taxonID	type	description	language	source
754CE696A1905BBFA7119201171A4F06.taxon	description	Figures 8, 9	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
754CE696A1905BBFA7119201171A4F06.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Based on the previous description (Grismer et al. 2002; Shi et al. 2011) and examined specimens in this study: (1) SVL 83.6 – 100.1 mm in adult males, 80.0 – 94.6 mm in adult females; (2) external nares bordered by 7 – 9 nasal scales; (3) internasal single; (4) supralabials 7 – 11; (5) infralabials 7 – 9; (6) preorbital scales 14 – 19; (7) supraorbital region with a row of slightly enlarged tubercles; (8) eyelid fringe scales 51 – 67; (9) scales around midbody 85 – 133; (10) longitudinal dorsal tubercle rows at midbody 20 – 25; (11) paravertebral tubercles between limb insertions 23 – 32; (12) axillary pockets deep; (13) presence of 36 – 46 precloacal pores in males form a continuous transverse series extending onto the femora, and absent in females; (14) dorsal ground color of head yellow-brown, body and limbs dark yellow-brown to dark brown in juveniles, without blotches; dorsal ground color of head, body and limbs brownish-yellow in adults, with small irregularly shaped dark brown blotches; (15) presence of five transverse bands, including one nuchal loop, three body bands and one caudal constriction band, orange-yellow to brownish-yellow with black brown anterior and posterior borders, transverse bands usually with dark brown spots in mature individuals; (16) nuchal loop rounded; (17) iris reddish-orange to dark reddish-brown.	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
754CE696A1905BBFA7119201171A4F06.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Goniurosaurus bawanglingensis is an endemic species on Hainan Island, which is currently known from Changjiang Li Autonomous County (National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, Bawangling Area, formerly Bawangling National Natural Reserve; Baomeiling Provincial Natural Reserve), Ledong Li Autonomous County (National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, Jianfengling Area, formerly Jianfengling National Natural Reserve), Danzhou City (Nanfeng town), and Dongfang City (Jiangbian village), Hainan Province, China, at elevations of 400 – 750 m (Huang 1964; Grismer et al. 2002; this study; Fig. 7 A, B).	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
75519DF730C25E1089046CF9565E6DE3.taxon	description	Figures 10 (A 1, A 2, B 1, C 1 – C 3), 11 (A – C), 12	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
75519DF730C25E1089046CF9565E6DE3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Based on the previous description (Grismer 2000; Blair et al. 2009; Zhou et al. 2019; Zhu et al. 2020 b) and examined specimens in this study: (1) SVL 69.5 – 99.7 mm in adult males, 79.7 – 105.7 mm in adult females; (2) external nares bordered by 7 – 10 nasal scales; (3) internasal 0 – 2, mostly single, rarely absent or 2; (4) supralabials 7 – 11; (5) infralabials 6 – 11; (6) preorbital scales 15 – 21; (7) supraorbital region with a row of slightly enlarged tubercles; (8) eyelid fringe scales 47 – 62; (9) scales around midbody 92 – 123; (10) longitudinal dorsal tubercle rows at midbody 20 – 22; (11) paravertebral tubercles between limb insertions 21 – 27; (12) axillary pockets shallow or deep; (13) presence of 23 – 31 precloacal pores in males, form a continuous transverse series extending onto the femora; precloacal pores in females absent; (14) dorsal ground color of head, body and limbs dark purple-brown to almost black in juveniles without blotches; dorsal ground color of head, body and limbs purple to dark purple-brown in adults, with or without small irregularly shaped dark brown blotches; (15) presence of four transverse bands, including one nuchal loop, two body bands and one caudal constriction band, light yellow with black brown anterior and posterior borders; (16) nuchal loop mostly rounded posteriorly, rarely protracted; (17) iris orange to dark reddish-brown.	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
75519DF730C25E1089046CF9565E6DE3.taxon	distribution	Distribution. After this taxonomic revision, the distribution of G. hainanensis is restricted to the southern and southwestern regions of Hainan Island, at elevations of 30 – 800 m (Zhou et al. 2019; Zhu et al. 2020 b; this study; Fig. 7 A – C). Its northern limit is located in Wuzhishan City, the southern limit in Sanya City, and the western extent reaches to Jianfengling. The eastern boundary remains uncertain, but is tentatively inferred to lie along the northern foothills of the Wuzhishan mountain range. Due to current sampling gaps, it remains unclear whether G. hainanensis and G. cf. lichtenfelderi are sympatric or experience gene flow in this region.	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
65DC7FF823EF5CB38F66431733B02589.taxon	distribution	Distribution. The species of G. lichtenfelderi group are distributed on Hainan Island, in the southwestern region of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China, and in northeastern Vietnam. The westernmost record is located in Ba Vi District, west of the Red River, Vietnam (Fig. 7). See species accounts for detailed distribution of each species.	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
890A94B9B1735D498CA6A19514C23E45.taxon	description	Figure 10 (E 1 – E 3)	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
