taxonID	type	description	language	source
03B687A0D451FFEBFDB8AF3EFA842FBB.taxon	discussion	Species that are intermediate or ambiguous for characters are keyed out multiple times, which should make it broadly functional. Some of these are easily identifiable by unique combinations of characters, despite being intermediate in many of those used to separate major groupings. A multi-access DELTA key, including all other described species, is also included (Supp. file 3). The following may be used as a shortcut to major sections of the key. The ‘ unusual species’ at the beginning are heterogeneous and will need to be run through for those unfamiliar with the group, but possess various distinctive characters that make them stand out from typical Bethylinae. Bristle-like vertex and gena setae .................. 2 Very unusual species .................................... 14 Clypeus large ............................................... 24 Head flat dorsally Body strongly compressed ........................ 42 Body not unusually compressed ............... 63 Head convex dorsally Basal wing cells glabrous ......................... 99 Basal wing cells setose Mandible reddish brown to yellow ..... 130 Mandible black ................................... 150	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D478FFE9FD5AAC72FD592FF0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 620 CAFC- 41 CC- 4893 - B 6 C 6 - 8 C 04 A 8 BDAECE Figs 7, 14	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D478FFE9FD5AAC72FD592FF0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A distinctive species, recognizable by the unusual clypeus which is moderately short but broadened laterally anterior of the antennal sockets, the lateral margin rounded with a constriction between the anterior clypeal projection and posterior lateral lobe. This is shared only with its sibling species S. curtirostris sp. nov., which differs in having the clypeus elongate with the apex strongly acute in profile, head flatter (DH / LH 0.51 vs 0.57), and basal wing cells sparsely setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D478FFE9FD5AAC72FD592FF0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ abrupta ’, ‘ broken’ or ‘ cut off’, referring to the truncate clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D478FFE9FD5AAC72FD592FF0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Bellingham; 41.016 ° S, 147.197 ° E; Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap; TMAG F 153001.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D478FFE9FD5AAC72FD592FF0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process short, broad, transverse, rounded laterally, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate (blunt apically); in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte (coarser posteriorly). Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners broadly rounded; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing mostly glabrous, cell R densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.88 mm; LM 0.91 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.57; EV / HE 0.72; EV / WF 0.68; WF / HE 1.06; WH / WF 1.79; OOL / WOT 1.46; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.21; HFL / HFW 2.20; A 3 L / W 1.13; 2 R 1 L / W 2.58.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D478FFE9FD5AAC72FD592FF0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D47AFFE7FD50ADF2FD902F19.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 0 CF 77 C 6 - E 014 - 47 A 0 - 8 E 69 - F 1 CF 1 AF 131 EA Figs 8, 10	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D47AFFE7FD50ADF2FD902F19.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis An unusual species, distinguished by the combination of glabrous basal wing cells, the head strongly flattened (DH / LH ~ 0.41) but slightly convex dorsally, and clypeus triangular, apically pointed and dorsally with a rounded carina. The clypeus is also elongate and strongly acute apically in profile, unlike in members of the compressa group which have it rounded and / or short and steep.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D47AFFE7FD50ADF2FD902F19.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ acrobeles ’, ‘ sharp-pointed’, referring to the elongate, pointed, triangular clypeus and flattened head. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D47AFFE7FD50ADF2FD902F19.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Pilliga Scrub, via Coonabarabran; 15 Dec. 1976; I. Naumann leg.; beating and sweeping; dry sclerophyll forest; QM T 262150.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D47AFFE7FD50ADF2FD902F19.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process triangular, apex pointed; dorsally with a sharp or rounded carina; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; slightly bent ventrad near base, apical half of mandible semicylindrical, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.38 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.41; EV / HE 0.90; EV / WF 0.76; WF / HE 1.19; WH / WF 1.70; OOL / WOT 1.75; DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 2.50; HFL / HFW 1.95; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.86.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D47AFFE7FD50ADF2FD902F19.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected in semi-arid woodland.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D47AFFE7FD50ADF2FD902F19.taxon	discussion	Remarks The combination of narrow profemur and broad metafemur is very unusual; in most species the profemur is broader or only slightly narrower.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D474FFE2FD70ADC5FAF42A21.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 220 BC 757 - 7 A 74 - 4 BEF-BD 1 D- 56 EBEBB 92774 Figs 9 – 10	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D474FFE2FD70ADC5FAF42A21.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a cluster of species with the basal wing cells nearly glabrous, clypeus short and semi-elliptical, and head moderately deep and convex dorsally and ventrally. Separated from similar species by the distinct malar space, slightly twisted mandible, and dorsal propodeum with a broad polished strip extending the full length. The clypeus is also only very weakly curved in profile, apically strongly acute, with the dorsal ridge effaced apically.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D474FFE2FD70ADC5FAF42A21.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the Australian Capital Territory, to which this species is so far limited. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D474FFE2FD70ADC5FAF42A21.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Blundells Creek; 35 ° 22 ′ S, 148 ° 50 ′ E; Feb. 1987; D. H. Colless leg.; Malaise trap / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154806. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♂; Canberra; 17 Dec. 1980; D. F. Rentz leg.; in pool; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D474FFE2FD70ADC5FAF42A21.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a rounded carina, effaced towards apex; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 3 – 1 / 2 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of smooth tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum covered with a mix of long and short setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.71 mm; LM 0.90 mm; WH / LH 0.83; DH / LH 0.54; EV / HE 0.66; EV / WF 0.66; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.83; OOL / WOT 1.53; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 1.88; HFL / HFW 2.36; A 3 L / W 1.23; 2 R 1 L / W 3.07.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D474FFE2FD70ADC5FAF42A21.taxon	distribution	Distribution Australian Capital Territory; known only from the holotype and a tentatively associated male.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D471FFE0FD5BA82DFBD42971.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8 EAA 3 E 02 - 216 F- 4 A 61 - A 5 E 0 - 6036 DDBE 1226 Figs 10 – 11	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D471FFE0FD5BA82DFBD42971.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A very distinctive species, recognizable by the combination of the head narrow, compressed, and dorsally flat on the posterior half; clypeus elongate in profile, apex strongly acute, dorsally with a low carina; and mandible parallel-sided. Vein Rs of the fore wing also ends well short of the anterior wing margin.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D471FFE0FD5BA82DFBD42971.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ adductus ’, ‘ stretched’, referring to the elongate head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D471FFE0FD5BA82DFBD42971.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Chalamar [= Chelmer?]; 5 Sep. 1979; G. Gordh and C. Dahma leg.; UCRC 556765.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D471FFE0FD5BA82DFBD42971.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, prolonged posteriorly well beyond antennal sockets to about 1 / 3 eye height; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with second ventral tooth largest. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow punctures, dense near antennae, 2 – 3 pit widths apart posterior of midpoint of eyes. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, those on S 6 twice as long as others. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs short, weakly curved, remote from wing margin. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.80 mm; LM 0.91 mm; WH / LH 0.76; DH / LH 0.43; EV / HE 0.78; EV / WF 0.78; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.78; OOL / WOT 1.76; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 1.94; HFL / HFW 2.13; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.92.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D471FFE0FD5BA82DFBD42971.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, probably collected near Brisbane (see Remarks).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D471FFE0FD5BA82DFBD42971.taxon	discussion	Remarks The Rs vein is unusually short and the palpi cannot be fully seen, so it is possible that this species could be a member of Goniozus. However, the palpi appear to be 4 / 2 with an elongate terminal maxillary palpomere (characteristic of Sierola), and Goniozus with a closed cell 1 M (“ Parasierola ”) are rare in Australia, so it is placed here. The type locality is uncertain as I can find no place called Chalamar in Queensland or Australia as a whole; it is likely a misspelling of the Brisbane suburb of Chelmer, as many of Gordh’s other collections come from Indooroopilly just across the river.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D473FFFEFDA1AB7DFBF52A94.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 74475037 - E 746 - 457 E-AAA 6 - B 46197 C 19128 Figs 10, 12	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D473FFFEFDA1AB7DFBF52A94.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the ficicola species group, with the head flat dorsally, moderately narrow and compressed, frons narrow, and antenna short. Nearly identical to S. comparata sp. nov. of Victoria, distinguished from others by having the vertex narrowly carinate between the lateral ocelli and mandible strongly convex outwardly. Separated by the more elongate and rounded clypeus which is not recurved ventrally, the more ventrally concave mandible, and head shorter posterior of the eye.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D473FFFEFDA1AB7DFBF52A94.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the collecting locality of the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D473FFFEFDA1AB7DFBF52A94.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Adelaide; SAMA 32 - 42923.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D473FFFEFDA1AB7DFBF52A94.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with second ventral tooth largest. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture coriaceous to finely microreticulate. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex or nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae (see Remarks). Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.85 mm; LM 1.01 mm; WH / LH 0.75; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 0.91; EV / WF 0.90; WF / HE 1.01; WH / WF 1.74; OOL / WOT 1.73; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.06; HFL / HFW 2.14; A 3 L / W 0.93; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D473FFFEFDA1AB7DFBF52A94.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected in Adelaide.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D473FFFEFDA1AB7DFBF52A94.taxon	discussion	Remarks The holotype was originally mounted in dense glue and has been remounted. The basal wing cells lack setae but appear to have been abraded and the actual setation is unclear.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46DFFFCFD5DAB5EFBB82DBB.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: BFBBA 99 E-EAE 2 - 4924 - 9202 - 18 F 654 AA 00 E 7 Figs 13 – 14	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46DFFFCFD5DAB5EFBB82DBB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A distinctive species, recognizable by the combination of very broad, parallel-sided, slightly twisted mandible, lateral ocelli separated from the vertex by about their length, sparsely setose basal wing cells, and somewhat short clypeus, weakly curved in profile with the apical angle acute. Nearly identical to S. cremnophila sp. nov., separated by the distinctly curved anterior clypeal margin, dull, somewhat papillate frons sculpture, and greater OOL / WOT.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46DFFFCFD5DAB5EFBB82DBB.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ adversus ’, ‘ against’ or ‘ opposite’, referring to the collection of the holotype on the north end of King Island away from the others taken there, and facing mainland Australia.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46DFFFCFD5DAB5EFBB82DBB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; King Is., Martha Lavinia Road, heathland; 39.6567 ° S, 144.0678 ° E; 18 Dec. 2023 – 13 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap series 3; TMAG F 152998.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46DFFFCFD5DAB5EFBB82DBB.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible broad, ventral margin slightly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a somewhat dense apical row of short setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.25 mm; LM 1.01 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.57; EV / HE 0.71; EV / WF 0.67; WF / HE 1.07; WH / WF 1.75; OOL / WOT 1.88; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.07; HFL / HFW 2.12; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46DFFFCFD5DAB5EFBB82DBB.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype, collected on King Island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46DFFFCFD5DAB5EFBB82DBB.taxon	discussion	Remarks This and its sister species S. cremnophila sp. nov. may be divergent members of the cuneata species group; they resemble many of those species in the broad mandible and angulate clypeal apex in lateral view, but lack the enlarged clypeus typical of the group. The existence of two such similar species so widely separated suggests that more in this complex remain to be discovered.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46FFFFBFD51AFA4FD5F2984.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 30 FF 356 - 4328 - 493 B- 9 D 9 C- 4 BE 72 F 898135 Figs 10, 15	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46FFFFBFD51AFA4FD5F2984.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the complex of species with the clypeus moderately large and quadrate, visibly parallel-sided beyond the antennae. Forming a species pair with S. campanula sp. nov., united in having the frons very narrow (WF / HE ~ 0.8), clypeus with a low but distinct medial carina and broadly rounded apically rather than straight truncate or emarginate, vein Rs ending short of the anterior wing margin, and S 5 with a pair of elongate setae. Separated by having the mandible reddish brown and slightly twisted, propodeum with the median carina faint, and profemur mostly yellow.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46FFFFBFD51AFA4FD5F2984.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ allithoros ’, ‘ cross-eyed’ or ‘ squinting’, from the dorsally close eyes. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46FFFFBFD51AFA4FD5F2984.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Upper Clayton Gully, near Cunningham’s Gap; elev. 400 – 600 m; 25 Apr. 1974; I. Naumann leg.; sweeping long grass; wet sclerophyll forest; QM T 262151. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; Hat Head; 31.0626 ° S, 153.052 ° E; elev. 37 m; 4 – 18 Feb. 2018; P. Hebert leg.; Malaise trap, trap # 3; BOLD: NSWHO 3417 - 18, NSWHO 3816 - 18, NSWHO 3706 - 18, BIN ADV 9054; ANIC. – Queensland • 1 ♀; Corroy [sic: Cooroy]; 15 Sep. 1979; G. Gordh leg.; UCRC 401812 • 1 ♀; Acacia Ridge near Brisbane; 13 Dec. 1979; G. Gordh leg.; UCRC 556776.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46FFFFBFD51AFA4FD5F2984.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a distinct but narrow, sharp ridge raised slightly above the otherwise flat surface; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, more or less parallel-sided except at base; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view straight or nearly so. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate to very weak and mostly smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of smooth tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina faintly present; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 5 with a pair of long erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible reddish brown. Procoxa and femur yellow except dorsal margin of femur, meso- and metafemora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.15 mm; LM 0.62 mm (0.59 – 0.69); WH / LH 0.74 (0.70 – 0.74); DH / LH 0.52 (0.50 – 0.52); EV / HE 0.70 (0.64 – 0.76); EV / WF 0.88 (0.84 – 1.00); WF / HE 0.79 (0.76 – 0.84); WH / WF 2.18 (2.05 – 2.24); OOL / WOT 1.71 (1.67 – 1.88); DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.96 (1.96 – 2.08); HFL / HFW 2.16 (2.00 – 2.33); A 3 L / W 0.83 (0.83 – 1.00); 2 R 1 L / W 3.14. N = 5. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Generally shorter and more compact. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex very broadly rounded or truncate; in profile distinctly curved. Frons punctation sparse. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Antenna longer, extending to posterior margin of pronotum. Color. All coxae and femora brown; tibiae tinged with brown medially. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.07 mm; LM 0.57 mm; WH / LH 0.87; DH / LH 0.60; EV / HE 0.62; EV / WF 0.63; WF / HE 0.98; WH / WF 1.98; OOL / WOT 1.20; DM / LM 0.41; HFL / HFW 2.13; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.72.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46FFFFBFD51AFA4FD5F2984.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland and New South Wales; known from several collections in the eastern forest zone.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46FFFFBFD51AFA4FD5F2984.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species and S. campanula sp. nov. appear to form a closely related allopatric species pair, although relatively few collections are available for each. In both the clypeus is shorter than in other species of this complex, so they are keyed out twice.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D468FFF9FD55AA4EFC92287C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 05 AF 245 - F 951 - 4953 - AD 3 A-F 063578396 B 1 Figs 16, 20	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D468FFF9FD55AA4EFC92287C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis An unusual species, resembling some members of the compressa species group in the broad frons (WF / HE 1.23 – 1.35), short, broad clypeus, and broad metafemur, but with the head slightly convex dorsally and distinctly convex ventrally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D468FFF9FD55AA4EFC92287C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ alveolus ’, ‘ streambed’ or ‘ furrow’, referring to the many small gullies around the type locality.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D468FFF9FD55AA4EFC92287C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Samsonvale Cemetery, Dayboro 8.5 km SSE; 27 ° 16 ′ S, 152 ° 52 ′ E; elev. 50 m; 12 Aug. 1998; C. J. Burwell leg.; sweeping, 50119; QM T 262152. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; North Pine River; 4 Nov. 1928; H. Hacker leg.; QM • 1 ♀; Drapers Crossing, South Pine River, 4 km NE of Samford; 27 ° 21 ′ S, 152 ° 55 ′ E; 13 Apr. 1996; C. J. Burwell and S. Evans leg.; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D468FFF9FD55AA4EFC92287C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, or somewhat rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head (weakly differentiated). Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina faintly present; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.20 mm; LM 1.16 mm (1.01 – 1.16); WH / LH 0.93 (0.93 – 0.97); DH / LH 0.54 (0.52 – 0.54); EV / HE 0.73 (0.64 – 0.73); EV / WF 0.54 (0.52 – 0.56); WF / HE 1.35 (1.23 – 1.35); WH / WF 1.60 (1.60 – 1.67); OOL / WOT 1.52 (1.44 – 1.52); DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 1.90 (1.80 – 1.93); HFL / HFW 2.00 (1.96 – 2.00); A 3 L / W 1.00 (0.91 – 1.11); 2 R 1 L / W 2.42. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D468FFF9FD55AA4EFC92287C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from three collections near Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46AFFF7FDAEAA66FBBA2F1E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 B 04 FDBD-B 440 - 4 A 34 - 9579 - 6 C 3 F 50 B 5 AC 23 Figs 17, 41	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46AFFF7FDAEAA66FBBA2F1E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Differing from most other species by the combination of basal wing cells sparsely setose, mandible moderately broad and distinctly concave ventrally, and clypeus semicircular. Forming a species pair with S. isolata sp. nov., united in having the head moderately compressed (DH / LH ~ 0.50), vertex slightly bulging and carinate between the lateral ocelli, and the mandible broadest at about 2 / 3 its length and slightly narrowed at the apex. Separated by having the legs predominantly yellow and OOL / WOT greater, 1.60 – 1.70 vs ~ 1.43.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46AFFF7FDAEAA66FBBA2F1E.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ ambitiosus ’, ‘ desiring excessively’, referring to the type locality.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46AFFF7FDAEAA66FBBA2F1E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Luster Creek, 8 km W by N of Mt Molloy; 21 – 22 May 1980; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC 32 - 154807. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; 10 km NW of Ellis Beach; 16 ° 40 ′ S, 145 ° 34 ′ E; 20 Apr. 1997; C. J. Burwell leg.; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46AFFF7FDAEAA66FBBA2F1E.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed just beyond base and broadened distally, apex slightly narrowed, broadest at apical 2 / 3; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view slightly sinuate around ocellar triangle; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Procoxa and femur yellow except dorsal margin of femur, meso- and metafemora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow, or legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.36 mm; LM 0.75 mm; WH / LH 0.79; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.54; EV / WF 0.63; WF / HE 0.86; WH / WF 1.95; OOL / WOT 1.60; DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 1.91; HFL / HFW 1.90; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.92.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46AFFF7FDAEAA66FBBA2F1E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from two specimens collected on the north coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D46AFFF7FDAEAA66FBBA2F1E.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is very similar to S. isolata sp. nov. and they may represent a single widespread species. However, only three specimens combined are available, from opposite sides of the continent. Given the differences in color and head shape, I have decided to keep them as separate species. The form of the mandible is unusual; the only species with a somewhat similar form is the unrelated S. gudang sp. nov., which has the ventral margin weakly concave and is otherwise very different.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D464FFF5FDAAADC0FBDB2F6C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 97 DA 401 A-F 111 - 446 B-A 131 - 70302 A 2 F 482 E Figs 14, 18	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D464FFF5FDAAADC0FBDB2F6C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex and setose basal wing cells, distinguished by the combination of a short, almost transverse clypeus which is evenly sloping in profile, and ocellar triangle right with lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest. Closest to S. exleyae sp. nov. and S. nauo sp. nov., both of which have the clypeus distinctly curved in profile.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D464FFF5FDAAADC0FBDB2F6C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ amphilyke ’, ‘ gray of dawn’, referring to the collection of the holotype on the easternmost coast of Tasmania. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D464FFF5FDAAADC0FBDB2F6C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 13 km S of Falmouth; 41 ° 32 ′ S, 148 ° 16 ′ E; 6 Feb. 1992; C. J. Burwell leg.; ex ethanol; QM T 262153.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D464FFF5FDAAADC0FBDB2F6C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile almost evenly sloping, nearly straight (very slightly curved). Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, with median anterior and posterior triangular polished areas narrowly connected; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.49 mm; LM 0.72 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.73; EV / WF 0.71; WF / HE 1.03; WH / WF 1.79; OOL / WOT 1.37; DM / LM 0.45; FL / FW 2.10; HFL / HFW 2.22; A 3 L / W 0.93; 2 R 1 L / W 2.25.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D464FFF5FDAAADC0FBDB2F6C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype, collected on the northeast coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D466FFF3FDAAAD16FB9C28A5.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 9 B 7 C 51 E 3 - 7673 - 486 D- 880 B- 9 D 937031 D 1 E 4 Figs 19 – 20	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D466FFF3FDAAAD16FB9C28A5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the compressa species group, having the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, head moderately long posterior of the eyes, and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Distinguished from most related species by the obtuse ocellar triangle, reddish brown mandible, and broad metafemur. Closest to S. megamera sp. nov., separated by the more densely punctate frons and narrower head (WH / LH ~ 0.79) which is more quadrate in dorsal view, the posterior corners distinct.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D466FFF3FDAAAD16FB9C28A5.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ amputatus ’, ‘ cut off’, referring to the severed tibia and tarsus of another insect grasped in the mandibles of the holotype. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D466FFF3FDAAAD16FB9C28A5.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; 24 km W by N of Lock; 33 ° 32 ′ S, 135 ° 30 ′ E; 30 Nov. 1992; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; flowers Eucalyptus; ANIC 32 - 154808.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D466FFF3FDAAAD16FB9C28A5.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute or rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with relatively regular, moderately close punctures, 1 – 2 pit widths apart (largely impunctate around median ocellus). Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture evenly coriaceous. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved, pronotal disc slightly concave. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.45 mm; LM 0.79 mm; WH / LH 0.79; DH / LH 0.37; EV / HE 0.90; EV / WF 0.79; WF / HE 1.14; WH / WF 1.67; OOL / WOT 1.29; DM / LM 0.22; FL / FW 2.01; HFL / HFW 1.77; A 3 L / W 0.60; 2 R 1 L / W 2.64.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D466FFF3FDAAAD16FB9C28A5.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected on the Eyre Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D463FFF1FDA3A85DFCF9280C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: CF 8 B 2 CDA-EE 55 - 4061 - 8 FE 9 - EEADCB 2 BD 649 Figs 20 – 21	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D463FFF1FDA3A85DFCF9280C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a distinctive species pair with S. strigula sp. nov., sharing the strongly convex dorsum of the head, strongly elbowed mandible with a large ventral tooth, strongly acute clypeus in profile, and nearly glabrous basal wing cells. Separated by the twisted mandible which is narrowed apically in frontal view, head evenly convex ventrally rather than slightly angulate, and typical frons microsculpture, more or less even with the punctation distinct.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D463FFF1FDA3A85DFCF9280C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ ankos ’, ‘ bend’, + ‘ gnathos ’, ‘ jaw’, referring to the bent mandible. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D463FFF1FDA3A85DFCF9280C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Congo, 8 km SE by E of Moruya; 35 ° 58 ′ S, 150 ° 09 ′ E; 26 Mar. – 3 Apr. 1982; M. S. Upton leg.; window trap; ANIC 32 - 154809.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D463FFF1FDA3A85DFCF9280C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process triangular, apex weakly pointed; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; distinctly bent ventrad near base, crossing diagonally when closed, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible strongly oblique, falcate, lacking subapical teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible concave in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye flat, with a broad area of distinct tesselate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.51 mm; LM 0.82 mm; WH / LH 0.76; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.50; EV / WF 0.63; WF / HE 0.79; WH / WF 1.94; OOL / WOT 1.15; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.92; HFL / HFW 2.35; A 3 L / W 1.32; 2 R 1 L / W 2.57.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D463FFF1FDA3A85DFCF9280C.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected near the coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D463FFF1FDA3A85DFCF9280C.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is remarkably similar to S. strigula sp. nov. and they likely co-occur, but the differences in the mandible and frons sculpture are very distinct.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41DFF8CFD86A85DFEC12954.taxon	description	Figs 20, 22	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41DFF8CFD86A85DFEC12954.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with a strongly compressed body and flat head, separated from the compressa group by the relatively long, narrow, quadrate head. Closest to S. scutula sp. nov., distinguished by the densely setose basal wing cells, moderately broad mandible which is distinctly concave ventrally, coriaceous frons microsculpture, and head shorter posterior of the eyes.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41DFF8CFD86A85DFEC12954.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Lectotype (here designated) AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Sydney; W. W. Froggatt leg.; USNM. Paralectotypes AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 2 ♀♀; same data as for lectotype; USNM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41DFF8CFD86A85DFEC12954.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. With moderately dense pubescence. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible black. Procoxa and femur black, legs otherwise brown, paler towards tarsi. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.44 mm; LM 0.78 mm; WH / LH 0.72; DH / LH 0.40; EV / HE 0.94; EV / WF 1.03; WF / HE 0.91; WH / WF 1.87; OOL / WOT 1.40; DM / LM 0.27; FL / FW 2.30.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41DFF8CFD86A85DFEC12954.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the type series, collected near Sydney.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41DFF8CFD86A85DFEC12954.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology The original description says “ Host — Dipt.: Cecidomyia [= Dasineura] frauenfeldi, a species forming soft red galls on Melaleuca (W. W. Froggatt) ”, but this seems extremely unlikely. No bethylid is known to attack Diptera larvae, and the adult fly is only about as large as an adult wasp. The galls formed by this species are large cone-like bud galls (Kolesik & Gagné 2016), and could be inhabited by inquiline caterpillars as commonly occurs in the galls of North American Dasineura Róndani, 1840 (Dorchin et al. 2007). The general morphology of S. antipoda is similar to that of species reared from leaf miners, but this form could also be adapted to squeezing between the leaves of bud galls. Santhosh (2017) has also reared Sierola from galls in India. In that case the galls were induced by thrips and the true host being attacked by the wasps is unknown as well. Ashmead’s later reference to this species being present in New Zealand (Ashmead 1901 b: 287) is undoubtedly an error, as it repeats both the host and collector name from the description; D. frauenfeldi Schiner, 1868 is endemic to Australia. The species recorded in New Zealand under this name by Ward (2013) is S. houdiniae Magnacca, 2019 (Magnacca 2019).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41DFF8CFD86A85DFEC12954.taxon	discussion	Remarks Ashmead (1901 a) states that this was described from four specimens, but only three could be found at USNM. The specimen in the type collection is heavily damaged – the mesosoma is glued to a point, a gelatin vial contains the metasoma, and another vial in the tray presumably had the head but is empty. Two syntypes are in the regular collection (with type labels). One has the mouthparts obscured by glue, while the other has all characters clearly visible. The latter was used for description and measurements (the redescription and remarks are repeated here from Magnacca 2019), and is here designated as the lectotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41FFF8AFD55AB1EFACE29A1.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 0280896 B- 3 FFA- 431 A-B 030 - 2 F 1 C 26 A 3052 E Figs 23, 28	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41FFF8AFD55AB1EFACE29A1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Recognizable by the combination of nearly glabrous basal wing cells, strongly acute ocellar triangle, and head convex dorsally and long posterior of the eye (EV / HE ≥ 0.85, OOL / WOT ≥ 2.00). Closest to S. miltos sp. nov., differing in having the head less elongate posterior of the eye, cell 1 M more triangular, propodeum with a narrow median polished line, and head and body not so flattened.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41FFF8AFD55AB1EFACE29A1.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ aphelos ’, ‘ smooth’ or ‘ polished’, + ‘ ops ’, ‘ face’ or ‘ appearance’, referring to the smooth head of this species. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41FFF8AFD55AB1EFACE29A1.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; near Renmark, Calperum Station, Primary Site; 34.0542 ° S, 140.6194 ° E; elev. 50 m; 12 – 19 Feb. 2015; P. Cale leg.; Malaise trap, fire Jan. 2014, 850 m unburnt mallee in all directions; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 36596 - D 11, process ID GMASC 980 - 17, BIN ADL 9358; ANIC 32 - 154810. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • 1 ♀; Esperance; 33 ° 35 ′ S, 121 ° 46 ′ E; 28 Dec. 1994; R. B. and L. S. Kimsey leg.; ex Eucalyptus; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41FFF8AFD55AB1EFACE29A1.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more to moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining to nearly absent, polished. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly to very strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly smooth and polished, small area of fine microreticulation extending posteriorly from anteroventral eye margin. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent but with a very narrow, slightly raised, polished median line; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible dark basally, apical half reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M triangular, Rs connecting in the middle of the cell. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.09 mm; LM 1.07 mm; WH / LH 0.77; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.96; EV / WF 0.83; WF / HE 1.15; WH / WF 1.67; OOL / WOT 2.07; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.29; HFL / HFW 2.38; A 3 L / W 1.08; 2 R 1 L / W 2.86.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41FFF8AFD55AB1EFACE29A1.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia and Western Australia; known from two widely separated specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41FFF8AFD55AB1EFACE29A1.taxon	discussion	Remarks The paratype from Western Australia has the femora somewhat broader, but is otherwise identical.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D419FF88FD55ABADFB472911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4 FDC 4 C 8 B- 0438 - 4501 - 9 B 67 - C 8 FDD 045 B 9 EE Figs 24, 26	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D419FF88FD55ABADFB472911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Body distinctly flattened and head more or less flat dorsally and ventrally, differing from species of the compressa group in having frons much narrower and head more blocky in lateral view. Probably most closely related to S. scutula sp. nov., but that species has a distinctly different appearance, with the head elongate posterior of the eyes and quadrate in dorsal view. The reddish brown mandible and nearly glabrous basal wing cells also serve to distinguish it. The vertex crest is narrowly carinate between the lateral ocelli, another uncommon character not found in other flattened species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D419FF88FD55ABADFB472911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ apimelos ’, ‘ lean’, referring to the small size and thin body. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D419FF88FD55ABADFB472911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Northern Territory • ♀; 2 km S of Nourangie [sic: Nourlangie] Camp; 18 Nov. 1992; P. C. Dangerfield and J. Lloyd leg.; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D419FF88FD55ABADFB472911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more, or appearing impunctate (setae arising from shallow pits that are only visible at low angles). Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, nearly glabrous. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum evenly covered with short, anteriorly-directed setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape brown basally, otherwise nearly all yellow. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.11 mm; LM 0.63 mm; WH / LH 0.81; DH / LH 0.44; EV / HE 0.68; EV / WF 0.79; WF / HE 0.86; WH / WF 1.88; OOL / WOT 1.19; DM / LM 0.28; FL / FW 2.07; HFL / HFW 1.87; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.78.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D419FF88FD55ABADFB472911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Northern Territory; known only from the holotype, collected in Kakadu National Park.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41BFF86FD52ABDDFE502D13.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: AC 210 B 10 - F 045 - 4210 - 8 EDF- 6 E 58 BA 1 CF 85 F Figs 25 – 26	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41BFF86FD52ABDDFE502D13.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with a strongly compressed body and flat head, separated from the compressa group by the relatively long, quadrate head. Distinguished from other similar species by having the ocellar triangle strongly acute, basal wing cells nearly glabrous, and lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by less than their length.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41BFF86FD52ABDDFE502D13.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the type locality. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41BFF86FD52ABDDFE502D13.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Augustus Island CALM Site 26 / 1; 15 ° 25 ′ S, 124 ° 38 ′ E; 11 – 16 Jun. 1988; I. D. Naumann leg.; open forest; ANIC 32 - 154811. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Hwy 1, Townsville – Bowen; 30 Aug. 1986; E. A. Sugden leg.; [car net?]; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41BFF86FD52ABDDFE502D13.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, tinged with brown dorsally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.35 mm; LM 0.75 mm; WH / LH 0.77; DH / LH 0.41; EV / HE 1.03; EV / WF 1.03; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.87; OOL / WOT 2.33; DM / LM 0.30; FL / FW 2.17; HFL / HFW 2.04; A 3 L / W 0.80; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41BFF86FD52ABDDFE502D13.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia and Queensland; known from one specimen each.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D41BFF86FD52ABDDFE502D13.taxon	discussion	Remarks The paratype from the Queensland coast has the head slightly broader and OOL / WOT less, but is otherwise identical.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D415FF85FDA4AFDCFBD8287D.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 9 C 7 BC 5 B 1 - 5 CF 5 - 44 D 9 - AD 05 - 83445623 FC 7 B Figs 27 – 28	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D415FF85FDA4AFDCFBD8287D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a species complex with S. bicarinata sp. nov. and S. bifida sp. nov. based on the unique forked clypeal carina. Differing from those two closely-related species in many respects, most obviously the clypeal carinae widely separate, diverging abruptly at the base and more or less parallel; mandible convex on the apical half but not twisted; vein Rs not reaching wing margin, cell 2 R 1 open; and basal wing cells setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D415FF85FDA4AFDCFBD8287D.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ aulacis ’, ‘ furrow’, + ‘ frons ’, ‘ front’, referring to the grooved clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D415FF85FDA4AFDCFBD8287D.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Hat Head National Park, Hat Head; 31.063 ° S, 153.052 ° E; elev. 37 m; 20 – 27 Dec. 2012; P. Hebert leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 15786 - G 01, process ID AUSMA 313 - 14, BIN ACP 9760; ANIC 32 - 154812.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D415FF85FDA4AFDCFBD8287D.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a pair of subparallel low carinae, bounding a broad, shallow groove; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, more or less parallel-sided except at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression broad, shallow, V-shaped. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 3 – 5 each with two pairs of long erect setae, S 6 with one pair much longer than others. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell, or with intermediate setation. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.38 mm; LM 1.30 mm; WH / LH 0.92; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 0.37; EV / WF 0.40; WF / HE 0.94; WH / WF 1.83; OOL / WOT 1.41; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.69; HFL / HFW 1.74; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 3.07.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D415FF85FDA4AFDCFBD8287D.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected near the coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D416FF83FDA3AA66FD5A2911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 E 02 A 408 - B 40 B- 462 B- 9 A 7 F-EC 2555 D 38719 Figs 14, 29	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D416FF83FDA3AA66FD5A2911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a species pair with S. kimseyana sp. nov. in having the basal wing cells nearly glabrous, head somewhat compressed (DH / LH ~ 0.50), transverse propodeal carina present, and occipital margin narrowly carinate between the lateral ocelli. Differing in having the clypeus dorsally angulate or rounded rather than with a low sharp carina, greater OOL / WOT (1.44 vs 1.14), and narrower profemur.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D416FF83FDA3AA66FD5A2911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ badius ’, ‘ reddish brown’, + ‘ rostrum ’, ‘ nose’, referring to the brown clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D416FF83FDA3AA66FD5A2911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Poatina, Headrace Adit; 41 ° 49 ′ S, 146 ° 54 ′ E; 20 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154813.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D416FF83FDA3AA66FD5A2911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a rounded carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute or rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.71 mm; LM 0.92 mm; WH / LH 0.81; DH / LH 0.50; EV / HE 0.62; EV / WF 0.68; WF / HE 0.90; WH / WF 1.84; OOL / WOT 1.44; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 2.21; HFL / HFW 2.36; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 2.76.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D416FF83FDA3AA66FD5A2911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D410FF81FDADABDDFDF429D7.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 5 DD 7265 A- 0 C 42 - 4596 - 8 AF 5 - 002 F 90 DD 3457 Figs 28, 30	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D410FF81FDADABDDFDF429D7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a species complex with S. aulacifrons sp. nov. and S. bifida sp. nov. based on the unique forked clypeal carina. Differing from the former in many respects, including the clypeal carinae closely approximated, mandible strongly twisted on apical half, vein 2 R 1 reaching anterior wing margin, and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. Nearly identical to the latter, separated only by the smooth microsculpture of the head and clypeus more elongate in profile.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D410FF81FDADABDDFDF429D7.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the bifurcate clypeal carina.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D410FF81FDADABDDFDF429D7.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Lake George Range, 18 km N by W of Bungendore; 15 Feb. 1982; J. F. Lawrence and A. Calder leg.; on Xanthorrhoea australis; ANIC 32 - 154814. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Canberra; 5 Feb. 1930; M. Fuller leg.; ANIC • 1 ♀; Black Mountain; 6 Mar. 1930; F. Graham leg.; ANIC • 1 ♀; Black Mountain; 10 Mar. 1930; L. F. Graham leg.; ANIC. – New South Wales • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC. – South Australia • 1 ♀; Wanbi; Dec. 1977; R. Laughlin leg.; WARI aphid migration project; ANIC • 1 ♀; Brookfield Conservation Park; 34 ° 19 ′ S, 139 ° 30 ′ E; 4 – 20 Feb. 1992; J. Stelman and S. Williams leg.; Site 1 Malaise trap; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D410FF81FDADABDDFDF429D7.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process broad, elongate, semicircular at the apex, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a narrow ridge, bifurcating into a pair of low carinae beyond the antennae; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight or slightly curved, elongate, apex acute. Mandible broad, ventral margin slightly concave; strongly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about twice as long as flagellar width or more. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave, corners somewhat squared; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by greater than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly to weakly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture evenly, weakly microreticulate. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae elongate, twice as long as flagellar width or more. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Moderately shining with distinct microreticulation over all terga, T 4 – 6 punctate and conspicuously setose. S 3 – 5 each with two pairs of long erect setae, S 6 with one pair much longer than others. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.65 mm; LM 0.98 mm (0.94 – 1.16); WH / LH 0.87 (0.83 – 0.87); DH / LH 0.55 (0.52 – 0.56); EV / HE 0.69 (0.68 – 0.74); EV / WF 0.56 (0.56 – 0.63); WF / HE 1.23 (1.08 – 1.24); WH / WF 1.63 (1.58 – 1.67); OOL / WOT 1.24 (1.24 – 1.38); DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.15 (2.07 – 2.15); HFL / HFW 2.09 (2.08 – 2.17); A 3 L / W 1.00 (1.00 – 1.10); 2 R 1 L / W 2.33. N = 7.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D410FF81FDADABDDFDF429D7.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, and South Australia; probably also in Victoria, found widely across the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D412FF9FFD5AAB9BFB58283E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 138 D 001 C-F 62 E- 4 E 87 - A 337 - AF 9769501 A 29 Figs 20, 31	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D412FF9FFD5AAB9BFB58283E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis This odd species is difficult to key out with the usual characters, but is easily recognized by the combination of the clypeus evenly sloping in profile and occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of the lateral ocelli. The lateral ocelli are also slightly separate from the vertex crest, ocellar triangle strongly acute, head narrowed posterior of the eyes with the posterior corners strongly rounded off, and basal wing cells densely setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D412FF9FFD5AAB9BFB58283E.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the Bidawal, the Aboriginal people whose traditional land includes the area where the type was collected. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D412FF9FFD5AAB9BFB58283E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Growler Creek, Lind National Park; 26 Feb. 1980; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC 32 - 154815. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • 1 ♀; Cann Valley H’way, 7 km SW of NSW border; 25 Feb. 1980; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D412FF9FFD5AAB9BFB58283E.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical or very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally weakly carinate, or flat with a trace of a low carina; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex or nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and apex brown, middle flagellomeres brown dorsally and orange ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.48 mm; LM 0.76 mm; WH / LH 0.83; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.85; EV / WF 0.78; WF / HE 1.09; WH / WF 1.72; OOL / WOT 1.86; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.21; HFL / HFW 2.50; A 3 L / W 1.08; 2 R 1 L / W 2.80.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D412FF9FFD5AAB9BFB58283E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from two individuals collected close together in east Gippsland.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40CFF9DFD49AA20FC042889.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 960 AE 25 C- 755 C- 473 C-BBF 3 - CC 45556 F 98 FA Figs 32, 57	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40CFF9DFD49AA20FC042889.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a species complex with S. aulacifrons sp. nov. and S. bicarinata sp. nov. based on the unique forked clypeal carina. Differing from the former in many respects, including the clypeal carinae closely approximated, mandible strongly twisted on apical half, vein 2 R 1 reaching anterior wing margin, and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. Nearly identical to the latter, separated only by the coriaceous microsculpture of the head and clypeus shorter in profile, evenly curved.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40CFF9DFD49AA20FC042889.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ bifidus ’, ‘ split in two’, referring to the forked clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40CFF9DFD49AA20FC042889.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; 10 km W of Doodlakine; 31 ° 38 ′ S, 117 ° 48 ′ E; 30 Dec. 1994; L. S. and R. B. Kimsey leg.; ex Eucalyptus; UCDC 123003. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • 1 ♂; 20 km W of Esperance; 33 ° 43 ′ S, 121 ° 25 ′ E; 27 Dec. 1994; R. B. and L. S. Kimsey leg.; ex Eucalyptus; UCDC 122706.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40CFF9DFD49AA20FC042889.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process broad, elongate, semicircular at the apex, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a narrow ridge, bifurcating into a pair of low carinae beyond the antennae; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; strongly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length or slightly greater. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture evenly coriaceous. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae elongate, twice as long as flagellar width or more. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Moderately shining with distinct microreticulation over all terga, T 4 – 6 punctate and conspicuously setose. S 3 – 5 each with two pairs of long erect setae, S 6 with one pair much longer than others. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.84 mm; LM 1.11 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.55; EV / HE 0.67; EV / WF 0.58; WF / HE 1.16; WH / WF 1.62; OOL / WOT 1.43; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 2.16; HFL / HFW 2.23; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Clypeal process trapezoidal, apex truncate; carinae very narrowly separated. Frons punctation sparse on posterior half. Metasoma. Erect setae of S 6 only slightly longer than those of previous segments. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.61 mm; LM 0.89 mm; WH / LH 0.91; DH / LH 0.56; EV / HE 0.58; EV / WF 0.50; WF / HE 1.16; WH / WF; OOL / WOT 1.12; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.25; HFL / HFW 2.23; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.19.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40CFF9DFD49AA20FC042889.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known from two specimens taken in the southwest.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40EFF9BFD44AD75FAA32D1F.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: FCAC 887 D-BCCB- 4 F 7 E- 80 C 4 - EC 945 BF 8 E 8 AB Figs 28, 33	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40EFF9BFD44AD75FAA32D1F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the complex of species with the clypeus moderately large and quadrate, visibly parallel-sided or broadened beyond the antennae. Together with S. cuneata sp. nov., differing from all other Sierola in having the clypeus apically emarginate, divided into two rounded lobes. Easily distinguished from that species by having the clypeus rounded laterally rather than straight, and lacking lateral carinae. In addition, the lateral ocelli are separated from vertex crest by about their length; propodeal transverse carina is distinct; metasoma with faint but distinct microsculpture over all terga; and vein Rs reaches the anterior wing margin, closing cell 2 R 1.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40EFF9BFD44AD75FAA32D1F.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the unique form of the clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40EFF9BFD44AD75FAA32D1F.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; 9 km ESE of Taylorville; 34 ° 07 ′ S, 140 ° 04 ′ E; 12 Nov. 1987; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154816. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – South Australia • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC • 1 ♀; Morgan; 7 Nov. 1978; R. Laughlin leg.; WARI aphid migration project; ANIC • 1 ♂; Calpernum [sic: Calperum] Station Overflow Road km 2; 34.042 ° S, 140.7122 ° E; 10 Dec. 2011; P. Hebert leg.; BOLD: process ID AUSCL 533 - 12, BIN ABX 8962; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40EFF9BFD44AD75FAA32D1F.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process broad, elongate, rounded laterally, apex narrowly emarginate, forming two rounded lobes; dorsally with a distinct but narrow, sharp ridge raised slightly above the otherwise flat surface; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished, smooth, shining; in ventral view abruptly bent near base, distally straight. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture variable, evident but smooth and shining to finely microreticulate (rarely coriaceous with irregular longitudinal raised striae between eyes). Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture entirely smooth and polished. