identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
A542E450A6C25D92AD8765ACFBDB40F8.text	A542E450A6C25D92AD8765ACFBDB40F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Landouria flagellolonga Nahok & K. Tanmuangpak 2026	<div><p>Landouria flagellolonga Nahok &amp; K. Tanmuangpak sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 3 B, 7 –9; Table 2</p><p>Landouria sp. 10 — Nahok 2020: 55; figs 24 A, 33; table 3.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Thailand, Sa Kaeo Province, Khlong Hat District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.32529&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=13.414691" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.32529/lat 13.414691)">Phet Pho Thong Cave</a>, 13°24'52.89"N, 102°19'31.03"E, limestone hill, alt. 236 m, 15 Oct. 2017, Benchawan Nahok and Utain Chanlabut leg.</p><p>Type specimens.</p><p>Holotype: ZCPRU -0048 (Fig. 7), SH = 6.80 mm, SW = 9.65 mm. AH = 4.72 mm, AW = 3.60 mm . Paratypes: ZCPRU -0049 30 shells, ZCPRU -0050 (Fig. 3 B), 12 living specimens preserved in ethanol, same collector and locality as holotype, 27 Aug. 2025 .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Shell small, light brown-corneous, sharply keeled. Flagellum very long, epiphallus long and slender; penis long, cylindrical, dilated at its middle part; vagina and free oviduct short. Radula with lanceolate central and lateral teeth.</p><p>Description.</p><p>(empty shells = 31, living specimens = 12) Shell (Fig. 7) dextral, small, conical-lenticular, SH = 5.90 – 7.50 mm (6.70 ± 0.46 mm), SW = 8.20–11.10 mm (9.65 ± 0.84 mm), AH = 3.50–5.30 mm (4.40 ± 0.52 mm), and AW = 3.50–5.00 mm (4.25 ± 0.43 mm), with 6–6.25 slightly convex whorls. Protoconch almost smooth. Teleoconch with irregular wrinkles; incised spiral lines not discernible. Apex obtuse and depressed. Suture shallow. Body whorl sharply keeled. Umbilicus open, relatively wide (occupying c. 1 / 3 of SW). Aperture rounded rhombic; apertural lip reflexed and thickened.</p><p>Genital system (N = 3) (Fig. 8). Atrium short. Dart apparatus and mucous glands absent. Penis twice as long as epiphallus, long, cylindrical, broad in middle and narrows at distal end, internally with five narrow longitudinal pilasters, without a verge (Fig. 8 C, D). Epiphallus divided into two somewhat identical parts; proximal part (ep 1) connected to penis, slightly larger and longer than distal part (ep 2). Penial retractor muscle present. Flagellum very long, without node, tapering towards its distal end, internally with a few fine longitudinal folds (Fig. 8 G, H). Vas deferens thin and long. Vagina approximately 1 / 2 of penis length, internally with six smooth, longitudinal pilasters (Fig. 8 E, F); free oviduct short, regularly cylindrical tube. Gametolytic sac slightly thicker at base, with long, narrow, thin cylindrical tube, and at its distal end, a small, swollen spherical sac. Prostate gland very long. Uterus long and thin.</p><p>Radula (N = 3) (Fig. 9). Comprises 121–125 transverse rows with 53–61 teeth per row, formula: (17–19) + (9–11) + 1 + (9–11) + (17–19). Central tooth usually symmetric, unicuspid, lanceolate (Fig. 9 B). Lateral teeth unicuspid, elongate-lanceolate, oblique, and longer than central teeth (Fig. 9 B). Marginal teeth gradually changing from unicuspid to bicuspid and finally tricuspid (Fig. 9 C – F).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>Specific epithet derived from Latin word longus, meaning “ long ” and referring to the elongated flagellum of this species.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>This species inhabits limestone hills with scattered outcrops, bare ground, and trees in a natural forest.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Landouria flagellolonga sp. nov. is known from the surroundings of limestone hills at Phet Pho Thong Cave, Khlong Hat District, Sa Kaeo Province, eastern Thailand (Fig. 1).