890A94B9B1735D498CA6A19514C23E45.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Based on this study: (1) SVL 80.1 – 97.0 mm in adult males, 73.3 – 97.5 mm in adult females; (2) external nares bordered by 9 – 11 nasal scales; (3) internasal 0 – 2, mostly single or two, rarely absent; (4) supralabials 8 – 11; (5) infralabials 6 – 9; (6) preorbital scales 14 – 21; (7) supraorbital region with a row of slightly enlarged tubercles; (8) eyelid fringe scales 50 – 63; (9) scales around midbody 89 – 113; (10) longitudinal dorsal tubercle rows at midbody 19 – 25; (11) paravertebral tubercles between limb insertions 18 – 24; (12) axillary pockets shallow or deep; (13) presence of 25 – 31 precloacal pores in males, form a continuous transverse series extending onto the femora; precloacal pores in females absent; (14) dorsal ground color of head, body and limbs dark purple-brown to almost black in juveniles without blotches; dorsal ground color of head, body and limbs purple to dark purple-brown in adults, with or without small irregularly shaped dark brown blotches; (15) presence of four transverse bands, including one nuchal loop, two body bands and one caudal constriction band, light yellow with black brown anterior and posterior borders; (16) nuchal loop mostly rounded posteriorly, rarely protracted; (17) iris orange to dark reddish-brown.	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
890A94B9B1735D498CA6A19514C23E45.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Goniurosaurus cf. lichtenfelderi is only known from Hainan Island, China. Its distribution extends southward from Haikou City, westward to Qiongzhong County, eastward to Wenchang City, and as far south as the southern foothills of the Wuzhishan Mountains, including Qixianling and Diaoluoshan, at elevations of 30 – 862 m (this study) (Fig. 7 A – C).	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
8DA00ADA720F59CA9F79D63CA65568DB.taxon	description	Figures 10 (D 1 – D 3), 11 (D)	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
8DA00ADA720F59CA9F79D63CA65568DB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Based on the previous description (Grismer 2000; Nguyen 2011; Ngo et al. 2021): (1) SVL 80.6 – 113.5 mm in adult males, 81.0 – 105.5 mm in adult females; (2) external nares bordered by 5 – 10 nasal scales; (3) internasal 1 – 5, mostly single or two, rarely 1: 2, 2: 2 or 2: 3; (4) supralabials 7 – 10; (5) infralabials 6 – 9; (6) preorbital scales 12 – 19; (7) supraorbital region with a row of slightly enlarged tubercles; (8) eyelid fringe scales 43 – 58; (9) scales around midbody 117 – 131; (10) longitudinal dorsal tubercle rows at midbody 15 – 22; (11) paravertebral tubercles between limb insertions 22 – 33; (12) axillary pockets shallow; (13) presence of 24 – 32 precloacal pores in males, form a continuous transverse series extending onto the femora; precloacal pores in females absent mostly, expect for some individuals from Vietnam with 17 - 21 indistinct precloacal pores; (14) dorsal ground color of head, body and limbs dark purple-brown to almost black in juveniles without blotches; dorsal ground color of head, body and limbs purple to dark purple-brown in adults, with or without small irregularly shaped dark brown blotches; (15) presence of four transverse bands, including one nuchal loop, two body bands and one caudal constriction band, light yellow with black brown anterior and posterior borders; (16) nuchal loop mostly rounded posteriorly; (17) iris orange to dark reddish-brown.	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
8DA00ADA720F59CA9F79D63CA65568DB.taxon	distribution	Distribution. After this taxonomic revision, G. lichtenfelderi sensu stricto is restricted to the Asian mainland. It is known from Quang Ninh, Bac Giang, Hai Duong, and Hanoi (Ba Vi) in northern Vietnam, as well as from Fangchenggang and Chongzuo in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China (Orlov et al. 2020; Ngo et al. 2023; this study).	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
8EF390126B315E05A62DAD6D9081F917.taxon	description	Figure 13	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
8EF390126B315E05A62DAD6D9081F917.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Based on the previous description (Zhou et al. 2018) and examined specimens in this study: (1) SVL 92.0 – 101.5 mm in adult males, 83.7 – 97.0 mm in adult females; (2) external nares bordered by 6 – 9 nasal scales; (3) internasal mostly single, rarely two; (4) supralabials 8 – 10; (5) infralabials 7 – 9; (6) preorbital scales 14 – 20; (7) supraorbital region with a row of slightly enlarged tubercles; (8) eyelid fringe scales 49 – 62; (9) scales around midbody 92 – 140; (10) longitudinal dorsal tubercle rows at midbody 19 – 25; (11) paravertebral tubercles between limb insertions 22 – 32; (12) axillary pockets deep; (13) presence of 36 – 41 precloacal pores in males form a continuous transverse series extending onto the femora, and absent in females; (14) dorsal ground color of head yellow-brown, body and limbs dark yellow-brown to dark brown in juveniles, without blotches; dorsal ground color of head, body and limbs mauve pink to purple brown in adults, with small irregularly shaped dark brown blotches; (15) presence of five transverse bands, including one nuchal loop, three body bands and one caudal constriction band, yellowish-white to light yellow with black brown anterior and posterior borders, transverse bands usually with dark brown spots in mature individuals; (16) nuchal loop rounded; (17) iris reddish-orange to dark reddish-brown.	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
8EF390126B315E05A62DAD6D9081F917.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Goniurosaurus zhoui is an endemic species on Hainan Island, which is currently known from Baisha Li Autonomous County (Nankai town and National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, Yinggeling Area, formerly Yinggeling National Natural Reserve), Changjiang Li Autonomous County (Wangxia town), Dongfang City (National Park of Hainan Tropical Rainforest, Bawangling Area, formerly Exianling Provincial Natural Reserve) Hainan Province, China, at elevations of 200 – 390 m (Zhou et al. 2018; this study; Fig. 7 A, B).	en	Qi, Shuo, Ngo, Hai Ngoc, Grismer, L. Lee, Wang, Hao-Tian, Song, Han-Ming, Zhu, Xiao-Yu, He, Zhu-Qing, Zhou, Zi-Chen, Li, Pi-Peng, Wang, Ji-Chao, Wang, Ying-Yong (2025): Integrative taxonomic revision of the Goniurosaurus lichtenfelderi group (Squamata: Eublepharidae): Insights from morphological and molecular data. Vertebrate Zoology 75: 673-698, DOI: 10.3897/vz.75.e158031