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga. S 3 – 5 each with two pairs of long erect setae, S 6 with one pair much longer than others. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.62 mm; LM 0.92 mm (0.88 – 0.95); WH / LH 0.75 (0.73 – 0.76); DH / LH 0.48 (0.45 – 0.48); EV / HE 0.59 (0.53 – 0.76); EV / WF 0.60 (0.56 – 0.66); WF / HE 0.98 (0.95 – 1.14); WH / WF 1.79 (1.67 – 1.80); OOL / WOT 1.50 (1.45 – 1.65); DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 2.26 (2.17 – 2.36); HFL / HFW 2.38 (2.32 – 2.38); A 3 L / W 1.00 (1.00 – 1.20); 2 R 1 L / W 2.64. N = 4. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Clypeus less deeply emarginate apically, not so prolonged in profile. Mandible parallel-sided. Malar space distinct, about 1 / 4 as long as mandible base. Frons mostly sparsely punctate, especially posteriorly. Head rounded shortly posterior of eyes. Metasoma. Erect setae of S 6 only slightly longer than those of previous segments. Color. Tibiae predominantly brown. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.39 mm; LM 0.75 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.45; EV / WF 0.47; WF / HE 0.96; WH / WF 1.83; OOL / WOT 1.22; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.41; HFL / HFW 2.63; A 3 L / W 1.25; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40EFF9BFD44AD75FAA32D1F.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known from several collections, all in a small area of the Murray River valley northeast of Adelaide.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40EFF9BFD44AD75FAA32D1F.taxon	discussion	Remarks The frons microsculpure is unusually variable. One specimen has peculiar raised longitudinal striae in addition to the normal microsculpture. It bears a striking resemblance to S. rufignatha Fullaway, 1920 from Oahu, and in several respects is more similar to the Hawaii species than others from Australia.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D408FF99FDA6AFC3FD372D74.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 6 A 5 BC 10 - B 58 A- 46 EC-AD 67 - AD 2 EED 08 DC 33 Figs 20, 34	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D408FF99FDA6AFC3FD372D74.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex dorsally and basal wing cells setose, distinguished from most others by the elongate, conspicuous vertex and gena setae. Closest to S. gingera sp. nov., separated by the deeper head, ocellar triangle right, with the lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest, and basal wing cells sparsely setose at least basally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D408FF99FDA6AFC3FD372D74.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the boggomoss environment in which this species was collected, a form of mound spring unique to the Taroom area. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D408FF99FDA6AFC3FD372D74.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Boggomoss 8 via Taroom; 25 ° 27 ′ S, 150 ° 02 ′ E; 12 Nov. 1996 – Jan. 1997; D. Cook and G. Monteith leg.; baited flight intercept 035; QM T 33419.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D408FF99FDA6AFC3FD372D74.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular or semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided or slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate to coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.62 mm; LM 0.91 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.57; EV / HE 0.56; EV / WF 0.50; WF / HE 1.13; WH / WF 1.68; OOL / WOT 1.19; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.17; HFL / HFW 1.77; A 3 L / W 0.90; 2 R 1 L / W 2.33.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D408FF99FDA6AFC3FD372D74.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40AFF97FDA7AF7EFAD22D2C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 9 AF 6417 - 412 B- 4 CFF-B 348 - 65039109481 B Figs 20, 35	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40AFF97FDA7AF7EFAD22D2C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the complex of species with the clypeus moderately large and quadrate, visibly parallel-sided beyond the antennae. Forming a species pair with S. allithoros sp. nov., united in having the frons very narrow (WF / HE ~ 0.8), clypeus with a low but distinct medial carina and broadly rounded apically rather than straight truncate or emarginate, vein Rs ending short of the anterior wing margin, and S 5 with a pair of elongate setae. Separated by having the mandible black and not twisted, propodeum with the median carina distinct, and femora all dark.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40AFF97FDA7AF7EFAD22D2C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ campanula ’, ‘ bell’, referring to the shape of the clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40AFF97FDA7AF7EFAD22D2C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Mt Billy Cons. Pk; 35 ° 27 ′ S, 138 ° 37 ′ E; 3 Nov. – 19 Dec. 2016; E. Fagan-Jeffries leg.; Malaise trap; SAMA. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Canberra, Cook, 8 Moss Street; 35.261 ° S, 149.0591 ° E; elev. 632 m; 19 Apr. 2011; P. Hebert, R. Labbee, V. Levesque-Beaudin, J. McCormick, J. Sones and J. Webb leg.; BOLD: process ID AACTA 5400 - 20, BIN AED 8633; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40AFF97FDA7AF7EFAD22D2C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a distinct but narrow, sharp ridge raised slightly above the otherwise flat surface; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible broad, not narrowed from base, ventral margin nearly straight; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view straight or nearly so. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separated from vertex crest by about their own length or slightly less. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of smooth tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina distinct; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 5 with a pair of long erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.47 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.72; DH / LH 0.47; EV / HE 0.67; EV / WF 0.81; WF / HE 0.82; WH / WF 2.06; OOL / WOT 1.94; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.87; HFL / HFW 2.08; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.89.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D40AFF97FDA7AF7EFAD22D2C.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia and Australian Capital Territory; known from two widely separated individuals.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D404FF95FDBEAFD7FE1E2D7F.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 34421 DD 1 - A 60 E- 47 ED-ABDF-B 460 A 6 C 90210 Figs 20, 36	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D404FF95FDBEAFD7FE1E2D7F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the basal wing cells setose and head convex dorsally, forming a species pair with S. cecidophila sp. nov. based on the black mandible, head long posterior of the eye (EV / HE ~ 1.00), and clypeus in profile high, blunt and recurved apically. Distinguished by having the head ventrally flat or very weakly convex, parallel-sided posterior of the eye, and narrower and more compressed (WH / LH ~ 0.71, DH / LH ~ 0.49).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D404FF95FDBEAFD7FE1E2D7F.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ kamptos ’, ‘ twisted’, + ‘ stegos ’, ‘ roof’, referring to the sinuate ridgeline of Mount Baker where the type was collected. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D404FF95FDBEAFD7FE1E2D7F.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Mt Barker near summit; Dec. 1985; A. D. Austin leg.; Acacia scrub, Malaise trap; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D404FF95FDBEAFD7FE1E2D7F.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex, or steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, weakly to distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex to nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.90 mm; LM 0.95 mm; WH / LH 0.71; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 1.03; EV / WF 0.95; WF / HE 1.07; WH / WF 1.67; OOL / WOT 1.82; DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 1.99; HFL / HFW 2.22; A 3 L / W 0.90; 2 R 1 L / W 2.78.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D404FF95FDBEAFD7FE1E2D7F.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected near Adelaide.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D404FF95FDBEAFD7FE1E2D7F.taxon	discussion	Remarks The unique type is missing the metasoma, but based on the appearance of the head and mandibles it is almost certainly a female.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D406FF93FD5BAF63FBE42EE0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 854 CB 438 - 3 CA 4 - 4744 - BABD-A 553 EE 444 B 9 B Figs 26, 37	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D406FF93FD5BAF63FBE42EE0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the megacephala group, with the head large and flat dorsally and ventrally, frons very broad, clypeus short with a low carina, and ocelli well removed from the vertex crest. Closely related to S. leeuwinensis and S. stipulata sp. nov. with the femora dark, head posterior of the eyes convex, and ocelli separated from the vertex by 2 – 3 ocellus lengths. Distinguished by the unusual mandible, abruptly constricted just beyond the articulation and then gradually broadened; it is also reddish brown, compared to black in the other two species. A similar form is found in S. kuranda sp. nov. and S. truncata sp. nov., but they appear to be unrelated.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D406FF93FD5BAF63FBE42EE0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ capitata ’, ‘ large-headed’.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D406FF93FD5BAF63FBE42EE0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 62 km W by S of Boulia; 23 ° 02 ′ S, 139 ° 18 ′ E; 16 Oct. 1978; J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC 32 - 154817.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D406FF93FD5BAF63FBE42EE0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile strongly arched, vertical or slightly recurved at apex, carina extending posterior of antennal sockets. Mandible moderately broad, constricted just past articulation, gradually broadened towards apex; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.89 mm; LM 0.92 mm; WH / LH 0.81; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 1.28; EV / WF 0.85; WF / HE 1.51; WH / WF 1.54; OOL / WOT 2.40; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.24; HFL / HFW 2.18; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.10.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D406FF93FD5BAF63FBE42EE0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the arid interior.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D400FFAEFDA7ACE3FBA02FAC.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 08 B 2 C 567 - 702 D- 457 B- 8272 - 79 C 7 F 638 F 775 Figs 38 – 39	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D400FFAEFDA7ACE3FBA02FAC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the basal wing cells glabrous and head convex dorsally, closest to S. kimseyana sp. nov. and S. lissonota sp. nov. in having the frons shining and weakly sculpted, malar space short, and clypeus evenly curved in profile. Separated from the former by the broad, polished median strip on the propodeum and lack of a carina between the lateral ocelli, and from the latter by the acute ocellar triangle (lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest), narrower head (WH / LH ≤ 0.86), and narrower metafemur (HFL / HFW ≥ 2.20).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D400FFAEFDA7ACE3FBA02FAC.taxon	etymology	Etymology A specimen bearing this unpublished manuscript name from Cameron is housed at NHMUK. To minimize confusion I have retained this name even though the species has a weak clypeal carina compared to most species of Sierola.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D400FFAEFDA7ACE3FBA02FAC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; 31 km NW of Renmark; 33 ° 59 ′ S, 140 ° 30 ′ E; 5 Sep. – 12 Oct. 1995; K. R. Pullen leg.; flight intercept / pitfall trap; ANIC 32 - 154818. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Canberra; 20 Apr. 1948; E. F. Riek leg.; ANIC. – South Australia • 1 ♀; Brookfield Conservation Park; 34 ° 21 ′ S, 139 ° 31 ′ E; 12 Sep. – 20 Oct. 1991; J. Stelman and S. Williams leg.; F. T. T ANIC 1206 mallee # 2; ANIC. – Victoria • 1 ♀; Victoria; P. Cameron leg.; 1914 – 110 [left specimen on card]; NHMUK 13379653.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D400FFAEFDA7ACE3FBA02FAC.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a rounded carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute or rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body dark brown to black, with a pale spot on propodeum. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black to reddish brown. Legs all yellow except dorsal margins of femora tinged with brown, or coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae dark brown, trochanters, tarsi, and bands at bases and apices of tibiae orange. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.86 mm; LM 1.00 mm (0.92 – 1.05); WH / LH 0.81 (0.77 – 0.82); DH / LH 0.52 (0.50 – 0.55); EV / HE 0.40 (0.40 – 0.45); EV / WF 0.54 (0.54 – 0.61); WF / HE 0.74 (0.70 – 0.74); WH / WF 2.11 (2.11 – 2.17); OOL / WOT 1.00 (0.96 – 1.13); DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.81 (1.81 – 2.00); HFL / HFW 2.39 (2.35 – 2.39); A 3 L / W 1.48 (1.33 – 1.48); 2 R 1 L / W 2.88. N = 4.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D400FFAEFDA7ACE3FBA02FAC.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria, Australian Capital Territory, and South Australia; probably also occurring in New South Wales. Rare but widely distributed in the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D400FFAEFDA7ACE3FBA02FAC.taxon	discussion	Remarks The four specimens on hand represent two distinct color morphs – a darker eastern one with the mandible, coxae, and femora dark brown to black, and propodeum concolorous (Victoria, ACT, and presumably New South Wales), and a paler western one with the mandible orange, legs almost entirely yellow, and propodeum with a basal pale spot (South Australia). However, I am not able to find any structural differences between them other than a slight difference in the narrowing of the mandible and width of the profemur (stronger and broader respectively in the SA population). Therefore, I am tentatively considering them a single species. The NHMUK specimen originally labelled with the name Sierola carinifrons (the left of two specimens mounted on one card; the other is a different species) is designated as a paratype rather than the holotype, but is of the same form as the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43DFFADFD5AAC56FBAD299A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: BC 1 BE 096 - E 2 C 3 - 485 E-A 092 - 4691 F 4 AE 469 F Figs 40 – 41	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43DFFADFD5AAC56FBAD299A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the ficicola species group, with the head flat dorsally, moderately narrow and compressed, frons narrow, and antenna short. Closest to S. ficicola sp. nov., joined in having the lateral ocelli somewhat close to the vertex crest which is not carinate posterior of the ocelli; separated by the black mandible and more compressed head (DH / LH ~ 0.48), sparsely setose ventrally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43DFFADFD5AAC56FBAD299A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ carruca ’, ‘ a four-wheeled carriage’, referring to the collection of this species using a car net. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43DFFADFD5AAC56FBAD299A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Hwy 1 Townsville – Bowen; 30 Aug. 1986; E. A. Sugden leg.; car net; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43DFFADFD5AAC56FBAD299A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, more or less parallel-sided or slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.17 mm; LM 0.60 mm; WH / LH 0.75; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 1.08; EV / WF 1.10; WF / HE 0.98; WH / WF 1.85; OOL / WOT 1.86; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.07; A 3 L / W 0.85; 2 R 1 L / W 2.23.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43DFFADFD5AAC56FBAD299A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected along the northern coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43EFFABFDB5AA45FC152AA9.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 012 C 42 E 4 - 5 CA 4 - 4041 - B 842 - B 96 DB 5 C 3 EA 7 A Figs 39, 42	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43EFFABFDB5AA45FC152AA9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a distinct complex of species with the head moderately deep and somewhat short posterior to the eyes (head deepest on a line through the eye in lateral view), clypeus evenly curved in profile, mandible reddish brown to orange, and basal wing cells densely setose. Easily separated from related species by the unusual mandible, broadest near the middle and narrowing apically (ventral margin sinuate in frontal view) and strongly elbowed in ventral view. The ocellar triangle is also strongly obtuse.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43EFFABFDB5AA45FC152AA9.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ kathetos ’, ‘ perpendicular’, + ‘ gnathos ’, ‘ jaw’, referring to the bent mandible. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43EFFABFDB5AA45FC152AA9.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Indooroopilly; 22 Nov. 1979; G. Gordh leg.; UCRC 556772.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43EFFABFDB5AA45FC152AA9.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed just beyond base and broadened medially, apex slightly narrowed; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly; in ventral view strongly elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with small, indistinct teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible orange. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.20 mm; LM 0.65 mm; WH / LH 0.90; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.40; EV / WF 0.44; WF / HE 0.93; WH / WF 1.79; OOL / WOT 0.79; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.05; HFL / HFW 2.28; A 3 L / W 1.20; 2 R 1 L / W 2.93.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43EFFABFDB5AA45FC152AA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected near Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D438FFA9FD42AB55FBD82A22.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 52 B 12474 - 5 A 01 - 43 FC-BD 6 A- 87 E 0 E 691 A 49 B Figs 39, 43	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D438FFA9FD42AB55FBD82A22.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the kalarku species group, with the mandible strongly twisted and shiny, head more or less triangular in dorsal view, vertex slightly concave, frons microsculpture smooth, clypeus without any trace of a carina, and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. Distinguished from related species by the combination of the clypeus flat, malar space very small, propodeum lacking a polished area, metafemur very broad (HFL / HFW ≤ 2.00), and vein Rs not reaching the anterior wing margin.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D438FFA9FD42AB55FBD82A22.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ causia ’, ‘ hat’, referring to the type locality. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D438FFA9FD42AB55FBD82A22.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Hat Head; 31.0626 ° S, 153.052 ° E; elev. 37 m; 4 – 18 Feb. 2018; P. Hebert leg.; Malaise trap, trap # 4; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 37616 - F 05, process ID NSWHO 4886 - 18, BIN ADV 5989; ANIC 32 - 154819.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D438FFA9FD42AB55FBD82A22.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave, slightly narrowed again at apex; strongly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of smooth tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture smooth and polished posterolaterally, finely microreticulate ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow-brown. Mandible black, reddish at apex before teeth. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.45 mm; LM 0.77 mm; WH / LH 0.89; DH / LH 0.54; EV / HE 0.39; EV / WF 0.43; WF / HE 0.90; WH / WF 1.86; OOL / WOT 1.19; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.80; HFL / HFW 1.74; A 3 L / W 0.91; 2 R 1 L / W 3.24.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D438FFA9FD42AB55FBD82A22.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected near the coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43AFFA7FDA4A82DFCA22A37.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1857896 B-E 06 E- 479 C-ACB 4 - 28838 E 6 FE 9 E 3 Figs 39, 44	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43AFFA7FDA4A82DFCA22A37.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the basal wing cells setose and head convex dorsally, forming a species pair with S. camptostega sp. nov. based on the black mandible, head long posterior of the eye (EV / HE ~ 1.00), and clypeus in profile high, blunt and recurved apically. Distinguished by having the head distinctly convex ventrally, slightly broadened posterior of the eye, and broader and deeper (WH / LH ~ 0.79, DH / LH ~ 0.54).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43AFFA7FDA4A82DFCA22A37.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ kekidos ’, ‘ gall’, + ‘ phila ’, ‘ loving’, referring to the rearing of the holotype from a gall.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43AFFA7FDA4A82DFCA22A37.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Kew; 10 Aug. 1958; ex galls Acacia mollissima, emerged 20 Aug. 1958; MVMA HYM- 86588.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43AFFA7FDA4A82DFCA22A37.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep, recurved at apex. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous to dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head broadening posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose, or sparsely setose basally with cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.89 mm; LM 1.00 mm; WH / LH 0.79; DH / LH 0.54; EV / HE 1.00; EV / WF 0.91; WF / HE 1.10; WH / WF 1.73; OOL / WOT 1.86; DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 1.93; HFL / HFW 2.22; A 3 L / W 0.91; 2 R 1 L / W 2.45.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43AFFA7FDA4A82DFCA22A37.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from the holotype, collected in Melbourne.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D43AFFA7FDA4A82DFCA22A37.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species and S. camptostega sp. nov. are clearly closely related and may be conspecific. They are primarily separated by the dimensions and subtle shape characters of the head, which are typically outside that normally seen in a single species, but could be representatives of two extremes of a variable taxon. For the time being I prefer to keep them separate.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D434FFA5FD41A838FB092AB2.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: F 1427 C 81 - 55 AB- 46 D 5 - B 8 A 3 - A 1 E 6582 FE 0 C 5 Figs 39, 45	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D434FFA5FD41A838FB092AB2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A very unusual and distinctive species, with the head compressed and convex dorsally and concave ventrally, thus appearing to be curved but of more or less even thickness along its length in lateral view. The clypeus is somewhat high and steeply curved, and the basal wing cells moderately setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D434FFA5FD41A838FB092AB2.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ cernuus ’, ‘ nodding’ or ‘ drooping’, referring to the head being bent ventrad anteriorly.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D434FFA5FD41A838FB092AB2.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; 12 km SE of Merrijig, Howqua River; 30 Nov. 1971; Neboiss leg.; MVMA HYM- 86586. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; MVMA HYM- 86587.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D434FFA5FD41A838FB092AB2.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more, or moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible concave in lateral view (mandibles directed somewhat ventrad giving appearance of being more strongly curved anteriorly), nearly glabrous. Genal angle present posteriorly, not prominent, head relatively flat. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose or with intermediate setation. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.57 mm; LM 0.89 mm; WH / LH 0.79; DH / LH 0.39; EV / HE 0.94; EV / WF 0.79; WF / HE 1.18; WH / WF 1.62; OOL / WOT 1.67; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.42; A 3 L / W 1.20; 2 R 1 L / W 2.79.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D434FFA5FD41A838FB092AB2.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from the type collection, from the eastern mountains.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D434FFA5FD41A838FB092AB2.taxon	discussion	Remarks This remarkable species does not have any similar relatives among known taxa in the genus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D436FFA3FD51A8BDFDEA291C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 48 AD 0 B 2 A- 3 CDF- 4675 - BE 55 - 520 B 97 B 93 B 7 C Figs 39, 46	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D436FFA3FD51A8BDFDEA291C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis An aberrant member of the kalarku species group, with the mandible strongly twisted and shiny, frons microsculpture smooth, clypeus flat without any trace of a carina, and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. Immediately distinguished by the convex vertex crest in dorsal view, with the posterior corners of the head almost evenly curved between the posterior corners of each eye. In addition, the propodeum has a polished basal triangle extending only 1 / 3 distance to the declivity, and vein Rs does not reach the anterior wing margin.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D436FFA3FD51A8BDFDEA291C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ circularis ’, ‘ round’, referring to the shape of the head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D436FFA3FD51A8BDFDEA291C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Boggomoss No. 3; 25 ° 26 ′ S, 150 ° 01 ′ E; 11 Nov. 1996 – Jan. 1997; P. Lawless leg.; pitfall trap 093; QM T 33426. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Boggomoss 3 via Taroom; 25 ° 26 ′ S, 150 ° 01 ′ E; 12 Nov. 1996 – Jan. 1997; D. Cook and G. Monteith leg.; pitfall trap 042; QM T 33425.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D436FFA3FD51A8BDFDEA291C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to trapezoidal, apex truncate; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible very narrow, including at base; strongly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view slightly convex, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture shining and faintly reticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible dark basally, apical half orange. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.19 mm; LM 0.64 mm; WH / LH 0.85; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.61; EV / WF 0.61; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.84; OOL / WOT 1.39; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.08; HFL / HFW 2.09; A 3 L / W 1.11; 2 R 1 L / W 3.57.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D436FFA3FD51A8BDFDEA291C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from two specimens collected at the same boggomoss in the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D436FFA3FD51A8BDFDEA291C.taxon	discussion	Remarks The collection of both specimens of this species in pitfall traps, in an unusual habitat, suggests it attacks a ground-dwelling caterpillar.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D430FFA1FD40ABC6FD2629E0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 126 BAE 7 - 3 DD 5 - 462 B- 8328 - 5 E 85 AAD 82 AE 2 Figs 39, 47	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D430FFA1FD40ABC6FD2629E0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Related to the cuneata species group with the frons narrow, basal wing cells glabrous to sparsely setose, and clypeus somewhat elongate, with a low carina dorsally and evenly sloping in profile. Immediately separated from all other species by the fine carinulae radiating from the base of the clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D430FFA1FD40ABC6FD2629E0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ cirratus ’, ‘ fringed’, referring to the array of small carinae around the clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D430FFA1FD40ABC6FD2629E0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Upper Clayton Gully, near Cunningham’s Gap; elev. 400 – 600 m; 25 Apr. 1974; I. Naumann leg.; sweeping long grass; wet sclerophyll forest; QM T 262154.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D430FFA1FD40ABC6FD2629E0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular to trapezoidal, apex rounded; dorsally with a low, elongate medial carina, laterally microreticulate with irregular carinae; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible narrow to moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black to reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.32 mm; LM 0.70 mm; WH / LH 0.70; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 0.59; EV / WF 0.74; WF / HE 0.79; WH / WF 1.93; OOL / WOT 1.18; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.05; HFL / HFW 2.17; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 3.31.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D430FFA1FD40ABC6FD2629E0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the southeast near the border with New South Wales.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D430FFA1FD40ABC6FD2629E0.taxon	discussion	Remarks The basal wing cells each appear to have a single row of setae, but it is close to the anterior margin of the cells so they may appear mostly glabrous.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D432FFBCFD5FABE2FEDF2AE7.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 433 FE 20 D- 3 EF 0 - 433 D-BAEF-FD 8098 E 9 B 552 Figs 48 – 49	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D432FFBCFD5FABE2FEDF2AE7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the complex of species with the clypeus moderately large and quadrate, visibly parallel-sided beyond the antennae. Distinguished from most others by having the clypeus basally raised in a narrow, convex ridge, neither carinate nor entirely flat to the base. Separated from the similar, sympatric S. clavicula sp. nov. by having the clypeal basomedian ridge short, apical portion of clypeus flat and polished; head narrower and more quadrate in dorsal view, parallel-sided immediately posterior of the eyes; vein Rs reaching wing margin, cell 2 R 1 closed; and the propodeum with a broad polished median strip from base to declivity.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D432FFBCFD5FABE2FEDF2AE7.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the apparent host, Clania lewinii (Westwood, 1855) (Lepidoptera: Psychidae; recorded as C. tenuis Rosenstock, 1885).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D432FFBCFD5FABE2FEDF2AE7.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Ballarat; 9 Apr. 1954; E. F. Riek leg.; ANIC 32 - 154820. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Black Mountain; 2 Jun. 1931; L. F. Graham leg.; ANIC • 1 ♀; Canberra; 18 Jan. 1980; D. F. Rentz leg.; ex swimming pool; ANIC. – New South Wales • 3 ♀♀; Royalla; 21 Mar. 1961; D. H. Colless leg.; ANIC • 1 ♀; Lake George Range, 18 km N by W of Bungendore; 15 Feb. 1982; J. F. Lawrence and A. Calder leg.; on Xanthorrhoea australis; ANIC. – South Australia • 1 ♀; Mt Lofty Rgs; N. B. Tindale leg.; SAMA 32 - 42903. – Victoria • 1 ♀; 18 km NW by N of Omeo; 28 Feb. 1980; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; on moth Clania tenuis; P. Cameron leg. 1914 – 110; NHMUK 13379657.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D432FFBCFD5FABE2FEDF2AE7.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process quadrate, apex broadly rounded or truncate; dorsally with a rounded carina dorsally, effaced towards apex (broadened apical portion flat); in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, or nearly absent, polished. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum narrowly glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown to orange. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae dark brown, trochanters, tarsi, and bands at bases and apices of tibiae orange. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.96 mm; LM 1.00 mm (0.76 – 1.03); WH / LH 0.78 (0.76 – 0.80); DH / LH 0.52 (0.52 – 0.54); EV / HE 0.65 (0.56 – 0.67); EV / WF 0.60 (0.57 – 0.64); WF / HE 1.08 (0.98 – 1.13); WH / WF 1.74 (1.70 – 1.81); OOL / WOT 1.28 (1.28 – 1.44); DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.90 (1.83 – 2.04); HFL / HFW 2.38 (2.21 – 2.38); A 3 L / W 1.43 (1.25 – 1.43); 2 R 1 L / W 2.67. N = 9.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D432FFBCFD5FABE2FEDF2AE7.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales, Victoria, Australian Capital Territory, and South Australia. Widely distributed in the southeast and relatively common.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D432FFBCFD5FABE2FEDF2AE7.taxon	discussion	Remarks Cameron labelled the NHMUK specimens Sierola claniae but never published the name. I have kept the name to avoid confusion, though neither of those (both mounted on one card) are designated as the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42FFFBAFD55A8EBFB1429F5.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: F 0 B 3 DD 68 - C 254 - 4449 - A 666 - 5 D 14 A 7 A 67 DA 2 Figs 49 – 50	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42FFFBAFD55A8EBFB1429F5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the complex of species with the clypeus moderately large and quadrate, visibly parallel-sided beyond the antennae. Distinguished from most others by having the clypeus basally raised in a narrow, convex ridge, neither carinate nor entirely flat to the base. Separated from the similar, sympatric S. claniae sp. nov. by having the clypeal ridge extending to the apex, the entire clypeus dull and microreticulate; head broader and more circular in dorsal view, narrowed immediately posterior of eyes; vein Rs not reaching the wing margin, cell 2 R 1 open; and propodeum lacking a median polished area.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42FFFBAFD55A8EBFB1429F5.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ clavicula ’, ‘ key’, referring to the round head with a projecting clypeus appearing like a keyhole in dorsal view. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42FFFBAFD55A8EBFB1429F5.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Canberra, Cook, 8 Moss Street; 35.261 ° S, 149.0591 ° E; elev. 632 m; 30 Oct. 2010; C. Carr, S. Kirk, J. McCormick, R. Rougerie and J. Sones leg.; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 00859 - F 11, process ID HYAS 252 - 11, BIN AAY 6880; ANIC 32 - 154821. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; BOLD: process ID AACTA 5403 - 20, BIN AAY 6880; ANIC. – New South Wales • 1 ♀; 7.5 km NE of Bilpin, Blue Mts; 23 Oct. 1982; N. W. Rodd leg.; AM K. 628963 • 1 ♀; Cockburn River Camp; 31.0522 ° S, 151.1441 ° E; elev. 461 m; 10 Dec. 2019; J. B. Dorey leg.; sweeping Brachychiton, sclerophyll forest; BPBM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42FFFBAFD55A8EBFB1429F5.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process quadrate, apex truncate; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible broad, ventral margin slightly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 5 each with two pairs of long erect setae, S 6 with one pair much longer than others. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible dark basally, apical half reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, basal half of protibia brown, apical half yellow, meso- and metatibiae yellowish tinged with brown, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.75 mm; LM 1.42 mm (1.07 – 1.42); WH / LH 0.84 (0.84 – 0.89); DH / LH 0.49 (0.49 – 0.53); EV / HE 0.45 (0.37 – 0.45); EV / WF 0.45 (0.38 – 0.46); WF / HE 1.01 (0.97 – 1.01); WH / WF 1.76 (1.76 – 1.82); OOL / WOT 1.27 (0.98 – 1.27); DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.95 (1.91 – 2.06); HFL / HFW 2.39 (2.21 – 2.43); A 3 L / W 1.51 (1.35 – 1.51); 2 R 1 L / W 2.89. N = 4.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42FFFBAFD55A8EBFB1429F5.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory; known from four specimens, all recent.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D429FFB8FD40ABFEFB83287C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 0 D 6 F 58 D 2 - 08 B 0 - 42 B 0 - A 3 A 1 - 032 D 80245841 Figs 41, 51	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D429FFB8FD40ABFEFB83287C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the longifacies species group, characterized by the very narrow, compressed head (WH / LH 0.67 – 0.68), flat dorsally and long posterior to the eyes, short clypeus, short antenna (hardly reaching past the head), lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest, and ocellar triangle strongly acute. Separated from similar species by having the head moderately deep for the group, DH / LH ≥ 0.47, mandible not twisted, clypeal carina prolonged posteriorly beyond the antennal sockets, vertex straight in dorsal view, ocellar triangle about equilateral rather than more elongate, lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by about their diameter, and basal wing cells setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D429FFB8FD40ABFEFB83287C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ collinus ’, ‘ hilly’, referring to the type locality in the foothills of the Iron Range.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D429FFB8FD40ABFEFB83287C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 9 km W by N of Mt Tozer; 12 ° 44 ′ S, 143 ° 08 ′ E; 30 Jun. – 7 Jul. 1986; J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise trap / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154822. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Heathlands dump; 11 ° 45 ′ S, 142 ° 35 ′ E; 22 Mar. – 25 Apr. 1992; T. McLeod leg.; Malaise # 2, open forest; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 25 Apr. – 7 Jun. 1992; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D429FFB8FD40ABFEFB83287C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, prolonged posteriorly well beyond antennal sockets to about 1 / 3 eye height; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible broad, not narrowed from base, ventral margin nearly straight; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, those on S 5 – 6 about twice as long as preceding. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing with intermediate setation, each with two complete rows and a few additional setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.51 mm; LM 0.82 mm (0.70 – 0.82); WH / LH 0.67 (0.67 – 0.68); DH / LH 0.49 (0.49 – 0.50); EV / HE 1.14 (1.06 – 1.17); EV / WF 1.25 (1.21 – 1.25); WF / HE 0.91 (0.88 – 0.95); WH / WF 1.91 (1.84 – 1.93); OOL / WOT 2.44 (2.44 – 2.47); DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 2.00 (2.00 – 2.15); HFL / HFW 2.18 (2.18 – 2.29); A 3 L / W 1.08 (0.92 – 1.08); 2 R 1 L / W 2.69. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D429FFB8FD40ABFEFB83287C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from three specimens collected on the Cape York Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42BFFB6FDABAA66FD492808.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: CCC 92 E 54 - 7735 - 4 FE 6 - 81 FC- 9940 FBC 348 D 7 Figs 49, 52	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42BFFB6FDABAA66FD492808.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the ficicola species group, with the head flat dorsally, moderately narrow and compressed, frons narrow, and antenna short. Nearly identical to S. adelaidensis sp. nov., together distinguished from others by having the vertex narrowly carinate between the lateral ocelli and mandible strongly convex outwardly, the second ventral tooth prominent. Separated by the shorter, truncate clypeus, the more ventrally concave mandible, and head longer posterior of the eye.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42BFFB6FDABAA66FD492808.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ comparatus ’, ‘ comparing between two things’, referring to the close similarity between the two relatively widely separated collecting areas.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42BFFB6FDABAA66FD492808.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Deddick River, 2 km WSW of Deddick; 37 ° 05 ′ S, 148 ° 27 ′ E; 3 Dec. 1985; A. L. Yen, M. S. Harvey and P. K. Lillywhite leg.; beat sample; MVMA HYM- 86621. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • 1 ♀; Eastern Freeway Extension Survey Site # 8; 7 Sep. 1989; P. Lillywhite and K. Ebert leg.; beat sample: Acacia mearnsii, 8 / 5; MVMA HYM- 86603.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42BFFB6FDABAA66FD492808.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with second ventral tooth largest. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow-brown. Mandible black. Legs all brown. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing with intermediate setation, each with two complete rows and a few additional setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.90 mm; LM 0.97 mm; WH / LH 0.74; DH / LH 0.53; EV / HE 1.06; EV / WF 1.02; WF / HE 1.05; WH / WF 1.72; OOL / WOT 1.96; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 1.97; HFL / HFW 2.09; A 3 L / W 0.88; 2 R 1 L / W 2.60.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42BFFB6FDABAA66FD492808.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known from two specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D42BFFB6FDABAA66FD492808.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. adelaidensis sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D425FFB4FDAAAACBFBAC29B6.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 4 F 641 AC- 5 DFF- 479 E- 8930 - AB 570 FD 4 D 22 C Figs 49, 53	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D425FFB4FDAAAACBFBAC29B6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Namesake of the compressa group, characterized by the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, head moderately long posterior of the eyes, and basal wing cells sparsely to densely setose. Distinguished from related species by the strongly acute ocellar triangle and clypeus recurved ventrally in profile. The frons is also very dull with a velvety appearance, different from the granular sculpture of others.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D425FFB4FDAAAACBFBAC29B6.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the extremely flattened body.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D425FFB4FDAAAACBFBAC29B6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; near Westcott Plain, Bunya Mts National Park; 26 ° 52 ′ S, 151 ° 34 ′ E; 6 – 7 Oct. 1984; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154823.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D425FFB4FDAAAACBFBAC29B6.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, obliquely truncate subapically, with dorsal tooth broad but short, on dorsal surface, indistinct, three ventral teeth pointed and equal. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture microreticulate and extremely dull, velvety. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dull yellow. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.90 mm; LM 1.01 mm; WH / LH 0.91; DH / LH 0.37; EV / HE 1.00; EV / WF 0.72; WF / HE 1.38; WH / WF 1.53; OOL / WOT 2.08; DM / LM 0.29; FL / FW 1.94; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 0.91; 2 R 1 L / W 2.28.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D425FFB4FDAAAACBFBAC29B6.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the Bunya Mountains.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D427FFB2FD56ABB8FD60282A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 088 D 91 DF- 5722 - 4 D 8 E- 9351 - E 894 D 0 F 6 C 931 Figs 14, 54	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D427FFB2FD56ABB8FD60282A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between with a low carina, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. United with S. contracta sp. nov., S. paracontracta sp. nov., S. parallela sp. nov., S. pericontracta sp. nov., and S. subcontracta sp. nov. in having the long setae brown, scrobal carinae converging but not fused, clypeus apically with a flat-topped ridge, and vein Rs ending short of the anterior wing margin. Forming a well-defined group with S. paracontracta and S. parallela, distinguished by the strongly obtuse ocellar triangle and carinate occipital margin; separated from the former by the more strongly downcurved clypeus, from the latter by the slightly narrower clypeal ridge, and from both by the hyaline fore wing.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D427FFB2FD56ABB8FD60282A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ confectus ’, ‘ completed’ or ‘ assembled’, referring to the discovery of this species late in preparation of this manuscript as the ‘ missing piece’ Southeastern representative of the contracta subgroup.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D427FFB2FD56ABB8FD60282A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Shoalhaven River 30 km W of Nowra; 25 Dec. 1986; G. A. Holloway leg.; AM K. 628964.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D427FFB2FD56ABB8FD60282A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex broadly rounded; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a sharp carina on anterior face; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, close punctures, mostly about 1 pit width apart. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Moderately shining with distinct microreticulation over all terga, T 4 – 6 punctate and conspicuously setose. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M elongate triangular, posterodistal corner extended into a point. Distal portion of vein Rs short, weakly curved, remote from wing margin (traceable to margin as a fold in certain lights). MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.48 mm; LM 0.79 mm; WH / LH 0.85; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.40; EV / WF 0.44; WF / HE 0.90; WH / WF 1.78; OOL / WOT 0.98; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 1.83; HFL / HFW 2.14; A 3 L / W 1.08; 2 R 1 L / W 2.65.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D427FFB2FD56ABB8FD60282A.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D427FFB2FD56ABB8FD60282A.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. parallela sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D421FFB0FD5BAAD5FE902F36.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 0 F 175 AEC-E 96 C- 44 FB- 82 D 6 - 7458 CAC 3 D 604 Figs 49, 55	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D421FFB0FD5BAAD5FE902F36.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the longifacies species group, characterized by the very narrow, compressed head, somewhat flat dorsally and long posterior to the eyes, short clypeus, short antenna (hardly reaching past the head), lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest, and ocellar triangle strongly acute. Separated from similar species by having the head relatively deep for the group, DH / LH 0.52, mandible slightly twisted, clypeal carina not prolonged posteriorly above the antennal sockets, vertex slightly concave in dorsal view, ocellar triangle very strongly acute, lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by about their diameter, and basal wing cells setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D421FFB0FD5BAAD5FE902F36.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ confinis ’, ‘ bordering’, from the collection of the type series in the Border Ranges between Queensland and New South Wales.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D421FFB0FD5BAAD5FE902F36.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Lever’s Plateau, via Rathdowney; elev. 640 – 670 m; 1 Nov. 1975; I. Naumann leg.; sweeping low vegetation in rainforest; QM T 262155. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D421FFB0FD5BAAD5FE902F36.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 5 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose, or sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.89 mm; LM 0.95 mm; WH / LH 0.66; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 1.29; EV / WF 1.25; WF / HE 1.03; WH / WF 1.72; OOL / WOT 2.24; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.03; HFL / HFW 2.09; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.70.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D421FFB0FD5BAAD5FE902F36.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland, undoubtedly also occurs in New South Wales; known only from two specimens collected together.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D421FFB0FD5BAAD5FE902F36.taxon	discussion	Remarks The holotype has the basal wing cells distinctly more densely setose than the paratype, particularly at the apex of R.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D423FF4FFD50AD39FD392985.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 20 D 6 B 5 E 0 - 2 B 46 - 4793 - A 610 - 35 F 52782262 F Figs 56 – 57	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D423FF4FFD50AD39FD392985.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between with a low carina, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. United with S. confecta sp. nov., S. paracontracta sp. nov., S. parallela sp. nov., S. pericontracta sp. nov., and S. subcontracta sp. nov. in having the long setae brown, scrobal carinae converging but not fused, clypeus apically with a flat-topped ridge, and vein Rs ending short of the anterior wing margin. Separated from the first four by the narrower head (WH / LH ~ 0.80) with posterior corners strongly rounded off, flat portion of the anterior clypeus distinct and rather broad, and frons punctation sparser posterior of the eyes with much longer setae (setae about twice as long as the medial flagellum width); and from the last by the low carina on the anterior frons, mandible entirely black, and fore wing evenly tinged with yellow.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D423FF4FFD50AD39FD392985.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ contractus ’, ‘ narrowed’, referring to the clypeal margins converging but not meeting in a sharp carina.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D423FF4FFD50AD39FD392985.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; New Beach 24 mi. S of Carnarvon; 7 Oct. 1969; H. Evans and R. W. Matthews leg.; UCRC 537324.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D423FF4FFD50AD39FD392985.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex truncate; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a flat ridge on anterior face, antennal scrobes carinate; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about twice as long as flagellar width or more. Frons with shallow punctures, dense near antennae, 2 – 3 pit widths apart posterior of midpoint of eyes. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae elongate, twice as long as flagellar width or more. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of long erect black setae near posterior margin. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna all brown except scape pale on apical third. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.44 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.80; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.40; EV / WF 0.50; WF / HE 0.79; WH / WF 1.86; OOL / WOT 0.83; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 1.75; HFL / HFW 1.93; A 3 L / W 1.06; 2 R 1 L / W 3.50.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D423FF4FFD50AD39FD392985.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype, collected on the central west coast near Shark Bay.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D423FF4FFD50AD39FD392985.taxon	discussion	Remarks The species of this complex are largely allopatric, but so far each is only known from a single specimen. See also Remarks under S. parallela sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DCFF4DFDB7AA4EFBA52994.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4 AF 29 CCD-AD 74 - 44 C 4 - 8398 - CAD 67 D 5 A 969 D Figs 49, 58	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DCFF4DFDB7AA4EFBA52994.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the basal wing cells sparsely setose, mandible black, and head convex dorsally, forming a species pair with S. sinuata sp. nov., united by the unusual sinuate mandible (bent mesally near the base to form an outward concavity, apical half convex and swollen). Distinguished by the stripe of modified sculpture on the median frons (cellules greatly elongated, distinctly different from the round cellules of the rest of the head), head dorsally more strongly convex, lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest, legs mostly yellow with the femora tinged brown, and in the head dimensions.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DCFF4DFDB7AA4EFBA52994.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ koryne ’, ‘ club’, + gnathos ’, ‘ jaw’, referring to the apically swollen mandible. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DCFF4DFDB7AA4EFBA52994.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Mundubbera; May 2000; C. Freebairn leg.; Malaise trap; UCRC 154014.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DCFF4DFDB7AA4EFBA52994.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; bent inwards and conspicuously concave externally just past base, apical half outwardly convex and slightly swollen, outwardly coriaceous in median concavity, polished at base, apex somewhat shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view sinuate. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with relatively regular, moderately close punctures, 1 – 2 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture dull, granular (with distinct strip of dense lineate sculpture between the median ocellus and clypeus). Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 5 each with an apical band of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black (metasomal terga with slightly paler W-shaped marks). Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible black. Legs all yellow except dorsal margins of femora tinged with brown. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.70 mm; LM 0.90 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.56; EV / HE 0.46; EV / WF 0.50; WF / HE 0.93; WH / WF 1.87; OOL / WOT 1.02; DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 1.97; HFL / HFW 2.12; A 3 L / W 1.21; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DCFF4DFDB7AA4EFBA52994.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the southeast interior.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DEFF4BFDBCAA5FFD76293A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 72 EC 25 A- 10 DA- 4 B 0 B-B 597 - 7425519 ADCEB Figs 57, 59	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DEFF4BFDBCAA5FFD76293A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A distinctive species, recognizable by the combination of very broad, parallel-sided, slightly twisted mandible; lateral ocelli separated from the vertex by about their length; sparsely setose basal wing cells; and somewhat short clypeus, weakly curved in profile with the apical angle acute. Nearly identical to S. adversa sp. nov., separated by the straight, truncate anterior clypeal margin; shining, finely microreticulate frons sculpture; and lower OOL / WOT.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DEFF4BFDBCAA5FFD76293A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ kremnos ’, ‘ cliff’, + ‘ phila ’, ‘ loving’, referring to the collection of the type at Bluff Knoll.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DEFF4BFDBCAA5FFD76293A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Stirling Ranges, near Bluff Knoll; Nov. – Dec. 1996; Austin, Harvey and Main leg.; above creek bed, Malaise trap; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DEFF4BFDBCAA5FFD76293A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process trapezoidal, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible broad, not narrowed from base, ventral margin nearly straight; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 5 each with an apical band of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, all tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.91 mm; LM 0.92 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.56; EV / HE 0.72; EV / WF 0.63; WF / HE 1.13; WH / WF 1.70; OOL / WOT 1.63; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 1.08; 2 R 1 L / W 2.83.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DEFF4BFDBCAA5FFD76293A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype, from the Stirling Ranges.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DEFF4BFDBCAA5FFD76293A.