taxonID	type	description	language	source
016C87DD82627A12B6EA56A73C76E720.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Seven preserved specimens with catalogue numbers (stations included): 124270 - B 39 (B 10 V 02); 124270 - B 40 (B 11 V 04); 124270 - B 41 (B 11 V 04).	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82627A12B6EA56A73C76E720.taxon	description	Description. As for other species of the genus, E. grandiporus has a small test, subcircular in outline, with a flat oral side (Fig. 2 a, b). On apical disc, ocular pores the same size or larger than genital pores. Madreporite slightly inflated. Genital and ocular plates fused, with four gonopores (Fig. 2 a). Aborally, petals poorly developed, small and inconspicuous (Fig. 2 a). On the oral side, peristome margin with slight infundibulum, and more or less pentagonal in outline (Fig. 2 b).	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82627A12B6EA56A73C76E720.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Atlantic Ocean: south and north Azores, west of Portugal, Masachusetts, from south of North Carolina to south of Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Brazil (In front of Sao Luís, Joao Pessoa and Sao Paulo) (Mortensen, 1907; Mortensen, 1927; Schultz, 2009; Kroh, & Mooi, 2022; OBIS, 2022) Bathymetric range. 30 m (USNM E 20468) – 2500 m (OBIS spp- 71 - 416 _ D 3 2009). Present study: 744 – 1091 m.	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82627A12B6EA56A73C76E720.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Sixteen species of the genus Echinocyamus Van Phelsum, 1774 are recorded worldwide. The morphology of Echinocyamus grandiporus is similar to that of Echinocyamus macrostomus Mortensen, 1907 and E. pusillus (O. F. Müller, 1776). In E. grandiporus, the test outline is rounded, the madreporite is elevated, and petals are poorly developed and shorter than in E. pusillus. In addition, the periproct is closer to the posterior margin of the test compared to E. pusillus. Ocular pores in E. grandiporus are the same size or larger than the gonopores, while ocular pores in E. pusillus are smaller than gonopores. In E. macrostomus, the peristome and the periproct are larger than in E. grandiporus, ocular pores are smaller than gonopores and the periproct is smaller than the peristome, transverse, and positioned near the posterior margin of the test.	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82647A12B6EA52BC3DA5E118.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. One preserved specimen with catalogue number (station included): 124273 - B 42 (B 11 DR 3).	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82647A12B6EA52BC3DA5E118.taxon	description	Description. Test small and fragile test, up to 12 mm long. Genital and ocular plates fused, with four gonopores (Fig. 2 c). Ocular pores smaller than gonopores. Only one hydropore on the apical system. Petals distinct and open distally. Periproct very small, located halfway between peristome and posterior margin of test (Fig. 2 d). Oral side slightly depressed around peristome (Fig. 2 d).	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82647A12B6EA52BC3DA5E118.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Atlantic Ocean: south of Svalbard, Norwegian Sea, North Sea, west of Iceland, United Kingdom, English Channel, Ireland, Bay of Biscay, west and north Galicia, Azores, south of Portugal, west Africa, Mediterranean Sea (O. F. Müller, 1776; Mortensen, 1927; Schultz, 2005; Kroh, & Mooi, 2022; OBIS, 2022) Bathymetrical range. 0 m (Mortensen, 1903) – 1250 m (Mortensen, 1927). Present study: 1313 m.	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82647A12B6EA52BC3DA5E118.taxon	discussion	Remarks. See above for E. grandiporus.	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82647A12B6EA558C3A49E230.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. 64 preserved specimens with catalogue numbers (stations included): 124351 - B 150 (B 11 V 02); 124351 - B 151 (B 11 V 05); 124351 - B 152 (B 11 V 05); 124351 - B 153 (B 11 V 05); 124351 - B 154 (B 11 V 02).	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82647A12B6EA558C3A49E230.taxon	description	Description. Labrum and sternum disjunct, apical disc with fused genital plates 2 and 3, petals absent, single pore per ambulacral plate, and subanal fasciole present (Fig. 3 a, b). Test oval in outline and rounded anteriorly in aboral view, presence of a small hood above anal rostrum on the posterior margin (Fig. 3 a, b). Anterior ambulacrum sunken adorally (Fig. 3 a). Plastron (sternum) keeled (Fig. 3 b). Apical system disjunct with only two gonopores on fused anterior genital plates 2 and 4, gonopores absent on posterior genitals (Fig. 3 a).	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82647A12B6EA558C3A49E230.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Atlantic Ocean: Bay of Biscay, west and south of Iceland, Caribbean Sea (Santa Lucía, San Vicente y las Granadinas) (Mortensen, 1905; Mortensen 1927; Schultz, 2009; Kroh, & Mooi, 2022; OBIS, 2022) Bathymetric range. 658 – 2375 m (Schultz 2009). Present study: 1631 – 1706 m.	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82647A12B6EA558C3A49E230.taxon	discussion	Remarks. To date seven species of the genus Plexechinus A. Agassiz, 1898 have been described worldwide. Only P. hirsutus is known in the study area and cannot be mistaken for any other known co-occurring species.	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82667A1FB6EA50993A72E4B4.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. One preserved specimen with catalogue number (station included): 526627 - B 76 (B 11 V 02).	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82667A1FB6EA50993A72E4B4.taxon	description	Description. Test outline oval in aboral view (Fig. 4 a, b). Apical system ethmophract (posterior genital and ocular plates not separated by the madreporite) with four gonopores (Fig. 4 a). Presence of a peripetalous fasciole positioned adapically far above the ambitus in the anterior of the test (Fig. 4 a). Anal and subanal fascioles absent (Fig 4 b). Petals short, posterior ones only half the size of anterior ones. Oral side flat with peristome anterior in position. Short sternum as wide as long.	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82667A1FB6EA50993A72E4B4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Atlantic Ocean, United Kingdom, Ireland, south Iceland, Bay of Biscay, southwest of Portugal, Azores, Labrador Sea, east of North America from Massachusetts to North of Carolina, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, Pacific Ocean, east and south of Japan, Indonesia, Philippine Sea, Sulu Sea, Makassar Strait, Flores Sea, Tasman Sea, southeast of Australia, New Zealand. (Loven, 1871; Mortensen 1927; Schultz, 2009; Kroh, & Mooi, 2022; OBIS, 2022) Bathymetric range. 320 m (USNM E 41727) – 4897 m (Mironov, 2014). Present study: 1706 m.	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
016C87DD82667A1FB6EA50993A72E4B4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Five extant species of the genus Holanthus Lambert & Thiéry, 1924 are known to date. Two of them are close morphologically, H. expergitus and H. tenuis (A. Agassiz, 1898). In H. expergitus, the shape of the test is oval, and the anterior petals are twice as long as the posterior ones. In H. tenuis, the test is more rounded, and the sternum is long and narrow, much longer than wide. The two species have very distinct distributions (Fig. 4).	en	García-Guillén, Laura M., Saucède, Thomas, Ríos, Pilar, Manjón-Cabeza, M. Eugenia (2025): Deep-sea Echinoids from the Galician Bank (North Atlantic Ocean). Zootaxa 5601 (1): 169-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5601.1.9
