taxonID	type	description	language	source
03AB87B7141237144080FE2DFB5D87A7.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — GREECE. Dodecanese Islands, Rhodes, Kallithea, Faliraki, Anthony Quinn Bay, 36 º 19 ’ 13 ” N, 28 º 12 ’ 28 ” E (UTM: 35 SPA 084201), in crevices of calcareous maritime cliffs, 3 m a. s. l., 10 September 2011, Crespo & Pena-Martín s. n. (holotype ABH!)	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141237144080FE2DFB5D87A7.taxon	description	(Figs. 1, 2 A – F).	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141237144080FE2DFB5D87A7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Species insignis ad Limonium ammophilonem, “ L. spreitzenhoferi ” et “ L. grabusae ” [see discussion below for these latter two names] affinis sed eis pluribus characteribus bene distincta et facile distinguitur. A priore insuper differt caulibus parce aspero-tuberculatis; foliis angustioribus stricte hialino-marginatis; ramis magis delicatis; spicae multo longiores (ad 15 cm longis), spiculis glaberrimis, vulgo 1 – 3 - floribus, majoribus, remotissimis (plerumque ad 1 pro centimetro); calycibus majoribus (7 – 8 mm longis), glaberrimis, post anthesin profunde laceratis. A posterioribus duabus insuper multo discrepat foliis lineari-oblanceolatis, manifeste angustioribus et parce tuberculatis; ramis sterilibus magis numerosis, et bracteis interioribus spicularum longioribus. Ad Limonium subg. Limonium pertinent.	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141237144080FE2DFB5D87A7.taxon	description	Description: — Perennial plant, 15 – 40 cm tall, glabrous, with many or few stems, slightly rough, sparsely covered by whitish crateriform tubercles which are depressed in the central part. Caudicles 3 – 15 cm long, with many long branches, and densely leafy in the upper part. Uppermost leaves of the rosette green at the anthesis phase, lowermost ones brown-reddish and persistent after withering, weakly tuberculate, (8 –) 10 – 30 × 1 – 2.5 mm, mostly narrowly linear-oblanceolate, 1 - nerved, acute at the apex and shortly awned (awn up to 0.3 mm long), with margins usually entire (sometimes slightly crenate), and a narrow hyaline edge, shortly petiolated (petiole 1 – 2 mm wide, 1 / 2 – 3 / 4 as long as the blade). Lower cauline leaves scale-like, dark brown, 1 – 2.5 mm long, broadly triangular-acuminate. Stems (5 –) 10 – 35 cm long, erect, branched almost from the base; branches distichously arranged, erect-patent to subarched, rigid, with short secondary branchlets, those of the lower third sterile and shorter, up to 5 cm long. Inflorescence paniculate, not articulate, obtrullate to rhombic in shape, rarely subsecund. Spikes (3 –) 6 – 15 cm long, commonly secund. Spikelets 9 – 10 mm long, 1 – 3 (– 4) - flowered, remotely disposed less than 1 per cm (up to 2 per cm towards the apex). Outer bract 2 – 2.5 × 1 – 2 mm, broadly triangular-ovate, dark brown, acute, shortly acuminate in the middle part, with a broad membranous margin including the acumen. Middle bract 2 – 3 × 1 – 2 mm, oblong, hyaline-membranous. Inner bract 7 – 8 × 3 – 4 mm, elliptic-obovate, shortly acuminate in the middle part (acumen up to 0.2 mm long), with a broad margin (0.9 – 1.4 mm) including the acumen. Calyx 7 – 8 mm long, glabrous, exceeding inner bract about 2 – 3 mm; limb as long as the tube or slightly shorter, clearly lacerate soon after anthesis into curved lobes up to 3 mm long; teeth about 0.5 mm long, triangular, acute; tube ribs ending above the teeth base. Corolla infundibuliform, 3.5 – 4.5 mm in diameter. Petals 8.5 – 10.5 × 1.5 – 2 mm, cuneate, entire to shallowly emarginate at the apex, pale violet. Stigmata filiform, covered with wide and rounded papillae [type “ cob ” according to Baker (1948, 1953)]. Pollen grains very coarsely reticulate [type “ A ” according to Baker (1948, 1953)].	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141237144080FE2DFB5D87A7.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The epithet quinnii refers to the Anthony Quinn Bay, the type locality in Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean Sea).	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141237144080FE2DFB5D87A7.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution: — Limonium quinnii grows in crevices of high calcareous maritime cliffs, in which it usually occupies a first-line topographical position under very stressful conditions, because of the effect of both the abrasive wind and the spray of sea water. Flowering from July to September; fruiting from August to October. The species is only known from the sorroundings of Anthony Quinn Bay, near Faliraki in the northeastern coast of Rhodes Island, Greece, and it can be considered endemic (Fig. 3). Breeding system: — The analysis of pollen-stigma combinations demonstrated that L. quinnii is monomorphic. The only one found was ‘ type A’, a self-incompatible combination (e. g. Baker 1948, 1953; Erben 1978, 1979) with ‘ A’ pollen grains and ‘ cob’ stigmata. This breeding system together with an abundant seed-set in wild populations suggests that L. quinnii is most likely an apomictic species.	