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. adversa sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D8FF49FD43AB25FCEF284B.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 B 0657 E 1 - 1 E 13 - 4880 - 856 B- 652 A 95 EA 42 A 6 Figs 14, 60	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D8FF49FD43AB25FCEF284B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex dorsally, basal wing cells setose, and mandible black, easily recognized by the combination of cell 2 R 1 open (vein Rs not reaching the wing margin), narrow mandible, and malar space elongate, about 1 / 3 as long as the mandible base. Closest to S. regulus sp. nov., differing in the narrower head and ocellar triangle right to weakly acute.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D8FF49FD43AB25FCEF284B.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ crinitus ’, long-haired, referring to the conspicuous setae of the metasoma.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D8FF49FD43AB25FCEF284B.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Bellingham Dam, 117 Saltwood Road; 41.0234 ° S, 147.2119 ° E; 15 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap 2; TMAG F 153000. Paratype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; Blue Mts near Hampton; 3 Sep. 1978; B. J. Day leg.; from grass in pine forest; AM K. 628962.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D8FF49FD43AB25FCEF284B.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular to elongate trapezoidal, apex rounded or truncate; dorsally with a rounded carina, effaced towards apex; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to weakly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex, with a broad area of colliculate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black (sometimes slightly reddish on apical half). Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose, or with intermediate setation. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.53 mm; LM 0.81 mm; WH / LH 0.81; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.60; EV / WF 0.61; WF / HE 0.98; WH / WF 1.78; OOL / WOT 1.34; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.98; HFL / HFW 2.35; A 3 L / W 1.22; 2 R 1 L / W 2.81.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D8FF49FD43AB25FCEF284B.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania and New South Wales; known only from the holotype and one paratype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D8FF49FD43AB25FCEF284B.taxon	discussion	Remarks The specimen from New South Wales differs slightly from the Tasmanian holotype, with the clypeus slightly narrower, head slightly deeper, metafemur slightly broader, and basal wing cells more sparsely setose. However, these appear to be within the range of normal variation, and it does not seem worth splitting them based on the two specimens on hand.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DAFF47FD5EAA37FCF929B6.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 01 D 9 A 098 - 1 B 98 - 4 B 94 - 8 C 92 - 433180045499 Figs 57, 61	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DAFF47FD5EAA37FCF929B6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the compressa species group, having the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, head moderately long posterior of the eyes, and basal wing cells densely setose. Distinguished from related species by the strongly acute ocellar triangle, evenly curved clypeus in profile, dark femora, and coriaceous rather than strongly dull sculpture of the frons. The head is also slightly deeper than most similar species except S. medialis sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DAFF47FD5EAA37FCF929B6.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the type locality.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DAFF47FD5EAA37FCF929B6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Crowea State Forest near Pemberton; 29 Oct. – 20 Dec. 1979; S. J. Curry leg.; Malaise trap, closed forest; ANIC 32 - 154824.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DAFF47FD5EAA37FCF929B6.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical or very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a sharp carina, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous to finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex or nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.02 mm; LM 1.02 mm; WH / LH 0.87; DH / LH 0.46; EV / HE 0.81; EV / WF 0.65; WF / HE 1.25; WH / WF 1.60; OOL / WOT 2.05; DM / LM 0.29; FL / FW 2.11; HFL / HFW 2.15; A 3 L / W 1.06; 2 R 1 L / W 2.78.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4DAFF47FD5EAA37FCF929B6.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D4FF45FD5BABB8FC892F1E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 18 A 31 FA 8 - 9 F 49 - 4 CFC-AD 7 C- 1 D 7588629 B 6 B Figs 28, 62	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D4FF45FD5BABB8FC892F1E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the complex of species with the clypeus moderately large and quadrate, visibly parallel-sided or broadened beyond the antennae. Together with S. biloba sp. nov., differing from all other Sierola in having the clypeus apically emarginate, divided into two rounded lobes. Easily distinguished from that species by having the clypeus straight laterally rather than rounded, and with divergent lateral carinae that form a triangular enclosure with the slightly upturned apical rim. In addition, the lateral ocelli are separated from the vertex crest by less than their length; propodeal transverse carina faint, hardly differentiated from other striae; metasoma polished, with faint microsculpture only laterally; and vein Rs does not reach the anterior wing margin, leaving cell 2 R 1 open.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D4FF45FD5BABB8FC892F1E.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ cuneatus ’, ‘ wedge-shaped’, referring to the peculiar shape of the clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D4FF45FD5BABB8FC892F1E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; near Renmark, Border Cliffs Resort, on property; 33.9788 ° S, 140.9534 ° E; 5 Dec. 2011; P. Hebert leg.; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 02294 - B 12, process ID AUSBC 308 - 12, BIN ABX 1506; ANIC 32 - 154825. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Victoria • 1 ♀; Loch Sport; elev. 134 m; 2 Jan. 2003; L. J. Cookson leg.; MVMA HYM- 86599. – Western Australia • 1 ♀; 120 km N of Northampton; 27 ° 29 ′ S, 114 ° 43 ′ E; 4 Jan. 1995; L. S. and R. B. Kimsey leg.; ex Eucalyptus; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D4FF45FD5BABB8FC892F1E.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process broad, elongate, rounded laterally, apex narrowly emarginate, forming two rounded lobes; dorsally flat with a faint median carina, bounded laterally by stronger carinae forming a triangular enclosure; in profile straight, slightly upturned at apex. Mandible broad, ventral margin slightly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished, smooth, shining; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of smooth tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture entirely smooth and polished. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, those on S 6 twice as long as others. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible dark basally, apical half reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.27 mm; LM 0.71 mm; WH / LH 0.71 (0.71 – 0.75); DH / LH 0.48 (0.47 – 0.48); EV / HE 0.71 (0.60 – 0.71); EV / WF 0.74 (0.64 – 0.74); WF / HE 0.96 (0.94 – 0.98); WH / WF 1.84 (1.81 – 1.86); OOL / WOT 1.48 (1.43 – 1.50); DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.03 (2.03 – 2.15); HFL / HFW 2.23 (2.23 – 2.36); A 3 L / W 0.91 (0.91 – 1.00); 2 R 1 L / W 2.56. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D4FF45FD5BABB8FC892F1E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia, South Australia, and Victoria. Known from three widely separated individuals.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D4FF45FD5BABB8FC892F1E.taxon	discussion	Remarks The specimen from Victoria has a distinct median propodeal carina while the holotype lacks one. However, despite their geographic separation, this does not seem sufficient to describe them as distinct species; they are otherwise more similar than most specimens regarded as conspecific. The median carina has been observed to be variable in some Hawaiian species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D6FF43FDA6ADC0FB562FD4.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 FBF 590 E- 0959 - 490 E- 9 ED 0 - B 60 F 12 F 56 C 2 E Figs 49, 63	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D6FF43FDA6ADC0FB562FD4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A distinctive species, recognizable by the unusual clypeus which is moderately short but broadened laterally anterior of the antennal sockets, the lateral margin rounded with a constriction between the anterior clypeal projection and posterior lateral lobe. This is shared only with its sibling species S. abrupta sp. nov., which differs in having the clypeus short with the apex nearly vertical in profile, head deeper (DH / LH 0.57 vs 0.51), and basal wing cells glabrous except cell R setose apically. The occipital margin is narrowly carinate between the lateral ocelli and the wings infuscate, a combination otherwise found only in S. bidawal sp. nov. and S. lacustris sp. nov., both of which are very different; the former has the clypeus straight sloping in profile and head narrowed posterior of the eye, and the latter has the frons much broader (WF / HE 1.20 vs 1.00 in S. curtirostris).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D6FF43FDA6ADC0FB562FD4.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ curtus ’, ‘ short’, + ‘ rostrum ’, ‘ nose’, referring to the short, broadly truncate clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D6FF43FDA6ADC0FB562FD4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Dilgry River, Barrington Tops State Forest; 31 ° 53 ′ S, 151 ° 32 ′ E; 15 – 16 Nov. 1981; T. Weir leg.; Pyrethrin spray, Banksia; ANIC 32 - 154826.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D6FF43FDA6ADC0FB562FD4.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process short, broad, transverse, rounded laterally, apex truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae dark brown, trochanters, tarsi, and bands at bases and apices of tibiae orange. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.90 mm; LM 0.91 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.74; EV / WF 0.74; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.88; OOL / WOT 1.55; DM / LM 0.44; FL / FW 2.04; HFL / HFW 2.27; A 3 L / W 1.10; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D6FF43FDA6ADC0FB562FD4.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected in the central mountains.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D0FF41FDAFAD9EFCD92891.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 A 8 DE 82 D-D 469 - 4 F 1 F- 928 B- 80 EF 56 CA 1004 Figs 14, 64	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D0FF41FDAFAD9EFCD92891.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis This species resembles some members of the longifacies group such as S. dolichops sp. nov. and S. elongata sp. nov., but is immediately distinguished by the extremely narrow head, which is nearly twice as long as wide. The mesosoma is also compressed, unlike in the longifacies group.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D0FF41FDAFAD9EFCD92891.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the peculiar elongate head, which is hardly wider than deep.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D0FF41FDAFAD9EFCD92891.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Bellingham Dam, 117 Saltwood Road; 41.0234 ° S, 147.2119 ° E; 15 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap 2; TMAG F 180578.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D0FF41FDAFAD9EFCD92891.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate to broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle very strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterior of eye, ventrally with colliculate-coriaceous sculpture. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.39 mm; LM 0.68 mm; WH / LH 0.52; DH / LH 0.43; EV / HE 1.47; EV / WF 1.79; WF / HE 0.82; WH / WF 1.79; OOL / WOT 3.31; DM / LM 0.30; FL / FW 2.33; HFL / HFW 2.30; A 3 L / W 1.23; 2 R 1 L / W 2.63.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D0FF41FDAFAD9EFCD92891.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D0FF41FDAFAD9EFCD92891.taxon	discussion	Remarks The very narrow head is the most extreme known in the genus. The OOL / WOT ratio is likewise the highest known; only a few others even approach 3.0.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D2FF5FFDA7AD5DFB6A2F35.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 14056 A 24 - 8 BD 6 - 43 FF-AB 58 - 84 D 083 B 707 FB Figs 49, 65	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D2FF5FFDA7AD5DFB6A2F35.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the compressa species group, having the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, head moderately long posterior of the eyes, and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Distinguished from most related species by the strongly acute ocellar triangle, dull and granular frons microsculpture, and predominantly yellow legs. Closest to S. medialis sp. nov., separated by having the head nearly parallel-sided in lateral view, ocellar triangle more strongly acute (OOL / WOT over 2.00), femora slightly brownish, and posterior margin of cell 1 M nearly straight.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D2FF5FFDA7AD5DFB6A2F35.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the remote desert type locality.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D2FF5FFDA7AD5DFB6A2F35.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; 100 km S by E of Broken Hill; 32 ° 51 ′ S, 141 ° 37 ′ E; 3 – 13 Oct. 1986; E. D. Edwards leg.; Malaise trap / ethanol; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D2FF5FFDA7AD5DFB6A2F35.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly to very strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna bright yellow. Mandible black. Coxae brown, femora brown dorsally, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose or sparsely setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.92 mm; LM 1.05 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.42; EV / HE 0.98; EV / WF 0.71; WF / HE 1.38; WH / WF 1.53; OOL / WOT 2.09; DM / LM 0.31; FL / FW 2.08; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 0.91; 2 R 1 L / W 2.19.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D2FF5FFDA7AD5DFB6A2F35.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, taken in the interior near the border with South Australia.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4D2FF5FFDA7AD5DFB6A2F35.taxon	discussion	Remarks The setation of the basal wing cells is indistinct, and appears to have been damaged.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CCFF5AFD5DAD39FC8D2911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: FE 403641 - 45 A 1 - 4 A 40 - 8 AD 9 - 6 BD 68 F 4 D 1753 Figs 66 – 67	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CCFF5AFD5DAD39FC8D2911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis This unique species is easily recognized by the unusual clypeus, with the dorsal process narrow and rostrate, strongly convex dorsally, appearing finger-like in dorsal view, and strongly rounded and recurved apically in lateral view. The only Sierola with a similar rostrate clypeus are S. hawaiiensis Fullaway, 1920 and S. spicata Fullaway, 1920 of Hawaii, which are otherwise very different in most other respects. In general appearance it resembles the species of the vibrissata group, with the eyes large and head short posteriorly, but lacks the characteristic long setae found in those.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CCFF5AFD5DAD39FC8D2911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ digitus ’, ‘ finger’, referring to the narrow, convex clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CCFF5AFD5DAD39FC8D2911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Canberra, CSIRO, behind CSIRO; 35.275 ° S, 149.1109 ° E; elev. 590 m; 9 Oct. 2010; C. Carr, P. Hebert, S. Kirk, J. McCormick and J. Sones leg.; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 00905 - B 06, process ID HYAT 208 - 11, BIN ABA 6234; ANIC 32 - 154827.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CCFF5AFD5DAD39FC8D2911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process narrow, rostrate (ventral portion triangular), apex weakly pointed; dorsally with a broad, rounded ridge; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with three subequal apical teeth and one inwardly-directed ventral tooth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest, or distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 5 with a pair of long erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.89 mm; LM 0.96 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.50; EV / HE 0.48; EV / WF 0.53; WF / HE 0.89; WH / WF 1.90; OOL / WOT 1.27; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.80; HFL / HFW 2.18; A 3 L / W 1.16; 2 R 1 L / W 2.96.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CCFF5AFD5DAD39FC8D2911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Australian Capital Territory; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C9FF58FD52ABDDFE572DC5.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: CACBA 51 B-AFBA- 4 D 35 - 8145 - D 2 F 422 F 1 ACF 9 Figs 67 – 68	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C9FF58FD52ABDDFE572DC5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the megacephala group, with the head large and flat dorsally and ventrally, frons very broad, clypeus short with a low carina, and basal wing cells densely setose. Differing from related species in having the lateral ocelli close to the vertex crest which is narrowly carinate posterior of.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C9FF58FD52ABDDFE572DC5.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ disiunctus ’, ‘ separated’, referring to the label coordinates being far off from the recorded locality, as well as the two known populations in New South Wales and Tasmania.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C9FF58FD52ABDDFE572DC5.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Dainers Gap; 36 ° 12 ′ S, 148 ° 43 ′ E; elev. 1585 m; 20 Mar. 1974; P. Morrow leg.; ex Eucalyptus perriniana; ANIC 32 - 154828. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; 6 Mar. 1974; ANIC • 1 ♀; Dainers Gap; 36 ° 12 ′ S, 148 ° 43 ′ E; elev. 1585 m; 19 Sep. 1972; P. Morrow leg.; emerged from eggs laid on Agriophara sp.; ANIC • 1 ♀; Dainers Gap; 36 ° 12 ′ S, 148 ° 43 ′ E; elev. 1585 m; 6 Nov. 1973; P. Morrow leg.; Euc. pauciflora, stellulata, and perriniana forest; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; 13 Dec. 1973; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; 19 Dec. 1973; ANIC • 4 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; 28 Dec. 1973; ANIC • 1 ♂; same data as for preceding; 9 Jan. 1974; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 21 Feb. 1974; ANIC. – Tasmania • 1 ♀; 1 km NE of Kingston; 26 Dec. 1979; J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC • 1 ♀; 9 km WSW of Derwent Bridge; 42 ° 10 ′ S, 146 ° 08 ′ E; 21 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; 1 km E by N of Herrick; 41 ° 06 ′ S, 147 ° 53 ′ E; 29 – 30 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C9FF58FD52ABDDFE572DC5.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with second ventral tooth largest. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length (sometimes slightly less). Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black with all tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown, or protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.26 mm; LM 1.15 mm (0.94 – 1.19); WH / LH 0.78 (0.78 – 0.83); DH / LH 0.47 (0.46 – 0.50); EV / HE 1.08 (0.97 – 1.10); EV / WF 0.88 (0.82 – 0.89); WF / HE 1.23 (1.18 – 1.28); WH / WF 1.63 (1.61 – 1.69); OOL / WOT 2.13 (2.07 – 2.29); DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.10 (2.06 – 2.28); HFL / HFW 2.59 (2.55 – 2.93); A 3 L / W 1.14 (1.00 – 1.30); 2 R 1 L / W 2.62. N = 9. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, weakly shining. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Antenna longer, extending to middle of pronotum. Color. Mandible yellow. All tibiae brown. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.54 mm; LM 0.76 mm; WH / LH 0.90; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.73; EV / WF 0.67; WF / HE 1.09; WH / WF 1.78; OOL / WOT 1.40; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.44; HFL / HFW 2.93; A 3 L / W 1.20; 2 R 1 L / W 2.63.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C9FF58FD52ABDDFE572DC5.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales and Tasmania; probably also occurs in Victoria.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C9FF58FD52ABDDFE572DC5.taxon	discussion	Remarks With 19 specimens, this species is represented by the largest number of any of the new species treated here. However, 16 of those are from a single locality. The coordinates listed on the label of the type series are approximately 30 km from the actual locality of Dainers Gap. If it was erroneously recorded as a mix of decimal degrees and decimal minutes then the coordinates are about 5 km away, but still well outside the range of error. Although widely separated, the specimens from Tasmania do not differ from the NSW specimens except in having very slightly narrower profemur, well within the range of normal variation. In other measurements, similar variation is found in both populations despite the limited sampling available.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CBFF56FDA3AF89FD5A2D57.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 7 DD 7 B 974 - 4 A 3 F- 4 E 8 D-B 5 D 0 - 9 C 3 BABFC 5 C 13 Figs 67, 69	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CBFF56FDA3AF89FD5A2D57.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the longifacies species group, characterized by the very narrow, compressed head, somewhat flat dorsally and long posterior to the eyes, short clypeus, short antenna, lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest, and ocellar triangle strongly acute. Separated from similar species by having the head relatively deep for the group, DH / LH 0.49, mandible slightly twisted, clypeal carina not prolonged posteriorly above the antennal sockets, lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by less than their diameter, and basal wing cells densely setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CBFF56FDA3AF89FD5A2D57.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ disseminatus ’, ‘ spread’ or ‘ scattered’, referring to the widely separated Distribution of this species and its closest relatives S. collina sp. nov. and S. confinis sp. nov. along the eastern side.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CBFF56FDA3AF89FD5A2D57.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Bellingham Dam, 117 Saltwood Road; 41.0234 ° S, 147.2119 ° E; 15 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap 2; TMAG F 180579.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CBFF56FDA3AF89FD5A2D57.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, more or less parallel-sided except at base; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.48 mm; LM 0.68 mm; WH / LH 0.67; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 1.15; EV / WF 1.24; WF / HE 0.93; WH / WF 1.85; OOL / WOT 2.30; DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.27; A 3 L / W 0.90; 2 R 1 L / W 2.72.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4CBFF56FDA3AF89FD5A2D57.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C5FF54FD5EAF1BFB902D1E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 4 C 50287 - D 8 C 2 - 482 D-AC 0 E- 036 A 394 E 35 E 0 Figs 41, 70	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C5FF54FD5EAF1BFB902D1E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Distinguished by the combination of the head moderately deep (DH / LH 0.53 – 0.55) and convex dorsally; mandible moderately broad, parallel-sided or very weakly concave ventrally, slightly twisted, and black; lateral ocelli distinctly separated from the vertex crest, ocellar triangle strongly acute; and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Closest to S. exleyae sp. nov., which has the mandible very different, deeply concave ventrally and not twisted.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C5FF54FD5EAF1BFB902D1E.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ diversus ’, ‘ turned away’, referring to the type locality on the inland side of the northern wet forest and on a stream that flows away from the ocean for some distance before turning to reach the sea.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C5FF54FD5EAF1BFB902D1E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Davies Creek, 18 km E by S of Mareeba; 18 May 1980; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC 32 - 154829. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 2 ♀♀; Vines Creek Road; 17 ° 41 ′ S, 145 ° 32 ′ E; elev. 1100 m; 24 Nov. 1994; G. B. Monteith leg.; pyrethrum trees and logs; QM • 1 ♀; Upper Hall Creek, via Carmila; 21 ° 52 ′ S, 149 ° 18 ′ E; 4 Dec. 1996 – 6 Apr. 1997; G. Monteith and E. Mulder leg.; intercept, “ RF ” at creek; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C5FF54FD5EAF1BFB902D1E.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, more or less parallel-sided or slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.80 mm; LM 0.86 mm (0.80 – 0.86); WH / LH 0.83; DH / LH 0.55 (0.53 – 0.55); EV / HE 0.59 (0.52 – 0.68); EV / WF 0.63 (0.59 – 0.76); WF / HE 0.93 (0.88 – 0.93); WH / WF 1.84 (1.84 – 1.91); OOL / WOT 1.56 (1.56 – 1.77); DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 1.96 (1.88 – 2.00); HFL / HFW 1.99 (1.91 – 1.99); A 3 L / W 0.92 (0.83 – 0.92); 2 R 1 L / W 2.78. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C5FF54FD5EAF1BFB902D1E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from four specimens taken on the central to northern coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C7FF53FD51AFC1FB582801.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8006 C 85 E-CFBF- 4739 - B 8 BE- 8 B 26 D 3 F 273 E 6 Figs 71 – 72	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C7FF53FD51AFC1FB582801.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the longifacies species group, characterized by the very narrow, compressed head (WH / LH 0.63 – 0.68), flat dorsally and long posterior to the eyes, short clypeus, short antenna (hardly reaching past the head), lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest, and ocellar triangle very strongly acute. Separated from similar species by having the clypeus very short, steep and straight in profile; mandible slightly twisted and outwardly convex; dull, granular frons microsculpture; vertex straight in dorsal view; lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by less than their diameter; and basal wing cells setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C7FF53FD51AFC1FB582801.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ dolichos ’, ‘ long, + ‘ ops ’, ‘ face’, referring to the shape of the head and the similarity of this species to S. longifacies. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C7FF53FD51AFC1FB582801.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Toogoom; 11 Oct. 1979; H. E. and M. A. Evans leg.; QM T 262156.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C7FF53FD51AFC1FB582801.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally flat, with a trace of a low carina; in profile very short, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, slightly to distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; slightly twisted, outwardly slightly curved so that ventral tooth slightly posterior of second, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle very strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterior of eye, ventrally with colliculate-coriaceous sculpture. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely or sparsely setose. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.46 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.66; DH / LH 0.42; EV / HE 1.28; EV / WF 1.24; WF / HE 1.03; WH / WF 1.73; OOL / WOT 2.44; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.09; HFL / HFW 2.26; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.93.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C7FF53FD51AFC1FB582801.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected on the southeast coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C7FF53FD51AFC1FB582801.taxon	discussion	Remarks The specimen is glued with the wings down, so the precise wing setation is uncertain.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C0FF51FDA1AAC2FC9B2F19.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 FB 02520 - B 35 E- 4 C 9 B- 991 E- 82 BC 6 DFF 50 D 8 Figs 41, 73	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C0FF51FDA1AAC2FC9B2F19.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, dense frons punctation, and the basal wing cells very densely setose. Closest to S. vulsa sp. nov. in having the long setae yellow-brown rather than black; joined with S. reburra sp. nov. in having the head narrow and a sharp, thin, laminate clypeal carina, continuous from the anterior to dorsal surface between the antennal sockets, distinguished by the yellow mandible and polished dorsal metasoma.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C0FF51FDA1AAC2FC9B2F19.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ dolichos ’, ‘ long’, + ‘ thrix ’, ‘ hair’, referring to the very long setae of the vertex and gena. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C0FF51FDA1AAC2FC9B2F19.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Cow Bay, Cape Tribulation, Daintree Discovery Centre; 16.2382 ° S, 145.427 ° E; elev. 86 m; 26 Oct. – 2 Nov. 2014; C. J. Bennett leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 43544 - H 04, process ID GMQQD 182 - 18, BIN ADX 2126; ANIC 32 - 154830. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; 12 km SSE of Heathlands; 11 ° 51 ′ S, 142 ° 38 ′ E; 22 Mar. – 25 Apr. 1992; T. McLeod leg.; closed forest, Malaise # 3 and # 4; ANIC • 1 ♀; 14 km ENE of Heathlands; 11 ° 41 ′ S, 142 ° 42 ′ E; 12 Aug. – 9 Sept. 1993; P. Zborowski and S. Shattuck leg.; flight intercept trap; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C0FF51FDA1AAC2FC9B2F19.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular, apex rounded; dorsally with a thin, laminar carina, the sides strongly concave; in profile strongly arched, vertical or slightly recurved at apex, carina extending posterior of antennal sockets. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, close punctures, mostly about 1 pit width apart. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc slightly convex. Pronotal setae elongate, twice as long as flagellar width or more. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, those on S 5 – 6 about twice as long as preceding. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Head and mesosoma black, metasoma brownish. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible yellow. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.31 mm; LM 0.73 mm (0.67 – 0.73); WH / LH 0.77 (0.76 – 0.78); DH / LH 0.48 (0.48 – 0.51); EV / HE 0.51 (0.51 – 0.57); EV / WF 0.59 (0.57 – 0.63); WF / HE 0.86 (0.86 – 0.90); WH / WF 1.78 (1.67 – 1.78); OOL / WOT 0.94 (0.94 – 1.03); DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 1.96 (1.89 – 1.96); HFL / HFW 1.77 (1.77 – 1.95); A 3 L / W 0.91 (0.82 – 0.91); 2 R 1 L / W 2.88. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C0FF51FDA1AAC2FC9B2F19.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from two locations in the far north.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C0FF51FDA1AAC2FC9B2F19.taxon	discussion	Remarks This and S. reburra sp. nov. are the only species with a distinct, high, sharp clypeal carina treated here. There are likely other related species yet to be discovered.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C2FF6FFD5CADC5FCF72CE2.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 618 A 40 A 3 - C 90 B- 4 D 2 C- 8 C 7 F-DE 6100 E 41 EDE Figs 67, 74	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C2FF6FFD5CADC5FCF72CE2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Distinguished from most other species by having the head both broad and deep, strongly convex dorsally and ventrally. Closest to S. stilboparia sp. nov., united in having the frons coriaceous, head not quite as wide as long, broad metafemur, and gena with a distinctive smooth polished area between the eye and a band of coarsely tesselate ventral sculpture. Differing in having the vertex crest straight (not emarginate), head obtusely angulate ventrally, and propodeum with an anterior raised, reticulate triangular area narrowing to a distinct median carina.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C2FF6FFD5CADC5FCF72CE2.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ elasson ’, ‘ smaller’, for F. M. Littler who collected the two earliest specimens. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C2FF6FFD5CADC5FCF72CE2.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Bellingham; 41.016 ° S, 147.197 ° E; Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap; TMAG F 180581. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; Launceston; 12 Feb. 1914; SAMA 32 - 42901 • 1 ♀; Launceston; 17 Dec. 1916; F. M. Littler leg.; SAMA 32 - 42926 • 1 ♂; Launceston; 25 Dec. 1916; F. M. Littler leg.; SAMA 32 - 42072 • 1 ♀; Launceston; SAMA 32 - 42933 • 2 ♀♀; Bellingham; 41.016 ° S, 147.197 ° E; Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap; TMAG F 180582, F 180583 • 1 ♀; Bellingham Dam, 117 Saltwood Road; 41.0234 ° S, 147.2119 ° E; 15 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap 2; TMAG F 180580. – Victoria • 1 ♀; Melbourne, Werribee Gorge; 37 ° 40 ′ S, 144 ° 20 ′ E; 12 May 1993; P. Lillywhite leg.; Melbourne Western Region Survey, canopy fogging grey box woodland rep. 2; MVMA HYM- 86604.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C2FF6FFD5CADC5FCF72CE2.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded or weakly pointed; dorsally weakly carinate, or rounded, convex; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished, smooth, shining; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture smooth and polished ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina distinct posteriorly, with a median triangular raised, finely reticulate area covering anterior 1 / 3; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, all tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose, or sparsely setose with cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.24 mm; LM 1.21 mm (1.20 – 1.35); WH / LH 0.92 (0.91 – 0.94); DH / LH 0.64 (0.60 – 0.64); EV / HE 0.45 (0.44 – 0.48); EV / WF 0.46 (0.46 – 0.50); WF / HE 0.98 (0.89 – 1.04); WH / WF 1.81 (1.75 – 1.92); OOL / WOT 1.21 (1.07 – 1.21); DM / LM 0.43; FL / FW 1.89 (1.73 – 1.89); HFL / HFW 1.94 (1.87 – 2.02); A 3 L / W 1.29 (1.08 – 1.29); 2 R 1 L / W 2.27. N = 4. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, setae scarcely longer than flagellum width. Occipital margin bluntly carinate posterior of lateral ocelli, broadly rounded laterally. Gena ventral of eye with smooth patch well-defined as in female but with faint reticulation, not highly polished. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.95 mm; LM 1.05 mm; WH / LH 0.95; DH / LH 0.61; EV / HE 0.52; EV / WF 0.52; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.83; OOL / WOT 1.08; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.15; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 1.06; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C2FF6FFD5CADC5FCF72CE2.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania and Victoria; known from two localities.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4C2FF6FFD5CADC5FCF72CE2.taxon	discussion	Remarks One of the female paratypes has an associated cocoon, but no rearing information; it is also heavily damaged and the metasoma is missing. While a number of species are found in both Tasmania and Victoria, it is unusual that the closely related S. stilboparia sp. nov. is also found in the latter; however, it differs in a number of distinct respects, and the Victoria specimen of S. elasson sp. nov. clearly matches the Tasmanian specimens rather than that species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FFFF6DFD57A85DFE762CA4.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 7556 CB 51 - AE 16 - 4 B 0 F- 9 F 1 A-BCB 3 AA 7 F 5038 Figs 26, 75	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FFFF6DFD57A85DFE762CA4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the longifacies species group, characterized by the very narrow, compressed head (WH / LH 0.62 – 0.68), flat dorsally and long posterior to the eyes, short clypeus, short antenna (hardly reaching past the head), lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest, and ocellar triangle very strongly acute. Separated from similar species by the extreme head dimensions, very long and narrow, with the eyes small; clypeus rounded and recurved in profile; mandible moderately broad and concave ventrally, outwardly convex but not twisted; vertex slightly concave in dorsal view; lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by slightly more than their length.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FFFF6DFD57A85DFE762CA4.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the extremely long, narrow head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FFFF6DFD57A85DFE762CA4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Northern Territory • ♀; Trephina Gorge, east MacDonalds; 23 ° 32 ′ S, 134 ° 23 ′ E; 17 Oct. 1995; K. Walker leg.; on Eucalyptus; MVMA HYM- 86597.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FFFF6DFD57A85DFE762CA4.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle very strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae (?). Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.55 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.64; DH / LH 0.41; EV / HE 1.58; EV / WF 1.36; WF / HE 1.16; WH / WF 1.68; OOL / WOT 2.93; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.19; HFL / HFW 2.33; A 3 L / W 0.83; 2 R 1 L / W 1.48.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FFFF6DFD57A85DFE762CA4.taxon	distribution	Distribution Northern Territory; known only from the holotype, collected in the desert interior.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FFFF6DFD57A85DFE762CA4.taxon	discussion	Remarks The basal wing cells are mostly obscured by glue and the setation is unclear. The extreme head dimensions are close to an undescribed species from Samoa, which however has cell 2 R 1 extremely long and narrow.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F9FF6BFD5DA85DFEE32CC0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: FFB 92581 - 04 DD- 46 A 0 - B 723 - 239 A 9404 C 3 A 7 Figs 72, 76	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F9FF6BFD5DA85DFEE32CC0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the kalarku species group, with the mandible strongly twisted and shiny, head more or less triangular in dorsal view, vertex slightly concave, frons microsculpture smooth, clypeus without any trace of a carina, and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. Distinguished from related species by the combination of the clypeus flat, malar space very small, frons sparsely punctate, propodeum with a polished strip extending to the declivity, and vein Rs not reaching the anterior wing margin. The frons is also more polished than in similar species, with the microreticulation only faintly visible.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F9FF6BFD5DA85DFEE32CC0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ erugatus ’, ‘ smooth and without wrinkles’, referring to the smooth frons.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F9FF6BFD5DA85DFEE32CC0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Nangur State Forest; 26 ° 08 ′ S, 151 ° 58 ′ E; 24 Nov. 1995; G. B. Monteith leg.; pyrethrum trees 6129; QM T 262157. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; Murwillumbah – Coffs Harbor Hwy 1; 2 Sep. 1986; E. A. Sugden leg.; car net; UCDC. – Queensland • 1 ♀; Mt Blackwood; 18 Nov. 1992; Monteith, Thompson and Janetzki leg.; pyrethrum; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F9FF6BFD5DA85DFEE32CC0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; strongly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, median area with a narrow polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dull yellow. Mandible dark basally, apical half orange. Procoxa brown basally and yellow apically, basal 2 / 3 of profemur dark brown, metafemur tinged with brown, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.23 mm; LM 0.72 mm (0.69 – 0.76); WH / LH 0.90 (0.85 – 0.90); DH / LH 0.55 (0.50 – 0.55); EV / HE 0.38 (0.38 – 0.39); EV / WF 0.44 (0.43 – 0.45); WF / HE 0.85 (0.85 – 0.88); WH / WF 1.88 (1.80 – 1.88); OOL / WOT 1.12 (1.06 – 1.16); DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 1.93 (1.93 – 2.05); HFL / HFW 2.18 (2.06 – 2.18); A 3 L / W 0.86 (0.80 – 0.92); 2 R 1 L / W 2.94. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F9FF6BFD5DA85DFEE32CC0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland and New South Wales; known from three widely-separated specimens in the eastern forest region.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FBFF69FDA1A85DFE272CCB.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: AD 329 D 0 A-B 688 - 49 D 4 - A 69 E- 99931 AFF 0 EBE Figs 72, 77	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FBFF69FDA1A85DFE272CCB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Easily recognized by the combination of head as wide or wider than long and convex dorsally, mesosoma compressed, and ocellar triangle strongly obtuse. The head is distinctly narrowed posterior of the eyes, giving it a round appearance in dorsal view.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FBFF69FDA1A85DFE272CCB.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ eurys ’, ‘ broad’, + ‘ kephalon ’, ‘ head’, referring to the head being wider than long.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FBFF69FDA1A85DFE272CCB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Boggomoss 10 via Taroom; 25 ° 31 ′ S, 150 ° 03 ′ E; 13 Nov. 1996 – Jan. 1997; D. Cook and G. Monteith leg.; baited flight intercept 063; QM T 33427.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FBFF69FDA1A85DFE272CCB.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex weakly pointed; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina or weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute or rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with moderately close punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, sparse posteriorly. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and basal 2 / 3 of femora brownish, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.65 mm; LM 0.92 mm; WH / LH 1.03; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 0.37; EV / WF 0.36; WF / HE 1.05; WH / WF 1.80; OOL / WOT 0.74; DM / LM 0.32; FL / FW 1.71; HFL / HFW 1.92; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 2.35.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FBFF69FDA1A85DFE272CCB.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4FBFF69FDA1A85DFE272CCB.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species may be related to the compressa species group, but is distinctly different in having the head clearly convex dorsally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F5FF64FD5AA85DFCB8291D.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: BB 80 DDDA- 990 C- 4 EB 0 - ABD 7 - 825 A 1 F 569 D 37 Figs 67, 78	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F5FF64FD5AA85DFCB8291D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A distinctive species, easily recognized by the quadrate head which is more or less flat dorsally and ventrally, large eyes which are distinctly convex medially, thus the frons narrow (WF / HE 0.78 – 0.81), ocellar triangle strongly acute, lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by about their length, and moderately broad mandible with the apex distinctly broader than the base. Cell 2 R 1 of the fore wing is also unusually short and broad.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F5FF64FD5AA85DFCB8291D.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ eurys ’, ‘ wide’, + ‘ ops ’, ‘ eye’, referring to the unusually broad eyes and correspondingly narrow frons. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F5FF64FD5AA85DFCB8291D.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; F [ern]. T [ree]. Gully; 13 May 1917; “ E. 11 – 17 ” [?]; MVMA HYM- 86581. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Victoria • 2 ♀♀, 1 ♂; same data as for holotype; MVMA, HYM- 86581 (all mounted on a single card).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F5FF64FD5AA85DFCB8291D.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally with a low carina, prolonged posteriorly well beyond antennal sockets to about 1 / 3 eye height, or with a sharp carina; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible broad, ventral margin slightly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head weakly convex to nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.12 mm; LM 1.04 mm (0.98 – 1.04); WH / LH 0.79 (0.79 – 0.81); DH / LH 0.52 (0.52 – 0.53); EV / HE 0.85 (0.81 – 0.85); EV / WF 1.05 (1.03 – 1.09); WF / HE 0.81 (0.78 – 0.81); WH / WF 2.24 (2.24 – 2.37); OOL / WOT 1.67 (1.65 – 1.68); DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.48 (2.38 – 2.48); HFL / HFW 2.68 (2.68 – 2.73); A 3 L / W 1.00 (0.94 – 1.00); 2 R 1 L / W 1.87. N = 3. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Generally much more short and compact, not elongate and quadrate. Frons microsculpture finely reticulate. Mesosoma. Femora very narrow. Color. Antenna nearly all yellow, tinged with brown dorsally. Mandible yellow. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.48 mm; LM 0.75 mm; WH / LH 0.89; DH / LH 0.60; EV / HE 0.63; EV / WF 0.73; WF / HE 0.86; WH / WF 2.07; OOL / WOT 1.05; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.59; HFL / HFW 2.93; A 3 L / W 1.20; 2 R 1 L / W 1.68.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F5FF64FD5AA85DFCB8291D.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from the type series, collected in Melbourne.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F5FF64FD5AA85DFCB8291D.taxon	discussion	Remarks There are four specimens mounted on one card; the bottom right one (as viewed with the pin at the bottom center) is the holotype, the others are paratypes.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F7FF62FD4BABC6FD5A2911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 147 AC 6 AF- 5 D 05 - 4 D 03 - 8 B 21 - 709992356 F 4 B Figs 67, 79	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F7FF62FD4BABC6FD5A2911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the compressa group, characterized by the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, head moderately long posterior of the eyes, and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Readily distinguished from all others by the extremely flattened body, with the mesosoma about 4 times as long as deep and head about 3 times as long as deep, and smooth frons microsculpture. Closest to S. mirabilis sp. nov., which is even more flattened and has the mandible very narrow including at the base.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F7FF62FD4BABC6FD5A2911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ exilis ’, ‘ thin’, referring to the extremely flattened body.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F7FF62FD4BABC6FD5A2911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 19 km NW by N of St Helens; 41 ° 11 ′ S, 148 ° 07 ′ E; 14 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154831.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F7FF62FD4BABC6FD5A2911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally weakly carinate or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, nearly glabrous. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture evenly coriaceous. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, tinged with brown dorsally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.62 mm; LM 0.83 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.31; EV / HE 0.94; EV / WF 0.71; WF / HE 1.31; WH / WF 1.60; OOL / WOT 1.89; DM / LM 0.25; FL / FW 2.05; HFL / HFW 2.10; A 3 L / W 0.93; 2 R 1 L / W 2.69.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F7FF62FD4BABC6FD5A2911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F1FF60FD5CABDDFB13299A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 BF 9 F 44 A- 0 C 30 - 4 F 93 - A 207 - FF 3 A 11 C 9520 B Figs 72, 80	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F1FF60FD5CABDDFB13299A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex dorsally and ventrally and basal wing cells setose, distinguished from most species by the moderately broad frons, clypeus semi-elliptical with a low carina dorsally, head moderately broad and deep, mandible distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli distinctly separated from the vertex crest. Closest to S. lacustris sp. nov. and S. ovata sp. nov.; separated from the former by the coriaceous frons microsculpture, vertex not carinate between the lateral ocelli, narrower frons (WF / HE ~ 1.10 vs 1.15 – 1.20), and head slightly deeper (DH / LH ~ 0.57 vs 0.53 – 0.54), and from the latter by the sparsely setose basal wing cells, more elongate cell 2 R 1, and more elongate clypeus in profile. Additionally separated from both by the median polished strip of the propodeum	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F1FF60FD5CABDDFB13299A.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the collector, Dr Elizabeth M. Exley, a noted hymenopterist at the University of Queensland.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F1FF60FD5CABDDFB13299A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Mt Gosford; 7 Nov. 1965; E. M. Exley leg.; Lophostemon; QM T 262158. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Chalamar [= Chelmer?]; 5 Sep. 1979; G. Gordh and C. Dahma leg.; UCRC 556766.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F1FF60FD5CABDDFB13299A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, median area with a narrow polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum narrowly glabrous medially, with moderately dense setae laterally, becoming longer laterad. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.74 mm; LM 0.91 mm; WH / LH 0.82; DH / LH 0.57; EV / HE 0.79; EV / WF 0.71; WF / HE 1.11; WH / WF 1.71; OOL / WOT 1.55; DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 2.13; HFL / HFW 2.19; A 3 L / W 1.08; 2 R 1 L / W 2.56.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F1FF60FD5CABDDFB13299A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland and New South Wales; known from two specimens, both taken near the coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F3FF7EFD5FAA45FBB72AA9.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 7 E 59 C 56 E- 8560 - 4 AA 8 - 9871 - DFE 6 D 431 AA 95 Figs 81, 90	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F3FF7EFD5FAA45FBB72AA9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Namesake of the ficicola species group, with the head flat dorsally, moderately narrow and compressed, frons narrow, and antenna short. Closest to S. carruca sp. nov., joined in having the lateral ocelli somewhat close to the vertex crest which is not carinate posterior of ocelli; separated by the reddish brown mandible and deeper head (DH / LH ~ 0.52) which is moderately setose ventrally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F3FF7EFD5FAA45FBB72AA9.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the collection of the type at the Curtain Fig tree, near Yungaburra.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F3FF7EFD5FAA45FBB72AA9.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Curtain Fig, 2 km SSW of Yungaburra; 17 ° 17 ′ S, 145 ° 34 ′ E; 28 Jan. 1988; D. C. F. Rentz leg.; pantraps; ANIC 32 - 154832.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F3FF7EFD5FAA45FBB72AA9.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible broad, not narrowed from base, ventral margin nearly straight; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.32 mm; LM 0.69 mm; WH / LH 0.74; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 1.04; EV / WF 1.00; WF / HE 1.04; WH / WF 1.76; OOL / WOT 1.99; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.95; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 0.92; 2 R 1 L / W 2.94.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4F3FF7EFD5FAA45FBB72AA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in northern rain forest.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EDFF7CFD48AB55FED72D58.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: EF 41299 B-C 64 C- 441 A-AFAE- 07 F 5 AA 61 D 0 E 9 Figs 82 – 83	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EDFF7CFD48AB55FED72D58.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Readily distinguished by the glabrous basal wing cells, distinctly infuscate wings, entirely microreticulate propodeum, distinct malar space, and mandible strongly convex outwardly. Closest to S. acta sp. nov., S. infecta sp. nov., and S. peras sp. nov., all of which have the wings hyaline and mandible not convex outwardly. In addition, the two former have a polished area on the propodeum, while the latter has the ocellar triangle wider (OOL / WOT ~ 1.03 vs 1.39 in S. filicis sp. nov.) and antenna short (A 3 wider than long; distinctly longer than wide in S. filicis).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EDFF7CFD48AB55FED72D58.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ filicis ’, ‘ fern’, referring to the collection of the holotype. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EDFF7CFD48AB55FED72D58.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Kosziuscko; 36.0879 ° S, 148.183 ° E; 13 Dec. 2019; K. Magnacca leg.; fern gully, sweeping ferns; ANIC 32 - 154833.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EDFF7CFD48AB55FED72D58.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a somewhat dense apical row of short setae. Sixth sternum narrowly glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, basal half of tibiae tinged with brown, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.95 mm; LM 1.02 mm; WH / LH 0.83; DH / LH 0.57; EV / HE 0.52; EV / WF 0.60; WF / HE 0.86; WH / WF 1.93; OOL / WOT 1.39; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.95; HFL / HFW 2.45; A 3 L / W 1.51; 2 R 1 L / W 2.72.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EDFF7CFD48AB55FED72D58.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected in montane rainforest near the border with Victoria.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EFFF7AFDAAAF1AFBE92F9A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 2019 E 601 - B 457 - 416 F-B 486 - 39 D 3813 EC 33 D Figs 83 – 84	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EFFF7AFDAAAF1AFBE92F9A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis The bright yellow metasoma makes this species unique in the genus, and the broad, relatively deep head is also distinctive.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EFFF7AFDAAAF1AFBE92F9A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ flavus ’, ‘ yellow’, + ‘ caudus ’, ‘ tail’, referring to the yellow metasoma.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EFFF7AFDAAAF1AFBE92F9A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Sydney; A. M. Lea leg.; SAMA 32 - 42918.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EFFF7AFDAAAF1AFBE92F9A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with relatively regular, moderately close punctures, 1 – 2 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture minutely colliculate, appearing dull at low magnification but with each cellule shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae absent. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to mesoscutum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina faintly present; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Head and mesosoma black, metasoma bright yellow except S 1 and base of T 1. Antenna yellow, tinged with brown dorsally. Mandible black. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.77 mm; LM 1.39 mm; WH / LH 1.00; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.74; EV / WF 0.53; WF / HE 1.40; WH / WF 1.66; OOL / WOT 1.53; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.31; HFL / HFW 2.86; A 3 L / W 1.80; 2 R 1 L / W 2.21.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EFFF7AFDAAAF1AFBE92F9A.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected near Sydney.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E9FF78FD40AC44FC612E7D.