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>Landouria flagellolonga sp. nov. differs from other Thai species of Landouria by its genital system, which has the most slender and longest flagellum (Fig. 8).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A542E450A6C25D92AD8765ACFBDB40F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Nahok, Benchawan;Chanlabut, Utain;Tanmuangpak, Kitti	Nahok, Benchawan, Chanlabut, Utain, Tanmuangpak, Kitti (2026): Molecular phylogeny of recognised Thai Landouria species (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1278: 181-200, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1278.172545
DF5ACAC530BE51D5B92AE1C5F92A8C3C.text	DF5ACAC530BE51D5B92AE1C5F92A8C3C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Landouria Godwin-Austen 1918	<div><p>Genus Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918</p><p>Type species.</p><p>Helix huttonii L. Pfeiffer, 1842 (new name for Helix orbicula Hutton &amp; Benson, 1838), by original designation.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Himalaya near Simla, Mahasu, northern India (Hutton and Benson 1838).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/DF5ACAC530BE51D5B92AE1C5F92A8C3C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Nahok, Benchawan;Chanlabut, Utain;Tanmuangpak, Kitti	Nahok, Benchawan, Chanlabut, Utain, Tanmuangpak, Kitti (2026): Molecular phylogeny of recognised Thai Landouria species (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1278: 181-200, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1278.172545
01DF3134816B596EA0196FE21C399EB2.text	01DF3134816B596EA0196FE21C399EB2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Landouria tumpeesuwanorum Nahok & K. Tanmuangpak 2026	<div><p>Landouria tumpeesuwanorum Nahok &amp; K. Tanmuangpak sp. nov.</p><p>Figs 3 A, 4 –6; Table 1</p><p>Landouria sp. 1 — Tanmuangpak and Kaewsawang 2025: 23; figs 2 r, 3 n; Table 1.</p><p>Type locality.</p><p>Thailand, Nong Bua Lamphu Province, Si Bun Rueang District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=102.03167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=17.186668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 102.03167/lat 17.186668)">Pha Sam Yod</a>, 17°11'12.01"N, 102°1'54.00"E, limestone hill, alt. 373 m, 24 Nov. 2021, Kitti Tanmuangpak leg.</p><p>Type specimens.</p><p>Holotype: NHLRU 025 (Fig. 4), SH = 11.24 mm, SW = 18.25 mm. AH = 9.21 mm, AW = 6.41 mm . Paratypes: NHLRU 026, 9 shells, NHLRU 027 (Fig. 3 A), 6 living specimens preserved in ethanol, same collector and locality as holotype .</p><p>Diagnosis.</p><p>Shell large, brownish-corneous, angulated whorls, strongly keeled. Flagellum small with blunt ends; epiphallus cylindrical and abruptly tapering at its distal part; penis swollen at its basal; vagina large and bulged. Radula with triangular central and lateral teeth.</p><p>Description.</p><p>(empty shells = 10, living specimens = 6) Shell (Fig. 4) dextral, large, depressed-conical, SH = 9.32–12.56 mm (10.75 ± 1.11 mm), SW = 16.02–19.51 mm (17.54 ± 1.15 mm), AH = 8.03–9.54 mm (8.60 ± 0.58) and AW = 4.03–6.41 mm (5.30 ± 0.82), with 6–6.75 slightly convex whorls. Protoconch smooth. Teleoconch radially elongated wrinkles. Apex obtuse and depressed. Suture shallow. Body whorl ridged and with a thick, distinctly downwards bent keel. Umbilicus deep and wide (occupying c. 1 / 3 of SW). Aperture slightly tilted from axis of coiling, with weakly thickened and weakly expanding lip.