narrow part apically, which is longer than that of left coxopodite; inner margin of right coxopodite weakly concave in proximal half in ventral view; dorsal margin of right coxopodite bearing flatten projection, which is usually hidden between copulatory sclerite and subgenital plate; right stylus long. Left coxopodite with short narrow part apically; inner margin sloping with very weak undulation; right stylus long. Right phallomere weakly sclerotized in entire right surface. Left phallomere mainly membrane, with belt-shaped sclerotized zone running dorsoventrally; distal surface of sclerotized zone without distinct bump. Principal copulatory process well-sclerotized, apically with two wing-like projections.</p><p>Female (Fig. 7 A – C). Antennomere number on right antennae 43 and on left antennae 42 to 43; third antennomere longer than second one; Ant 3 L / Ant 2 L 2.08–2.87. Compound eyes well-developed, tinged with black. Maxillary palpomere IV very slightly shorter than maxillary palpomere III. Pronotum longer than wide; square-shaped with with convex anterior and truncated posterior margins. Each cervical sclerite with six to nine macrosetae, sometime accompany with one or two fine setae. Cerci composed of nine cercomeres.</p><p>Ovipositor (Fig. 7 D). Dorsal valve almost as long as pronotum; ventral valve shorter than pronotum.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/440E6EDCAADC568C8D460EDAE03A695D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Nakahama, Naoyuki;Yamasaki, Takeshi	Nakahama, Naoyuki, Yamasaki, Takeshi (2026): Two new species of Galloisiana Caudell, 1924 (Insecta, Grylloblattodea) from Western Honshu Island, Japan. Subterranean Biology 56: 195-216, DOI: 10.3897/subtbiol.56.194481