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 7857585 - D 6 B 3 - 42 E 9 - 9 DCB- 8 E 97 A 1663 BD 3 Figs 83, 85	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E9FF78FD40AC44FC612E7D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the compressa group, characterized by the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, and basal wing cells sparsely setose; belonging to the subgroup with the ocellar triangle weakly acute to obtuse and head shorter posterior to the eyes. Closest to S. specularis sp. nov. in having the mandible strongly convex outwardly and basal wing cells sparsely setose; separated by the weakly acute ocellar triangle with the lateral ocelli slightly removed from the vertex crest, coriaceous frons microsculpture, and posterior margin of cell 1 M weakly convex with the distal corner more angulate.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E9FF78FD40AC44FC612E7D.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ furtivus ’, ‘ concealed’ or ‘ furtive’, from the adaptation of this species to sneaking into the concealed hiding places of its prey.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E9FF78FD40AC44FC612E7D.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Canberra; 2 Jun. 1948; E. F. Riek leg.; ANIC 32 - 154834. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E9FF78FD40AC44FC612E7D.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a sharp carina, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broadened toward apex; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture dull, granular to coriaceous. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture evenly, weakly microreticulate. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.11 mm; LM 1.14 mm (0.92 – 1.14); WH / LH 0.88 (0.88 – 0.90); DH / LH 0.40 (0.36 - 0.40); EV / HE 0.68 (0.66 – 0.71); EV / WF 0.55 (0.55 – 0.59); WF / HE 1.22 (1.17 – 1.22); WH / WF 1.59 (1.59 – 1.65); OOL / WOT 1.64 (1.55 – 1.70); DM / LM 0.31; FL / FW 1.81 (1.81 – 2.00); HFL / HFW 1.83 (1.83 – 1.93); A 3 L / W 0.86 (0.77 – 0.86); 2 R 1 L / W 2.40. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E9FF78FD40AC44FC612E7D.taxon	distribution	Distribution Australian Capital Territory; known only from one collection.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EBFF76FD5DAC61FE0E2E64.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8 E 083 C 5 F- 7 B 97 - 4 A 47 - 825 C- 8 FCD 7 AA 2 A 816 Figs 83, 86	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EBFF76FD5DAC61FE0E2E64.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex dorsally and basal wing cells setose, distinguished from most others by the elongate, conspicuous vertex and gena setae and somewhat strongly compressed head (DH / LH ~ 0.47). Closest to S. boggomoss sp. nov., separated by the strongly obtuse ocellar triangle, with the lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest, and more densely setose basal wing cells.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EBFF76FD5DAC61FE0E2E64.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the type locality, Mt Gingera. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EBFF76FD5DAC61FE0E2E64.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Mt Gingera; 4 Feb. 1965; D. H. Colless leg.; ANIC 32 - 154835.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EBFF76FD5DAC61FE0E2E64.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a rounded carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and apex brown, middle flagellomeres brown dorsally and orange ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.09 mm; LM 1.16 mm; WH / LH 0.87; DH / LH 0.47; EV / HE 0.70; EV / WF 0.63; WF / HE 1.11; WH / WF 1.76; OOL / WOT 1.20; DM / LM 0.32; FL / FW 2.10; HFL / HFW 2.19; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.45.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EBFF76FD5DAC61FE0E2E64.taxon	distribution	Distribution Australian Capital Territory; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4EBFF76FD5DAC61FE0E2E64.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is somewhat undistinctive, but the combination of characters listed in the diagnosis easily separates it from all others.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E5FF74FD52AC6EFC152FD4.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 1527 EED- 38 DE- 4 C 21 - 8 E 81 - 14 AB 2 D 61 DC 38 Figs 72, 87	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E5FF74FD52AC6EFC152FD4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a distinct complex of species with the head moderately deep and somewhat short posterior to the eyes (head deepest on a line through the eye in lateral view), clypeus evenly curved in profile, mandible reddish brown to orange, and basal wing cells densely setose. Closest to S. ustulata sp. nov. in lacking a distinct malar space and having the head strongly convex ventrally; distinguished by the narrow frons, slightly more compressed head, and ventral margin of the mandible less conspicuously concave.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E5FF74FD52AC6EFC152FD4.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ glutinatus ’, ‘ glued’, referring to the excess glue on the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E5FF74FD52AC6EFC152FD4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Mt Glorious; 13 Feb. – 19 Jul. 1991; A. Hiller leg.; Malaise trap; QM T 262159.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E5FF74FD52AC6EFC152FD4.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black, clypeus orange to yellow. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible reddish brown to orange. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.58 mm; LM 0.78 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.59; EV / HE 0.58; EV / WF 0.71; WF / HE 0.82; WH / WF 2.06; OOL / WOT 1.51; DM / LM 0.42; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.65; A 3 L / W 1.22; 2 R 1 L / W 2.69.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E5FF74FD52AC6EFC152FD4.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected near Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E7FF72FDB6AD9EFEAF2D20.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 89 C 66012 - 40 BD- 4 D 83 - B 4 DB- 2 EB 814 E 5 E 8 FF Figs 83, 88	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E7FF72FDB6AD9EFEAF2D20.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A very distinctive species, immediately recognizable by the peculiar mandible which is deeply notched near the base, broadest at the medial bend, and slightly narrowed at the apex. In addition, the clypeus is flat dorsally but sharply carinate anteriorly, basal wing cells very densely setose, and distal portion of vein Rs does not reach the anterior wing margin.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E7FF72FDB6AD9EFEAF2D20.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ glyphis ’, ‘ notch’, + ‘ gnathos ’, ‘ jaw’, referring to the deep concavity at the base of the mandible. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E7FF72FDB6AD9EFEAF2D20.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Ewart Creek; 41 ° 58 ′ S, 145 ° 28 ′ E; 16 Jan. – 2 Feb. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154836. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 2 ♀♀; King Is., Pegarah Nature Reserve; 39.9441 ° S, 143.9905 ° E; 19 Nov. – 16 Dec. 2023; S. J. Grove, L. Cambra and M. Beattie leg.; Malaise trap series 3; TMAG F 152997, F 180574 • 1 ♀; King Is., Pegarah Nature Reserve; 39.9441 ° S, 143.9905 ° E; 18 Dec. 2023 – 13 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap series; TMAG F 152995.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E7FF72FDB6AD9EFEAF2D20.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process triangular, apex pointed; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a sharp carina on anterior face; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible strongly constricted near base, apical half broadened and club-like; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view distinctly elbowed externally, internal margin nearly straight. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture coriaceous to finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to mesoscutum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with very faint microreticulation over posterior terga. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, those on S 6 twice as long as others. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.62 mm; LM 0.79 mm (0.76 – 0.85); WH / LH 0.93 (0.92 – 0.95); DH / LH 0.62 (0.60 – 0.62); EV / HE 0.33 (0.32 – 0.36); EV / WF 0.37 (0.35 – 0.38); WF / HE 0.91 (0.90 – 0.93); WH / WF 1.81 (1.74 – 1.84); OOL / WOT 0.96 (0.91 – 0.98); DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.17 (2.00 – 2.17); HFL / HFW 2.38 (2.27 – 2.38); A 3 L / W 1.14 (1.14 – 1.32); 2 R 1 L / W 3.29. N = 4.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E7FF72FDB6AD9EFEAF2D20.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from the holotype and a series of specimens collected on King Island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E7FF72FDB6AD9EFEAF2D20.taxon	discussion	Remarks This striking species appears to be have a mix of characters from several seemingly unrelated species groups. The frons and clypeus resemble those of the contracta complex, while the mandible is very similar to that of S. koa Fullaway, 1920 of Hawaii. Among species treated here it most closely resembles S. opprimator sp. nov., but the notched mandible and narrower head, and different clypeus immediately distinguish it.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E1FF71FD5DAF22FB122F85.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 9 B 24 CB 76 - 4131 - 4520 - A 755 - E 5 F 5137279 D 8 Figs 89 – 90	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E1FF71FD5DAF22FB122F85.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis United with S. truncata sp. nov. by the unusual clypeus, which is high and weakly carinate dorsally, abruptly truncate apically, with a distinct vertical surface visible in lateral view. Separated by having the mandible concave ventrally, narrowed just beyond the base and broadened medially, slightly constricted again near the teeth; basal cells of the fore wing sparsely setose; head shorter posterior of the eyes, EV / HE 0.50 – 0.75; and frons narrower, WF / HE ~ 0.90.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E1FF71FD5DAF22FB122F85.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the Gudang people, the Aboriginal inhabitants of the tip of Cape York. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E1FF71FD5DAF22FB122F85.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 2 km S of Cape York; 10 ° 43 ′ S, 142 ° 32 ′ E; 20 Jun. 1993; I. D. Naumann and P. Zborowski leg.; open forest; ANIC 32 - 154837.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E1FF71FD5DAF22FB122F85.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate, abruptly cut off apically; in profile gently sloping dorsally, distally nearly vertical or slightly angled back. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed just beyond base and broadened distally, apex slightly narrowed, broadest at apical 2 / 3; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Procoxa and femur yellow except dorsal margin of femur, meso- and metafemora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.19 mm; LM 0.61 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.55; EV / HE 0.63; EV / WF 0.70; WF / HE 0.90; WH / WF 1.87; OOL / WOT 1.65; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.89; HFL / HFW 2.09; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.82.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E1FF71FD5DAF22FB122F85.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected near the tip of Cape York.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E1FF71FD5DAF22FB122F85.taxon	discussion	Remarks The unusual clypeus is very similar to S. truncata sp. nov., but it is different in many other respects, as listed in the diagnosis. The unusual mandible, narrowing at the apex, is especially notable.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E2FF0FFD40AC49FBCC2FE9.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 9 CC 9 FB 2 D- 1 D 02 - 4 F 68 - 8708 - F 8230 E 13017 F Figs 72, 91	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E2FF0FFD40AC49FBCC2FE9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A somewhat nondescript species, identifiable by the combination of the head dorsally convex and compressed in lateral view (DH / LH ~ 0.53), frons not particularly broad, clypeus rounded and recurved apically, and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Closest to S. terpsilithus sp. nov., differing in the distinctly rounded, broader head (WH / LH 0.79, OOL / WOT 1.39), laterally angulate between the posterior eye margin and occiput.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E2FF0FFD40AC49FBCC2FE9.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the type locality, St Helena Creek. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E2FF0FFD40AC49FBCC2FE9.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; “ St. Helena ” via Wollomombi; 23 Apr. 1973; I. Naumann leg.; open forest; long grass; QM T 262160.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E2FF0FFD40AC49FBCC2FE9.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally with a rounded carina, effaced towards apex; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell, or cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.46 mm; LM 0.82 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.53; EV / HE 0.54; EV / WF 0.57; WF / HE 0.95; WH / WF 1.84; OOL / WOT 1.10; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.94.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4E2FF0FFD40AC49FBCC2FE9.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected in the northeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49CFF0DFD40ADEAFC722E2A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 0 A 00469 - 377 A- 44 C 8 - 9 C 89 - D 3804 C 06 D 413 Figs 83, 92	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49CFF0DFD40ADEAFC722E2A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a cluster of species with the basal wing cells nearly glabrous, clypeus short and semi-elliptical, and head moderately deep and convex dorsally and ventrally. Separated from similar species by the deep head (DH / LH ~ 0.61), black mandible which is not twisted or outwardly convex, distinct malar space, and propodeal disc with a triangular polished area on the posterior 2 / 3, narrowed anteriorly (in most species with a polished area it is parallel-sided, or triangular and located on the anterior portion). The pale spots on the head are distinctive but not always clearly visible.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49CFF0DFD40ADEAFC722E2A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ infectus ’, ‘ stained’, referring to the discolored face.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49CFF0DFD40ADEAFC722E2A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Collinsvale; elev. 300 m; 2 Feb. 1983; M. A. Williams leg.; Malaise trap; SAMA. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 2 ♀♀; King Is., Martha Lavinia Road, heathland; 39.6567 ° S, 144.0678 ° E; 18 Dec. 2023 – 13 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap series 3; TMAG F 180576, F 180577.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49CFF0DFD40ADEAFC722E2A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broadened toward apex; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view distinctly elbowed externally, internal margin nearly straight. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with mostly moderately sparse setae, extending more densely to postgenal depression in a narrow strip. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area on posterior 2 / 3, broadest posteriorly; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 with very short apical setae. Sixth sternum narrowly glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Predominantly black, head with irregular orange-brown coloration between the eye and antenna and on anterior gena, metasoma orange-brown anteriorly, posterior segments darker. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.81 mm; LM 0.88 mm (0.88 – 1.01); WH / LH 0.88 (0.86 – 0.88); DH / LH 0.61 (0.59 – 0.61); EV / HE 0.53 (0.47 – 0.53); EV / WF 0.61 (0.52 – 0.61); WF / HE 0.88 (0.88 – 0.89); WH / WF 1.95 (1.88 – 1.95); OOL / WOT 1.11 (1.04 – 1.11); DM / LM 0.42; FL / FW 1.84 (1.84 – 1.97); HFL / HFW 2.52 (2.38 – 2.52); A 3 L / W 1.42 (1.42 – 1.43); 2 R 1 L / W 2.30. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49CFF0DFD40ADEAFC722E2A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from two collections.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49CFF0DFD40ADEAFC722E2A.taxon	discussion	Remarks The holotype has very distinct pale orange-brown marks on the anterodorsal and anteroventral eye margins; in the paratypes these are present but much fainter.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49EFF0BFDA8ACD4FA972E36.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8 B 3 D 6 F 35 - B 2 F 2 - 4 D 16 - B 1 E 8 - 8 A 43 C 548 D 39 B Figs 90, 93	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49EFF0BFDA8ACD4FA972E36.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with a strongly compressed body and flat head, separated from the compressa group by the relatively long, quadrate head. Distinguished from other similar species by having the ocellar triangle strongly acute, basal wing cells densely setose, and mandible reddish brown.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49EFF0BFDA8ACD4FA972E36.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the type locality on the border between the wet and dry zones of Queensland.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49EFF0BFDA8ACD4FA972E36.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 6 km W by S of Paluma; 11 May 1980; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC 32 - 154838. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 2 ♀♀; Davies Creek Road, 20 km SE of Mareeba; elev. 750 m; 17 Dec. 1989; Monteith and Thompson leg.; pyrethrum, logs and trees; QM • 1 ♀; 3 km S of Mt Spurgeon; 16 ° 27 ′ S, 145 ° 11 ′ E; 20 – 22 Nov. 1997; C. J. Burwell leg.; open forest; QM • 1 ♀; Baldy Mt Road, 3.3 km from S end; 17 ° 20 ′ S, 145 ° 25 ′ E; elev. 1100 m; 30 Nov. 1997; C. J. Burwell leg.; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49EFF0BFDA8ACD4FA972E36.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded or truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; slightly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible reddish brown. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.99 mm; LM 0.97 mm (0.86 – 0.98); WH / LH 0.77 (0.75 – 0.79); DH / LH 0.42 (0.42 – 0.44); EV / HE 1.13 (1.09 – 1.14); EV / WF 1.04 (1.00 – 1.07); WF / HE 1.09 (1.05 – 1.09); WH / WF 1.71 (1.71 – 1.81); OOL / WOT 2.53 (2.38 – 2.63); DM / LM 0.29; FL / FW 2.13 (2.13 – 2.27); HFL / HFW 2.32 (2.32 – 2.58); A 3 L / W 1.11 (1.10 – 1.22); 2 R 1 L / W 3.05. N = 5.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49EFF0BFDA8ACD4FA972E36.taxon	distribution	Distribution North Queensland. Collected at several localities in rain forest between Townsville and Port Douglas.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D498FF09FD5CAC38FB4B2DCB.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 2 B 4819 BD- 59 F 8 - 42 B 9 - BBB 9 - F 57 C 75 E 6276 C Figs 83, 94	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D498FF09FD5CAC38FB4B2DCB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a cluster of species with the head moderately deep (DH / LH ~ 0.57) and convex dorsally; lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest; and basal wing cells densely setose. Very similar to S. nitidigena sp. nov. and S. pelion sp. nov., sharing the moderately narrow mandible which is distinctly concave ventrally and strongly convex outwardly, distinct malar space, and clypeus lacking a sharp carina. Separated from the former by the narrow metafemur, gena reticulate posterolaterally, and S 6 glabrous medially; and from the latter by the narrower frons with smoother sculpture, and narrow, parallel-sided cell 1 M. Also close to S. nesomeson sp. nov. and S. paraglutinata sp. nov., as the mandible may be slightly reddish brown; separated from those species by the generally darker color and lack of a short carina between the lateral ocelli. The head is also more flattened dorsally and ventrally, giving it a distinctly different appearance from all the above species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D498FF09FD5CAC38FB4B2DCB.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ intonsus ’, ‘ unshaved’, referring to the coarse appearance of the gena.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D498FF09FD5CAC38FB4B2DCB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Upper Williams River; Oct. 1926; Lea and Wilson leg.; SAMA 32 - 42927. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 2 ♀♀; Mt Barrow 11 km E by N of Nunamara; 41 ° 23 ′ S, 147 ° 25 ′ E; 30 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D498FF09FD5CAC38FB4B2DCB.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 with very short apical setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with moderately dense setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.65 mm; LM 0.83 mm (0.80 – 0.91); WH / LH 0.86 (0.83 – 0.86); DH / LH 0.57 (0.57 – 0.59); EV / HE 0.54 (0.54 – 0.58); EV / WF 0.58 (0.58 – 0.62); WF / HE 0.92 (0.92 – 0.94); WH / WF 1.89 (1.82 – 1.89); OOL / WOT 1.25 (1.19 – 1.25); DM / LM 0.42; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.45 (2.45 – 2.70); A 3 L / W 1.30 (1.30 – 1.37); 2 R 1 L / W 2.81. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D498FF09FD5CAC38FB4B2DCB.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales and Tasmania; known only from two collections.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D498FF09FD5CAC38FB4B2DCB.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is very similar to S. pelion sp. nov. and was initially thought to be conspecific with it, but the features separating them are very consistent in the long series of the latter. The overall appearance of the head in both dorsal and lateral view is also different as shown in the figures. The two Tasmania specimens, taken alongside one of S. pelion, have slightly finer sculpture than the type but clearly have the characters of the frons width, femur width, and cell 1 M shape of S. intonsa sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49AFF07FD43AFB4FD682D15.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 063 C 3171 - DC 94 - 4 E 3 B- 98 AE- 15 B 554561 FF 1 Figs 26, 95	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49AFF07FD43AFB4FD682D15.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Differing from most other species by the combination of basal wing cells sparsely setose, mandible moderately broad and distinctly concave ventrally, and clypeus semicircular. Forming a species pair with S. ambitiosa sp. nov., united in having the head moderately compressed (DH / LH ~ 0.50), vertex slightly bulging and carinate between the lateral ocelli, and the mandible broadest at about 2 / 3 its length and slightly narrowed at the apex. Separated by having the coxae and femora entirely brown and OOL / WOT lower, ~ 1.43 vs 1.60 – 1.70.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49AFF07FD43AFB4FD682D15.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ isolatus ’, ‘ isolated’, referring to the unique type from Augustus Island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49AFF07FD43AFB4FD682D15.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Augustus Island CALM Site 26 / 1; 15 ° 25 ′ S, 124 ° 38 ′ E; 11 – 16 Jun. 1988; I. D. Naumann leg.; Malaise, trough, and pan traps, closed forest and margins; ANIC 32 - 154839.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49AFF07FD43AFB4FD682D15.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a distinct but narrow, sharp ridge raised slightly above the otherwise flat surface; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed just beyond base and broadened distally, apex slightly narrowed, broadest at apical 2 / 3; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.23 mm; LM 0.70 mm; WH / LH 0.80; DH / LH 0.50; EV / HE 0.64; EV / WF 0.72; WF / HE 0.88; WH / WF 1.93; OOL / WOT 1.43; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.06; A 3 L / W 0.87; 2 R 1 L / W 2.82.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49AFF07FD43AFB4FD682D15.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype, collected in the Kimberley region.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D49AFF07FD43AFB4FD682D15.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. ambitiosa sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D494FF02FD41AFDFFBC62F6C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 03 F 61171 - 5 E 65 - 44 B 5 - AB 79 - 4 C 17 C 9013 FDB Figs 96 – 97	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D494FF02FD41AFDFFBC62F6C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a complex of species with the head compressed and weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, frons moderately broad, mandible reddish brown to black and distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest. Distinguished from similar species by the very short clypeus which is steep and nearly straight in profile. Closest to S. leptadelpha sp. nov., which has the mandible distinctly broader, metafemur broader (HFL / HFW ≤ 2.40), frons broader (WF / HE ≥ 1.20), and OOL / WOT ≤ 2.00.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D494FF02FD41AFDFFBC62F6C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ iubaris ’, ‘ sunshine’, from the type locality in the area of the Sunshine Coast. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D494FF02FD41AFDFFBC62F6C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Woombye, near Nambour; 11 – 16 Oct. 1965; D. H. Colless leg.; ANIC 32 - 154840. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Binna Burra, Lamington National Park; 27 May 1966; Z. Liepa leg.; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D494FF02FD41AFDFFBC62F6C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely or sparsely setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.61 mm; LM 0.82 mm; WH / LH 0.82; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 0.88; EV / WF 0.76; WF / HE 1.09; WH / WF 1.73; OOL / WOT 1.82; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 2.25; HFL / HFW 2.28; A 3 L / W 1.17; 2 R 1 L / W 2.47.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D494FF02FD41AFDFFBC62F6C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from two specimens, both taken on the southeast coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D491FF00FD5AAD16FB7328C3.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 5 BEB 8 F 22 - ADE 0 - 465 C- 8859 - 7 AB 69 A 48 D 7 C 5 Figs 98, 110	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D491FF00FD5AAD16FB7328C3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Namesake of the kalarku species group, with the mandible strongly twisted and shiny, head more or less triangular in dorsal view, vertex slightly concave, frons microsculpture smooth, clypeus without any trace of a carina, and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. Distinguished from related species by the combination of the head ventrally weakly convex (without a distinct genal angle), malar space distinct, propodeum with a polished basal triangle extending only 1 / 3 distance to the declivity, and vein Rs joining the anterior wing margin.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D491FF00FD5AAD16FB7328C3.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the Kalarku people (alt. Kalaako, Galaagu), the Aboriginal inhabitants of the area where the type was collected. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D491FF00FD5AAD16FB7328C3.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Moir’s Rock, 42 km NNW of Salmon Gums; 32 ° 39 ′ S, 121 ° 25 ′ E; 3 Jan. 1987; G. and A. Daniels leg.; QM T 262161.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D491FF00FD5AAD16FB7328C3.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally (basally somewhat convex); in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; strongly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or slightly shorter. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture smooth and polished posterolaterally, finely microreticulate ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.26 mm; LM 0.75 mm; WH / LH 0.83; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 0.46; EV / WF 0.48; WF / HE 0.95; WH / WF 1.84; OOL / WOT 1.38; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.06; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.92.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D491FF00FD5AAD16FB7328C3.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype, collected in the semi-arid zone.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D493FF1EFDABAA8CFB052999.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 794 D 9 B 08 - BE 5 D- 43 E 7 - 803 C-E 26 CA 5 DDBD 5 F Figs 99, 101	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D493FF1EFDABAA8CFB052999.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a species pair with S. badiorostris sp. nov. in having the the basal wing cells nearly glabrous, head somewhat compressed (DH / LH ~ 0.50), transverse propodeal carina present, and occipital margin narrowly carinate between the lateral ocelli. Differing in having the clypeus dorsally with a low sharp carina rather than angulate or rounded, smaller OOL / WOT (1.14 vs 1.44), and braoder profemur.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D493FF1EFDABAA8CFB052999.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the collectors, Robert and Lynn Kimsey of the University of California, Davis.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D493FF1EFDABAA8CFB052999.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Eyre Peninsula, 5 km NE of Coffin Bay; 14 Nov. 1992; R. B. and L. S. Kimsey leg.; ex. bottlebrush; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D493FF1EFDABAA8CFB052999.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex weakly pointed; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate or distinct but smooth, more or less shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.86 mm; LM 0.92 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.55; EV / WF 0.58; WF / HE 0.95; WH / WF 1.82; OOL / WOT 1.14; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 1.96; HFL / HFW 2.21; A 3 L / W 1.32; 2 R 1 L / W 2.53.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D493FF1EFDABAA8CFB052999.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected near the tip of the Eyre Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48DFF1CFD48AA45FBE4292A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 45 E 30 C 3 F-ED 4 B- 4 FCB- 9486 - D 118 F 59 E 9 D 3 C Figs 100 – 101	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48DFF1CFD48AA45FBE4292A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a species complex with S. platyrhyncha sp. nov. and S. samiata sp. nov., characterized by the broad, flat clypeus which is curved in profile, highly polished, and largely impunctate; head broad and compressed; and vertex concave in dorsal view. Separated from the other two by having the basal wing cells sparsely setose rather than glabrous, frons distinctly broader than an eye length, ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly acute rather than strongly obtuse, and propodeum with a narrow polished strip.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48DFF1CFD48AA45FBE4292A.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the resemblance of the large polished clypeus to the prominent black nose of the iconic Australian mammal. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48DFF1CFD48AA45FBE4292A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; The Grampians, Rose’s Gap; 3 – 5 Mar. 1990; R. Wharton leg.; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48DFF1CFD48AA45FBE4292A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process broad, elongate, semicircular at the apex, apex broadly rounded; dorsally flat, margins dropping off vertically; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible strongly oblique, with ventral tooth largest, three dorsal teeth equal. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible concave in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent, median area with a narrow polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.55 mm; LM 0.88 mm; WH / LH 0.93; DH / LH 0.41; EV / HE 0.45; EV / WF 0.36; WF / HE 1.26; WH / WF 1.66; OOL / WOT 1.13; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.80; HFL / HFW 2.24; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 2.67.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48DFF1CFD48AA45FBE4292A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from the holotype collected in the Grampian range.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48FFF1AFD56ABD5FA9C2DD5.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 0 E 3 DC 5 CB- 22 E 7 - 49 A 0 - A 76 D-F 6776471 B 2 C 1 Figs 97, 102	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48FFF1AFD56ABD5FA9C2DD5.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the large group of species with the head convex dorsally and ventrally and basal wing cells setose. Easily recognized by the unusual mandible, abruptly constricted at the basal 1 / 6 and then gradually broadened apically. The frons microsculpture is also heterogeneous, granular and dull between the eyes and distinctly smoother posteriorly. Superficially similar to S. ambitiosa sp. nov., including in the intermediate setation of the basal wing cells, but the mandibles are distinctly different and the clypeus is more clearly carinate.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48FFF1AFD56ABD5FA9C2DD5.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the type locality. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48FFF1AFD56ABD5FA9C2DD5.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 1.5 km SE of Kuranda; 16 – 17 May 1980; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC 32 - 154841. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Kuranda Range State Forest; 20 Apr. 1967; D. H. Colless leg.; ANIC • 1 ♀; Brisbane, Indooroopilly, Univ. of Qld. Expt. Mine; 3 Nov. 1979; J. B. Woolley and J. LaSalle leg.; UCRC 537460.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48FFF1AFD56ABD5FA9C2DD5.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a sharp carina, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, constricted just past articulation, gradually broadened towards apex; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture microreticulate and dull between eyes and antennae, distinctly smoother between eyes and ocelli. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.68 mm; LM 0.85 mm (1.00 – 1.14); WH / LH 0.82 (0.80 – 0.84); DH / LH 0.56 (0.55 – 0.56); EV / HE 0.76 (0.72 – 0.77); EV / WF 0.69 (0.62 – 0.70); WF / HE 1.11 (1.11 – 1.17); WH / WF 1.71 (1.69 – 1.71); OOL / WOT 1.60 (1.58 – 1.65); DM / LM 0.43; FL / FW 2.00 (2.00 – 2.14); HFL / HFW 2.10 (2.10 – 2.15); A 3 L / W 1.10 (1.00 – 1.11); 2 R 1 L / W 2.60. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48FFF1AFD56ABD5FA9C2DD5.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from three collections, but widely distributed from Cairns to Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48FFF1AFD56ABD5FA9C2DD5.taxon	discussion	Remarks The deep basal notch of the mandible is almost unique; a few other species have it deeply incised at the base but with the apical portion somewhat clubbed, rather than otherwise normal and elongate as here.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D489FF18FD53AF9EFC432DE0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 85852 E 85 - 7 E 41 - 426 A-AE 84 - 0 F 6 EBC 4 ED 886 Figs 101, 103	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D489FF18FD53AF9EFC432DE0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Resembling species of the ficicola species group in having the head compressed and flat dorsally and ventrally and frons only moderately broad, but the head is wider than any of the other species (WH / LH 0.80 – 0.84) and the antenna is much longer, extending well beyond the posterior margin of the head. These characters combined with the narrow profemur (FL / FW ~ 2.5) and curved clypeus separate it from all others.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D489FF18FD53AF9EFC432DE0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the diminutive of the Latin ‘ lacertus ’, ‘ upper arm’, referring to the thin profemur. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D489FF18FD53AF9EFC432DE0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; King Is., Pegarah Nature Reserve; 39.9441 ° S, 143.9905 ° E; 18 Dec. 2023 – 13 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap series 3; TMAG F 180565. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 19 Nov. – 16 Dec. 2023; S. J. Grove, L. Cambra and M. Beattie leg.; Malaise trap series 3; TMAG F 152996.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D489FF18FD53AF9EFC432DE0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process trapezoidal, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; slightly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart (sparser posteriorly). Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose anterolaterally, otherwise smoothly reticulate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur narrow, over 2.5 times as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and meso- and metafemora dark brown to black, profemur light brown to yellow, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.64 mm; LM 0.77 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 1.10; EV / WF 0.94; WF / HE 1.16; WH / WF 1.72; OOL / WOT 2.13; DM / LM 0.32; FL / FW 2.53; HFL / HFW 2.57; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 2.82.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D489FF18FD53AF9EFC432DE0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from two specimens collected on King Island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48BFF16FD56AFE2FB582C0C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 06 D 5 AA 4 - 810 E- 48 C 0 - B 88 E- 6 C 57 CA 24 F 8 D 6 Figs 101, 104	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48BFF16FD56AFE2FB582C0C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex dorsally and ventrally and basal wing cells setose, distinguished from most species by the moderately broad frons (WF / HE 1.15 – 1.20), clypeus semi-elliptical with a low carina dorsally, head moderately broad and deep, mandible distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli distinctly separated from the vertex crest. Closest to S. exleyae sp. nov. and S. ovata sp. nov.; separated from both by the colliculate frons microsculpture, vertex narrowly carinate between the lateral ocelli, and head slightly more compressed (DH / LH 0.53 – 0.54 vs 0.57 – 0.58).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48BFF16FD56AFE2FB582C0C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ lacus ’, ‘ lake’, referring to the numerous artificial lakes in the area of the type collection.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48BFF16FD56AFE2FB582C0C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 14 km S of Bronte Park; 42 ° 15 ′ S, 146 ° 29 ′ E; 15 Jan. – 3 Feb. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154842. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC • 1 ♀; 3 km E by S of Montumana; 40 ° 58 ′ S, 145 ° 33 ′ E; 19 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; Frodshams Pass; 42 ° 49 ′ S, 146 ° 23 ′ E; 24 – 25 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48BFF16FD56AFE2FB582C0C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a sharp carina, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture minutely colliculate, appearing dull at low magnification but with each cellule shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.11 mm; LM 1.00 mm (0.93 – 1.02); WH / LH 0.86 (0.82 – 0.86); DH / LH 0.53 (0.53 – 0.54); EV / HE 0.80 (0.74 – 0.82); EV / WF 0.66 (0.64 – 0.69); WF / HE 1.20 (1.15 – 1.20); WH / WF 1.66 (1.63 – 1.71); OOL / WOT 1.65 (1.62 – 1.76); DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.40 (2.32 – 2.40); HFL / HFW 2.50 (2.45 – 2.56); A 3 L / W 1.37 (1.21 – 1.37); 2 R 1 L / W 2.62. N = 4.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D48BFF16FD56AFE2FB582C0C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from four specimens collected across the western half of the island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D484FF15FD4FA85DFC712AE6.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4 DBCDA 8 C- 1228 - 4 BBD-BE 6 B- 8 D 278527 CC 4 A Figs 90, 105	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D484FF15FD4FA85DFC712AE6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis An aberrant member of the compressa species group, with the head flattened and frons broad but mesosoma not compressed. Closest to S. medialis sp. nov. and S. planifrons sp. nov., separated by having the head rather narrow (WH / LH ~ 0.79), clypeus elongate in profile and semi-elliptical but very broad, and mandible yellow.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D484FF15FD4FA85DFC712AE6.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ lapis ’, ‘ stone’, referring to the resemblance of the head to a skipping stone. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D484FF15FD4FA85DFC712AE6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Coleman River; 14 ° 48 ′ S, 143 ° 22 ′ E; 26 Jun. 1993; I. D. Naumann and P. Zborowski leg.; ANIC 32 - 154843. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D484FF15FD4FA85DFC712AE6.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible moderately broad, constricted just past articulation, gradually broadened towards apex; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with shallow punctures, dense near antennae, 2 – 3 pit widths apart posterior of midpoint of eyes. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, those on S 6 twice as long as others. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible yellow. Coxae and metafemur brown, other femora brown dorsally, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.92 mm; LM 1.02 mm; WH / LH 0.79; DH / LH 0.43; EV / HE 0.80; EV / WF 0.67; WF / HE 1.18; WH / WF 1.63; OOL / WOT 1.86; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 2.10; HFL / HFW 2.38; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 2.47.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D484FF15FD4FA85DFC712AE6.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected far north.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D484FF15FD4FA85DFC712AE6.taxon	discussion	Remarks This unusual species is probably related to S. planifrons sp. nov., sharing the robust mesosoma which is unlike the defining character of the compressa species group. However, the head is of the typical elongate, flattened shape, very similar to S. medialis sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D486FF12FD47A8E9FCF928DB.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 30954 D 4 F-FD 78 - 49 DA- 9 AA 3 - 69 B 886 DA 174 C Figs 101, 106	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D486FF12FD47A8E9FCF928DB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a complex of species with the head flat dorsally and ventrally, and elongate posterior of the eyes but frons not particularly broad. Closest in general appearance to S. adelaidensis sp. nov. and S. comparata sp. nov., sharing the slightly carinate vertex posterior of the ocelli; distinctly different from those and all other similar species by the distinctly elongate clypeus, especially prominent in lateral view. The setation of the basal wing cells is also unusual, mostly glabrous with cell R densely setose distally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D486FF12FD47A8E9FCF928DB.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ latens ’, ‘ concealed’ or ‘ hidden’, referring to the single specimen of this species found among a long series of S. disjuncta sp. nov. from the same locality.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D486FF12FD47A8E9FCF928DB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Dainers Gap; 36 ° 12 ′ S, 148 ° 43 ′ E; elev. 1585 m; 13 Dec. 1973; P. Morrow leg.; ex Eucalyptus pauciflora; ANIC 32 - 154844.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D486FF12FD47A8E9FCF928DB.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate or with a sharp carina; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with moderately dense setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing mostly glabrous, cell R densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.70 mm; LM 0.83 mm; WH / LH 0.72; DH / LH 0.47; EV / HE 0.97; EV / WF 1.00; WF / HE 0.97; WH / WF 1.84; OOL / WOT 1.77; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.20; HFL / HFW 2.42; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.53.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D486FF12FD47A8E9FCF928DB.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D480FF11FD56A85DFC392F98.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 FA 1 FAB 8 - 492 E- 4095 - BE 4 D- 1 A 7937 C 7 F 525 Figs 107 – 108	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D480FF11FD56A85DFC392F98.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Superficially similar to other species with the head compressed and flat dorsally and ventrally, mandible reddish brown and distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest. Closest to S. leptadelpha sp. nov., sharing the broad frons and densely setose basal wing cells; separated by the distinctly curved clypeus in profile, mandible not twisted, flat dorsum of the head, and broader femora.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D480FF11FD56A85DFC392F98.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ latus ’, ‘ broad’, + ‘ frons ’, ‘ front’, referring to the wide frons.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D480FF11FD56A85DFC392F98.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Acacia Ridge near Brisbane; 30 Dec. 1979; G. Gordh leg.; UCRC 556777.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D480FF11FD56A85DFC392F98.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex to nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black, clypeus orange to yellow. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae brown basally and yellow apically, femora tinged with brown, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.61 mm; LM 0.84 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 1.00; EV / WF 0.82; WF / HE 1.22; WH / WF 1.68; OOL / WOT 1.97; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.07; HFL / HFW 2.24; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 3.11.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D480FF11FD56A85DFC392F98.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D482FF2CFD9EAC5BFDBC2867.taxon	description	Figs 109 – 110	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D482FF2CFD9EAC5BFDBC2867.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the megacephala group, with the head large and flat dorsally and ventrally, frons very broad, clypeus short with a low carina, and ocelli well removed from the vertex crest. Closely related to S. capitata sp. nov. and S. stipulata sp. nov. with the femora dark, head posterior of the eyes convex, and ocelli separated from the vertex by 2 – 3 ocellus lengths. Distinguished by the head shape, dorsally slightly concave in lateral view between the eyes and ocelli and vertex slightly but distinctly concave, and lacking dense ventral setation.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D482FF2CFD9EAC5BFDBC2867.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; SW Australia, Yallingup; 1 – 12 Dec. 1913; R. E. Turner leg.; NHMUK. Other material examined AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • 3 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; NHMUK • 2 ♀♀; Dongarra; 6 – 19 May 1935; R. E. Turner leg.; NHMUK • 4 ♀♀; Dongarra; 13 – 22 Aug. 1935; R. E. Turner leg.; NHMUK • 10 ♀♀; Dongarra; 23 Aug. – 5 Sep. 1935; R. E. Turner leg.; NHMUK • 1 ♀; Dongarra; 11 – 28 Oct. 1935; R. E. Turner leg.; NHMUK • 1 ♀; Dongarra; 22 Aug. – 5 Sep. 1936 [possible misprinted label for 23 Aug – 5 Sep. 1935]; R. E. Turner leg.; NHMUK.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D482FF2CFD9EAC5BFDBC2867.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly concave between eyes and ocelli, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina faintly present, curving on each side; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely yellow except the two terminal flagellomeres brown. Mandible black. Legs yellowish brown. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.18 mm; LM 1.17 mm; WH / LH 0.80; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 1.25; EV / WF 0.94; WF / HE 1.33; WH / WF 1.58; OOL / WOT 2.35; DM / LM 0.42; FL / FW 2.18.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D482FF2CFD9EAC5BFDBC2867.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known from several collections at two localities on the southwestern coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D482FF2CFD9EAC5BFDBC2867.taxon	discussion	Remarks Although numerous specimens were obtained in the original series, this species has not been collected since 1935. Sierola gilbertae Ward, 2013 of New Zealand fits in between S. leeuwinensis and S. capitata sp. nov. in having the basal wing cells nearly glabrous and vertex nearly straight like the latter, but the mandible broad and only weakly concave like the former; it differs from both in having the clypeus evenly sloping rather than curved.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BFFF2AFDA8AA6BFE642FAE.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: BB 3 F 86 CA-DF 55 - 4 C 05 - 8 F 7 E- 8 CA 3557 E 504 A Figs 108, 111	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BFFF2AFDA8AA6BFE642FAE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the basal wing cells glabrous, head convex dorsally, and clypeus evenly curved in profile, distinguished by the moderately deep head (DH / LH 0.55 – 0.60), mostly dark mandible, and lack of a carina between the lateral ocelli. Closest to S. peras sp. nov., separated by having the mandible broader, frons narrower than the eye height, and head shorter posterior of the eye.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BFFF2AFDA8AA6BFE642FAE.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ lemniscatus ’, ‘ banded’, referring to the alternating sculpture of the mandibles.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BFFF2AFDA8AA6BFE642FAE.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Horse Gully, foot of Bunya Mts; 7 Oct. 1984; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154845. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Applethorpe; 19 Oct. – 13 Dec. 1982; B. F. Ingram leg.; Malaise trap; QM • 1 ♀; Mt Glorious; 26 Oct. – 5 Dec. 1989; A. Hiller leg.; Malaise trap; QM • 2 ♀♀; Brisbane, Long Pocket; 27 ° 31 ′ S, 153 ° 00 ′ E; 10 Jun. 1991; C. J. Burwell leg.; QM • 1 ♀; Boggomoss 3 via Taroom; 25 ° 26 ′ S, 150 ° 01 ′ E; 12 Nov. 1996 – Jan. 1997; D. Cook and G. Monteith leg.; Pitfall traps 042; QM T 33422 • 1 ♀; Boggomoss 30 via Taroom; 25 ° 29 ′ S, 150 ° 08 ′ E; 14 Nov. 1996 – Jan. 1997; D. Cook and G. Monteith leg.; baited flight intercept 057; QM T 33424 • 1 ♀; Bunya Mts, Paradise, top track; 26 ° 52 ′ S, 151 ° 35 ′ E; 24 Oct. 1997; G. Thompson leg.; pyrethrum logs + bunya trunks, 5029; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BFFF2AFDA8AA6BFE642FAE.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular or semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining at base and apex, coriaceous medially; in ventral view strongly elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity (sometimes extended narrowly to declivity); transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black, or mostly black and orange-brown medially. Legs all yellow except dorsal margins of femora tinged with brown, or coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae dark brown, trochanters, tarsi, and bands at bases and apices of tibiae orange. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical, or distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.67 mm; LM 0.89 mm (0.67 – 0.89); WH / LH 0.91 (0.87 – 0.91); DH / LH 0.57 (0.54 – 0.58); EV / HE 0.43 (0.40 – 0.47); EV / WF 0.51 (0.46 – 0.53); WF / HE 0.83 (0.81 – 0.88); WH / WF 1.97 (1.90 – 2.04); OOL / WOT 1.07 (1.05 – 1.20); DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.88 (1.82 – 2.00); HFL / HFW 2.19 (2.00 – 2.19); A 3 L / W 1.08 (0.91 – 1.09); 2 R 1 L / W 2.59. N = 8.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BFFF2AFDA8AA6BFE642FAE.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from several collections in the southeast, probably also extending into New South Wales.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BFFF2AFDA8AA6BFE642FAE.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is somewhat variable in the mandible and leg color, form of the propodeum, and shape of cell 1 M. However, the characters do not co-vary, and the specimens on hand are unusually similar morphometrically.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B9FF28FDA5AC51FC5B2D7A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 FDAF 29 E- 3 A 03 - 40 C 6 - 8 AF 6 - D 3 AB 7979 BD 8 F Figs 101, 112	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B9FF28FDA5AC51FC5B2D7A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a complex of species with the head compressed and flat to weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, frons broad, mandible reddish brown to black and distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest. Distinguished from similar species by the very short clypeus which is steep and nearly straight in profile, and densely setose basal wing cells. Closest to S. jubaris sp. nov., which has the mandible distinctly narrower, metafemur broader (HFL / HFW ≥ 2.40), frons narrower (WF / HE ≤ 1.20), and OOL / WOT ≥ 2.00.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B9FF28FDA5AC51FC5B2D7A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ leptos ’, ‘ small’, + ‘ adelphe ’, ‘ sister’, referring to the similarity of this species to S. geminata sp. nov. and S. stipulata sp. nov., and its smaller size. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B9FF28FDA5AC51FC5B2D7A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 5 km SE by S of Redpa; 40 ° 57 ′ S, 144 ° 49 ′ E; 18 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154846. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • 1 ♀; Sherbrooke; 7 Dec. 1916; [illegible] leg.; MVMA HYM- 86589.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B9FF28FDA5AC51FC5B2D7A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical or very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous or finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex or nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex to nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown to black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.65 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.80; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 0.97; EV / WF 0.80; WF / HE 1.21; WH / WF 1.63; OOL / WOT 2.17; DM / LM 0.42; FL / FW 2.42; HFL / HFW 2.59; A 3 L / W 1.20; 2 R 1 L / W 3.47.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B9FF28FDA5AC51FC5B2D7A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania and Victoria; known from one specimen each.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B9FF28FDA5AC51FC5B2D7A.taxon	discussion	Remarks The specimens from Victoria and Tasmania are slightly different and may prove to be cryptic species. Compared to the Tasmanian holotype, the former has the head more narrowed anteriorly in lateral view, with the clypeus appearing more elongate despite still being quite short. However, they are not strongly distinct and may be in the range of variation of a single species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BBFF26FDA3AF64FC0F2EEA.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: FDCD 63 F 8 - F 33 F- 4 E 4 B- 8 C 51 - CAEDA 6 FCBD 5 E Figs 108, 113	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BBFF26FDA3AF64FC0F2EEA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the large complex of species with the head convex dorsally, basal wing cells setose, and mandible reddish brown. Distinguished from all others by the compressed head, distinctly obtuse ocellar triangle, and mandible convex outwardly with the ventral tooth slightly posterior of the second.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BBFF26FDA3AF64FC0F2EEA.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ leptos ’, ‘ small’, + ‘ gnathos ’, ‘ jaw’, referring to the narrow mandibles. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BBFF26FDA3AF64FC0F2EEA.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Samsonvale Cemetery, 8.5 km SSE of Dayboro; 27 ° 16 ′ S, 152 ° 52 ′ E; 2 Nov. 1997; C. J. Burwell leg.; QM T 262162. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BBFF26FDA3AF64FC0F2EEA.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly slightly curved so that ventral tooth slightly posterior of second, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.29 mm; LM 0.64 mm (0.64 – 0.75); WH / LH 0.86 (0.86 – 0.90); DH / LH 0.47 (0.45 – 0.47); EV / HE 0.63 (0.56 – 0.63); EV / WF 0.58 (0.52 – 0.58); WF / HE 1.09 (1.08 – 1.10); WH / WF 1.73 (1.72 – 1.74); OOL / WOT 1.19 (1.19 – 1.29); DM / LM 0.31; FL / FW 2.07 (1.95 – 2.07); HFL / HFW 2.04 (1.93 – 2.04); A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 3.08. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4BBFF26FDA3AF64FC0F2EEA.