</p><p>Genital system (N = 3) (Fig. 5). Atrium short. Dart apparatus and mucous glands absent. Penis longer than epiphallus, anterior portion a large tube and bulged, and distal end a cylindrical tube and narrowed, internally with nine thick, corrugated longitudinal pilasters; opening of grooved verge (Fig. 5 C, D). Epiphallus connected to distal end of penis, proximal part (ep 1) thickened at base a cylindrical tube, whereas distal part (ep 2) very short and narrow. Penial retractor muscle present and inserted in middle of epiphallus. Flagellum short, cylindrical, small, and blunt apically, internally with 10 corrugated longitudinal pilasters, varying in size (Fig. 5 G, H). Vas deferens a long, slender tube, laterally entering epiphallus. Vagina large and stout, longer than free oviduct, internally with 10 corrugated longitudinal pilasters, varying in size (Fig. 5 E, F). Free oviduct a short and cylindrical tube. Gametolytic sac a long, cylindrical tube, anterior portion bulging and connected to free oviduct, distal end a slender tube, and with small, oval sac at distal end. Spermoviduct longer than vagina; uterus large, with very thin prostate gland adhering to it.</p><p>Radula (N = 3) (Fig. 6). Comprises 118–120 transverse rows with 75–76 teeth per row, formula: (23–25) + (13–15) + 1 + (13–15) + (23–25). Central tooth usually symmetric, unicuspid, triangular (Fig. 6 B). Lateral teeth unicuspid, longer and larger than central teeth (Fig. 6 B). Marginal teeth asymmetrical, gradually changing from bicuspid to finally tricuspid; endocone small; mesocone large, with curved margins; ectocone triangular and located at tooth base (Fig. 6 C – F).</p><p>Etymology.</p><p>In honour of Assoc. Prof. Chanidaporn Tumpeesuwan and Sakboworn Tumpeesuwan, Thai malacologists and our beloved advisor and co-advisor, respectively, who initiated the taxonomic study of Landouria in Thailand and whose inspiration has led to our study of molluscs.</p><p>Habitat.</p><p>This new species lives in limestone hill areas in mixed-deciduous forest.</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>Landouria tumpeesuwanorum sp. nov. is currently known from limestone hills at the boundary between Loei Province and Nong Bua Lamphu Province, northeastern Thailand (Fig. 1).</p><p>Remarks.</p><p>The shell morphology of the new species is similar to L. strobiloides (see Tumpeesuwan and Tumpeesuwan 2019: fig. 3) and L. circinata (see Nahok et al. 2021: fig. 3 A). The shell of L. tumpeesuwanorum sp. nov. is larger, with a thicker keel at the periphery, and consistently brownish-corneous. Landouria strobiloides, however, is characterised by having pale-brown early whorls gradually changing to dark brown on the body whorl, while L. circinata is light brown on the first four whorls and dark brown on the last two whorls.</p><p>The genital anatomy of L. tumpeesuwanorum sp. nov. is quite similar to that of L. chloritoides . The new species slightly differs from L. chloritoides in that its epiphallus is divided into two parts: the proximal part (ep 1) is thick, whereas the distal part (ep 2) is shorter, smaller, and bears a small flagellum with a blunt apex. In contrast, L. chloritoides has a thick epiphallus that is not clearly divided into two parts (ep 2 is very short), and the flagellum is attached to the penial retractor muscle and is elongate-ovate. Regarding shell morphology, L. chloritoides has a stout body whorl that is usually made slightly angular by a blunt peripheral keel, whereas L. tumpeesuwanorum sp. nov. has angulated whorls with a strong keel.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/01DF3134816B596EA0196FE21C399EB2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Pensoft via Plazi	Nahok, Benchawan;Chanlabut, Utain;Tanmuangpak, Kitti	Nahok, Benchawan, Chanlabut, Utain, Tanmuangpak, Kitti (2026): Molecular phylogeny of recognised Thai Landouria species (Gastropoda, Camaenidae), with descriptions of two new species. ZooKeys 1278: 181-200, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1278.172545