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the type series, collected near Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B5FF24FD5DAC94FCFA2EB4.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 604 B 95 E- 5 C 8 E- 4691 - A 448 - F 671 A 99 DF 270 Figs 108, 114	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B5FF24FD5DAC94FCFA2EB4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a complex of species with the head flat to weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, mandible reddish brown to black and distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest. Distinguished from similar species by the prominently curved clypeus, sparsely setose basal wing cells, lateral ocelli separate from the vertex crest by an ocellus length, moderately deep head (DH / LH ~ 0.55), and conspicuous ventral setae of the head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B5FF24FD5DAC94FCFA2EB4.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ limitatus ’, ‘ border’, from the type locality on the border between New South Wales and Queensland.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B5FF24FD5DAC94FCFA2EB4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Donaldson State Forest via Woodenbong; 30 Dec. 1979; I. D. Naumann leg.; ANIC 32 - 154847.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B5FF24FD5DAC94FCFA2EB4.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex or nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dull yellow. Mandible reddish brown. Legs yellowish brown. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.89 mm; LM 0.95 mm; WH / LH 0.82; DH / LH 0.55; EV / HE 1.00; EV / WF 0.80; WF / HE 1.25; WH / WF 1.64; OOL / WOT 1.71; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.08; HFL / HFW 2.26; A 3 L / W 1.32; 2 R 1 L / W 2.50.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B5FF24FD5DAC94FCFA2EB4.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B5FF24FD5DAC94FCFA2EB4.taxon	discussion	Remarks Like several similar species, the intermediate character states cause this to key out in several places, but it is quite distinct in its combination of characters.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B7FF22FD55ACBEFBCF2ECE.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 61529 C 0 A-D 2 BE- 4185 - 82 CE- 5 D 613 BDBE 295 Figs 90, 115	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B7FF22FD55ACBEFBCF2ECE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the basal wing cells glabrous and head convex dorsally, closest to S. carinifrons sp. nov. and S. kimseyana sp. nov. in having the frons shining and weakly sculpted, malar space short, and clypeus evenly curved in profile. Separated from both by the obtuse ocellar triangle (lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest), broad head (WH / LH ≥ 0.89), and broad metafemur (HFL / HFW ≤ 2.15). Additionally separated from the latter by the broad, polished median strip on the propodeum and lack of a carina between the lateral ocelli.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B7FF22FD55ACBEFBCF2ECE.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ lissos ’, ‘ smooth’, + ‘ noton ’, ‘ back’, referring to the broadly polished propodeum and generally smooth cuticle sculpture.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B7FF22FD55ACBEFBCF2ECE.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 3 km S of Pine Mt; 21 ° 46 ′ S, 148 ° 51 ′ E; elev. 230 m; 6 Oct. – 17 Dec. 1999; D. and I. Cook leg.; vine scrub intercept, 9041; QM T 262163.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B7FF22FD55ACBEFBCF2ECE.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to rounded triangular, apex rounded or weakly pointed; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.54 mm; LM 0.83 mm; WH / LH 0.94; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.42; EV / WF 0.47; WF / HE 0.89; WH / WF 1.97; OOL / WOT 1.00; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 1.79; HFL / HFW 1.95; A 3 L / W 1.20; 2 R 1 L / W 2.76.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B7FF22FD55ACBEFBCF2ECE.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected near the central coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B1FF21FD59ACB1FB152911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 5 ED 17 F 6 - 1 B 61 - 470 F-BCC 8 - 09 FBE 45 DAD 87 Figs 116 – 117	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B1FF21FD59ACB1FB152911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the large complex of species with the head convex dorsally, basal wing cells setose, and mandible reddish brown. Distinguished from all others by the compressed head, short, transverse clypeus, vertex and gena setae elongate and conspicuous, and propodeum with a narrow polished median strip.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B1FF21FD59ACB1FB152911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ litoralis ’, ‘ of the shore’, for the coastal type locality.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B1FF21FD59ACB1FB152911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Aldinga Scrub, 40 km SSW of Adelaide; 27 Mar. – 9 Apr. 1987; P. Dangerfield leg.; Malaise trap; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B1FF21FD59ACB1FB152911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded or truncate; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, median area with a narrow polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum narrowly glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely to sparsely setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.61 mm; LM 0.82 mm; WH / LH 0.90; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.59; EV / WF 0.59; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.82; OOL / WOT 1.06; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 1.91; HFL / HFW 1.92; A 3 L / W 0.68; 2 R 1 L / W 2.35.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B1FF21FD59ACB1FB152911.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected near the coast south of Adelaide.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B2FF3FFDA9ABDDFCEB2985.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 7 CC 2 FA 1 B-F 2 D 8 - 4 CAF- 810 F- 33 F 21 EF 7 E 6 F 7 Figs 90, 118	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B2FF3FFDA9ABDDFCEB2985.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Namesake of the longifacies species group, characterized by the very narrow, compressed head (WH / LH 0.63 – 0.68), more or less flat dorsally and long posterior to the eyes, short clypeus, short antenna (hardly reaching past the head), lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest, and ocellar triangle very strongly acute. Separated from similar species by having the clypeus evenly sloping; mandible broad, not concave ventrally, and strongly twisted; vertex slightly concave in dorsal view; lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by more than their length; and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. The head is also slightly convex dorsally and ventrally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B2FF3FFDA9ABDDFCEB2985.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the extremely long, narrow face.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B2FF3FFDA9ABDDFCEB2985.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 11 km W by N of Bald Hill, McIlwraith Range, search party campsite; 13 ° 44 ′ S, 143 ° 20 ′ E; elev. 520 m; 27 Jun. – 12 Jul. 1989; T. A. Weir leg.; ex dead Pandanus leaves; ANIC 32 - 154848. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; 13 km E by S of Weipa; 12 ° 40 ′ S, 143 ° 00 ′ E; 12 Sep. – 24 Oct. 1993; P. Zborowski and D. Rentz leg.; flight intercept trap; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B2FF3FFDA9ABDDFCEB2985.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded, lateral lobes also produced nearly as far as median lobe; dorsally with a rounded carina, effaced towards apex; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible broad, not narrowed from base, ventral margin nearly straight; strongly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle very strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex or nearly flat, convex around ocellar triangle, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, those on S 5 – 6 about twice as long as preceding. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.99 mm; LM 0.98 mm; WH / LH 0.66; DH / LH 0.46; EV / HE 1.30; EV / WF 1.37; WF / HE 0.95; WH / WF 1.87; OOL / WOT 2.50; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.14; A 3 L / W 1.10; 2 R 1 L / W 2.53.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B2FF3FFDA9ABDDFCEB2985.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from two specimens collected on the Cape York Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4B2FF3FFDA9ABDDFCEB2985.taxon	discussion	Remarks The combination of a long, narrow head with strongly twisted mandibles is distinctive. The elongate lateral lobes of the clypeus are unique in the genus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ACFF3DFD59AA4EFA992846.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: FA 0 ADF 84 - 3 D 43 - 4 DFD- 81 C 1 - B 5 BB 5 F 8 AF 421 Figs 108, 119	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ACFF3DFD59AA4EFA992846.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the large complex of species with the head convex dorsally, basal wing cells setose, and head compressed. Separated from similar species by the elongate, conspicuous vertex and gena setae, moderately compressed head (DH / LH ~ 0.51), densely setose basal wing cells, and broadly rounded occipital margin. Closest to S. gingera sp. nov. and S. paraptoma sp. nov.; separated from the former by the narrower mandible and ocellar triangle right to weakly obtuse, from the latter by the less strongly convex head and propodeum lacking a median polished area, and from both by the reddish brown mandible and DH / LH.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ACFF3DFD59AA4EFA992846.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ lophos ’, ‘ ridge’, referring to the type locality. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ACFF3DFD59AA4EFA992846.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Acacia Ridge, Brisbane; Oct. 1976; E. C. Dahms leg.; Malaise trap; QM T 262164. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Teewah, Cooloola; 15 – 16 Aug. 1981; G. Sarnes leg.; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ACFF3DFD59AA4EFA992846.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow punctures, dense near antennae, 2 – 3 pit widths apart posterior of midpoint of eyes. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, those on S 6 twice as long as others. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.19 mm; LM 0.66 mm; WH / LH 0.85; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.54; EV / WF 0.54; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.79; OOL / WOT 1.20; DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 1.85; HFL / HFW 2.06; A 3 L / W 0.85; 2 R 1 L / W 3.18.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ACFF3DFD59AA4EFA992846.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from two specimens collected in the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ACFF3DFD59AA4EFA992846.taxon	discussion	Remarks Although not particularly long or dense, the pale head setae of this species are unusually conspicuous.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4AEFF3BFDA3AA08FD5A2999.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 52 AE 830 - DFEE- 4 EBF-AF 9 B- 6 CEB 5010 B 536 Figs 120 – 121	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4AEFF3BFDA3AA08FD5A2999.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the complex of species with the clypeus moderately large and quadrate, visibly parallel-sided beyond the antennae. Close to S. campanula sp. nov., sharing the clypeus with a low but distinct medial carina and broadly rounded apically rather than straight truncate or emarginate, and mandible black and not twisted. Separated by the broad frons (WH / HE ≥ 1.0), propodeum with a polished median strip, and Rs joining the anterior wing margin.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4AEFF3BFDA3AA08FD5A2999.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ macro ’, ‘ large’, + ‘ rhinos ’, ‘ nose’, referring to the protruding clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4AEFF3BFDA3AA08FD5A2999.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 1 km E by N of Herrick; 41 ° 06 ′ S, 147 ° 53 ′ E; 29 – 30 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154849.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4AEFF3BFDA3AA08FD5A2999.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process broad, elongate, semicircular at the apex, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible broad, ventral margin slightly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly to weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent, median area with a narrow polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.83 mm; LM 0.89 mm; WH / LH 0.74; DH / LH 0.50; EV / HE 0.80; EV / WF 0.75; WF / HE 1.07; WH / WF 1.73; OOL / WOT 1.84; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.04; HFL / HFW 2.21; A 3 L / W 1.20; 2 R 1 L / W 3.00.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4AEFF3BFDA3AA08FD5A2999.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ABFF39FDA6A85DFB16282A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 ED 4 CCA 2 - 1 EF 9 - 4 C 0 B- 87 DB- 5 D 2 A 340 BE 0 A 5 Figs 117, 122	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ABFF39FDA6A85DFB16282A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head compressed and flat or weakly convex dorsally, easily distinguished by having the clypeus evenly sloping and somewhat elongate in profile, apical angle strongly acute; mandible black, flat and strongly twisted, lying fully in line with the clypeus in lateral view when closed; basal wing cells densely setose; and head elongate posterior of the eyes, parallel-sided or slightly broadening.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ABFF39FDA6A85DFB16282A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ macula ’, ‘ spot’, + ‘ cola ’, ‘ dwell’, referring to the patchwork of small reserves in the area of eastern New South Wales where this species is found.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ABFF39FDA6A85DFB16282A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Mt Allyn Forest Park via Dungog; 27 Jul. 1981; J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154850.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ABFF39FDA6A85DFB16282A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process trapezoidal, apex truncate; dorsally with a distinct but narrow, sharp ridge raised slightly above the otherwise flat surface; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible broad, ventral margin slightly concave; strongly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head broadening posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, tinged with brown dorsally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.17 mm; LM 1.02 mm; WH / LH 0.79; DH / LH 0.50; EV / HE 1.02; EV / WF 0.93; WF / HE 1.10; WH / WF 1.75; OOL / WOT 2.10; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.19; HFL / HFW 2.67; A 3 L / W 0.93; 2 R 1 L / W 2.28.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ABFF39FDA6A85DFB16282A.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected in the Allyn Range.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4ABFF39FDA6A85DFB16282A.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is intermediate between the longifacies and megacephala species groups; in general appearance it is closer to the latter, but the frons is narrower and ocelli closer to the vertex.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A5FF37FDBEA85DFC392DBA.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 7 FEF 1284 - 82 AE- 4955 - 920 D- 86 B 1 FB 52 A 5 BB Figs 117, 123	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A5FF37FDBEA85DFC392DBA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A distinctive species, recognizable by the combination of nearly glabrous basal wing cells, mandible predominantly yellow, profemur very broad (FL / FW ~ 1.6), ocellar triangle strongly obtuse, and transverse propodeal carina strong and distinct. Closest to S. lissonota sp. nov., which has the profemur somewhat broad but the mandible brown, clypeus distinctly curved in lateral view, and head deeper.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A5FF37FDBEA85DFC392DBA.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ magnus ’, ‘ large’, + ‘ femur ’, referring to the extremely broad profemur. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A5FF37FDBEA85DFC392DBA.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Brisbane; 10 Sep. 1962; G. Monteith leg.; QM T 262165.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A5FF37FDBEA85DFC392DBA.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile gently sloping dorsally, distally nearly vertical or slightly angled back. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate to coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view straight or slightly convex; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture shining and faintly reticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible yellow except black near articulation. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.64 mm; LM 1.02 mm; WH / LH 0.93; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.60; EV / WF 0.60; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.83; OOL / WOT 1.04; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.59; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 0.93; 2 R 1 L / W 2.45.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A5FF37FDBEA85DFC392DBA.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A4FF32FDA8AFBAFCE82FDF.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4 FE 04910 - 1 CF 7 - 41 B 4 - 9837 - 6272 BC 2 B 7 BBE Figs 124 – 125	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A4FF32FDA8AFBAFCE82FDF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a complex of species with the head flat dorsally, moderately narrow and compressed, and frons narrow. Closest to S. solitaria sp. nov. in having nearly glabrous basal wing cells; separated by having the head slightly narrower and deeper (WH / LH 0.70, DH / LH 0.52 vs 0.74 and 0.46 respectively) clypeus curved in profile, mandible not twisted, and lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex. The ventral head also has setae in a dense triangular patch which is conspicuous when seen from certain angles, an unusual character shared with S. adelaidensis sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A4FF32FDA8AFBAFCE82FDF.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the description of the type locality as being on the edge of the rainforest.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A4FF32FDA8AFBAFCE82FDF.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Julatten; 20 Oct. – 29 Oct. 1987; A. Walfor-Huggins leg.; edge of rainforest along creek, ex intercept trap; ANIC 32 - 154851.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A4FF32FDA8AFBAFCE82FDF.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad to moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderate pubescence in a triangle narrowing posteriorly from the mouthparts. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.21 mm; LM 0.67 mm; WH / LH 0.70; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 1.00; EV / WF 1.04; WF / HE 0.96; WH / WF 1.73; OOL / WOT 1.73; DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 1.91; HFL / HFW 1.85; A 3 L / W 0.85; 2 R 1 L / W 2.91.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A4FF32FDA8AFBAFCE82FDF.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in northern rain forest.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A4FF32FDA8AFBAFCE82FDF.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is intermediate between the longifacies and ficicola species groups, which are otherwise well separated by head width which creates a distinctly different appearance in dorsal view. The shorter head posterior of the eyes puts it closer to the latter.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A1FF30FD59AD83FBF72E64.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 5602 EBF 5 - 83 C 7 - 4153 - 8 C 31 - 24 FFB 50534 BE Figs 110, 126	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A1FF30FD59AD83FBF72E64.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the compressa species group, having the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, head moderately long posterior of the eyes, and basal wing cells densely setose. Distinguished from most related species by the strongly acute ocellar triangle, dull and granular frons microsculpture, and all yellow legs. Closest to S. desertorum sp. nov., separated by having the ventral head somewhat convex posteriorly (appearing narrowly triangular in lateral view), ocellar triangle less strongly acute (OOL / WOT less than 2.00), legs clear yellow, and posterior margin of cell 1 M distinctly convex.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A1FF30FD59AD83FBF72E64.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to this species being intermediate morphologically between the compressa and megacephala species groups.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A1FF30FD59AD83FBF72E64.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; 21 km E by N of Yellowdine; 31 ° 18 ′ S, 119 ° 37 ′ E; 10 Oct. 1981; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154852.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A1FF30FD59AD83FBF72E64.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded or truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex to nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, those on S 6 twice as long as others. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna bright yellow. Mandible black. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.05 mm; LM 1.10 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.45; EV / HE 0.86; EV / WF 0.66; WF / HE 1.31; WH / WF 1.56; OOL / WOT 1.84; DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 1.97; A 3 L / W 0.91; 2 R 1 L / W 2.25.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A1FF30FD59AD83FBF72E64.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A1FF30FD59AD83FBF72E64.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species has the body less obviously flattened than other members of the compressa group, and is somewhat intermediate with members of the megacephala group such as S. lapis sp. nov. It forms an allopatric species pair with S. desertorum sp. nov. of New South Wales.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A3FECFFDBBAC6EFAE7286C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: A 86 E 0 BDB-F 257 - 4 AC 6 - 8 A 0 D- 54 C 5 BDFDA 8 E 1 Figs 127 – 128	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A3FECFFDBBAC6EFAE7286C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the eponymous megacephala group, with the head large and flat dorsally and ventrally, frons very broad, clypeus short with a low carina, and ocelli well removed from the vertex crest. Separated from similar species by having the lateral ocelli much further anterior (separated from the vertex crest by more than the length of the ocellar triangle), head with a distinct angulate ridge between the eye and vertex, and legs entirely bright yellow.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A3FECFFDBBAC6EFAE7286C.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the enormous head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A3FECFFDBBAC6EFAE7286C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Tutanning Nature Reserve, 22 km E by S of Pingelly; 18 Sep. 1981; A. A. Calder leg.; ex galls Acacia lasiocalyx em. Oct. 1981; ANIC 32 - 154853. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; Mullaley; 6 Apr. 1985; I. and N. Lawrence leg.; in and on Uromyocladium galls on Acacia sp.; ANIC. – Western Australia • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A3FECFFDBBAC6EFAE7286C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a distinct but narrow, sharp ridge raised slightly above the otherwise flat surface; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible broad, not narrowed from base, ventral margin nearly straight; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners somewhat squared; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than length of ocellar triangle. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with very faint microreticulation over posterior terga. S 2 broadly setose all over, S 3 – 5 each with a conspicuous apical band of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible black. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose to nearly glabrous. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.74 mm; LM 1.35 mm (0.95 – 1.35); WH / LH 0.85 (0.81 – 0.86); DH / LH 0.48 (0.47 – 0.51); EV / HE 1.27 (1.10 – 1.33); EV / WF 0.79 (0.75 – 0.87); WF / HE 1.62 (1.27 – 1.65); WH / WF 1.56 (1.56 – 1.69); OOL / WOT 1.88 (1.74 – 1.88); DM / LM 0.43; FL / FW 2.21 (2.15 – 2.30); HFL / HFW 2.22 (2.20 – 2.34); A 3 L / W 1.00 (0.81 – 1.13); 2 R 1 L / W 2.31. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A3FECFFDBBAC6EFAE7286C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia and New South Wales; known from one collection each.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D4A3FECFFDBBAC6EFAE7286C.taxon	discussion	Remarks This is a large species overall, and the head is disproportionately large as well. One specimen is significantly smaller than the other three, but matches them in all characters except that the frons is much narrower relative to the eye and the ocelli are removed from the vertex crest by about the length of the ocellar triangle, versus 1.5 × in the other specimens. The specimens on hand have an unusual disjunct distribution, in both WA and NSW. Vein Rs is peculiarly swollen and slightly angulate around cell 2 R 1 in the WA specimens, but not in the one from NSW; however I do not consider this significant.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55CFECDFDAAAA16FC762801.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 28 FF 9 F 4 B-AB 38 - 450 B-B 7 B 4 - D 89 C 09 B 9907 A Figs 117, 129	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55CFECDFDAAAA16FC762801.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the compressa species group, having the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Distinguished from most related species by the obtuse ocellar triangle, reddish brown mandible, and broad metafemur. Closest to S. amputator sp. nov., separated by the more sparsely punctate frons and broader head (WH / LH ~ 0.89) which is more ovate in dorsal view, the posterior corners strongly rounded off.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55CFECDFDAAAA16FC762801.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the broad metafemur. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55CFECDFDAAAA16FC762801.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Indooroopilly; 5 Oct. 1979; G. Gordh leg.; UCRC 556769. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 4 Oct. 1979; UCRC 556768 • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 4 Nov. 1979; UCRC 556770 • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 6 Nov. 1979; UCRC 556774 • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 19 Nov. 1979; UCRC 556771.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55CFECDFDAAAA16FC762801.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae elongate, twice as long as flagellar width or more. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.49 mm; LM 0.80 mm (0.72 – 0.94); WH / LH 0.89 (0.87 – 0.90); DH / LH 0.45 (0.45 – 0.51); EV / HE 0.69 (0.59 – 0.70); EV / WF 0.63 (0.53 – 0.63); WF / HE 1.10 (1.00 – 1.13); WH / WF 1.70 (1.65 – 1.76); OOL / WOT 1.17 (1.11 – 1.25); DM / LM 0.31; FL / FW 2.00 (1.91 – 2.03); HFL / HFW 1.79 (1.79 – 1.94); A 3 L / W 0.90 (0.86 – 1.00); 2 R 1 L / W 2.74. N = 5.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55CFECDFDAAAA16FC762801.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from one series collected near Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55EFECBFD44AACDFCF92911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8067544 C- 48 A 9 - 44 C 3 - 8 C 68 - 97 BCBC 9 CF 884 Figs 117, 130	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55EFECBFD44AACDFCF92911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis This species is somewhat intermediate in some head characters used in the key such as being flat or not. However, the combination of the strongly compressed mesosoma, strongly acute ocellar triangle, nearly glabrous basal wing cells, slightly twisted reddish brown mandible, and slightly convex ventral margin of the head will distinguish it from all other species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55EFECBFD44AACDFCF92911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ miltos ’, ‘ red earth’, referring to the color of the mandibles. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55EFECBFD44AACDFCF92911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Congo, 8 km SE by E of Moruya; 35 ° 58 ′ S, 150 ° 09 ′ E; 26 Mar. – 3 Apr. 1982; M. S. Upton leg.; Window trap; ANIC 32 - 154854.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55EFECBFD44AACDFCF92911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded or truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex or nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture evenly, weakly microreticulate. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Mostly shining and polished, T 3 – 5 with paired submedian basal patches of faint microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black to reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.45 mm; LM 0.75 mm; WH / LH 0.76; DH / LH 0.46; EV / HE 1.05; EV / WF 0.96; WF / HE 1.09; WH / WF 1.78; OOL / WOT 2.39; DM / LM 0.32; FL / FW 2.26; HFL / HFW 2.15; A 3 L / W 1.08; 2 R 1 L / W 2.69.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55EFECBFD44AACDFCF92911.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D558FEC9FD52ABDDFBF5286C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 5190 A 953 - 345 B- 4 B 9 B- 8 D 19 - A 174 E 610 C 4 F 2 Figs 117, 131	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D558FEC9FD52ABDDFBF5286C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the megacephala group, with the head flat dorsally and ventrally, frons broad, clypeus short with a low carina, and ocelli well removed from the vertex crest. Distinguished by the combination of having the mandible slightly twisted and frons only moderately broad, WF / HE ~ 1.30. Also differing from similar species by the much smaller size; most members of the group have the mesosoma over 1 mm in length.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D558FEC9FD52ABDDFBF5286C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ minoratus ’, ‘ reduced’ or ‘ shrunken’, referring to the smaller size of this species compared to other members of the megacephala species group.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D558FEC9FD52ABDDFBF5286C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Kangaroo Island, Western River Cove; 29 Nov. 1977; D. K. McAlpine and M. A. Schneider leg.; AM K. 628961.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D558FEC9FD52ABDDFBF5286C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep and short, evenly curved (nearly straight distally). Mandible broad, ventral margin slightly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart (appearing broadly impunctate medially between median ocellus and level of posterior eye margin). Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae (type appears to be abraded). Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.74 mm; LM 0.85 mm; WH / LH 0.76; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 1.16; EV / WF 0.89; WF / HE 1.30; WH / WF 1.60; OOL / WOT 2.50; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.23; HFL / HFW 2.58; A 3 L / W 1.10; 2 R 1 L / W 2.39.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D558FEC9FD52ABDDFBF5286C.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype taken on Kangaroo Island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D558FEC9FD52ABDDFBF5286C.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species resembles those of the ficicola species group in the relatively narrow head and small size, but the broad frons and small eye place it clearly with the related megacephala group. The one visible mandible of the holotype appears to have only two sharp teeth with a broad truncation in place of the two dorsal teeth, but without additional specimens to compare it is unclear if this is due to wear or a modification of the mandible. The head lacks the dense ventral setation found in most other species in the group, but the setae present on the unique holotype are somewhat irregular so it may be abraded. This and S. sila sp. nov. are the only species recorded from Kangaroo Island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55AFEC7FDA1AA16FB7A2911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 75 D 001 FD- 7 E 40 - 45 BF- 8063 - AC 3 FC 7 D 969 F 0 Figs 125, 132	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55AFEC7FDA1AA16FB7A2911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis This species is easily recognizable by the sparsely punctate, nearly polished frons, with only faint microreticulation; sparsely setose basal wing cells; and clypeus evenly sloping in profile. It is also the smallest Sierola known; S. pumila sp. nov. is the next smallest. Other species with the clypeus evenly sloping and basal wing cells setose are much larger.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55AFEC7FDA1AA16FB7A2911.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to this species’ status as the smallest known species of Sierola.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55AFEC7FDA1AA16FB7A2911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Cockatoo Creek crossing, 17 km NW of Heathlands; 11 ° 39 ′ S, 142 ° 27 ′ E; 26 Jan. – 29 Feb. 1992; P. Feehney leg.; open forest Malaise # 5; ANIC 32 - 154855.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55AFEC7FDA1AA16FB7A2911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more, or appearing impunctate (setae arising from shallow pits that are only visible at low angles). Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture nearly absent, polished. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture smooth and polished ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum nearly glabrous. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black, clypeus orange to yellow. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.00 mm; LM 0.48 mm; WH / LH 0.77; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.75; EV / WF 0.77; WF / HE 0.97; WH / WF 1.91; OOL / WOT 1.28; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.13; A 3 L / W 0.74; 2 R 1 L / W 3.04.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D55AFEC7FDA1AA16FB7A2911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected on the Cape York Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D554FEC5FD55ABDDFC442E8E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 8 FE 9 F 46 - CA 09 - 43 F 5 - A 7 EF- 21 AF 2 AF 96640 Figs 133 – 134	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D554FEC5FD55ABDDFC442E8E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the compressa group, characterized by the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, head moderately long posterior of the eyes, and basal wing cells sparsely to densely setose. Readily distinguished from all others by the extremely flattened body, with the mesosoma over 6 times as long as deep and head about 4 times as long as deep, very narrow mandible, and smooth frons microsculpture. Closest to S. exilis sp. nov., which is not quite as flattened and has the mandible moderately narrow and distinctly concave ventrally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D554FEC5FD55ABDDFC442E8E.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ mirabilis ’, ‘ amazing’ or ‘ extraordinary’, referring to the exceedingly compressed body.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D554FEC5FD55ABDDFC442E8E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Samsonvale Cemetery, 8.5 km SSE of Dayboro; 27 ° 16 ′ S, 152 ° 52 ′ E; elev. 50 m; 12 Aug. 1998; C. J. Burwell leg.; sweeping, 50119; QM T 262166.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D554FEC5FD55ABDDFC442E8E.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally flat, with a trace of a low carina basally; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible very narrow, including at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view slightly convex; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly concave between eyes and ocelli, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, nearly glabrous. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Sculpture evenly, weakly microreticulate. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Extremely strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view flat, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally with weak microsculpture near margins, medial disc broadly polished and shining without a trace of microsculpture or carinae. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing mostly glabrous, cell R densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.55 mm; LM 0.94 mm; WH / LH 0.89; DH / LH 0.24; EV / HE 1.09; EV / WF 0.78; WF / HE 1.39; WH / WF 1.54; OOL / WOT 1.67; DM / LM 0.14; FL / FW 1.91; HFL / HFW 1.99; A 3 L / W 0.80; 2 R 1 L / W 2.64.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D554FEC5FD55ABDDFC442E8E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected near Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D554FEC5FD55ABDDFC442E8E.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is the most extremely compressed Sierola known, resembling some of the more extreme sclerodermine genera such as Megaprosternum and Thlastepyris.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D556FEC0FDBFAF76FA842AA9.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 2818 E 62 A-BD 26 - 4 CF 7 - AE 71 - 06 C 2329 B 3093 Figs 121, 135	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D556FEC0FDBFAF76FA842AA9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a species pair with S. pandani sp. nov., united by having the head compressed and as wide or wider than long, frons broad and sparsely punctate, and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. Separated by numerous characters as listed in the key, including the orange, narrow mandible, distinct malar space, ocellar triangle strongly obtuse, elongate triangular cell 1 M, and coxae and femora dark brown to black.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D556FEC0FDBFAF76FA842AA9.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ mucro ’, ‘ point’, + ‘ nervus ’, ‘ vein’, referring to the spur vein on cell 1 M. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D556FEC0FDBFAF76FA842AA9.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Canberra, CSIRO, behind CSIRO; 35.275 ° S, 149.1109 ° E; elev. 590 m; 10 Apr. 2011; P. Hebert, R. Labbee, V. Levesque-Beaudin, J. McCormick, J. Sones and J. Webb leg.; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 53909 - G 04, process ID MCCAA 8432 - 20, BIN AED 1413; ANIC 32 - 154856. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 8509 - 20, BIN AED 1413; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 2 Apr. 2011; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 8793.20, BIN AED 1413; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 19 Apr. 2011; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 8982 - 20, BIN AED 1413; ANIC • 1 ♂; Canberra, CSIRO property; 35.275 ° S, 149.1109 ° E; elev. 588 m; 7 – 14 Nov. 2011; P. Hebert leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 7994 - 20, BIN AED 1413; ANIC. – Tasmania • 1 ♀; The Lea; 42 ° 56 ′ S, 147 ° 19 ′ E; 5 Feb. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; Geeveston, 141 Fourfoot Road; 6 Jan. 2018; M. M. Giannotta leg.; swept off Acacia melanoxylon, Eucalyptus nitens, and E. globulosus residential forest with bracken understory; SAMA • 1 ♀; King Is., Pegarah Nature Reserve; 39.9441 ° S, 143.9905 ° E; 18 Dec. 2023 – 13 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap series 3; TMAG F 180566.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D556FEC0FDBFAF76FA842AA9.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, slightly to distinctly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex, with a broad area of colliculate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown to orange. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M elongate triangular, posterodistal corner extended into a point. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.60 mm; LM 0.86 mm (0.70 – 0.97); WH / LH 0.97 (0.96 – 1.00); DH / LH 0.51 (0.49 – 0.53); EV / HE 0.38 (0.36 – 0.44); EV / WF 0.38 (0.36 – 0.41); WF / HE 1.03 (1.00 – 1.11); WH / WF 1.78 (1.73 – 1.82); OOL / WOT 0.88 (0.88 – 0.97); DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 1.91 (1.73 – 1.91); HFL / HFW 2.21 (2.21 – 2.37); A 3 L / W 1.22 (1.12 – 1.23); 2 R 1 L / W 2.93. N = 6. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Clypeus in profile short and steeply curved, weakly carinate dorsally. Malar space 1 / 2 as long as basal width of mandible. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.20 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 1.03; DH / LH 0.54; EV / HE 0.50; EV / WF 0.41; WF / HE 1.22; WH / WF 1.64; OOL / WOT 0.98; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 1.92; HFL / HFW 2.27; A 3 L / W 1.40; 2 R 1 L / W 2.83.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D556FEC0FDBFAF76FA842AA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania and Australian Capital Territory; uncommon but a series taken by Malaise trapping at the latter.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D553FEDEFDAEAB55FDBB2A02.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 37 A 429 FF- 8 CD 7 - 4 C 16 - B 6 A 0 - 4 E 7 A 76 E 605 A 6 Figs 26, 136	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D553FEDEFDAEAB55FDBB2A02.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A very distinctive species, easily recognized by the combination of the head flat dorsally and flat to weakly convex ventrally, very deep (DH / LH ~ 0.59), mandible moderately broad and parallel-sided, and basal wing cells densely setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D553FEDEFDAEAB55FDBB2A02.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for Albert Namatjira, the Aboriginal artist who was born near the collecting site and for whom the road where it was taken is named. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D553FEDEFDAEAB55FDBB2A02.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Northern Territor y • ♀; Kamatjira [sic; Namatjira] Drive; 23 ° 45 ′ 02 ″ S, 132 ° 54 ′ 20 ″ E; elev. 810 m; 13 Mar. 2002; J. Heraty leg.; UCRC 437204.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D553FEDEFDAEAB55FDBB2A02.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with second ventral tooth largest. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with relatively regular, moderately close punctures, 1 – 2 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with very faint microreticulation over posterior terga. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black (metasomal terga with slightly paler W-shaped marks). Antenna yellow, tinged with brown dorsally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.76 mm; LM 1.00 mm; WH / LH 0.81; DH / LH 0.59; EV / HE 0.79; EV / WF 0.81; WF / HE 0.98; WH / WF 1.77; OOL / WOT 1.64; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 1.94; HFL / HFW 2.19; A 3 L / W 0.93; 2 R 1 L / W 2.20.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D553FEDEFDAEAB55FDBB2A02.taxon	distribution	Distribution Northern Territory; known only from the holotype, collected in the desert interior.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D553FEDEFDAEAB55FDBB2A02.taxon	discussion	Remarks The affinities of this species are obscure; although not particularly divergent, it does not appear to be close to any other known species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54DFEDCFD40A8CCFB9C2A21.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 A 8 CCC 69 - 0457 - 4638 - A 269 - E 3 D 4 A 1800 EBF Figs 134, 137	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54DFEDCFD40A8CCFB9C2A21.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A unique species, immediately recognizable by the elongate, elliptic clypeus and reflexed, carinate genal margin. Shares with S. samiata sp. nov. the unusual concavely curved clypeal profile, but differs from it in many other respects as listed in the key. Most other species with a flat clypeus also have the basal wing cells nearly glabrous.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54DFEDCFD40A8CCFB9C2A21.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ nasutus ’, ‘ large-nosed’, referring to the extremely enlarged clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54DFEDCFD40A8CCFB9C2A21.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Arno Bay; elev. 20 m; 9 – 19 Jan. 2019; J. L. Holder leg.; MABJH 2, sand dune, small bowl shaped area, lots of flowering shrubs and some Eucalyptus and Acacia plants near by, tied to dead tree near thorn bush; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54DFEDCFD40A8CCFB9C2A21.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process elliptic, large and projecting well beyond closed mandibles, slightly constricted where it joins head, apex broadly rounded or truncate; dorsally flat, margins dropping off vertically; in profile straight, slightly upturned at apex. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 2 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye concave, ventral margin distinctly reflexed and carinate; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum narrowly glabrous medially, with short, moderately dense setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna all brown except scape pale on apical third. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, basal half of tibiae tinged with brown, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.96 mm; LM 1.15 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.45; EV / HE 0.31; EV / WF 0.30; WF / HE 1.03; WH / WF 1.81; OOL / WOT 0.80; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.76; HFL / HFW 2.06; A 3 L / W 1.09; 2 R 1 L / W 2.29.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54DFEDCFD40A8CCFB9C2A21.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected on the Eyre Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54FFEDDFD4AA82DFB9C2CAE.taxon	description	Figs 134, 138	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54FFEDDFD4AA82DFB9C2CAE.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a cluster of species with the clypeus dorsally with a low, sharp carina, evenly curved in profile; head moderately deep (DH / LH ~ 0.55) and convex dorsally; antenna short, A 3 about as long as wide; and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Closest to S. exleyae and S. ovata sp. nov.; separated from the former by the shorter mandible, lateral ocelli close to the vertex crest, head sparsely setose ventrally, and lack of a median polished area on the propodeum; from the latter by the sparsely setose basal wing cells; and from both by the coriaceous sculpture of the posterolateral gena.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54FFEDDFD4AA82DFB9C2CAE.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the Nauo people whose traditional land encompasses the Waterloo Bay area. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54FFEDDFD4AA82DFB9C2CAE.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Elliston; 14 Nov. 1992; L. S. and R. B. Kimsey leg.; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54FFEDDFD4AA82DFB9C2CAE.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.40 mm; LM 0.70 mm; WH / LH 0.83; DH / LH 0.55; EV / HE 0.77; EV / WF 0.73; WF / HE 1.06; WH / WF 1.76; OOL / WOT 1.52; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.06; HFL / HFW 2.35; A 3 L / W 0.92; 2 R 1 L / W 2.61.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54FFEDDFD4AA82DFB9C2CAE.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected on the Eyre Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D549FED8FDA6A85DFD3A2A22.taxon	description	Figs 121, 139	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D549FED8FDA6A85DFD3A2A22.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a distinct complex of species with the head moderately deep and somewhat short posterior to the eyes (head deepest on a line through the eye in lateral view), clypeus evenly curved in profile, mandible reddish brown to orange, and basal wing cells densely setose. Closest to S. paraglutinata sp. nov. and S. trinalis sp. nov., united by having the head only moderately convex ventrally; ocellar triangle relatively wide, OOL / WOT less than 1.40; and malar space short but distinct, about 1 / 4 as long as the mandible base. Differing from the latter in lacking the propodeal transverse carina and having the metafemur relatively narrow (HFL / HFW ≥ 2.50). Nearly identical to S. paraglutinata, differing only in the wing venation, with the narrow cell 2 R 1, basal wing cells not so densely setose, and slightly darker mandible. Also similar to S. pelion sp. nov., but with the clypeus clearly though weakly carinate, and mandible reddish brown.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D549FED8FDA6A85DFD3A2A22.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ nesos ’, ‘ island’, + ‘ meson ’, ‘ middle’, referring to the type locality near the geographic center of Tasmania. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D549FED8FDA6A85DFD3A2A22.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 14 km S of Bronte Park; 42 ° 15 ′ S, 146 ° 29 ′ E; 15 Jan. – 3 Feb. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154857.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D549FED8FDA6A85DFD3A2A22.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to mesoscutum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.48 mm; LM 0.79 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.58; EV / WF 0.62; WF / HE 0.94; WH / WF 1.85; OOL / WOT 1.30; DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 2.09; HFL / HFW 2.71; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 3.82.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D549FED8FDA6A85DFD3A2A22.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D549FED8FDA6A85DFD3A2A22.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. paraglutinata sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54BFED9FD48A82DFAAF2DDC.taxon	description	Figs 134, 140	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54BFED9FD48A82DFAAF2DDC.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A somewhat nondescript species, distinguished by having the head compressed (DH / LH 0.48) and slightly convex dorsally; clypeus short, broad, semi-elliptical, in profile evenly curved; mandible black; basal wing cells densely setose, frons moderately broad, WF / HE 1.09; and lacking any other unusual characters.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54BFED9FD48A82DFAAF2DDC.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ nidus ’, ‘ nest’, referring to the type locality. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54BFED9FD48A82DFAAF2DDC.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Crows Nest; 6 Aug. 1977; E. C. Dahms leg.; QM T 262167.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54BFED9FD48A82DFAAF2DDC.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly to distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.89 mm; LM 0.95 mm; WH / LH 0.85; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 0.65; EV / WF 0.60; WF / HE 1.09; WH / WF 1.71; OOL / WOT 1.45; DM / LM 0.32; FL / FW 1.93; HFL / HFW 2.03; A 3 L / W 0.90; 2 R 1 L / W 2.63.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54BFED9FD48A82DFAAF2DDC.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the Great Dividing Range west of Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54AFED7FDAEAF87FC9B2CD8.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 51643 EB 7 - 7 B 6 E- 4746 - 9 F 62 - 48397 EDBAEBA Figs 125, 141	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54AFED7FDAEAF87FC9B2CD8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A striking and distinctive species, easily recognized from all others. The head is wider than long and deep, strongly convex dorsally and somewhat angulate ventrally, with dense ventral setation, and long, thick, black, bristle-like setae on the vertex and gena. The metasomal sternites also have conspicuous elongate setae, but these are often broken off.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54AFED7FDAEAF87FC9B2CD8.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the elongate black hairs of the head and metasoma. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54AFED7FDAEAF87FC9B2CD8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Cockatoo Creek; 11 ° 39 ′ S, 142 ° 27 ′ E; 12 Nov. – 14 Dec. 1993; P. Zborowski leg.; flight intercept trap; ANIC 32 - 154858. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; 19 Feb. – 20 Apr. 1994; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 20 Apr. – 20 May 1994; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54AFED7FDAEAF87FC9B2CD8.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process triangular, apex pointed; dorsally convex, narrowing to a sharp carina on anterior face; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately broad at base, evenly tapering, slightly broadened on apical third; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae with long, black, bristle-like setae: two on each side of vertex, and a row along the gena becoming shorter anteriorly. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining, coarsely reticulate and dull laterally between eyes and vertex. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Genal angle prominent, apex rounded, head distinctly triangular in lateral view. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of long erect black setae near posterior margin. Sixth sternum narrowly glabrous medially, with moderately dense setae laterally, becoming longer laterad. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape brown basally, otherwise nearly all yellow. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M triangular, Rs connecting in the middle of the cell. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.77 mm; LM 1.01 mm (1.01 – 1.26); WH / LH 1.01 (1.01 – 1.06); DH / LH 0.64 (0.64 – 0.67); EV / HE 0.27 (0.24 – 0.31); EV / WF 0.30 (0.26 – 0.33); WF / HE 0.90 (0.90 – 0.96); WH / WF 1.85 (1.82 – 1.86); OOL / WOT 0.95 (0.90 – 0.96); DM / LM 0.49; FL / FW 1.83 (1.82 – 1.86); HFL / HFW 2.18 (2.09 – 2.22); A 3 L / W 1.61 (1.50 – 1.61); 2 R 1 L / W 2.53. N = 5.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54AFED7FDAEAF87FC9B2CD8.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from a series of five specimens, all taken at the same locality in the Cape York Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D54AFED7FDAEAF87FC9B2CD8.taxon	discussion	Remarks The vertex and gena setae identify this species as part of the vibrissata group, but the very broad, deep head makes it strikingly different from all the others. It shares with S. vibrissata the flattened anterior frons, with the sides converging to a sharp carina anteriorly. The ventral metasomal setae are evidently fragile, as they are missing from several of the specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D547FED5FDACA85DFD7A2CFD.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: F 20674 DE- 7818 - 488 D-BB 93 - 3 D 4 E 68 A 6918 D Figs 121, 142	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D547FED5FDACA85DFD7A2CFD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a cluster of species with the head moderately deep (DH / LH ~ 0.57) and convex dorsally; lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest; and basal wing cells densely setose. Very similar to S. intonsa sp. nov. and S. pelion sp. nov., sharing the moderately narrow mandible which is distinctly concave ventrally and strongly convex outwardly, distinct malar space, and clypeus lacking a sharp carina. Separated from both by the broad metafemur, gena smooth and polished posterolaterally, and S 6 evenly covered with short pilose setae, without a median glabrous area.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D547FED5FDACA85DFD7A2CFD.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ nitidus ’, ‘ shining’, + ‘ gena ’, ‘ cheek’, referring to the polished gena. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D547FED5FDACA85DFD7A2CFD.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Bellingham Dam, 117 Saltwood Road; 41.0234 ° S, 147.2119 ° E; 18 Nov. – 15 Dec. 2023; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap series 1; TMAG F 152999. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; Bellingham; 41.016 ° S, 147.197 ° E; Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap; TMAG F 180584.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D547FED5FDACA85DFD7A2CFD.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a rounded carina, effaced towards apex; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture smooth and polished posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with very faint microreticulation over posterior terga. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum evenly pilose, with dense short erect setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.25 mm; LM 1.17 mm; WH / LH 0.90; DH / LH 0.59; EV / HE 0.48; EV / WF 0.55; WF / HE 0.88; WH / WF 1.95; OOL / WOT 1.12; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.95; HFL / HFW 2.17; A 3 L / W 1.50; 2 R 1 L / W 2.42.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D547FED5FDACA85DFD7A2CFD.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from two specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D541FED0FD5AA85DFBD7293E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 568809 F-F 7 FA- 420 C-B 431 - BA 13 E 73 E 7 E 00 Figs 97, 143	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D541FED0FD5AA85DFBD7293E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a cluster of species with the clypeus dorsally with a low, sharp carina, evenly curved in profile; head moderately deep (DH / LH ~ 0.55) and convex dorsally; lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest; and basal wing cells densely setose. Distinguished by the somewhat densely punctate frons, with abundant long setae giving it a hairy appearance; metasomal tergites with faint reticulate sculpture dorsally; and ocelli somewhat enlarged, lateral ocelli separated by less than twice their diameter.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D541FED0FD5AA85DFBD7293E.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the unusually large ocelli.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D541FED0FD5AA85DFBD7293E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Baldy Mt Road, 3.3 km from S end; 17 ° 20 ′ S, 145 ° 25 ′ E; elev. 1100 m; 30 Nov. 1997; C. J. Burwell leg.; QM T 262168. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Indooroopilly mine and quarry; 18 Sep. 1979; G. Gordh leg.; UCRC 556767 • 1 ♀; Indooroopilly; 6 Nov. 1979; G. Gordh and H. Hartman leg.; UCRC 556773.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D541FED0FD5AA85DFBD7293E.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with relatively regular, moderately close punctures, 1 – 2 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae elongate, twice as long as flagellar width or more. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Procoxa and femur black to brown, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.98 mm; LM 0.94 mm (0.89 – 0.98); WH / LH 0.89 (0.85 – 0.89); DH / LH 0.55 (0.54 – 0.55); EV / HE 0.64 (0.64 – 0.79); EV / WF 0.56 (0.56 – 0.64); WF / HE 1.16 (1.15 – 1.19); WH / WF 1.73 (1.65 – 1.73); OOL / WOT 1.39 (1.39 – 1.70); DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.33 (2.08 – 2.33); HFL / HFW 2.55 (2.36 – 2.55); A 3 L / W 1.33 (1.17 – 1.33); 2 R 1 L / W 2.45. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D541FED0FD5AA85DFBD7293E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the Atherton Table and, and a pair of specimens taken in Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D541FED0FD5AA85DFBD7293E.taxon	discussion	Remarks The paratypes from southern Queensland are slightly different and may represent a separate species. The clypeus is more straight in profile, only curving near the apex, with the head longer posterior of the eyes, and meso- and metacoxae and femora brown rather than yellow. However, these are mostly within the range of normal variation, so they are considered a single species for now.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D543FEEEFDA7AB20FB8229E0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 21512 F 8 E- 2 CA 3 - 4 D 48 - 8016 - CF 3706 DB 4230 Figs 134, 144	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D543FEEEFDA7AB20FB8229E0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A very distinctive species, immediately recognizable among the Australian fauna by the thick (in ventral view), strongly elbowed mandible, with the head wider than long and short posterior of the eyes, and vertex slightly concave. Most similar to S. megalognatha Fullaway, 1920 of Hawaii, which has the head slightly less broad and much longer posteriorly.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D543FEEEFDA7AB20FB8229E0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ opprimator ’, ‘ one that crushes’, referring to the massive mandibles. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D543FEEEFDA7AB20FB8229E0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Murwillumbah – Coffs Harbor Hwy 1; 2 Sep. 1986; E. A. Sugden leg.; car net; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D543FEEEFDA7AB20FB8229E0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular, apex pointed; dorsally weakly carinate, or rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view distinctly elbowed externally, internal margin nearly straight. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate to evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye concave, ventral margin distinctly reflexed and carinate; sculpture shining and faintly reticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, median area with a narrow polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing mostly glabrous, cell R densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.27 mm; LM 1.20 mm; WH / LH 1.04; DH / LH 0.57; EV / HE 0.27; EV / WF 0.26; WF / HE 1.05; WH / WF 1.81; OOL / WOT 1.14; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.79; HFL / HFW 2.13; A 3 L / W 1.36; 2 R 1 L / W 2.25.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D543FEEEFDA7AB20FB8229E0.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from the holotype, collected in the northeastern forest region.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D543FEEEFDA7AB20FB8229E0.taxon	discussion	Remarks The resemblance of this species to S. megalognatha from Hawaii is quite striking, especially considering that there are no other similar species known from either fauna. This suggests either a large number of trans-Pacific dispersal events for Sierola or extreme morphological convergence.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57DFEECFD4BABE2FBBD2911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 3 E 0 BC 650 - 5 AD 8 - 4 E 21 - AF 2 C- 3153 DC 6 B 7 B 52 Figs 134, 145	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57DFEECFD4BABE2FBBD2911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex dorsally and ventrally and basal wing cells setose, distinguished from most species by the moderately broad frons, clypeus semi-elliptical with a low carina dorsally, head moderately broad and deep, mandible distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli distinctly separated from the vertex crest. Closest to S. exleyae sp. nov. and S. lacustris sp. nov.; separated from the former by the densely setose basal wing cells, short, broad cell 2 R 1, short and steep clypeus in profile, and propodeum entirely reticulate dorsally, without a polished strip; and from the latter by the coriaceous frons microsculpture, narrower frons (WF / HE ~ 1.10 vs 1.15 – 1.20), vertex not carinate between the lateral ocelli, and head slightly deeper (DH / LH ~ 0.58 vs 0.53 – 0.54).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57DFEECFD4BABE2FBBD2911.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the strongly ovate 2 R 1 cell.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57DFEECFD4BABE2FBBD2911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; near Charleville; 27 Oct. – 5 Dec. 1989; P. Johnson leg.; Malaise trap; QM T 262169.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57DFEECFD4BABE2FBBD2911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or slightly shorter. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous to finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or slightly longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.64 mm; LM 0.89 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.81; EV / WF 0.73; WF / HE 1.11; WH / WF 1.73; OOL / WOT 1.50; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.14; HFL / HFW 1.89; A 3 L / W 0.85; 2 R 1 L / W 2.54.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57DFEECFD4BABE2FBBD2911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the southern interior.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57FFEEAFD59ABDDFB7A2AC6.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8 D 649 ABF- 2353 - 49 D 6 - BF 2 A-CFBE 4 D 8 BB 54 A Figs 26, 146	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57FFEEAFD59ABDDFB7A2AC6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a species pair with S. mucronervis sp. nov., united by having the head compressed and as wide or wider than long, frons broad and sparsely punctate, and basal wing cells nearly glabrous. Separated by numerous characters as listed in the key, including the black, moderately broad, slightly twisted mandible, ocellar triangle right, deep postgenal depression, and legs all yellow.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57FFEEAFD59ABDDFB7A2AC6.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the host plant, Pandanus sp. (probably P. spiralis).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57FFEEAFD59ABDDFB7A2AC6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Northern Territory • ♀; Darwin; 28 Aug. 1915; G. F. H. leg.; ex Pandanus leaf-miner; ANIC 32 - 154859. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Northern Territory • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57FFEEAFD59ABDDFB7A2AC6.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate or rounded, convex; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression deep, distinct, broad. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely yellow except the two terminal flagellomeres brown. Mandible black. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.67 mm; LM 0.86 mm (0.83 – 0.88); WH / LH 0.97 (0.95 – 0.97); DH / LH 0.51 (0.49 – 0.51); EV / HE 0.67 (0.67 – 0.73); EV / WF 0.52 (0.52 – 0.57); WF / HE 1.28 (1.27 – 1.29); WH / WF 1.65 (1.65 – 1.68); OOL / WOT 1.50 (1.33 – 1.50); DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 1.85 (1.84 – 1.93); HFL / HFW 2.08 (2.08 – 2.24); A 3 L / W 1.52 (1.40 – 1.65); 2 R 1 L / W 2.71. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57FFEEAFD59ABDDFB7A2AC6.taxon	distribution	Distribution Northern Territory; known from one series of three specimens collected at Darwin.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D579FEE8FD8EA888FCC82978.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 CE 453 F 4 - B 3 BB- 403 F- 8502 - D 3 D 062 D 2 E 60 A Figs 128, 147	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D579FEE8FD8EA888FCC82978.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the compressa group, characterized by the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, head moderately long posterior of the eyes, and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Separated from related species by the strongly acute ocellar triangle and the clypeus evenly sloping in profile. In addition to the clypeus, distinguished from the very similar S. compressa sp. nov. by the more granular frons microsculpture.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D579FEE8FD8EA888FCC82978.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the similarity of this species to S. compressa sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D579FEE8FD8EA888FCC82978.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Higginsville; 31 ° 45 ′ S, 121 ° 42 ′ E; 11 Oct. 1981; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154860. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Canberra; Aug. 1947; E. F. Riek leg.; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D579FEE8FD8EA888FCC82978.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally flat, with a trace of a low carina basally; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with dorsal tooth broad but short, on dorsal surface, indistinct, three ventral teeth pointed and equal. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.06 mm; LM 1.16 mm; WH / LH 0.89; DH / LH 0.40; EV / HE 0.89; EV / WF 0.65; WF / HE 1.36; WH / WF 1.55; OOL / WOT 1.92; DM / LM 0.27; FL / FW 2.07; HFL / HFW 1.84; A 3 L / W 0.86; 2 R 1 L / W 2.45.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D579FEE8FD8EA888FCC82978.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia and Australian Capital Territory. Known from two widely separated specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D579FEE8FD8EA888FCC82978.taxon	discussion	Remarks It is possible that the two specimens may represent cryptic species, since the other related species appear to be localized and the habitats they were collected in were also quite different. However, they appear indistinguishable aside from difference in OOL / WOT.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57BFEE6FDB4AB7BFD602985.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1975 C 3 B 0 - B 4 BF- 482 A- 83 D 8 - 683 BC 3 B 24 AA 3 Figs 148 – 149	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57BFEE6FDB4AB7BFD602985.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between with a low carina, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. United with S. confecta sp. nov., S. contracta sp. nov., S. parallela sp. nov., S. pericontracta sp. nov., and S. subcontracta sp. nov. in having the long setae brown, scrobal carinae converging but not fused, clypeus apically a flat-topped ridge, and vein Rs ending short of the anterior wing margin. Separated from the first by the dense punctation and short setae of the frons (setae only about as long as the medial flagellum width) and broader head (WH / LH ~ 0.91) with posterior corners well defined; and from the last by the low carina on the anterior frons, mandible entirely black, and fore wing evenly tinged with yellow. Very similar to S. pericontracta, separated by the strongly obtuse ocellar triangle and carinate occipital margin; nearly identical to S. parallela, separated only by the slightly broader clypeal ridge and distinct malar space, and by DNA sequence.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57BFEE6FDB4AB7BFD602985.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the similarity of this species to S. contracta sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57BFEE6FDB4AB7BFD602985.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; near Renmark, Calperum Station, Primary Site; 34.0542 ° S, 140.6194 ° E; elev. 50 m; 22 – 29 Oct. 2015; Peter Cale leg.; Malaise trap, fire Jan. 2014, 850 m unburnt mallee in all directions; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 36661 - B 10, process ID GMASU 025 - 17, BIN ADL 2126; ANIC 32 - 154861.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57BFEE6FDB4AB7BFD602985.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a flat ridge on anterior face, antennal scrobes carinate; in profile steep, recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, close punctures, mostly about 1 pit width apart. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture evenly, weakly microreticulate. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow, metatibia tinged with brown. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.69 mm; LM 0.92 mm; WH / LH 0.91; DH / LH 0.54; EV / HE 0.34; EV / WF 0.37; WF / HE 0.92; WH / WF 1.74; OOL / WOT 0.80; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 1.85; HFL / HFW 2.05; A 3 L / W 1.08; 2 R 1 L / W 3.00.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57BFEE6FDB4AB7BFD602985.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected in the semi-arid region near the border with New South Wales and Victoria.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D57BFEE6FDB4AB7BFD602985.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. parallela sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D574FEE4FD59A85DFBB728E0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 39 CE 6316 - DF 47 - 4902 - 822 B-A 8 C 59 B 3 F 4 A 9 D Figs 149 – 150	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D574FEE4FD59A85DFBB728E0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the ficicola species group, with the head flat dorsally, moderately narrow and compressed, frons narrow, and antenna short. Closest to S. comparata sp. nov., sharing the long head posterior of the eye and mandible strongly convex outwardly, the second ventral tooth prominent, and weakly concave ventrally. Separated by the vertex not carinate between the lateral ocelli, head more compressed (DH / LH ~ 0.47), and basal wing cells each with a single row of setae (that of R broadly interrupted) rather than sparsely scattered.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D574FEE4FD59A85DFBB728E0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ paraktios ’, ‘ coastal’, referring to the collection of the holotype on the lake shore. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D574FEE4FD59A85DFBB728E0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Lake Lonsdale; 37.00856 ° S, 142.621041 ° E; 14 Dec. 2019; L. Hearn leg.; sweeping Acacia; ANIC 32 - 154862.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D574FEE4FD59A85DFBB728E0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with second ventral tooth largest. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded (indistinctly carinate posterior of ocelli). Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose (setal row in cell R broadly interrupted medially). Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.61 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.73; DH / LH 0.47; EV / HE 1.00; EV / WF 1.00; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.78; OOL / WOT 1.83; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 1.97; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 0.83; 2 R 1 L / W 2.42.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D574FEE4FD59A85DFBB728E0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from the holotype, collected near the Grampian Range.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D576FEE3FDB9A85DFE812977.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 8020578 - 45 DF- 40 B 2 - 937 F- 9 E 0 CC 8 AE 4 CBF Figs 149, 151	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D576FEE3FDB9A85DFE812977.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a distinct complex of species with the head moderately deep and somewhat short posterior to the eyes (head deepest on a line through the eye in lateral view), clypeus evenly curved in profile, mandible reddish brown to orange, and basal wing cells densely setose. Closest to S. nesomeson sp. nov. and S. trinalis sp. nov., united by having the head only moderately convex ventrally; ocellar triangle relatively wide, OOL / WOT less than 1.40; and malar space short but distinct, about 1 / 4 as long as the mandible base. Differing from S. trinalis in lacking the propodeal transverse carina and having the metafemur relatively narrow (HFL / HFW ≥ 2.50). Nearly identical to S. nesomeson, differing only in the wing venation, with a broader cell 2 R 1 and convex posterior margin of 1 M, denser setation of the basal wing cells, and slightly paler mandible. Also very similar to S. intonsa sp. nov., differing in having the mandible and femora conspicuously pale (usually nearly black in S. intonsa, sometimes mandible reddish brown) and the vertex slightly carinate between the lateral ocelli.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D576FEE3FDB9A85DFE812977.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the close similarity of this species to S. glutinata sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D576FEE3FDB9A85DFE812977.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Cumberland Creek, via Cambarville; elev. 854 m; 13 Dec. 1973; I. Naumann leg.; temperate rainforest; QM T 262170.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D576FEE3FDB9A85DFE812977.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate to coriaceous, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible orange. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.39 mm; LM 0.73 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.51; EV / WF 0.56; WF / HE 0.91; WH / WF 1.84; OOL / WOT 1.25; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.10; HFL / HFW 2.69; A 3 L / W 1.10; 2 R 1 L / W 2.50.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D576FEE3FDB9A85DFE812977.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from the holotype, collected in the Yarra Ranges.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D576FEE3FDB9A85DFE812977.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species may be conspecific with S. nesomeson sp. nov., but the difference in wing venation and setation is notable enough that given their geographic separation, I feel it is best to treat them as semicryptic species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D570FEFEFD55AB7BFB9E2A36.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 8 A 500484 - E 939 - 49 C 7 - A 2 E 9 - 5 CB 68 DE 7 E 370 Figs 152 – 153	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D570FEFEFD55AB7BFB9E2A36.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between with a low carina, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. United with S. confecta sp. nov., S. contracta sp. nov., S. paracontracta sp. nov., S. pericontracta sp. nov., and S. subcontracta sp. nov. in having the long setae brown, scrobal carinae converging but not fused, clypeus apically a flat-topped ridge, and vein Rs ending short of the anterior wing margin. Forming a well-defined group with S. confecta and S. paracontracta, distinguished by the strongly obtuse ocellar triangle and carinate occipital margin; separated from the former by the much more highly arched clypeus and infuscate fore wing, and from the latter by the slightly narrower clypeal ridge, very short malar space, and DNA sequence.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D570FEFEFD55AB7BFB9E2A36.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ parallelus ’, ‘ side by side’, referring to the collection of the holotype alongside that of S. pericontracta sp. nov. while being morphologically nearly identical to S. paracontracta sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D570FEFEFD55AB7BFB9E2A36.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Cockburn Wetlands Education Centre; 32.0865 ° S, 115.831 ° E; 8 – 15 Aug. 2014; D. Crosbie leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 23352 - A 08, process ID GMCWF 470 - 15, BIN ACW 8560; ANIC 32 - 154863.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D570FEFEFD55AB7BFB9E2A36.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a flat ridge on anterior face (narrow, nearly carinate), antennal scrobes carinate; in profile steep, recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, close punctures, mostly about 1 pit width apart. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture evenly, weakly microreticulate. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Moderately shining with distinct microreticulation over all terga, T 4 – 6 punctate and conspicuously setose. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.66 mm; LM 0.95 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.53; EV / HE 0.33; EV / WF 0.38; WF / HE 0.87; WH / WF 1.73; OOL / WOT 0.79; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.87; HFL / HFW 2.17; A 3 L / W 1.25; 2 R 1 L / W 3.00.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D570FEFEFD55AB7BFB9E2A36.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype, collected in the Perth-Fremantle area.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D570FEFEFD55AB7BFB9E2A36.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species is morphologically nearly identical to S. paracontracta sp. nov. (ocellar triangle obtuse, DH / LH 0.54, OOL / WOT ~ 1.7) of South Australia, but was collected in Western Australia at the same site as S. pericontracta sp. nov. I would not have considered the slight differences between this and at least the first species to be significant enough to warrant describing it as separate, but all three have been sequenced and they are genetically about equally distant (~ 6 % divergent in COI). This suggests that some of the other species described here from a small number of widely-separated collections, such as S. megacephala sp. nov., S. paracompressa sp. nov., and S. vibrissoides sp. nov., are likely to be cryptic species pairs. The fourth species in this complex, S. confecta sp. nov. of New South Wales, has not been sequenced but also has clear differences and is no doubt distinct from the others.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56DFEFCFD44A838FBDD2E0E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DD 02 FFC 1 - FBC 6 - 4 B 1 D- 8 CC 1 - 32 D 1 BDCAA 095 Figs 149, 154	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56DFEFCFD44A838FBDD2E0E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a cluster of species with the head moderately deep (DH / LH ~ 0.57) and convex dorsally; lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest; and basal wing cells densely setose. Very similar to S. nitidigena sp. nov. and S. intonsa sp. nov., sharing the moderately narrow mandible, distinctly concave ventrally and strongly convex outwardly, distinct malar space, and clypeus lacking a sharp carina. Separated from the former by the narrow metafemur, gena reticulate posterolaterally, and S 6 glabrous medially; and from the latter by the coarser frons sculpture, distinctly pigmented wing veins, and more triangular cell 1 M.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56DFEFCFD44A838FBDD2E0E.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the type locality, at the base of Mount Pelion East. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56DFEFCFD44A838FBDD2E0E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Pelion Hut, 3 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 50 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 30 Nov. 1990 – 8 Jan. 1991; closed forest (W. E. B. S.) Malaise 5; ANIC 32 - 154864. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC • 1 ♀; Mt Barrow 11 km E by N of Nunamara; 41 ° 23 ′ S, 147 ° 25 ′ E; 30 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; 4 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 51 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 4 Oct. – 6 Nov. 1990; (W. E. B. S.) Malaise 3; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; Pelion Hut, 3 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 50 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 4 Oct. – 6 Nov. 1990; closed forest (W. E. B. S.) Malaise 2; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; Pelion Gap, 2 km ENE of Mt Ossa; 41 ° 52 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 30 Nov. 1990 – 9 Jan. 1991; [no collector] leg.; (W. E. B. S.) Malaise 6; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; 4 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 51 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 30 Nov. 1990 – 8 Jan. 1991; (W. E. B. S.) Malaise 3; ANIC • 1 ♀; Pelion Hut, 3 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 50 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 8 Jan. – 12 Feb. 1991; closed forest (W. E. B. S.) Malaise 2; ANIC • 2 ♀♀; Pelion Hut, 3 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 50 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 8 Jan. – 12 Feb. 1991; open forest (W. E. B. S.) Malaise 1; ANIC • 1 ♀; Pelion Hut, 3 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 50 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 18 – 23 Nov. 1991; I. D. Naumann leg.; rainforest margin; ANIC. Additional material examined AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♂; Pelion Hut, 3 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 50 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 5 – 10 Feb. 1990; I. D. Naumann leg.; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56DFEFCFD44A838FBDD2E0E.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally weakly carinate, or rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with moderately dense setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown, scape yellowish on median face. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.96 mm; LM 0.89 mm (0.78 – 0.98); WH / LH 0.89 (0.82 – 0.90); DH / LH 0.59 (0.57 – 0.61); EV / HE 0.63 (0.58 – 0.76); EV / WF 0.59 (0.55 – 0.68); WF / HE 1.06 (1.03 – 1.14); WH / WF 1.78 (1.71 – 1.82); OOL / WOT 1.21 (1.18 – 1.37); DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.17 (2.08 – 2.26); HFL / HFW 2.68 (2.48 – 2.76); A 3 L / W 1.50 (1.33 – 1.57); 2 R 1 L / W 3.11. N = 14. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Clypeus semicircular, apex rounded, in profile weakly curved, nearly straight. Malar space nearly absent. Frons setae longer than flagellum width. Mesosoma. Propodeal disc coarsely striate laterally. Metasoma. Apical tergites with very faint reticulation dorsally. Color. Mandible pale yellow. Profemur predominantly yellow, dorsal and ventral margins brownish. Wings. Basal wing cells with intermediate setation. Measurements. LFW 1.24 mm; LM 0.61 mm; WH / LH 0.89; DH / LH 0.56; EV / HE 0.64; EV / WF 0.69; WF / HE 0.93; WH / WF 1.85; OOL / WOT 1.12; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.33; HFL / HFW 2.50; A 3 L / W 1.25; 2 R 1 L / W 3.18.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56DFEFCFD44A838FBDD2E0E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from a long series all taken around the same locality in the course of one season.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56DFEFCFD44A838FBDD2E0E.taxon	discussion	Remarks The association of the male is somewhat uncertain; it differs from the female in more characters than other species, such as wing setation. See Remarks under S. intonsa sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56FFEFAFD48ACF1FD112E07.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4 EEB 05 E 2 - E 330 - 4 E 1 F-B 18 C- 6 DA 98 C 05 C 8 B 4 Figs 153, 155	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56FFEFAFD48ACF1FD112E07.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the basal wing cells glabrous, head convex dorsally, and clypeus evenly curved in profile, distinguished by the moderately deep head (DH / LH 0.55 – 0.60), mostly dark mandible, and lack of a carina between the lateral ocelli. Closest to S. lemniscata sp. nov., separated by having the mandible distinctly narrower, frons about as wide as eye height, and head longer posterior of the eye.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56FFEFAFD48ACF1FD112E07.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ peras ’, ‘ end’ or ‘ western’, referring to the type locality on the far west coast and its position as the last major town on the way north. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56FFEFAFD48ACF1FD112E07.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Geraldton; 31 Dec. 1975; R. Storey and E. M. Exley leg.; QM T 262171. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56FFEFAFD48ACF1FD112E07.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.86 mm; LM 0.98 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.63; EV / WF 0.62; WF / HE 1.03; WH / WF 1.79; OOL / WOT 1.03; DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 1.96; HFL / HFW 2.29; A 3 L / W 0.83; 2 R 1 L / W 2.47.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56FFEFAFD48ACF1FD112E07.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known from one collection.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D569FEF8FDB8ACCBFD602D7B.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 7 F 851 F 2 - 1 DAE- 4368 - B 65 E- 75 A 1 AB 2 A 0108 Figs 153, 156	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D569FEF8FDB8ACCBFD602D7B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between with a low carina, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. United with S. contracta sp. nov., S. confecta sp. nov., S. paracontracta sp. nov., S. parallela sp. nov., and S. subcontracta sp. nov. in having the long setae brown, scrobal carinae converging but not fused, clypeus apically a flat-topped ridge, and vein Rs ending short of the anterior wing margin. Separated from the first by the dense punctation and short setae of the frons (setae only about as long as the medial flagellum width) and broader head (WH / LH ~ 0.91) with posterior corners well defined; and from the last by the low carina on the anterior frons, mandible entirely black, and fore wing evenly tinged with yellow. Very similar to S. confecta, S. paracontracta, and S. parallela, separated by having the ocellar triangle anterior angle right and occipital margin rounded, not carinate.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D569FEF8FDB8ACCBFD602D7B.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the similarity of this species to S. contracta sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D569FEF8FDB8ACCBFD602D7B.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Cockburn Wetlands Education Centre; 32.0865 ° S, 115.831 ° E; 6 – 13 Feb. 2015; D. Crosbie leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 26390 - A 01, process ID GMCWS 630 - 15, BIN ADC 2753; ANIC 32 - 154865.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D569FEF8FDB8ACCBFD602D7B.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to rounded triangular, apex rounded; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a flat ridge on anterior face, antennal scrobes carinate; in profile steep, recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, close punctures, mostly about 1 pit width apart. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head (weakly differentiated from ventral sculpture). Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane with a transverse band of faint infuscation between stigma and apex of Rs. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.11 mm; LM 1.13 mm; WH / LH 0.93; DH / LH 0.55; EV / HE 0.29; EV / WF 0.35; WF / HE 0.83; WH / WF 1.89; OOL / WOT 0.95; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 1.80; HFL / HFW 2.02; A 3 L / W 1.20; 2 R 1 L / W 2.85.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D569FEF8FDB8ACCBFD602D7B.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype, collected in the Perth-Fremantle area.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D569FEF8FDB8ACCBFD602D7B.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. parallela sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56BFEF6FDAAAF64FEF52D5D.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 AFDC 50 A- 5 E 75 - 459 E- 95 AD-EFE 1722 FE 101 Figs 125, 157	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56BFEF6FDAAAF64FEF52D5D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis An aberrant member of the compressa species group, with the head flattened and frons broad but mesosoma not compressed. Closest to S. lapis sp. nov. and S. medialis sp. nov., separated by having the head nearly as wide as long (WH / LH 0.98), head flat and clypeus elongate in profile.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56BFEF6FDAAAF64FEF52D5D.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ planus ’, ‘ flat’, + ‘ frons ’, ‘ front’, referring to the broad frons and flattened head. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56BFEF6FDAAAF64FEF52D5D.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 5.5 km W of Musselbrook Mining Camp; 18 ° 36 ′ S, 138 ° 06 ′ E; 14 Apr. 1995; G. V. Maynard leg.; Melaleuca GVM-AC 950549; ANIC 32 - 154866. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; 9.7 km N of Ellis Beach; 17 Apr. 1987; E. C. Dahms and G. Sarnes leg.; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56BFEF6FDAAAF64FEF52D5D.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with ventral tooth largest, three dorsal teeth equal. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture microreticulate and extremely dull, velvety. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 broadly setose all over, S 3 – 5 each with a conspicuous apical band of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Head and mesosoma black, metasoma brownish. Antenna entirely dull yellow. Mandible black. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.28 mm; LM 1.29 mm; WH / LH 0.98; DH / LH 0.44; EV / HE 0.71; EV / WF 0.45; WF / HE 1.60; WH / WF 1.46; OOL / WOT 1.79; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.73; HFL / HFW 1.82; A 3 L / W 1.33; 2 R 1 L / W 2.53.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56BFEF6FDAAAF64FEF52D5D.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from two locations in the north, one wet and one dry.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D56BFEF6FDAAAF64FEF52D5D.taxon	discussion	Remarks Like S. medialis sp. nov., the head shape clearly places this species in the compressa group despite the robust mesosoma. Its collection from two very different habitat types is unusual in the Australian Sierola fauna.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D565FEF5FDA4AF01FC092911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 3586 C 36 F- 4 DC 9 - 49 D 2 - 9361 - 9 D 6 D 68112459 Figs 158 – 159	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D565FEF5FDA4AF01FC092911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among the species with a distinctly elongate, parallel-sided clypeus, easily separated by the clypeus completely flat dorsally and evenly sloping in profile. The sculpture of the frons is minutely colliculate, obscuring the punctation, while the clypeus is highly polished, both unusual characters. Most similar to S. giffardi Fullaway, 1920 of Hawaii, which differs in having both the frons and clypeus smoothly microreticulate, and the vertex distinctly concave.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D565FEF5FDA4AF01FC092911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ planus ’, ‘ flat’, + ‘ rostrum ’, ‘ beak’ or ‘ nose’, referring to the flat clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D565FEF5FDA4AF01FC092911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; 9 km NE of Blackbutt; 26 ° 52 ′ S, 152 ° 11 ′ E; 19 Oct. 1991; T. Gush leg.; in debris in creek bed, Tom Gush Collection 3181; ANIC 32 - 154867.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D565FEF5FDA4AF01FC092911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process somewhat elongate, semicircular at the apex, apex broadly rounded; dorsally flat, margins dropping off vertically; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons punctation obscured by microsculpture. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture minutely colliculate, appearing dull at low magnification but with each cellule shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible concave in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression narrow but distinct, V-shaped. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc slightly concave. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black to reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.95 mm; LM 0.98 mm; WH / LH 0.76; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 0.67; EV / WF 0.69; WF / HE 0.98; WH / WF 1.83; OOL / WOT 1.26; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.84; HFL / HFW 2.08; A 3 L / W 1.17; 2 R 1 L / W 2.25.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D565FEF5FDA4AF01FC092911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D566FEF3FDBBABDDFDE3282E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 7 F 6 D 989 - BBCA- 42 A 6 - 8 A 0 A- 24725 D 0 B 4 E 19 Figs 159 – 160	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D566FEF3FDBBABDDFDE3282E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a species complex with S. koala sp. nov. and S. samiata sp. nov., characterized by the broad, flat clypeus which is curved in profile, highly polished, and largely impunctate; head broad and compressed; and vertex concave in dorsal view. Separated from the former by having the basal wing cells nearly glabrous rather than sparsely setose, frons scarcely broader than an eye length, ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse, and propodeum with a broad polished strip; and from the latter by the black mandible and more compressed head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D566FEF3FDBBABDDFDE3282E.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ platy ’, ‘ flat’, + ‘ rhynchos ’, ‘ nose’, referring to the flattened clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D566FEF3FDBBABDDFDE3282E.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 1 km SSE of Gladstone; 40 ° 58 ′ S, 148 ° 01 ′ E; 29 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154868. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; Donaldson State Forest via Woodenbong; 30 Dec. 1979; I. D. Naumann leg.; ANIC • 1 ♀; Whiskers, 7 km WNW of Hoskinstown; 35 ° 24 ′ S, 149 ° 23 ′ E; 8 Sep. 1992; M. S. Upton leg.; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D566FEF3FDBBABDDFDE3282E.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process broad, elongate, semicircular at the apex, apex broadly rounded; dorsally flat, margins dropping off vertically; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with ventral tooth largest, three dorsal teeth equal. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible concave in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.58 mm; LM 0.92 mm (0.92 – 0.98); WH / LH 0.96 (0.96 – 1.00); DH / LH 0.44 (0.44 – 0.47); EV / HE 0.36 (0.35 – 0.39); EV / WF 0.34 (0.33 – 0.35); WF / HE 1.06 (1.06 – 1.09); WH / WF 1.79 (1.79 – 1.84); OOL / WOT 0.98 (0.96 – 1.12); DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 1.73 (1.73 – 1.86); HFL / HFW 2.13 (2.09 – 2.21); A 3 L / W 1.48 (1.17 – 1.48); 2 R 1 L / W 2.73. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D566FEF3FDBBABDDFDE3282E.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales and Tasmania. Known from three widely separated collections; probably occurring in Queensland and Victoria as well.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D566FEF3FDBBABDDFDE3282E.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species may be conspecific with S. samiata sp. nov., as they differ mainly in mandible color. Although the ranges are nearly sympatric, the records of S. samiata are from drier, more inland sites than S. platyrhyncha sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D560FEF1FD5CAAD0FD3629B6.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 11 BFD 1 B-A 655 - 42 C 5 - A 446 - F 1137 CAA 07 E 8 Figs 161, 163	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D560FEF1FD5CAAD0FD3629B6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a cluster of species with the clypeus dorsally with a low, sharp carina, evenly curved in profile; head moderately deep (DH / LH ~ 0.59) and convex dorsally; lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest; and basal wing cells densely setose. Distinguished by the strongly obtuse ocellar triangle and posterior corners of the head strongly rounded off, appearing ovate rather than quadrate in dorsal view. The head is also rather strongly convex dorsally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D560FEF1FD5CAAD0FD3629B6.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ pontilis ’, ‘ of a bridge’, referring to the holotype collection site. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D560FEF1FD5CAAD0FD3629B6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Intake Bridge; 41 ° 19 ′ S, 147 ° 56 ′ E; 13 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154869. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; Elephant Pass; 41 ° 38 ′ S, 148 ° 13 ′ E; 28 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D560FEF1FD5CAAD0FD3629B6.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate to coriaceous, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with moderately dense setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, all tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.45 mm; LM 0.72 mm; WH / LH 0.87; DH / LH 0.59; EV / HE 0.46; EV / WF 0.55; WF / HE 0.84; WH / WF 1.97; OOL / WOT 1.08; DM / LM 0.42; FL / FW 2.06; HFL / HFW 2.59; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 3.08.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D560FEF1FD5CAAD0FD3629B6.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from two specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D562FE8FFD55ABB8FB9C2DF3.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: A 21 D 64 F 0 - BC 50 - 4157 - B 1 EB- 66249 EDA 1 D 66 Figs 162 – 163	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D562FE8FFD55ABB8FB9C2DF3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the basal wing cells glabrous, head convex dorsally, and clypeus evenly curved in profile, distinguished by the orange-brown mandible, flattened head, and S 6 evenly covered with short, anteriorly-directed setae. Some specimens of S. carinifrons sp. nov. also have the mandible pale, but also have the propodeum with a broad median polished strip extending the full length of the dorsal surface and frons microsculpture smooth; in S. porticola sp. nov. the propodeum is polished only in a triangle covering the basal 1 / 3 and the frons microsculpture coriaceous.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D562FE8FFD55ABB8FB9C2DF3.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ portus ’, ‘ harbor’, + ‘ - cola ’, ‘ dweller’, referring to the collection of this species near Waterloo Bay.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D562FE8FFD55ABB8FB9C2DF3.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Elliston; 14 Nov. 1992; L. S. and R. B. Kimsey leg.; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D562FE8FFD55ABB8FB9C2DF3.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart (largely obscured by microsculpture). Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity (smooth but faintly microreticulate back to declivity); transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum evenly covered with short, anteriorly-directed setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape brown basally, otherwise nearly all yellow. Mandible mostly orange-brown, basal third black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle (apex of Rs faint or absent but last segment of C clearly present and pigmented). MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.57 mm; LM 0.82 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.62; EV / WF 0.72; WF / HE 0.86; WH / WF 1.87; OOL / WOT 1.15; DM / LM 0.32; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.08; A 3 L / W 0.91; 2 R 1 L / W 2.56.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D562FE8FFD55ABB8FB9C2DF3.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected on the Eyre Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51CFE8AFDA7AFFFFC9F286C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1579 CF 03 - 94 AA- 4 C 6 C- 8786 - 4 C 07163 D 8 B 9 D Figs 159, 164	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51CFE8AFDA7AFFFFC9F286C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Easily separated from nearly all other Sierola by the elongate trapezoidal clypeus, which is narrowly truncate apically and strongly convex dorsally. Closest to S. redacta sp. nov., distinguished by the narrower clypeus which is strongly curved in profile; broader head, with OOL / WOT much less (1.13 – 1.33 vs ~ 1.75); elongate setae of the vertex and gena; and sparsely setose basal wing cells. The form of the clypeus resembles some species from Hawaii such as S. winiwini Magnacca, but in all those seen the clypeus is either flat or at least weakly carinate, not convex.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51CFE8AFDA7AFFFFC9F286C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ proboscidis ’, ‘ snout’, referring to the elongate, narrow clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51CFE8AFDA7AFFFFC9F286C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Honeysuckle Creek; 35 ° 35 ′ S, 149 ° 00 ′ E; 11 – 22 Apr. 1985; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise trap / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154870. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Canberra, Cook, 8 Moss Street; 35.261 ° S, 149.0591 ° E; elev. 632 m; 9 Oct. 2010; C. Carr, P. Hebert, S. Kirk, J. McCormick and J. Sones leg.; BOLD: process ID HYAT 264 - 11, BIN ABA 1054; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 30 Oct. 2010; BOLD: process ID HYAS 784 - 11, BIN ABA 1054; ANIC • 3 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; 18 – 24 Oct. 2011; P. Hebert leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD: process IDs AACTA 1114 - 20, AACTA 1145 - 20, AACTA 1632 - 20, BIN ABA 1054; ANIC. – New South Wales • 2 ♀♀; Royalla; 29 Mar. 1961; D. H. Colless leg.; ANIC. – Queensland • 1 ♀; Blunder Creek, Brisbane; 2 – 9 Oct. 1979; A. Hook and H. E. and M. A. Evans leg.; QM • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 1 – 7 Nov. 1979; QM. – South Australia • 1 ♀; Mt Barker; 12 Dec. 1989 – 2 Jan. 1990; A. D. Austin and R. Wharton leg.; SAMA. – Victoria • 1 ♀; Parkville, Melbourne; 18 Feb. 1985; K. Walker leg.; on Eucalyptus; MVMA HYM- 86596 • 1 ♀; Melbourne, Roadside, Reids Road; 37 ° 44 ′ S, 144 ° 20 ′ E; 19 May 1993; B. Van Praagh and P. Lillywhite leg.; Melbourne Western Region Survey, canopy fogging grey box woodland. rep. 1; MVMA HYM- 86619.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51CFE8AFDA7AFFFFC9F286C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process elongate trapezoidal to rounded triangular, apex truncate; dorsally with a broad, rounded ridge; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided to slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth and shining to finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight or very slightly concave; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye flat, with a broad area of distinct tesselate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent, median area with a narrow polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 3 – 5 each with two pairs of long erect setae, S 6 with one pair much longer than others. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline or weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle (rarely faint at apex or not reaching wing margin). MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.71 mm; LM 0.94 mm (0.78 – 1.11); WH / LH 0.87 (0.83 – 0.92); DH / LH 0.51 (0.49 – 0.55); EV / HE 0.52 (0.43 – 0.58); EV / WF 0.52 (0.43 – 0.58); WF / HE 1.00 (0.95 – 1.03); WH / WF 1.79 (1.77 – 1.85); OOL / WOT 1.15 (1.13 – 1.33); DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.96 (1.83 – 1.97); HFL / HFW 2.17 (2.16 – 2.31); A 3 L / W 1.30 (1.11 – 1.33); 2 R 1 L / W 3.14. N = 13.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51CFE8AFDA7AFFFFC9F286C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland, New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, Victoria, and South Australia. Widespread across the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51CFE8AFDA7AFFFFC9F286C.taxon	discussion	Remarks In smaller specimens where the mandibles are partly opened, the size and shape of the clypeus may not be as clearly observed. However, the peculiar dorsal ridge (somewhat broad, flat or broadly convex, and shiny) is very distinctive. The apex of Rs is somewhat variable; in most specimens it clearly reaches the wing margin, but sometimes is weakly pigmented distally, and in one specimen clearly ends short, with the poststigmal abscissa of R 1 also absent. The last is part of a series of specimens collected together and sequenced, and all are identical in DNA. In one of the Queensland specimens cell 1 M is unusually small and narrow, but the other collected with it is normal.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D519FE88FD41AA16FB362911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 79345 A 7 - BB 33 - 4002 - 8 E 52 - 538 AEB 9 C 410 B Figs 165, 190	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D519FE88FD41AA16FB362911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the large complex of species with the head convex dorsally, basal wing cells setose, and head compressed. Separated from similar species by the elongate vertex and gena setae, strongly compressed head (DH / LH ~ 0.48), carinate occipital margin, and sparsely setose basal wing cells.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D519FE88FD41AA16FB362911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ pumilis ’, ‘ small’, referring to the diminutive size.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D519FE88FD41AA16FB362911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Cockatoo Creek; 11 ° 39 ′ S, 142 ° 27 ′ E; 20 Apr. – 20 May 1994; P. Zborowski leg.; flight intercept trap; ANIC 32 - 154871. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Bramston Beach; 17 ° 21 ′ S, 146 ° 01 ′ E; 14 Dec. 1991; C. J. Burwell leg.; ex ethanol; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D519FE88FD41AA16FB362911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished, smooth, shining; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view slightly convex; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture shining and faintly reticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible orange. Procoxa and femur yellow except dorsal margin of femur, meso- and metafemora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.01 mm; LM 0.59 mm; WH / LH 0.80; DH / LH 0.45; EV / HE 0.71; EV / WF 0.68; WF / HE 1.04; WH / WF 1.70; OOL / WOT 1.30; DM / LM 0.31; FL / FW 1.83; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 0.75; 2 R 1 L / W 3.09.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D519FE88FD41AA16FB362911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from two specimens collected in the Cairns and Cape York regions.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51BFE86FD5DABDDFB9C2911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 88873 A 82 - 4 C 6 E- 4 EB 7 - 9485 - 1641 C 9 FD 2882 Figs 163, 166	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51BFE86FD5DABDDFB9C2911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, dense frons punctation, and the basal wing cells very densely setose. Close to S. vulsa sp. nov. in having the long setae yellow-brown rather than black; joined with S. dolichotrhix sp. nov. in having the head narrow and a sharp, thin, laminate clypeal carina, continuous from the anterior to dorsal surface between the antennal sockets, distinguished by the black mandible and metasomal T 4 – 6 with faint but distinct dorsal microreticulation.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51BFE86FD5DABDDFB9C2911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ reburrus ’, ‘ bristling’, referring to the long setae of the head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51BFE86FD5DABDDFB9C2911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Arno Bay; elev. 20 m; 9 – 19 Jan. 2019; J. L. Holder leg.; MABJH 2, sand dune, small bowl shaped area, lots of flowering shrubs and some Eucalyptus and Acacia plants near by, tied to dead tree near thorn bush; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51BFE86FD5DABDDFB9C2911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process triangular, apex pointed; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a sharp carina on anterior face; in profile strongly arched, vertical or slightly recurved at apex, carina extending above antennal sockets. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, close punctures, mostly about 1 pit width apart. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae elongate, twice as long as flagellar width or more. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 with faint microsculpture dorsally. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, those on S 6 twice as long as others. Sixth sternum evenly pilose, with dense short erect setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.45 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.82; DH / LH 0.53; EV / HE 0.47; EV / WF 0.50; WF / HE 0.95; WH / WF 1.74; OOL / WOT 1.00; DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.82; HFL / HFW 1.86; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.79.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D51BFE86FD5DABDDFB9C2911.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype, collected on the Eyre Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D515FE84FD5CABDDFBA02911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 8 F 83255 - FEED- 4 FFC-A 95 D- 0 E 19 A 9 A 7 D 5 DC Figs 163, 167	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D515FE84FD5CABDDFBA02911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Easily separated from nearly all other Sierola by the elongate trapezoidal clypeus, which is narrowly truncate apically and strongly convex dorsally. Closest to S. proboscidis sp. nov., distinguished by the broader clypeus which is weakly curved in profile; narrower head, with OOL / WOT much greater (1.60 – 1.90 vs 1.00 – 1.30); short vertex and gena setae; and densely setose basal wing cells.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D515FE84FD5CABDDFBA02911.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ redactus ’, ‘ shortened’, referring to the truncate clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D515FE84FD5CABDDFBA02911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 14 km S of Bronte Park; 42 ° 15 ′ S, 146 ° 29 ′ E; 15 Jan. – 3 Feb. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154872. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; Shoobridge Bend, Mt Wellington; 42 ° 54 ′ S, 147 ° 15 ′ E; 5 Feb. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D515FE84FD5CABDDFBA02911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process elongate trapezoidal, apex truncate; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; slightly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with relatively regular, moderately close punctures, 1 – 2 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous to finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye flat, with a broad area of distinct tesselate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Head and mesosoma black, metasoma brownish. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.02 mm; LM 0.95 mm; WH / LH 0.80; DH / LH 0.47; EV / HE 0.74; EV / WF 0.64; WF / HE 1.15; WH / WF 1.69; OOL / WOT 1.75; DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 2.08; HFL / HFW 2.30; A 3 L / W 1.06; 2 R 1 L / W 2.84.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D515FE84FD5CABDDFBA02911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from two specimens taken in the southern half of the island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D517FE82FD5DABDDFC242AA9.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: C 406842 A- 0 FB 6 - 4 EF 9 - 800 F- 4 B 1 F 3 DCD 1 CE 0 Figs 163, 168	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D517FE82FD5DABDDFC242AA9.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex dorsally, basal wing cells setose, and mandible black, easily recognized by the combination of cell 2 R 1 open (vein Rs not reaching the wing margin) and ocellar triangle strongly obtuse. Closest to S. gingera sp. nov., sharing the ocellar triangle, but differing in having the vertex and gena setae are not so strong and in the wing venation. Also similar to S. crinita sp. nov., differing in the elongate vertex and gena setae, broader head, and ocellar triangle.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D517FE82FD5DABDDFC242AA9.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ regulus ’, ‘ diminutive of king’, from the collection of the unique type on the small King Island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D517FE82FD5DABDDFC242AA9.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; King Is., Pegarah Nature Reserve; 39.9441 ° S, 143.9905 ° E; 19 Nov. – 16 Dec. 2023; S. J. Grove, L. Cambra and M. Beattie leg.; Malaise trap series 3; TMAG F 180575.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D517FE82FD5DABDDFC242AA9.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view distinctly elbowed externally, internal margin nearly straight. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle present posteriorly, not prominent, head relatively flat. Side of head posterior to eye convex, with a broad area of colliculate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown to black. Mandible black. Legs all dark brown to black. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.99 mm; LM 0.98 mm; WH / LH 0.89; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.56; EV / WF 0.50; WF / HE 1.13; WH / WF 1.64; OOL / WOT 1.00; DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 1.96; HFL / HFW 2.13; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 3.20.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D517FE82FD5DABDDFC242AA9.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype, collected on King Island.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D511FE80FD41AB55FD8029C3.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 F 9 C 8388 - 0 DCF- 45 FE-BC 2 B- 24 D 1 F 863 A 88 D Figs 163, 169	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D511FE80FD41AB55FD8029C3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Distinguished by the combination of the head moderately deep (DH / LH ~ 0.55) and convex dorsally; mandible narrow, parallel-sided, strongly convex outwardly, and black to reddish brown; ocellar triangle strongly acute; and basal wing cells densely setose. Closest to S. bidawal sp. nov., but the clypeus is distinctly curved in profile and dorsally smoothly convex, not carinate or angulate, the mandible is very different, and the head much more convex ventrally.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D511FE80FD41AB55FD8029C3.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the type locality in the southwest of Tasmania, accessible only by boat or a long foot journey.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D511FE80FD41AB55FD8029C3.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Claytons, Bathurst Harbor; 43 ° 22 ′ S, 146 ° 08 ′ E; 3 Dec. 1990 – 15 Jan. 1991; Nielsen and Edwards leg.; Malaise trap; ANIC 32 - 154873. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; 4 km SE of Weldsborough; 41 ° 14 ′ S, 147 ° 56 ′ E; 13 Jan. – 7 Feb. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise / ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; Woodsdale; 42.479 ° S, 147.576 ° E; 8 Oct. 1986; R. Bashford leg.; Malaise trap; TMAG F 151430.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D511FE80FD41AB55FD8029C3.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining near apex, remainder coriaceous; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded, or head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with moderately dense setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black to reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, all tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.93 mm; LM 0.95 mm (0.94 – 1.00); WH / LH 0.79 (0.76 – 0.79); DH / LH 0.55 (0.53 – 0.55); EV / HE 0.74 (0.74 – 0.82); EV / WF 0.71 (0.71 – 0.78); WF / HE 1.04 (1.00 – 1.08); WH / WF 1.77 (1.73 – 1.80); OOL / WOT 1.48 (1.42 – 1.50); DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.83 (1.83 – 1.93); HFL / HFW 2.57 (2.48 – 2.57); A 3 L / W 1.60 (1.48 – 1.60); 2 R 1 L / W 3.00. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D511FE80FD41AB55FD8029C3.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from three widely separated specimens, one each from the northeast, east-central, and southwest areas.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D511FE80FD41AB55FD8029C3.taxon	discussion	Remarks The Woodsdale paratype has the mandible distinctly reddish brown, rather than black as in the other two specimens, but is otherwise identical.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D513FE9EFDA2AB8FFBE32FDF.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: A 2 F 6 D 57 D-E 7 C 9 - 466 C- 9 A 9 F- 48 A 22 FAABDEC Figs 159, 170	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D513FE9EFDA2AB8FFBE32FDF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Distinguished from most other species by having the head both broad and deep, strongly convex dorsally and ventrally. Closest to S. elasson sp. nov. and S. stilboparia sp. nov.; separated from the former by having the head broadly convex ventrally and lacking the median propodeal carina, from the latter by the deeper head (DH / LH 0.62 – 0.64), and from both by the strongly acute ocellar triangle, narrow metafemur, and entirely coriaceous gena.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D513FE9EFDA2AB8FFBE32FDF.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the strongly rounded head, in both dorsal and lateral view.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D513FE9EFDA2AB8FFBE32FDF.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Ballarat; emerged 29 Oct. 1980; B. J. Iles leg.; ex Narycia [= Lepidoscia] cataphracta; ANIC 32 - 154874. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; Toms Cabin, New England National Park; 30 ° 30 ′ S, 152 ° 24 ′ E; 2 – 15 Oct. 1984; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise trap / ethanol; ANIC. – Victoria • 2 ♀♀, 2 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D513FE9EFDA2AB8FFBE32FDF.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical or very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae dark brown, trochanters, tarsi, and bands at bases and apices of tibiae orange. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.40 mm; LM 1.19 mm (0.97 – 1.19); WH / LH 0.95 (0.92 – 0.95); DH / LH 0.64 (0.62 – 0.64); EV / HE 0.49 (0.49 – 0.57); EV / WF 0.47 (0.47 – 0.58); WF / HE 1.04 (0.95 – 1.04); WH / WF 1.84 (1.82 – 1.86); OOL / WOT 1.42 (1.40 – 1.42); DM / LM 0.42; FL / FW 2.00 (2.00 – 2.10); HFL / HFW 2.69 (2.69 – 2.82); A 3 L / W 1.51 (1.50 – 1.51); 2 R 1 L / W 2.73. N = 4. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Moderately convex dorsally. Color. Antenna yellow on scape and basal half of flagellum, apical half brown. Mandible yellow. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.79 – 1.86 mm; LM 0.89 – 0.95 mm; WH / LH 0.92 – 0.98; DH / LH 0.59 – 0.65; EV / HE 0.51 – 0.55; EV / WF 0.51 – 0.55; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.85; OOL / WOT 1.19 – 1.24; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.26 – 2.33; HFL / HFW 2.89 – 2.90; A 3 L / W 1.50 – 1.57; 2 R 1 L / W 2.56 – 2.58.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D513FE9EFDA2AB8FFBE32FDF.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales and Victoria; known from two collections.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D513FE9EFDA2AB8FFBE32FDF.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology The type series was reared from Lepidoscia cataphracta (Meyrick, 1893) (Psychidae Boisduval, 1828), a case-making moth that feeds on lichens (Zborowski & Edwards 2007).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50DFE9CFD5AAD83FD312ED1.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 4 CB 7 A 60 - 78 C 4 - 4 F 42 - BDC 4 - F 0874 AC 6 C 271 Figs 159, 171	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50DFE9CFD5AAD83FD312ED1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a species complex with S. koala sp. nov. and S. platyrhyncha sp. nov., characterized by the broad, flat clypeus which is curved in profile, highly polished, and largely impunctate; head broad and compressed; and vertex concave in dorsal view. Separated from the former by having the basal wing cells nearly glabrous rather than sparsely setose, frons scarcely broader than an eye length, ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse, and propodeum with a broad polished strip; and from the latter by the reddish brown to orange mandible and slightly deeper head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50DFE9CFD5AAD83FD312ED1.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ samiatus ’, ‘ polished’, referring to the strongly shining clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50DFE9CFD5AAD83FD312ED1.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; near Westcott Plain, Bunya Mts National Park; 26 ° 52 ′ S, 151 ° 34 ′ E; 6 – 7 Oct. 1984; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154875. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Boggomoss 30 via Taroom; 25 ° 29 ′ S, 150 ° 08 ′ E; 14 Nov. 1996 – Jan. 1997; D. Cook and G. Monteith leg.; baited flight intercept 057; QM T 33421 • 1 ♀; Bunya Mts National Park, Cherry Plain Picnic Area; 26 ° 51 ′ 04 ″ S, 151 ° 33 ′ 42 ″ E; 18 – 19 Dec. 2002; J. Munro leg.; YPT [yellow pan trap]; UCRC 126809.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50DFE9CFD5AAD83FD312ED1.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process somewhat elongate, semicircular at the apex, apex rounded; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible strongly oblique, with ventral tooth relatively large, second moderate, two dorsal teeth tiny. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave; occipital margin carinate. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle present posteriorly, not prominent, head relatively flat. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression broad, shallow, V-shaped. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.55 mm; LM 0.89 mm (0.72 – 0.94); WH / LH 0.99 (0.97 – 0.99); DH / LH 0.49 (0.45 – 0.51); EV / HE 0.39 (0.36 – 0.39); EV / WF 0.37 (0.36 – 0.37); WF / HE 1.05 (1.00 – 1.05); WH / WF 1.84 (1.81 – 1.88); OOL / WOT 0.85 (0.83 – 1.02); DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 1.91 (1.79 – 1.91); HFL / HFW 2.10 (2.10 – 2.23); A 3 L / W 1.30 (1.23 – 1.30); 2 R 1 L / W 3.00. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50DFE9CFD5AAD83FD312ED1.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from three specimens taken in the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50DFE9CFD5AAD83FD312ED1.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. platyrhyncha sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50FFE9AFD53AC92FC8D2E40.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 5 FD 18322 - 0 D 0 C- 47 F 6 - B 716 - 3 E 64 DFFD 6 CDA Figs 159, 172	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50FFE9AFD53AC92FC8D2E40.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A very distinctive species, with a very broad, flat clypeus, deep head which is strongly convex dorsally and angulate ventrally, twisted mandible, and densely setose basal wing cells. The unusual slightly upturned clypeal apex is shared with S. nasuta sp. nov., but they differ in most other respects.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50FFE9AFD53AC92FC8D2E40.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ sarculum ’, ‘ hoe’, referring to the resemblance of the enlarged, flattened clypeus to the gardening implement.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50FFE9AFD53AC92FC8D2E40.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Blundells Creek; 35 ° 22 ′ S, 148 ° 50 ′ E; Feb. 1987; D. H. Colless leg.; ANIC 32 - 154876.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50FFE9AFD53AC92FC8D2E40.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process broad, elongate, semicircular at the apex, apex broadly rounded; dorsally flat, margins sharp; in profile straight, slightly upturned at apex. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; slightly bent ventrad and twisted, outwardly polished, smooth, shining; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with three subequal apical teeth and one small preapical ventral tooth. Malar space 1 / 2 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, close punctures, mostly about 1 pit width apart (sparser posterior of eyes). Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining, coarsely reticulate and dull laterally between eyes and vertex. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle very strongly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible concave in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture smooth and polished posterolaterally, reticulate ventrally and along posterior eye margin. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina distinct; transverse carina present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, those on S 5 – 6 about twice as long as preceding. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.24 mm; LM 1.23 mm; WH / LH 0.81; DH / LH 0.55; EV / HE 0.69; EV / WF 0.52; WF / HE 1.38; WH / WF 1.58; OOL / WOT 1.84; DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 1.94; HFL / HFW 2.13; A 3 L / W 0.91; 2 R 1 L / W 2.26.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50FFE9AFD53AC92FC8D2E40.taxon	distribution	Distribution Australian Capital Territory; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D509FE98FDBFAC02FBCC2FF0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: AD 756 E 2 D-FE 67 - 4 E 68 - A 8 B 6 - BE 8 BA 1 A 27 FB 9 Figs 153, 173	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D509FE98FDBFAC02FBCC2FF0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A very distinctive species, immediately recognizable by the shape of the head in lateral view, with the venter posterior of the mouthparts strongly concave. The frons microsculpture is also unusual, colliculate anteriorly changing to coriaceous posterior of the eyes, obscuring the punctation.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D509FE98FDBFAC02FBCC2FF0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ skaphe ’, ‘ hollowed’, + ‘ geneion ’, ‘ chin’, referring to the shape of the venter of the head. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D509FE98FDBFAC02FBCC2FF0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Ludlow; 33 ° 37 ′ S, 115 ° 29 ′ E; 2 Nov. – 23 Dec. 1981; S. J. Curry leg.; Malaise / Tuart forest; ANIC 32 - 154877.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D509FE98FDBFAC02FBCC2FF0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular, apex rounded; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, more or less parallel-sided but slightly broader medially than at base or apex; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view distinctly elbowed externally, internal margin nearly straight. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons appearing impunctate (setae arising from shallow pits that are only visible at low angles). Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture minutely colliculate between eyes, coriaceous posteriorly. Vertex in dorsal view slightly sinuate around ocellar triangle; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible very strongly concave in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle prominent, pointing slightly anteriorly. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and apex brown, middle flagellomeres brown dorsally and orange ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.68 mm; LM 0.89 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.58; EV / HE 0.55; EV / WF 0.52; WF / HE 1.05; WH / WF 1.83; OOL / WOT 1.49; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 1.93; HFL / HFW 2.21; A 3 L / W 1.43; 2 R 1 L / W 2.33.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D509FE98FDBFAC02FBCC2FF0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype taken in the far southwest.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50BFE96FD5FADF2FB9B28C3.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 64 FC 83 F-C 96 D- 4 F 4 A-BF 14 - B 7 DE 56 F 08505 Figs 153, 174	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50BFE96FD5FADF2FB9B28C3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with a strongly compressed body and flat head, separated from the compressa group by the relatively long, narrow, quadrate head. Closest to S. antipoda, distinguished by the sparsely setose basal wing cells and moderately narrow, parallel-sided mandible, smooth frons microsculpture, and head longer posterior of the eyes.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50BFE96FD5FADF2FB9B28C3.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ scutula ’, ‘ lozenge’, referring to the shape of the head. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50BFE96FD5FADF2FB9B28C3.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; 22 km N of Eneabba; 29 ° 38 ′ S, 115 ° 14 ′ E; 13 Jun. 1995; L. S. and R. B. Kimsey leg.; ex Eucalyptus; UCDC 10108.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50BFE96FD5FADF2FB9B28C3.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical to very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow to moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae nearly absent, visible only beyond propodeal declivity. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.38 mm; LM 0.70 mm; WH / LH 0.71; DH / LH 0.37; EV / HE 1.11; EV / WF 1.08; WF / HE 1.02; WH / WF 1.75; OOL / WOT 1.49; DM / LM 0.25; FL / FW 2.24; HFL / HFW 2.17; A 3 L / W 0.87; 2 R 1 L / W 2.83.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D50BFE96FD5FADF2FB9B28C3.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype, collected near the west coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D505FE94FDA0AA8CFEFA2846.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1803 DA 57 - 6 F 4 C- 462 A- 8429 - BA 776 A 29 C 164 Figs 159, 175	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D505FE94FDA0AA8CFEFA2846.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the compressa group, characterized by the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, and basal wing cells sparsely setose; belonging to the subgroup with the ocellar triangle weakly acute to obtuse and head shorter posterior to the eyes. Closest to S. trachycephala sp. nov. in having the mandible weakly convex outwardly and basal wing cells densely setose; separated by having the clypeus evenly curved in profile and legs all yellow. The head is also slightly convex dorsally and ventrally, not narrowing anteriorly in lateral view as is typical in this group.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D505FE94FDA0AA8CFEFA2846.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ saetosus ’, ‘ bristly’, + ‘ penna ’, ‘ wing’, referring to the very dense setation of the basal wing cells.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D505FE94FDA0AA8CFEFA2846.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; near Pomona; 27 Oct. 1965; E. M. Exley leg.; Tristania suaveolens; QM T 262172.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D505FE94FDA0AA8CFEFA2846.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad to moderately narrow, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture evenly coriaceous. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a sparse apical row of setae and a few additional erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna bright yellow. Mandible black. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.03 mm; LM 1.07 mm; WH / LH 0.95; DH / LH 0.43; EV / HE 0.72; EV / WF 0.63; WF / HE 1.13; WH / WF 1.74; OOL / WOT 1.63; DM / LM 0.28; FL / FW 2.07; HFL / HFW 2.16; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.57.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D505FE94FDA0AA8CFEFA2846.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D505FE94FDA0AA8CFEFA2846.taxon	discussion	Remarks Based on the more parallel-sided head this species may be more closely related to the megacephala group.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D507FE92FD74AA08FC1C299F.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 93 D 0 D 8 FE- 17 F 7 - 4 F 07 - BFBF- 639 B 21948211 Figs 159, 176	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D507FE92FD74AA08FC1C299F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head moderately broad and more or less flat dorsally and ventrally, unusual in having the clypeus very short and completely flat, without a trace of a carina. Closest to S. stipulata sp. nov., separated by the lack of a clypeal carina, nearly glabrous basal wing cells, and much smaller size.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D507FE92FD74AA08FC1C299F.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ silus ’, ‘ snub-nosed’, referring to the short, blunt clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D507FE92FD74AA08FC1C299F.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Brookfield Conservation Park; 34 ° 19 ′ S, 139 ° 30 ′ E; 2 Dec. 1991 – 2 Jan. 1992; J. Stelman and S. Williams leg.; Malaise # 1 mallee with Triodia; ANIC 32 - 154878. Paratype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • 1 ♀; Vivionne Bay, Kangaroo Is.; 1926; Mus. Exp. 2; SAMA 32 - 42936.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D507FE92FD74AA08FC1C299F.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded or truncate; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally; in profile very short, nearly straight. Mandible broad, not narrowed from base, ventral margin nearly straight; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view strongly elbowed. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with very faint microreticulation over posterior terga. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.33 mm; LM 0.66 mm; WH / LH 0.86; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 1.03; EV / WF 0.86; WF / HE 1.20; WH / WF 1.72; OOL / WOT 2.00; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.38; HFL / HFW 2.33; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 1.88.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D507FE92FD74AA08FC1C299F.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known from two collections.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D507FE92FD74AA08FC1C299F.taxon	discussion	Remarks The relationships of this species are unknown; it is probably more closely related to S. limitata sp. nov. than the megacephala group, but the flat clypeus is unusual for either.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D501FE90FD5CAA40FC032F12.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 06698 D 9 D- 0070 - 4182 - AD 6 B- 9 BA 19 DFE 849 D Figs 177, 179	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D501FE90FD5CAA40FC032F12.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis The unusual sinuate mandible (bent mesally near the base to form an outward concavity, apical half convex and swollen immediately) distinguish this species together with its sister species S. corynognatha sp. nov. Distinguished from the latter by the absence of modified sculpture on the frons, head dorsally not so strongly convex, lateral ocelli distinctly separate from the vertex crest, coxae and femora dark brown to black, and in the head dimensions.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D501FE90FD5CAA40FC032F12.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ sinuo ’, ‘ bending’, referring to the mandibles.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D501FE90FD5CAA40FC032F12.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; 12 [km?] NW of Adaminaby; 8 Nov. 1961; E. F. Riek leg.; ANIC 32 - 154879. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; The Creel, Kosciusko; 8 Nov. 1961; E. F. Riek leg.; ANIC. – Tasmania • 1 ♀; Cardigan River, 23 km E by S of Queenstown; 42 ° 07 ′ S, 145 ° 50 ′ E; 10 Dec. 1981; I. D. Naumann leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; 5 km NW of Mt Mueller; 42 ° 46 ′ S, 146 ° 25 ′ E; 11 Dec. 1981; I. D. Naumann leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; 6 km W of Miena; 41 ° 59 ′ S, 146 ° 39 ′ E; 20 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; 9 km WSW of Derwent Bridge; 42 ° 10 ′ S, 146 ° 08 ′ E; 21 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; 18 km SW by W of Derwent Bridge; 42 ° 13 ′ S, 146 ° 02 ′ E; 22 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; Franklin River; 42 ° 13 ′ S, 146 ° 01 ′ E; 22 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; 7 km W by S of Buckland; 42 ° 38 ′ S, 147 ° 38 ′ E; 27 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D501FE90FD5CAA40FC032F12.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex weakly pointed; dorsally with a sharp carina, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; bent inwards and conspicuously concave externally just past base, apical half outwardly convex and slightly swollen, outwardly coriaceous in median concavity, polished at base, apex somewhat shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view sinuate. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, cell R somewhat densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.49 mm; LM 1.19 mm (0.88 – 1.19); WH / LH 0.93 (0.86 – 0.93); DH / LH 0.60 (0.57 – 0.61); EV / HE 0.64 (0.64 – 0.79); EV / WF 0.57 (0.57 – 0.69); WF / HE 1.13 (1.05 – 1.19); WH / WF 1.70 (1.67 – 1.76); OOL / WOT 1.53 (1.43 – 1.63); DM / LM 0.44; FL / FW 2.30 (2.20 – 2.41); HFL / HFW 2.32 (2.32 – 2.52); A 3 L / W 1.34 (1.14 – 1.34); 2 R 1 L / W 2.21. N = 9.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D501FE90FD5CAA40FC032F12.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania and New South Wales; presumably occurring in Victoria and Australian Capital Territory as well. Known from a number of locations, mostly at higher elevations.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D503FEAFFD59ADDCFD362911.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4870 D 880 - EEC 2 - 46 A 6 - 9 C 28 - 4 DB 226520 D 80 Figs 178 – 179	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D503FEAFFD59ADDCFD362911.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the ficicola species group, with the head flat dorsally, moderately narrow and compressed, and frons narrow. Closest to S. marginalis sp. nov. in having nearly glabrous basal wing cells; separated by having the head slightly narrower and deeper (WH / LH 0.74, DH / LH 0.46 vs 0.70 and 0.52 respectively), clypeus evenly sloping in profile, mandible slightly twisted, and lateral ocelli distinctly separated from the vertex crest. The antennae are also long, reaching the posterior pronotal margin, whereas all other members have short antenna.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D503FEAFFD59ADDCFD362911.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the holotype being the only specimen of its species taken in an area where S. pelion is abundant.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D503FEAFFD59ADDCFD362911.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Pelion Hut, 3 km S of Mt Oakleigh; 41 ° 50 ′ S, 146 ° 03 ′ E; 5 – 9 Apr. 1991; J. A. Berry leg.; ANIC 32 - 154880. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; Colinsvale, near Hobart; 8 Oct. 1989; U. F. Eastop [?] leg.; sweeping rushes; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D503FEAFFD59ADDCFD362911.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view almost evenly sloping, weakly curved. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose to nearly glabrous. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.55 mm; LM 0.78 mm; WH / LH 0.74; DH / LH 0.46; EV / HE 1.07; EV / WF 0.91; WF / HE 1.10; WH / WF 1.71; OOL / WOT 2.21; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.36; HFL / HFW 2.69; A 3 L / W 1.43; 2 R 1 L / W 2.81.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D503FEAFFD59ADDCFD362911.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from two specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53CFEADFDACABDDFD51291C.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1803760 E- 5269 - 4362 - 8293 - 8 E 8 BCF 88 A 047 Figs 26, 180	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53CFEADFDACABDDFD51291C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the compressa group, characterized by the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, and basal wing cells sparsely setose; belonging to the subgroup with the ocellar triangle weakly acute to obtuse and head shorter posterior to the eyes. Closest to S. furtiva sp. nov. in having the mandible strongly convex outwardly and basal wing cells sparsely setose; separated by the obtuse ocellar triangle with the lateral ocelli touching the vertex crest, smoother frons microsculpture, and posterior margin of cell 1 M distinctly convex with the distal corner rounded.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53CFEADFDACABDDFD51291C.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ specularis ’, ‘ mirror’, referring to the near-identity of this species to S. amputator sp. nov. from the opposite side of the continent.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53CFEADFDACABDDFD51291C.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Northern Territory • ♀; Acacia; 25 Aug. 2012; L. J. Cookson leg.; MVMA HYM- 86592.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53CFEADFDACABDDFD51291C.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles, or with a sharp carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute or rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture evenly, weakly microreticulate. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc slightly concave. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dull yellow. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose or with intermediate setation. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.60 mm; LM 0.93 mm; WH / LH 0.84; DH / LH 0.37; EV / HE 0.80; EV / WF 0.70; WF / HE 1.14; WH / WF 1.70; OOL / WOT 1.39; DM / LM 0.26; FL / FW 1.75; HFL / HFW 1.63; A 3 L / W 0.63; 2 R 1 L / W 3.12.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53CFEADFDACABDDFD51291C.taxon	distribution	Distribution Northern Territory; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53CFEADFDACABDDFD51291C.taxon	discussion	Remarks The type locality is highly uncertain; “ Acacia ” appears to refer to a locality rather than the plant but no locality by that name alone can be found.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53EFEABFDB1ABC6FCED2999.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 895 A 79 FF- 5 A 45 - 499 A-BFB 2 - E 1 AE 5 DEAE 612 Figs 181, 183	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53EFEABFDB1ABC6FCED2999.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis This is a very distinctive species, with an unusual broad, truncate, dorsally flat, moderate-length clypeus combined with a very narrow, somewhat flat head. This combination alone will separate it from all others. The propodeum is also unique in being elongate and narrow, over 0.4 × the length of the entire mesosoma, with a distinct transverse carina and the disc slightly longer than the basal width (much narrower than the width at the transverse carina). Typically the propodeum is about a third of the mesosoma length; in the few species where it is longer, it is much wider than the length to the declivity, and the transverse carina is usually absent. The profemur is also among the most narrow in the genus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53EFEABFDB1ABC6FCED2999.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ sphen ’, ‘ wedge’, + ‘ kephalon ’, ‘ head’, referring to the shape of the clypeus and head and its probable function.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53EFEABFDB1ABC6FCED2999.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • ♀; Warrumbungles National Park, via Coonabarabran; 17 Dec. 1974; I. Naumann leg.; sweeping grass by creek; dry sclerophyll forest; QM T 262173. Paratype AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53EFEABFDB1ABC6FCED2999.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process short, broad, transverse, rounded laterally, apex truncate; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally; in profile evenly sloping, dorsal margin nearly straight or slightly concave. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; slightly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 2 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons punctation obscured by microsculpture. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture minutely colliculate between eyes, coriaceous posteriorly. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly to weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex, with a broad area of colliculate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae short, inconspicuous. Propodeum elongate, longer than wide and nearly as long as remainder of mesosoma. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and apex brown, middle flagellomeres brown dorsally and orange ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M elongate triangular, posterodistal corner extended into a point. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.77 mm; LM 1.07 mm; WH / LH 0.75; DH / LH 0.47; EV / HE 0.68; EV / WF 0.62; WF / HE 1.11; WH / WF 1.54; OOL / WOT 1.55; DM / LM 0.30; FL / FW 2.60; HFL / HFW 2.78; A 3 L / W 1.43; 2 R 1 L / W 3.60.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D53EFEABFDB1ABC6FCED2999.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales; known only from one collection.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D538FEA9FD51AA45FDCF28D0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 847 C 4523 - EEB 1 - 42 E 9 - AD 10 - 0246918372 A 3 Figs 182 – 183	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D538FEA9FD51AA45FDCF28D0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the species cluster with the clypeus evenly convex dorsally without any carina or ridge, frons shining with smooth reticulation, and head broad. Separated from S. mucronervis sp. nov. and other similar species by having the head not quite as wide as long, mandible black, and cell R of the fore wing with a distinct distal cluster of setae.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D538FEA9FD51AA45FDCF28D0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ splendidus ’, ‘ lustrous’ or ‘ glorious’, referring to both the polished head and the type locality.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D538FEA9FD51AA45FDCF28D0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Mt Glorious; 22 Jun. – 18 Oct. 1982; A. Hiller leg.; Malaise trap, “ R. F. ”; QM T 262174. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Hurdle Gully, 14.8 km WSW of Monto; 24 ° 55 ′ S, 150 ° 59 ′ E; elev. 460 m; 20 Dec. 1997 – 26 Apr. 1998; G. Monteith leg.; open forest pitfall trap; QM. – Victoria • 1 ♀; Barbara Baehr’s pitfall 8 Ned’s Corner Bush Blitz; 34 ° 07 ′ 28 ″ S, 141 ° 17 ′ 50.1 ″ E; 23 – 29 Nov. 2011; B. Baehr leg.; BBNC 716, pitfall trap; MVMA HYM- 61042.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D538FEA9FD51AA45FDCF28D0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin narrowly carinate posterior of ocelli, becoming broadly rounded laterally. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible concave in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture mostly even, small area of colliculate sculpture along ventral eye margin. Postgenal depression deep, distinct, broad. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 4 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, those on S 6 twice as long as others. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing mostly glabrous, cell R densely setose apically. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.70 mm; LM 0.92 mm (0.92 – 0.98); WH / LH 0.95 (0.94 – 0.97); DH / LH 0.53 (0.51 – 0.53); EV / HE 0.44 (0.43 – 0.44); EV / WF 0.42 (0.42 – 0.43); WF / HE 1.05 (1.02 – 1.05); WH / WF 1.73 (1.73 – 1.81); OOL / WOT 1.09 (1.02 – 1.09); DM / LM 0.37; FL / FW 1.89 (1.78 – 1.89); HFL / HFW 2.33 (2.25 – 2.33); A 3 L / W 1.18 (1.18 – 1.30); 2 R 1 L / W 2.69. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D538FEA9FD51AA45FDCF28D0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland and Victoria; known from three specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D538FEA9FD51AA45FDCF28D0.taxon	discussion	Remarks The Victoria specimen was collected far away from and in much drier habitat than the Queensland ones, but matches them in all respects.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D535FEA4FDA1A85DFDAA2ACB.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: BA 6 B 7 DF 5 - 0 A 22 - 4799 - 9 D 59 - 99648838 C 5 F 2 Figs 179, 184	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D535FEA4FDA1A85DFDAA2ACB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Unique in the Australian fauna in having the mandible very narrow and slightly bent ventrad near the middle. The mandible is orange-brown, clypeus convex dorsally with no trace of a carina, and vertex and gena setae elongate and conspicuous. Closest to some Hawaii species such as S. kumumu Magnacca, 2020 of Oahu, differing in the form of the clypeus and other respects.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D535FEA4FDA1A85DFDAA2ACB.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ steno ’, ‘ narrow’, + ‘ gnathos ’, ‘ jaw’, referring to the unusually thin mandibles. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D535FEA4FDA1A85DFDAA2ACB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 1 km SSE of Gladstone; 40 ° 58 ′ S, 148 ° 01 ′ E; 29 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154881. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Canberra, CSIRO, behind CSIRO; 35.275 ° S, 149.1109 ° E; elev. 590 m; 2 Apr. 2011; P. Hebert, R. Labbee, V. Levesque-Beaudin, J. McCormick, J. Sones and J. Webb leg.; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 8851 - 20, BIN AED 4305; ANIC. – Tasmania • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D535FEA4FDA1A85DFDAA2ACB.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular, apex rounded; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible very narrow, including at base; slightly bent ventrad near middle, outwardly polished, smooth, shining; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with small, indistinct teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture shining and faintly reticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible reddish brown to orange. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing with intermediate setation, or densely setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.36 mm; LM 0.73 mm (0.73 – 0.80); WH / LH 0.86 (0.86 – 0.88); DH / LH 0.50 (0.50 – 0.54); EV / HE 0.53 (0.45 – 0.53); EV / WF 0.53 (0.44 – 0.54); WF / HE 1.00 (0.94 – 1.03); WH / WF 1.78 (1.76 – 1.88); OOL / WOT 1.00 (1.00 – 1.05); DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 2.05 (1.91 – 2.05); HFL / HFW 2.00 (1.96 – 2.22); A 3 L / W 1.15 (1.00 – 1.25); 2 R 1 L / W 2.94. N = 4.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D535FEA4FDA1A85DFDAA2ACB.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania and Australian Capital Territory; known from two collections.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D535FEA4FDA1A85DFDAA2ACB.taxon	discussion	Remarks The Canberra specimen differs in having the vertex setae elongate but not as conspicuous, occipital margin broadly rounded, ocellar triangle more strongly obtuse, basal wing cells slightly more densely setose, and eye setae short. It may represent a distinct cryptic species, but these differences do not seem sufficient to separate it at this time.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D537FEA2FD54A8B7FC6F2A21.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 E 5 A 8 A 33 - 163 C- 417 A-AFB 8 - 62 B 5 BDFCCB 3 F Figs 179, 185	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D537FEA2FD54A8B7FC6F2A21.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A unique species, immediately recognizable by the deep, close, even punctures of the lower frons, abruptly changing to normal, sparser punctation posterior of the middle of the eye. The head is also very densely setose ventrally, with longer setae posteriorly.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D537FEA2FD54A8B7FC6F2A21.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ stichtos ’, ‘ punctured’, + ‘ ops ’, ‘ face’, referring to the unusual deep, dense punctures of the lower frons. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D537FEA2FD54A8B7FC6F2A21.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 10 km ENE of Nunamara; 41 ° 22 ′ S, 147 ° 24 ′ E; 12 Jan. – 6 Feb. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154882. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D537FEA2FD54A8B7FC6F2A21.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally with a sharp or rounded carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining near apex, remainder coriaceous; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 3 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head very short on anterior half, longer than flagellar width posterior of middle of inner eye margin. Frons with dense, deep punctures between antennae and midpoint of eyes, less than 1 pit width apart, abruptly sparser posteriorly, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view slightly sinuate around ocellar triangle; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, convex around ocellar triangle, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, covered with dense pubescence, with longer setae along posterior margin. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head, ventrally densely punctate. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Legs all brown. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.57 mm; LM 0.79 mm; WH / LH 0.92; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.52; EV / WF 0.52; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.79; OOL / WOT 0.88; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.36; A 3 L / W 1.25; 2 R 1 L / W 2.71.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D537FEA2FD54A8B7FC6F2A21.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from two specimens collected together.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D531FEA0FDABA82DFD732A22.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: F 5 DC 72 E 6 - A 430 - 42 D 8 - A 87 D- 23 FC 28 C 2 C 40 C Figs 179, 186	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D531FEA0FDABA82DFD732A22.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Distinguished from most other species by having the head both broad and deep, strongly convex dorsally and ventrally. Closest to S. elasson sp. nov., united in having the frons coriaceous, head not quite as wide as long, moderately broad metafemur, and gena with a distinctive smooth polished area between the eye and a band of coarsely tesselate ventral sculpture. Differing in having the vertex crest slightly but distinctly emarginate between the ocelli, head ventrally evenly convex, and lacking a median carina or anterior raised triangular area on the propodeum.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D531FEA0FDABA82DFD732A22.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ stilbo ’, ‘ shine’, + ‘ pareion ’, ‘ cheek’, referring to the highly polished gena. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D531FEA0FDABA82DFD732A22.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Macedon State Forest; 37.4035 ° S, 144.5725 ° E; 14 Dec. 2019; K. Magnacca leg.; sweeping Acacia; ANIC 32 - 154883.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D531FEA0FDABA82DFD732A22.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view shallowly emarginate between ocelli, otherwise straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture smooth and polished posterolaterally, finely microreticulate ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum evenly pilose, with dense short erect setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae yellow tinged with brown, tarsi and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.08 mm; LM 1.08 mm; WH / LH 0.92; DH / LH 0.60; EV / HE 0.43; EV / WF 0.48; WF / HE 0.89; WH / WF 1.98; OOL / WOT 0.93; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.07; HFL / HFW 2.36; A 3 L / W 1.43; 2 R 1 L / W 2.57.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D531FEA0FDABA82DFD732A22.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D531FEA0FDABA82DFD732A22.taxon	discussion	Remarks See Remarks under S. elasson sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D533FEA1FD57A82DFD5A28C2.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DB 7 F 8649 - D 7 E 8 - 4 FAD- 900 E- 04760680 E 123 Figs 179, 187	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D533FEA1FD57A82DFD5A28C2.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the megacephala group, with the head large and flat dorsally and ventrally, frons very broad, clypeus short with a low carina, and ocelli well removed from the vertex crest. Closely related to S. leeuwinensis and S. stipulata sp. nov. with the femora dark, head posterior of the eyes convex, and ocelli separated from the vertex by 2 – 3 ocellus lengths. Separated from all other similar species by the short, dense ventral setae of the head. The sympatric S. disjuncta sp. nov. is similar but lacks the ventral head setae and has the ocelli close to the vertex.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D533FEA1FD57A82DFD5A28C2.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ stipula ’, ‘ stubble’, referring to the short, dense ventral setae of the head.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D533FEA1FD57A82DFD5A28C2.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 9 km WSW of Derwent Bridge; 42 ° 10 ′ S, 146 ° 08 ′ E; 21 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154884.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D533FEA1FD57A82DFD5A28C2.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded to truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; slightly twisted, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, completely covered with short, dense setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.37 mm; LM 1.13 mm; WH / LH 0.79; DH / LH 0.49; EV / HE 1.34; EV / WF 0.95; WF / HE 1.41; WH / WF 1.60; OOL / WOT 2.06; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.43; HFL / HFW 2.48; A 3 L / W 0.93; 2 R 1 L / W 2.43.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D533FEA1FD57A82DFD5A28C2.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52DFEBCFD5DA85DFEDF2A04.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 27 B 3 FCCF- 8 C 21 - 4697 - 94 B 6 - 3 A 59 BEA 4 D 9 B 3 Figs 179, 188	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52DFEBCFD5DA85DFEDF2A04.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Forming a distinctive species pair with S. ancognatha sp. nov., sharing the strongly convex dorsum of the head, strongly elbowed mandible with a large ventral tooth, strongly acute clypeus in profile, and nearly glabrous basal wing cells. Separated by the nearly parallel-sided mandible which is only slightly twisted, head slightly angulate ventrally rather than evenly convex, and unusual frons microsculpture, scutellate with large cells anteriorly and minutely scutellate posteriorly, obscuring the punctation.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52DFEBCFD5DA85DFEDF2A04.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ strigula ’, ‘ small ridge’, referring to the low carina of the clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52DFEBCFD5DA85DFEDF2A04.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 1 km SSE of Gladstone; 40 ° 58 ′ S, 148 ° 01 ′ E; 29 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154885. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Wombat Creek, 6 km NE of Piccadilly Circus; 35 ° 19 ′ S, 148 ° 51 ′ E; elev. 750 m; May 1984; Weir, Lawrence and Johnson leg.; flight intercept window / trough trap; ANIC. – Tasmania • 1 ♀; 1 km E by N of Herrick; 41 ° 06 ′ S, 147 ° 53 ′ E; 29 – 30 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52DFEBCFD5DA85DFEDF2A04.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular, apex rounded; dorsally flat, with a trace of a low carina; in profile elongate, evenly curved, apex acute. Mandible narrow, slightly broadened at base and apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons appearing impunctate (setae arising from shallow pits that are only visible at low angles). Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture smoothly scutellate anteriorly, becoming colliculate from posterior third of eyes. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle broadly rounded. Side of head posterior to eye flat, with a broad area of distinct tesselate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina faintly present; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.49 mm; LM 0.83 mm (0.82 – 0.86); WH / LH 0.82 (0.81 – 0.83); DH / LH 0.57 (0.55 – 0.57); EV / HE 0.51 (0.48 – 0.51); EV / WF 0.57 (0.54 – 0.60); WF / HE 0.89 (0.83 – 0.89); WH / WF 1.84 (1.84 – 1.87); OOL / WOT 1.32 (1.32 – 1.49); DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.88 (1.88 – 1.96); HFL / HFW 2.53 (2.43 – 2.58); A 3 L / W 1.30 (1.30 – 1.40); 2 R 1 L / W 2.73. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52DFEBCFD5DA85DFEDF2A04.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania and Australian Capital Territory; probably also found in New South Wales and Victoria. Known from three specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52DFEBCFD5DA85DFEDF2A04.taxon	discussion	Remarks The ACT specimen has OOL / WOT distinctly greater than the two from Tasmania, but is otherwise identical.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52FFEBAFDBDA8CEFD392DBB.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 7 CBCEB 1 - 0 CE 4 - 427 B- 9 D 31 - F 2 CBF 2694 B 28 Figs 189 – 190	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52FFEBAFDBDA8CEFD392DBB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. United with S. confecta sp. nov., S. contracta sp. nov., S. parallela sp. nov., S. paracontracta sp. nov., and S. pericontracta sp. nov. in having the scrobal carinae converging but not fused, clypeus dorsally a flat-topped ridge, and vein Rs ending short of the anterior wing margin. Separated from the others by lacking any trace of a carina on the anterior frons which is slightly concave in lateral view, mandible yellowish apically, and fore wing with a transverse band of infuscation between the parastigma and apex of Rs.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52FFEBAFDBDA8CEFD392DBB.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the similarity of this species to S. contracta sp. nov.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52FFEBAFDBDA8CEFD392DBB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Hwy 1 Sarina – St Lawrence; 31 Aug. 1986; E. A. Sugden leg.; [car net?]; UCDC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52FFEBAFDBDA8CEFD392DBB.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process trapezoidal, apex truncate; dorsally with a narrow flat-topped ridge, becoming rounded toward apex; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with relatively regular, moderately close punctures, 1 – 2 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina faintly present; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 3 – 5 each with two pairs of long erect setae, S 6 with one pair much longer than others. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible apical third yellow, grading to black at base. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, protibia and tarsus and all trochanters yellow, meso- and metatibiae and tarsi brownish. WINGS. Membrane with a transverse band of faint infuscation between stigma and apex of Rs. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.85 mm; LM 1.03 mm; WH / LH 0.90; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.30; EV / WF 0.37; WF / HE 0.80; WH / WF 1.90; OOL / WOT 0.81; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 1.66; HFL / HFW 2.21; A 3 L / W 1.23; 2 R 1 L / W 3.17.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52FFEBAFDBDA8CEFD392DBB.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected on the central coast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52FFEBAFDBDA8CEFD392DBB.taxon	discussion	Remarks The infuscate band of the wing is so far unique in the genus; all other species have the wing evenly colored. In the related S. pericontracta sp. nov. the wing is weakly infuscated and slightly darker in this region, but the contrast is not nearly as clear.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D529FEB8FDA7AFA4FC392D3A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 2 BDA 9 A 9 E- 9 ABF- 4 C 5 D-BB 0 A- 0 CADBB 32 B 6 FF Figs 183, 191	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D529FEB8FDA7AFA4FC392D3A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a complex of species with the head compressed and weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, frons broad, mandible pale and distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest. Distinguished from similar species by the extremely narrow profemur, the most extreme seen in the genus so far. The antenna is also elongate, A 3 L / W ≥ 1.5.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D529FEB8FDA7AFA4FC392D3A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ tenuis ’, ‘ thin’, + ‘ femur ’, ‘ thigh’, referring to the extremely narrow profemur, the proportionally narrowest known in the genus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D529FEB8FDA7AFA4FC392D3A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Acacia Ridge, Brisbane; Oct. 1976; E. C. Dahms leg.; Malaise trap; QM T 262175.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D529FEB8FDA7AFA4FC392D3A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur narrow, over 2.5 times as long as wide. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae (possibly with erect setae that are broken off on the unique holotype). Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible orange to yellow. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely or sparsely setosey. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.58 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 0.85; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 0.76; EV / WF 0.62; WF / HE 1.23; WH / WF 1.58; OOL / WOT 1.54; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.87; HFL / HFW 2.50; A 3 L / W 1.65; 2 R 1 L / W 2.73.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D529FEB8FDA7AFA4FC392D3A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52BFEB6FD58AF24FABB2E90.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 DBFF 943 - 1 E 72 - 423 B-A 503 - 78 FBE 29 BBFB 3 Figs 190, 192	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52BFEB6FD58AF24FABB2E90.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Among species with the head convex dorsally and basal wing cells setose, distinguished by the elongate vertex and gena setae, posterior corners of the head strongly rounded, and semicircular to semi-elliptical clypeus which is weakly carinate dorsally. Closest to S. stilboparia sp. nov., separated by the elongate vertex setae, slightly broader head, and propodeum with an anterior triangular polished area.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52BFEB6FD58AF24FABB2E90.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ ternarius ’, ‘ three’, referring to the three collectors listed for the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52BFEB6FD58AF24FABB2E90.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Kirrama Range, Douglas Creek Road; elev. 800 m; 15 Dec. 1986 – 11 Jan. 1987; Monteith, Thompson and Hamlet leg.; intercept trap; ANIC 32 - 154886. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Cairns dist.; A. M. Lea leg.; SAMA 32 - 42930.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52BFEB6FD58AF24FABB2E90.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a rounded carina; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae conspicuous, nearly twice as long as setae of frons and stronger, erect and directed anterior. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture smooth and polished posterolaterally, reticulate ventrally and along posterior eye margin. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae elongate, twice as long as flagellar width or more. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 3 distance from base to declivity; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing with intermediate setation, each with two complete rows and a few additional setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.09 mm; LM 1.07 mm; WH / LH 0.88; DH / LH 0.57; EV / HE 0.48; EV / WF 0.48; WF / HE 1.00; WH / WF 1.75; OOL / WOT 1.03; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 1.94; HFL / HFW 2.78; A 3 L / W 1.43; 2 R 1 L / W 3.08.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D52BFEB6FD58AF24FABB2E90.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype and one paratype, both collected in northern rainforest.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D525FEB4FDA7AF52FD5A2D74.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 DD 24760 - AD 0 B- 410 C- 8828 - 3064 B 52 CC 963 Figs 193, 195	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D525FEB4FDA7AF52FD5A2D74.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A somewhat nondescript species, identifiable by the combination of the head dorsally convex and compressed in lateral view (DH / LH ~ 0.48), frons not particularly broad, clypeus rounded and recurved apically, and basal wing cells sparsely setose. Closest to S. badiorostris sp. nov., differing in the setose basal wing cells, smooth frons microsculpture, long ventral setae on the metasomal sternites, and brown tinge of the mandible. Also similar to S. helena sp. nov., separated by the narrower, more parallel-sided head (WH / LH 0.79, OOL / WOT 1.39).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D525FEB4FDA7AF52FD5A2D74.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ terpsis ’, ‘ glad’, + ‘ lithos ’, ‘ stone’, a literal translation of the type locality. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D525FEB4FDA7AF52FD5A2D74.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; 1 km SSE of Gladstone; 40 ° 58 ′ S, 148 ° 01 ′ E; 29 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154887.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D525FEB4FDA7AF52FD5A2D74.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular to semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally weakly carinate, or with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture shining and faintly reticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with narrow band of tesselate-scutellate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, those on S 5 – 6 about twice as long as preceding. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black to reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.49 mm; LM 0.82 mm; WH / LH 0.79; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 0.66; EV / WF 0.68; WF / HE 0.97; WH / WF 1.79; OOL / WOT 1.39; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.14; HFL / HFW 2.20; A 3 L / W 1.09; 2 R 1 L / W 2.90.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D525FEB4FDA7AF52FD5A2D74.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D527FEB3FD55AF7EFBB42F57.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 5076 C 19 - B 12 A- 4 F 12 - A 8 F 6 - FA 349 BD 90 AAD Figs 194 – 195	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D527FEB3FD55AF7EFBB42F57.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A distinctive species, recognizable by the compact, boxy head, which is deep and about as wide as long (WH / LH 0.99 – 1.03, DH / LH 0.58 – 0.61), strongly convex dorsally in lateral view, and short and narrowed posterior of the eyes, thus appearing round in dorsal view. The basal wing cells are nearly glabrous.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D527FEB3FD55AF7EFBB42F57.taxon	etymology	Etymology Named for the collection of the Victoria specimen in a pitfall trap. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D527FEB3FD55AF7EFBB42F57.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Canberra, CSIRO property; 35.275 ° S, 149.1109 ° E; elev. 588 m; 24 – 31 Oct. 2011; P. Hebert leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 53039 - B 10, process ID MCCAA 4748 - 20, BIN ABX 1558; ANIC 32 - 154888. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 18 – 24 Oct. 2011; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 2662 - 12, BIN ABX 1558; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 31 Oct. – 7 Nov. 2011; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 482 - 12, BIN ABW 6837 [pseudogene]; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; 14 – 21 Nov. 2011; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 1452 - 12, BIN ABX 1558; ANIC. – Victoria • 1 ♀; Tidal River, above Botany Lab, Wilson’s Promontory Bioscan; 39 ° 03 ′ 55 ″ S, 146 ° 19 ′ 23 ″ E; 19 – 27 Oct. 2011; S. Hinkley, C. McPhee, P. Honan, M. Mackenzie and M. Patinathan leg.; pitfall trap, WPB 194; MVMA HYM- 86616.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D527FEB3FD55AF7EFBB42F57.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular to semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart, or appearing impunctate (setae arising from shallow pits that are only visible at low angles). Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate to coriaceous, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex, with a broad area of colliculate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, median area with a broad polished strip extending from base to declivity; transverse carina faintly present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.57 mm; LM 0.86 mm (0.86 – 0.95); WH / LH 0.99 (0.99 – 1.03); DH / LH 0.61 (0.58 – 0.62); EV / HE 0.36 (0.29 – 0.36); EV / WF 0.41 (0.30 – 0.41); WF / HE 0.89 (0.89 – 0.98); WH / WF 1.87 (1.81 – 1.90); OOL / WOT 0.77 (0.75 – 0.83); DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 1.90 (1.90 – 1.97); HFL / HFW 2.20 (2.20 – 2.45); A 3 L / W 1.52 (1.33 – 1.52); 2 R 1 L / W 2.40. N = 5.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D527FEB3FD55AF7EFBB42F57.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria and Australian Capital Territory; all except the Victoria specimen collected sequentially in the same Malaise trap.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D527FEB3FD55AF7EFBB42F57.taxon	discussion	Remarks One of the sequenced specimens from BOLD (sample id BIOUG 02164 - C 01, process id MCCAA 482 - 12) is widely divergent from not only the other S. terrestris sp. nov. sequences but other Sierola in several conserved regions. The amplified sequence is probably a pseudogene (numt).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D520FEB1FD8AAD1BFEB12E97.taxon	description	Figs 195 – 196	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D520FEB1FD8AAD1BFEB12E97.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis The extremely short head posterior of the eyes, head about as wide or wider than long, infuscate wings, and generally smooth microsculpture immediately separate this species from all others in the genus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D520FEB1FD8AAD1BFEB12E97.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype NEW ZEALAND – Auckland • ♀; Auckland, suburb of Glen Innes, Point England, St John’s; 15 Nov. 2014; S. Thorpe leg.; on Lophostemon confertus; NZAC. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♀; Canberra; 35.3314 ° S, 149.0582 ° E; 22 Sep. 2016; A. Wells leg.; in garden; ANIC. NEW ZEALAND – Auckland • 1 ♀; Auckland, St John’s, University of Auckland Tamaki campus; 26 Apr. 2016; S. Thorpe leg.; beating Arthropodium cirratum; BPBM. Other material examined AUSTRALIA – New South Wales • 1 ♀; Nadgee Reserve, Merrica Hut; 16 Jan. 1987; E. A. Sugden leg.; Malaise trap; UCDC • 1 ♀; Illawarra; H. Petersen leg.; NMNH. – Victoria • 1 ♀; Warrandyte; 31 Dec. 1993; L. J. Cookson leg.; MVMA HYM- 86594 • 1 ♀; Victoria; MVMA HYM- 86584.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D520FEB1FD8AAD1BFEB12E97.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex weakly pointed; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate or evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Sculpture smooth and polished posterolaterally, finely microreticulate ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression shallow, rounded. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina distinct posteriorly, with a median triangular polished area covering anterior 1 / 3; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a somewhat dense apical row of short setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible black to reddish brown. Coxae and femora dark brown to black, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters brownish orange. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose, or sparsely setose with cell R densely setose apically. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 2.68 mm; LM 1.52 mm (1.17 – 1.55); WH / LH 1.03 (0.98 – 1.03); DH / LH 0.61 (0.60 – 0.63); EV / HE 0.33 (0.30 – 0.36); EV / WF 0.35 (0.32 – 0.38); WF / HE 0.94 (0.93 – 0.97); WH / WF 1.90 (1.82 – 1.90); OOL / WOT 1.07 (1.03 – 1.11); DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 1.86 (1.83 – 1.90); HFL / HFW 1.90 (1.77 – 1.91); A 3 L / W 1.38 (1.13 – 1.38); 2 R 1 L / W 2.27. N = 6.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D520FEB1FD8AAD1BFEB12E97.taxon	distribution	Distribution New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, and Victoria; collected sparsely but widely across the southeast forest zone. Also found in New Zealand, where it is presumably introduced.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D520FEB1FD8AAD1BFEB12E97.taxon	discussion	Remarks The description here is largely repeated from Magnacca (2019), with slight modifications to take into account the range of variation and additional characters used in this work. The widespread, older collections in native vegetation appears to confirm the previous suspicion that it is a native Australian species that was introduced to New Zealand (Magnacca 2019). It is unusual in the genus in having the mesofemur distinctly broadened dorsoventrally and flattened like the pro- and metafemora, rather than cylindrical.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D522FE4FFDACAF5BFB2E2CBF.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 BE 5 BD 3 B-FB 0 A- 4 C 67 - 9491 - 8 ACE 56 F 8 A 3 D 1 Figs 183, 197	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D522FE4FFDACAF5BFB2E2CBF.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the kalarku species group, with the mandible strongly twisted and shiny, head more or less triangular in dorsal view, vertex slightly concave, frons microsculpture smooth, and clypeus without any trace of a carina. Immediately distinguishable from all other species by the shape of the vertex crest, which has a bulge around the ocelli making the margin sinuate in dorsal view.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D522FE4FFDACAF5BFB2E2CBF.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ torus ’, ‘ protuberance’ or ‘ bulge’, + ‘ vertex ’, referring to the peculiar swelling posterior of the ocelli. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D522FE4FFDACAF5BFB2E2CBF.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • ♀; Canberra, CSIRO, behind CSIRO; 35.275 ° S, 149.1109 ° E; elev. 590 m; 10 Apr. 2011; P. Hebert, R. Labbee, V. Levesque-Beaudin, J. McCormick, J. Sones and J. Webb leg.; BOLD: sample ID BIOUG 53911 - A 03, process ID MCCAA 8549 - 20, BIN ABX 1996; ANIC 32 - 154889. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Australian Capital Territory • 1 ♂; Canberra, CSIRO property; 35.275 ° S, 149.1109 ° E; elev. 588 m; 24 – 31 Oct. 2011; P. Hebert leg.; Malaise trap; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 4715 - 20, BIN ABX 1996; ANIC • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; 14 – 21 Nov. 2011; BOLD: process ID MCCAA 1598 - 12, BIN ABX 1996; ANIC. – Queensland • 1 ♂; Braemar State Forest via Kogan; 15 – 19 Oct. 1979; G. Monteith leg.; pyrethrum on Petalostigma; QM • 1 ♀; Braemar State Forest via Kogan; 27 ° 13 ′ S, 150 ° 50 ′ E; 18 Oct. 1979; G. Monteith leg.; QM Berlesate No. 218, open forest, sieved litter; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D522FE4FFDACAF5BFB2E2CBF.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex broadly rounded; dorsally flat, not carinate, slightly convex only laterally; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; strongly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with small, indistinct teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with sparse, scattered punctures, mostly 3 pit widths apart or more. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view broadly, shallowly concave, with a distinct protuberance between lateral ocelli; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right to weakly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible flat in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Genal angle present posteriorly, not prominent, head relatively flat. Side of head posterior to eye convex, with a broad area of colliculate microsculpture extending to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate, pronotal disc distinctly flattened. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent, with a distinct median triangular polished area extending about 1 / 2 distance from base to declivity; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally, T 4 – 6 punctate with moderately long setae. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Head and mesosoma black, metasoma brownish. Antenna with scape brown basally, otherwise nearly all yellow. Mandible dark basally, apical half orange. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight but not quite meeting anterior wing margin, poststigmal abscissa of R 1 indistinct. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.40 mm; LM 0.84 mm (0.84 – 0.98); WH / LH 0.90 (0.90 – 0.93); DH / LH 0.50 (0.49 – 0.51); EV / HE 0.49 (0.47 – 0.49); EV / WF 0.45; WF / HE 1.07 (1.04 – 1.07); WH / WF 1.70 (1.70 – 1.78); OOL / WOT 1.55 (1.46 – 1.55); DM / LM 0.33; FL / FW 2.13 (2.08 – 2.13); HFL / HFW 1.97 (1.97 – 2.13); A 3 L / W 1.00 (1.00 – 1.11); 2 R 1 L / W 3.25. N = 3. Male Similar to female with the following exceptions. Head. Clypeus in profile evenly curved. Vertex and gena setae longer than those of frons, but not strong or conspicuous. Mesosoma. Not strongly compressed. Metasoma. Sterna lacking long erect setae. Color. Profemur yellow apically; meso- and metatibiae brown medially. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.40 – 1.52 mm; LM 0.80 mm; WH / LH 1.03 – 1.06; DH / LH 0.53 – 0.56; EV / HE 0.43 – 0.48; EV / WF 0.38 – 0.43; WF / HE 1.11 – 1.13; WH / WF 1.78 – 1.83; OOL / WOT 1.33 – 1.38; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.35 – 2.39; HFL / HFW 2.32 – 2.63; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 2.50 – 2.73.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D522FE4FFDACAF5BFB2E2CBF.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland and Australian Capital Territory; presumably also found in New South Wales.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DFFE4DFD5EA85DFB762CFD.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 5 A 5652 E 1 - E 594 - 497 A- 9 FE 4 - DC 4 DE 3 E 2 DFBC Figs 183, 198	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DFFE4DFD5EA85DFB762CFD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a complex of species with the head compressed and weakly convex dorsally and ventrally, frons broad, mandible pale and distinctly concave ventrally, and lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest. Distinguished from similar species by the yellow mandible and prominent clypeus, broad in dorsal view and elongate in profile, the apex strongly acute.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DFFE4DFD5EA85DFB762CFD.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ torulus ’, ‘ small bulge’ or ‘ protuberance’, referring to the projection of Queensland where the type locality is, as well as the clypeus. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DFFE4DFD5EA85DFB762CFD.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Applethorpe; 19 Oct. – 13 Dec. 1982; B. F. Ingram leg.; Malaise trap; QM T 262176. Paratype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • 1 ♀; Upper Clayton Gully, near Cunningham’s Gap; elev. 400 – 600 m; 25 Apr. 1974; I. Naumann leg.; sweeping long grass, wet sclerophyll forest; QM.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DFFE4DFD5EA85DFB762CFD.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, distinctly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible slightly oblique, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view very slightly concave; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina faintly present; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible yellow. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.73 mm; LM 0.83 mm; WH / LH 0.85; DH / LH 0.53; EV / HE 0.86; EV / WF 0.67; WF / HE 1.28; WH / WF 1.61; OOL / WOT 1.74; DM / LM 0.39; FL / FW 2.47; HFL / HFW 2.44; A 3 L / W 1.30; 2 R 1 L / W 2.88.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DFFE4DFD5EA85DFB762CFD.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known from two specimens, collected close together in the southeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D9FE4BFDB4A85DFA8B2CC0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 0 B 9 E 2670 - 6 F 4 B- 4 ECB-A 155 - B 5692 CCBAE 46 Figs 199, 204	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D9FE4BFDB4A85DFA8B2CC0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A member of the compressa group, characterized by the head and mesosoma flattened, frons broad, and basal wing cells sparsely setose; belonging to the subgroup with the ocellar triangle weakly acute to obtuse and head shorter posterior to the eyes. Closest to S. setosipennis sp. nov. in having the mandible weakly convex outwardly and basal wing cells densely setose; separated by having the clypeus ventrally recurved in profile and coxae and femora brown.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D9FE4BFDB4A85DFA8B2CC0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ trachys ’, ‘ rough’, + ‘ kephalon ’, ‘ head’, referring to the coarse sculpture.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D9FE4BFDB4A85DFA8B2CC0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; 10 km W by S of Ravensthorpe; 33 ° 36 ′ S, 119 ° 55 ′ E; 22 Sep. 1981; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154890. Paratype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • 1 ♀; Brookfield Conservation Park; 34 ° 21 ′ S, 139 ° 26 ′ E; 30 Mar. – 3 Apr. 1992; A. Calder and W. Dressler leg.; campsite, pyrethrin knockdown, mallee; ANIC.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D9FE4BFDB4A85DFA8B2CC0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex broadly rounded; dorsally with a sharp carina or weakly carinate; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow punctures, dense near antennae, 2 – 3 pit widths apart posterior of midpoint of eyes. Vertex and gena setae distinctly longer than frons setae but only about as thick, not particularly conspicuous. Frons microsculpture dull, granular. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly obtuse. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through just posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterior of eye, ventrally with colliculate-coriaceous sculpture. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Strongly dorsoventrally compressed. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate, pronotal disc slightly concave. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally finely, weakly striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, protibia and tarsi yellow, meso- and metatibiae brown with yellow bands at bases and apices. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.74 mm; LM 0.92 mm; WH / LH 0.89; DH / LH 0.44; EV / HE 0.83; EV / WF 0.67; WF / HE 1.25; WH / WF 1.62; OOL / WOT 1.50; DM / LM 0.30; FL / FW 1.92; HFL / HFW 2.00; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.28.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D9FE4BFDB4A85DFA8B2CC0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western and Southern Australia; known from two widely separated collections, both in semi-arid habitat.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DBFE49FD53A85DFEEF2C05.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 9807 EC 5 B- 31 B 4 - 455 D-BEB 0 - C 29348980 EE 5 Figs 153, 200	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DBFE49FD53A85DFEEF2C05.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the ficicola species group with the head flat dorsally, moderately narrow and compressed, frons narrow, and antenna short. Separated from similar species by having the mandible slightly twisted, lateral ocelli separated from the vertex crest by more than an ocellus length, transverse propodeal carina present and distinct, and frons distinctly narrow, WH / HE ≤ 1.0.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DBFE49FD53A85DFEEF2C05.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ tractuosus ’, ‘ gluey’, referring to the holotype specimen originally having been embedded in glue and still having excess glue on remounting.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DBFE49FD53A85DFEEF2C05.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Perth; MVMA HYM- 86582.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DBFE49FD53A85DFEEF2C05.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile steep and short, evenly curved. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by more than their length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat posterior to middle of inner eye margin, head deepest on line well posterior of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with moderately dense pubescence. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna short, scarcely extending beyond head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae brown except at base and apex, trochanters and tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.77 mm; LM 0.85 mm; WH / LH 0.78; DH / LH 0.51; EV / HE 1.08; EV / WF 1.18; WF / HE 0.92; WH / WF 2.09; OOL / WOT 1.96; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.29; HFL / HFW 2.63; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.33.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DBFE49FD53A85DFEEF2C05.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the holotype, collected at Perth.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5DBFE49FD53A85DFEEF2C05.taxon	discussion	Remarks The specimen is heavily glued and the basal wing cells are unclear; they lack setae but appear to have sockets.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D5FE47FD5EA85DFC182CCB.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 407 FE 40 - 9 BBA- 4 D 86 - B 8 DD-BBF 0 B 53 C 5 B 6 E Figs 195, 201	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D5FE47FD5EA85DFC182CCB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a distinct complex of species with the head moderately deep and somewhat short posterior to the eyes (head deepest on a line through the eye in lateral view), clypeus evenly curved in profile, mandible reddish brown to orange, and basal wing cells densely setose. Closest to S. nesomeson sp. nov. and S. paraglutinata sp. nov., united by having the head only moderately convex ventrally; ocellar triangle relatively wide, OOL / WOT less than 1.40; and malar space short but distinct, about 1 / 4 as long as the mandible base. Differing from both by having a distinct transverse propodeal carina, shorter OOL / WOT (less than 1.00), and metafemur relatively broad (HFL / HFW ≤ 2.50).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D5FE47FD5EA85DFC182CCB.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ trinalis ’, ‘ three’ or ‘ triple’, referring to this being the third member of its closely-related complex to be described.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D5FE47FD5EA85DFC182CCB.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Victoria • ♀; Kiata; Oct. 1928; F. E. Wilson leg.; MVMA HYM- 86583.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D5FE47FD5EA85DFC182CCB.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular, apex rounded; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with second ventral tooth largest. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head narrowed posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view strongly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae brown, femora brown dorsally, legs otherwise yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose, or with intermediate setation, each with two complete rows and a few additional setae. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.43 mm; LM 0.75 mm; WH / LH 0.89; DH / LH 0.56; EV / HE 0.43; EV / WF 0.52; WF / HE 0.83; WH / WF 2.00; OOL / WOT 0.90; DM / LM 0.40; FL / FW 2.00; HFL / HFW 2.28; A 3 L / W 1.52; 2 R 1 L / W 2.64.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D5FE47FD5EA85DFC182CCB.taxon	distribution	Distribution Victoria; known only from the holotype, collected in the dry western region.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D5FE47FD5EA85DFC182CCB.taxon	discussion	Remarks This species may be separated from the very similar S. paraglutinata sp. nov. by ecology, as they were collected in different habitats (mountain rainforest versus dry plains).	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D7FE45FD41A85DFB7B2DA0.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: B 1 B 4617 A-BF 50 - 4998 - 8682 - AB 6700 B 838 DF Figs 190, 202	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D7FE45FD41A85DFB7B2DA0.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis The combination of yellow mandible and legs, clypeus short and semi-elliptical, head compressed and flat or weakly convex dorsally, and frons narrow (WH / HE ~ 1.1) will separate this species from all others. The mandible is also narrow and lateral ocelli nearly touching the vertex crest, which is unusual in similar species.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D7FE45FD41A85DFB7B2DA0.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ tropikos ’, ‘ turn’, referring to the type locality.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D7FE45FD41A85DFB7B2DA0.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; turnoff to Captain Billy Landing; 11 ° 41 ′ S, 142 ° 42 ′ E; 19 Jun. 1993; I. D. Naumann and P. Zborowski leg.; ANIC 32 - 154891.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D7FE45FD41A85DFB7B2DA0.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semi-elliptical, apex weakly pointed; dorsally with a low carina, distinctly visible only when viewed directly down towards mandibles; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible narrow, broadened at base and apex, ventral margin distinctly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view weakly curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture smooth and polished posterolaterally, finely microreticulate ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally shining, with weak microsculpture; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Highly polished, without a trace of microsculpture. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, tinged with brown dorsally. Mandible yellow. Legs all yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.27 mm; LM 0.64 mm; WH / LH 0.83; DH / LH 0.48; EV / HE 0.86; EV / WF 0.76; WF / HE 1.12; WH / WF 1.72; OOL / WOT 1.73; DM / LM 0.34; FL / FW 2.25; HFL / HFW 2.43; A 3 L / W 1.00; 2 R 1 L / W 2.94.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D7FE45FD41A85DFB7B2DA0.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected on the Cape York Peninsula.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D6FE40FD56AFA0FE502EB4.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: D 2 CC 4664 - 710 E- 4210 - AE 58 - 6 D 5 DDEDFADA 6 Figs 203 – 204	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D6FE40FD56AFA0FE502EB4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis United with S. gudang sp. nov. by the unusual clypeus, which is high and weakly carinate dorsally, abruptly truncate apically, with a distinct vertical surface visible in lateral view. Separated by having the mandible constricted near the base, gradually and evenly broadened toward the apex; basal cells of the fore wing nearly glabrous; and head long posterior of the eyes, EV / HE 0.80 – 1.05; and frons broad, WF / HE ~ 1.2.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D6FE40FD56AFA0FE502EB4.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the abruptly truncate clypeus.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D6FE40FD56AFA0FE502EB4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Brachina Creek; 31 ° 20 ′ S, 138 ° 33 ′ E; 9 Nov. 1987; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ANIC 32 - 154892. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Northern Territory • 1 ♀; 39 km E of Alice Springs; 23 ° 42 ′ S, 134 ° 15 ′ E; 5 Oct. 1978; J. C. Cardale leg.; ex alcohol collection; ANIC. – South Australia • 1 ♀; Eba; 17 May 1953; G. F. Gross leg.; E. S. I. 972; SAMA 32 - 42929 • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC • 1 ♀; 17 km E of Morgan; 34 ° 02 ′ S, 139 ° 52 ′ E; 12 Nov. 1987; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC. – Western Australia • 1 ♀; 21 km E by N of Yellowdine; 31 ° 17 ′ S, 119 ° 53 ′ E; 10 Oct. 1981; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 1 ♀; 40 km N of Geraldton; 28 ° 28 ′ S, 114 ° 38 ′ E; 3 Jan. 1995; R. B. and L. S. Kimsey leg.; ex Eucalyptus; UCDC 10302 • 1 ♀; 120 km N of Northampton; 27 ° 25 ′ S, 114 ° 40 ′ E; 9 Jan. 1995; R. B. and L. S. Kimsey leg.; UCDC 10904 • 1 ♀; 110 km NW of Williams; 32 ° 19 ′ S, 119 ° 13 ′ E; 15 Jan. 1995; L. S. and R. B. Kimsey leg.; UCDC 11503 • 1 ♀; 2 km N of Narrogin; 32 ° 56 ′ S, 117 ° 11 ′ E; 16 Jan. 1995; L. S. and R. B. Kimsey leg.; ex Eucalyptus; UCDC • 1 ♀; Dumbleyung Lake Nature Reserve; 33 ° 19 ′ S, 117 ° 38 ′ E; 12 Nov. 2002; J. Pinto leg.; UCRC 110039.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D6FE40FD56AFA0FE502EB4.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short trapezoidal, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex truncate; dorsally weakly carinate, abruptly cut off apically; in profile gently sloping dorsally, distally nearly vertical or slightly angled back. Mandible moderately broad, constricted just past articulation, gradually broadened towards apex; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space almost absent. Dorsal setae of head shorter than flagellar width. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli separated from vertex crest by about their own length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna very short, not extending beyond posterior margin of head. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina present laterally, obsolete medially; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna dark brown dorsally, yellowish brown ventrally. Mandible dark basally, apical half reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.51 mm; LM 0.75 mm (0.64 – 0.78); WH / LH 0.80 (0.79 – 0.83); DH / LH 0.50 (0.49 – 0.52); EV / HE 0.94 (0.91 – 1.00); EV / WF 0.77 (0.75 – 0.88); WF / HE 1.22 (1.10 – 1.26); WH / WF 1.72 (1.66 – 1.79); OOL / WOT 1.93 (1.69 – 2.00); DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.09 (1.94 – 2.16); HFL / HFW 2.17 (2.01 – 2.27); A 3 L / W 0.80 (0.80 – 0.92); 2 R 1 L / W 1.89. N = 11.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D6FE40FD56AFA0FE502EB4.taxon	distribution	Distribution Widespread in Western Australia and South Australia, with one record from Northern Territory near Alice Springs.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D6FE40FD56AFA0FE502EB4.taxon	discussion	Remarks Although still represented by less than a dozen specimens, this appears to be one of the only truly widespread species of Australian Sierola. It is found in dry and semi-desert areas throughout the western 2 / 3 of the continent.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D3FE5EFD5DACBEFBD32EB4.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 440 F 98 A 5 - 29 BD- 4 CD 4 - 9774 - C 561971 D 35 D 4 Figs 204 – 205	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D3FE5EFD5DACBEFBD32EB4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Belonging to the complex of species with the clypeus moderately large and quadrate, visibly parallel-sided beyond the antennae. Close to S. macrorhina sp. nov., sharing a low but distinct medial carina on the clypeus. Separated by having the clypeus truncate apically rather than broadly rounded, mandible reddish brown and strongly twisted, propodeum without polished areas, and head somewhat narrower.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D3FE5EFD5DACBEFBD32EB4.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the undivided clypeus and the obvious similarity to S. biloba sp. nov. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D3FE5EFD5DACBEFBD32EB4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – South Australia • ♀; Oraparinna Creek, Dingly Dell Camp, near water; 31 ° 21 ′ S, 138 ° 42 ′ E; 4 – 10 Nov. 1987; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; Malaise trap / ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154893.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D3FE5EFD5DACBEFBD32EB4.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process quadrate, apex truncate; dorsally with a distinct but narrow, sharp ridge raised slightly above the otherwise flat surface; in profile evenly sloping, nearly straight. Mandible moderately broad, slightly narrowed medially and broadened at apex, ventral margin weakly concave; slightly twisted, outwardly polished and shining distal of bend, coriaceous and dull basally; in ventral view obtusely elbowed. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture evident but smooth, shining. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle strongly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae moderate, about as long as 2 – 3 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through posterior margin of eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view weakly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, strongly laterally compressed, slightly arcuate in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 3 – 5 each with two pairs of long erect setae, S 6 with one pair much longer than others. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape and base of flagellum pale, becoming darker over apical half. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing sparsely setose, with one or two rows of setae in each cell. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.57 mm; LM 0.88 mm; WH / LH 0.70; DH / LH 0.45; EV / HE 0.75; EV / WF 0.79; WF / HE 0.94; WH / WF 1.88; OOL / WOT 1.61; DM / LM 0.35; FL / FW 2.27; HFL / HFW 2.24; A 3 L / W 1.40; 2 R 1 L / W 2.64.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D3FE5EFD5DACBEFBD32EB4.taxon	distribution	Distribution South Australia; known only from the holotype.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5D3FE5EFD5DACBEFBD32EB4.taxon	discussion	Remarks Similar and clearly closely related to S. biloba sp. nov., separated by the quadrate, undivided clypeus, transverse carina of propodeum absent, and polished metasoma. The mandibles are also not so distinctly bent near the base, instead being broadly angled at about half their length.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CDFE5CFD58ACBEFB252D66.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 04878 F 50 - AF 99 - 4631 - A 977 - 8 FEA 5 EDBA 916 Figs 195, 206	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CDFE5CFD58ACBEFB252D66.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a distinct complex of species with the head moderately deep and somewhat short posterior to the eyes (head deepest on a line through the eye in lateral view), clypeus evenly curved in profile, mandible reddish brown to orange, and basal wing cells densely setose. Closest to S. glutinata sp. nov. in lacking a distinct malar space and having the head strongly convex ventrally; distinguished by the broad frons, slightly deeper head, and ventral margin of the mandible strongly concave.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CDFE5CFD58ACBEFB252D66.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ ustulatus ’, ‘ singed’, referring to the brownish mandibles.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CDFE5CFD58ACBEFB252D66.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • ♀; Intake Bridge; 41 ° 19 ′ S, 147 ° 56 ′ E; 13 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154894. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Tasmania • 5 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; ANIC • 1 ♀; Elephant Pass; 41 ° 38 ′ S, 148 ° 13 ′ E; 28 Jan. 1983; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC • 7 ♀♀; King Is., Pegarah Nature Reserve; 39.9441 ° S, 143.9905 ° E; 18 Dec. 2023 – 13 Jan. 2024; S. J. Grove leg.; Malaise trap series 3; TMAG F 180567 to F 180573.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CDFE5CFD58ACBEFB252D66.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular, apex pointed; dorsally weakly carinate; in profile evenly curved from base to apex, apical angle slightly acute. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broader on apical half, ventral margin distinctly concave; apical half of mandible strongly convex outwardly, teeth arrayed on frontal and dorsal surfaces, outwardly polished and shining near apex, remainder coriaceous; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with teeth distinctly stronger ventrally. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with distinct, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate to coriaceous, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute. Head more or less parallel-sided for some distance posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head strongly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye with a line of tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest, distinctly different from smoother sculpting dorsally and ventrally. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression very shallow, nearly absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with faint microsculpture laterally. S 2 – 5 each with a single sparse apical row of setae. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, laterally with dense pilose setae. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna entirely dark brown except ventral side of basal flagellomeres yellowish. Mandible reddish brown. Coxae and femora brown, trochanters and tibiae tinged with brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.86 mm; LM 0.95 mm (0.80 – 1.08); WH / LH 0.86 (0.85 – 0.89); DH / LH 0.62 (0.60 – 0.62); EV / HE 0.68 (0.63 – 0.68); EV / WF 0.62 (0.59 – 0.63); WF / HE 1.09 (1.05 – 1.11); WH / WF 1.71 (1.68 – 1.75); OOL / WOT 1.43 (1.40 – 1.55); DM / LM 0.43; FL / FW 1.90 (1.89 – 2.04); HFL / HFW 2.48 (2.48 – 2.71); A 3 L / W 1.43 (1.33 – 1.57); 2 R 1 L / W 2.99. N = 7.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CDFE5CFD58ACBEFB252D66.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania; known from two series and one additional specimen collected in the northeast.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CFFE5AFDBBAF68FD7728B1.taxon	description	Figs 195, 207	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CFFE5AFDBBAF68FD7728B1.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of a complex of species with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between with a low carina, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. Closest to S. vibrissoides sp. nov. in having the long setae black, scrobes narrowing to a sharp carina on the anterior face of the clypeus, and vein Rs meeting the anterior wing margin. Distinguished by having the frons somewhat shining and finely reticulate with more open punctation, 2 – 3 pit widths apart, and basal wing cells moderately densely setose.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CFFE5AFDBBAF68FD7728B1.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype NEW ZEALAND – ♀; South Island, Bullivants I [sland], Māpua Estuary; Jun. – Dec. 1989; A. K. Walker leg.; Malaise trap in coastal scrub; NZAC 04037461. Other material examined AUSTRALIA – South Australia • 1 ♀; Arno Bay; elev. 20 m; 9 – 19 Jan. 2019; J. L. Holder leg.; MABJH 2, sand dune, small bowl shaped area, lots of flowering shrubs and some Eucalyptus and Acacia plants near by, tied to dead tree near thorn bush; SAMA. – Tasmania • 1 ♀; Geeveston, 141 Fourfoot Road; 6 Jan. 2018; M. M. Giannotta leg.; swept off Acacia melanoxylon, Eucalyptus nitens, and E. globulosus residential forest with bracken understory; SAMA.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CFFE5AFDBBAF68FD7728B1.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular (narrow, lateral lobes somewhat enlarged), apex rounded; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a sharp carina on anterior face; in profile steep, recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small (1 / 3 as long as mandible base in Tasmania specimen). Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, uneven punctures, 1 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena with two long, black, and bristle-like setae on each side. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly acute to right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head (weakly differentiated from ventral sculpture). Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally with granulate sculpture; median carina absent, but anteromedian portion of propodeum broadly elevated; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae present posteriorly, fading anteriorly. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of long erect black setae near posterior margin. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black (metasoma slightly brownish). Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, all tibiae and tarsi yellow-brown. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.24 mm; LM 0.75 mm (0.75 – 0.85); WH / LH 0.86 (0.86 – 0.89); DH / LH 0.54 (0.54 – 0.56); EV / HE 0.29 (0.29 – 0.33); EV / WF 0.35 (0.35 – 0.38); WF / HE 0.81 (0.81 – 0.85); WH / WF 1.88 (1.81 – 1.88); OOL / WOT 0.89 (0.89 – 1.06); DM / LM 0.38; FL / FW 2.00 (1.86 – 2.00); HFL / HFW 2.36 – 2.44; A 3 L / W 1.23 (1.18 – 1.30). N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CFFE5AFDBBAF68FD7728B1.taxon	distribution	Distribution Tasmania, South Australia, and New Zealand; known from one specimen each, but probably more widely distributed in southeastern Australia.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CFFE5AFDBBAF68FD7728B1.taxon	discussion	Remarks The description is based primarily on the holotype of S. vibrissata from New Zealand, but there are no significant differences from the two Australian specimens and I am unable to separate them. The only notable difference is that the specimen from Tasmania has a longer malar space, but the one from South Australia does not. It seems unlikely that the same species is so widely separated, especially considering the closely-related taxa found elsewhere in Australia, but as shown by S. thorpei it is possible. It may be an introduced species in New Zealand.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C8FE59FDA5A85DFCC82973.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 6 CF 4 A 8 F 9 - 7 EC 6 - 409 C-BB 68 - 4 B 40 B 2 B 1 C 8 CD Figs 204, 208	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C8FE59FDA5A85DFCC82973.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between with a low carina, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. Closest to S. vibrissata in having the long setae black, scrobes narrowing to a sharp carina on the anterior face of the clypeus, and vein Rs meeting the anterior wing margin. Distinguished by having the frons appearing dull due to scutellate microsculpture and with close punctation, about 1 pit width apart, and basal wing cells very densely setose, about five rows of setae in each.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C8FE59FDA5A85DFCC82973.taxon	etymology	Etymology Referring to the similarity of this species to S. vibrissata.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C8FE59FDA5A85DFCC82973.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; Mt Cooke; 23 Dec. 1990 – 13 Jan. 1991; M. Harvey and J. Waldock leg.; Malaise trap; SAMA. Paratypes AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • 1 ♀; Pilbara, Mt Nameless; 22 ° 43 ′ 10 ″ S, 117 ° 44 ′ 58 ″ E; 31 May 2004; G. Carter and D. Britton leg.; mixed scrub, sweep sample, PILB 147 / 03 SW; AM K 248031 • 1 ♀; Pilbara region, Nanutarra-Wittenoom Road, approx 13 km NE of Railway Road x-in, near fenceline; 22 ° 26 ′ 8.8 ″ S, 117 ° 49 ′ 56.2 ″ E; 22 – 27 Sep. 2005; CVA Volunteers leg.; LTM sites, Malaise trap, PILB 041 / 09 M; AM K 248056.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C8FE59FDA5A85DFCC82973.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process semicircular (narrow, lateral lobes somewhat enlarged), apex rounded; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a sharp carina on anterior face; in profile weakly sloping dorsally but strongly rounded and recurved at apex. Mandible narrow, more or less parallel-sided except at base; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space 1 / 4 as long as width of base of mandible. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons with shallow, close punctures, mostly about 1 pit width apart. Vertex and gena with two long, black, and bristle-like setae on each side. Frons microsculpture minutely scutellate, cellules shining but separated by conspicuous margins. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin not carinate but forming a pronounced ridge. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head weakly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye concave; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterolaterally, coriaceous ventrally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head (weakly differentiated from ventral sculpture). Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely rugulose; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur robust, about twice as long as wide and strongly convex dorsally, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, apical tergites laterally punctate and with faint microreticulation. S 3 – 5 each with a pair of long erect black setae near posterior margin. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna with scape dark brown basally, yellow to orange apically, flagellum brown dorsally and yellow ventrally. Mandible black. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane weakly infuscate. Basal cells of fore wing very densely setose, with five or more rows of setae in cell R. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.57 mm; LM 0.87 mm (0.78 – 0.87); WH / LH 0.86 (0.84 – 0.88); DH / LH 0.52 (0.52 – 0.53); EV / HE 0.30 (0.30 – 0.35); EV / WF 0.38 (0.38 – 0.39); WF / HE 0.78 (0.78 – 0.89); WH / WF 1.92 (1.72 – 1.92); OOL / WOT 0.93 (0.93 – 1.11); DM / LM 0.36; FL / FW 1.85 (1.78 – 1.85); HFL / HFW 2.27 (2.10 – 2.32); A 3 L / W 1.25 (1.11 – 1.25); 2 R 1 L / W 3.20. N = 3.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C8FE59FDA5A85DFCC82973.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from three specimens.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C8FE59FDA5A85DFCC82973.taxon	discussion	Remarks The Pilbara paratypes have the frons slightly broader and slightly coarser sculpture of the frons and metasoma (the latter with microreticulation extending onto the dorsal surface of tergites), but match the holotype in the close punctation and dense wing setae.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CAFE57FD4BAB7DFE0B2AE6.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: BD 621467 - D 1 F 6 - 444 C- 848 B-EAA 6 AF 1094 D 8 Figs 183, 209	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CAFE57FD4BAB7DFE0B2AE6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Part of the vibrissata group, with very long, thick, bristly setae on the vertex and gena, antennal scrobes dorsally carinate, broadly flat in between with a low carina, and eyes large, head short posteriorly. Close to S. vibrissata and S. vibrissoides sp. nov. in having scrobes narrowing to a sharp carina on the anterior face of the clypeus, and vein Rs meeting the anterior wing margin. Distinguished by having the long setae brown rather than black, and metasomal tergites conspicuously microreticulate.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CAFE57FD4BAB7DFE0B2AE6.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Latin ‘ vulsus ’, ‘ plucked’ or ‘ shorn’, referring to the loss of many of the long setae.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CAFE57FD4BAB7DFE0B2AE6.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Queensland • ♀; Acacia Ridge, Brisbane; Oct. 1976; E. C. Dahms leg.; Malaise trap; QM T 262177.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CAFE57FD4BAB7DFE0B2AE6.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process rounded triangular to semicircular, apex weakly pointed; flat with a low carina dorsally, narrowing to a sharp carina on anterior face; in profile gently sloping dorsally, distally nearly vertical or slightly angled back. Mandible moderately narrow, slightly narrowed medially from base, ventral margin weakly concave; not twisted, at most weakly convex outwardly, outwardly coriaceous, somewhat dull; in ventral view evenly, moderately curved. Apex of mandible vertical, with equally strong teeth. Malar space very small. Dorsal setae of head distinctly longer than flagellar width. Frons with distinct punctures, dense near antennae and eyes, 2 – 3 pit widths apart or more in central frons. Vertex and gena setae extremely long and conspicuous, nearly three times as long as setae of frons. Frons microsculpture finely microreticulate, surface weakly matte. Vertex in dorsal view more or less straight; occipital margin narrowly rounded. Lateral ocelli nearly touching vertex crest. Ocellar triangle anterior angle weakly to strongly obtuse. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view slightly convex, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head evenly convex ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye distinctly angulate, rounded carina with distinct tesselate microsculpture extending from posteroventral margin of eye to vertex crest. Gena ventral to eye flat; sculpture weakly microreticulate posterior of eye, ventrally with colliculate-coriaceous sculpture. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to posterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view evenly rounded. Pronotal setae longer than flagellar width. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina absent, brow of declivity broadly rounded; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur strongly broadened, less than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga, apical tergites punctate laterally. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of long erect setae, progressively longer on apical segments. Sixth sternum broadly glabrous medially, with sparse setae laterally. COLOR. Body entirely dark brown to black. Antenna brown on base of scape and apical flagellomeres, yellow medially. Mandible black. Coxae, trochanters, and femora dark brown, tibiae brown, tarsi yellow. WINGS. Membrane tinged with yellow. Basal cells of fore wing densely and conspicuously setose. Cell 1 M weakly convex posteriorly, corner posteroapical. Distal portion of vein Rs nearly straight, meeting anterior wing margin at right angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.89 mm; LM 0.95 mm; WH / LH 0.92; DH / LH 0.52; EV / HE 0.47; EV / WF 0.51; WF / HE 0.91; WH / WF 1.88; OOL / WOT 0.96; DM / LM 0.42; FL / FW 1.78; HFL / HFW 1.96; A 3 L / W 1.37; 2 R 1 L / W 2.27.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CAFE57FD4BAB7DFE0B2AE6.taxon	distribution	Distribution Queensland; known only from the holotype, collected in Brisbane.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5CAFE57FD4BAB7DFE0B2AE6.taxon	discussion	Remarks A number of the long setae of the head and metasoma on the unique holotype have clearly fallen off. The specimen is poorly mounted for visibility of some of the head characters, but has not been remounted in order to preserve the setae.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C4FE54FD52A8E9FB13281A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 4 F 5 EB 7 A 4 - F 080 - 41 C 3 - BDF 5 - 7 F 874 CDD 3 E 9 A Figs 204, 210	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C4FE54FD52A8E9FB13281A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis A very striking species, appearing very different from nearly all other Sierola. The anteriorly emarginate eye and very elongate mandible with only three distinct teeth (the basal one being reduced to a denticle on the median margin) and broadened dorsally rather than ventrally appear to be unique in the genus. However, in general appearance it is not very different from S. dichroma Perkins, 1910 of Oahu.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C4FE54FD52A8E9FB13281A.taxon	etymology	Etymology From the Greek ‘ xantho ’, ‘ yellow’, + ‘ ops ’, ‘ face’, referring to the bright yellow lower portion of the head. It is a noun in apposition.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C4FE54FD52A8E9FB13281A.taxon	materials_examined	Type material Holotype AUSTRALIA – Western Australia • ♀; 23 km ESE of Cocklebiddy; 32 ° 08 ′ S, 126 ° 18 ′ E; 12 Oct. 1981; I. D. Naumann and J. C. Cardale leg.; ex ethanol; ANIC 32 - 154895.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C4FE54FD52A8E9FB13281A.taxon	description	Description Female HEAD. Clypeal process very short, almost transverse, extending only slightly beyond lateral portion of clypeus, apex broadly rounded; dorsally rounded, convex, lacking a carina; in profile gently sloping dorsally, distally nearly vertical or slightly angled back. Mandible moderately narrow at base, distinctly broadened toward apex; slightly twisted, outwardly shining but with distinct, fine microsculpture; in ventral view straight or nearly so. Apex of mandible vertical, with three subapical teeth, dorsal tooth represented by a short, broad, subapical projection on the dorsal margin. Malar space absent, eye slightly emarginate to receive mandible articulation. Dorsal setae of head about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Frons moderately punctate, about 2 – 3 pit widths apart. Vertex and gena setae similar to and only slightly longer than setae of frons. Frons microsculpture coriaceous, matte but without strong surface texture. Vertex in dorsal view slightly convex, corners strongly rounded off; occipital margin broadly rounded. Lateral ocelli distinctly separate from vertex crest by less than ocellus length. Ocellar triangle anterior angle right. Head rounded shortly posterior to eyes. Eye setae short, only about as long as 1 – 2 ommatidia. Dorsum of head in lateral view nearly flat, head deepest on line through eye. Venter of head posterior to mandible convex in lateral view, with relatively sparse setae. Head nearly flat ventrally, genal angle absent. Side of head posterior to eye convex. Gena ventral to eye convex; sculpture coriaceous ventrally and posterolaterally, with broad band of tesselate-colliculate sculpture extending diagonally on each side from anterior margin of eye to posteroventral margin of head. Postgenal depression absent. Antenna extending to anterior margin of pronotum. MESOSOMA. Anterior margin of dorsal pronotal area in lateral view strongly angulate. Pronotal setae about as long as flagellar width or scarcely longer. Propodeal disc laterally coarsely striate; median carina absent; transverse carina distinct, complete; metapleural carinae complete. Profemur only moderately broadened, more than twice as long as wide, with both anterior and posterior surfaces convex, not strongly compressed, more or less straight in dorsal view. METASOMA. Shining, with smooth but distinct microreticulation over all terga. S 3 – 6 each with a pair of moderately long erect setae, only about twice as long as prostrate setae in apical band. Sixth sternum glabrous medially, with a mix of long and short setae laterally. COLOR. Head entirely yellow ventrally and dorsally anterior of middle of inner eye margin, body otherwise dark brown to black. Antenna yellow, apical flagellomeres tinged with brown. Mandible yellow. Coxae and femora brown, tibiae, tarsi, and trochanters yellow. WINGS. Membrane hyaline. Basal cells of fore wing nearly glabrous, with only a few scattered setae. Cell 1 M distinctly convex posteriorly, corner medioapical. Distal portion of vein Rs strongly curved, meeting anterior wing margin at oblique angle. MEASUREMENTS. LFW 1.83 mm; LM 0.92 mm; WH / LH 1.11; DH / LH 0.60; EV / HE 0.60; EV / WF 0.50; WF / HE 1.20; WH / WF 1.65; OOL / WOT 1.07; DM / LM 0.41; FL / FW 2.27; HFL / HFW 2.38; A 3 L / W 0.93; 2 R 1 L / W 1.44.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
03B687A0D5C4FE54FD52A8E9FB13281A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Western Australia; known only from the unique holotype, collected in the Nullarbor Plain.	en	Magnacca, Karl (2026): The Sierola (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) of Australia. European Journal of Taxonomy 1045: 1-416, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1045.3225, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3225/14297