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141237144080FE2DFB5D87A7.taxon	discussion	Taxonomical notes: — On the basis of the morphological features, Limonium quinnii can be included in subgenus Limonium (sensu Lledó et al. 2005) and in particular in the L. palmare aggregate (sensu Greuter et al. 1989: 335 – 336). L. ammophilon (Papatsou & Phitos 1975: 203) Domina (2011 b: 131) can be considered a close relative (it was described from Giali island, which is also located in the Dodekanisos area). Nonetheless, important differences exist allowing easy segregation (Table 1). L. quinnii is more delicate in all its parts, with thinner branches; stems weakly rough, loosely covered with small tubercles; leaves narrower, linearoblanceolate, acute, up to 2.5 mm wide; spikes longer, up to 15 cm long, bearing spikelets glabrous, bigger, remotely disposed, mostly up to 1 per cm, usually with 1 – 3 flowers; inner bract with a broad hyaline margin; calyx larger, 7 – 8 mm long, glabrous, with the limb deeply lacerate soon after anthesis (Fig. 2). Limonium quinnii is also akin to two unpublished Aegean Limonium of which we found two specimens at B, both labelled by M. Erben in 2007, the first one as “ L. spreitzenhoferi Erben & Brullo ” based on a collection by G. C. Spreitzenhofer (Iter Jonicum IV num. 18: Kiklades, Kithira, Kapsali, 15 June 1880, B! num. 10 0294995) [first identified as Statice sieberi Boissier (1841): 530], the second one as “ L. grabusae Brullo & Erben ” based on a collection by K. H. Rechinger (num. 45792 Iter Graecum XVIII: Crete, Kissamos, Insula Gabrusa, 25 July 1973, B! num. 10 0295002) [first identified as L. pigadiense (Rechinger 1938: 147) Rechinger (1943 b: 427)]. Although all three entities share the very long and delicate spikes with remotely arranged glabrous spikelets, L. quinni shows diagnostic features that are not found in either of these two plants (Table 1), namely the stems with many sterile basal branches, the leaves weakly tuberculate, linear-lanceolate, narrower and acute, and the inner bract longer (Fig. 1 – 2). Relationships to other eastern Mediterranean taxa with laxly disposed spikelets, such as L. cedrorum Domina & Raimondo (2012: 1 - EV), L. galilaeum Domina, Danin & Raimondo (2006: 133 – 134), or L. mouterdei Domina, Erben & Raimondo (2006: 335), are weaker. According to data presented by Domina & Raimondo (2012: 3 - EV), L. quinnii shows sound characters that are absent as a whole in all those taxa and therefore allow easy recognition, such as leaves acute and narrower (up to 2.5 mm); spikes longer (up to 15 cm) with spikelets more remotely arranged (mostly up to 1 per cm); bracts with wider hyaline margins (the inner one being longer, up to 8 mm); calyx entirely glabrous and longer (up to 8 mm), etc.	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141237144080FE2DFB5D87A7.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimen examined: — GREECE. Dodecanese Islands, Rhodes, Kallithea, Faliraki, Anthony Quinn Bay, 36 º 19 ’ 13 ” N, 28 º 12 ’ 28 ” E (UTM: 35 SPA 084201), in crevices of calcareous maritime cliffs, 3 m a. s. l., 10 September 2011, Crespo & Pena-Martín s. n. (isotypes: ABH! num. 68189; MA!).	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141637194080FA59FBE383BA.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — GREECE. Dodecanese Islands, Rhodes, between Mandriko and Kalavardha, S of Kamiros, 36 º 19 ’ 21 ” N, 27 º 52 ’ 42 ” E (UTM: 35 SNA 788200), in low maritime cliffs, 3 m a. s. l., 10 September 2011, Crespo & Pena-Martín s. n. (holotype ABH!)	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141637194080FA59FBE383BA.taxon	description	(Figs. 4, 5 A – F).	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141637194080FA59FBE383BA.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: — Species notabilis ad Limonium roridum et L. ammophilonem affinis sed eis multo discrepat. A priore insuper spiculis dense pilosis, superioribus bracteis spicularum longioribus, et ramis sterilibus nullis vel solum 1 – 2 facile distinguitur. A posteriore insuper differt foliis densioribus dispositis et magis numerosis, fere omnibus per anthesin viridibus; caulibus valde tuberculato-asperis, tuberculis majoribus densioribusque, ramis sterilibus nullis vel 1 – 2 brevioribus a basi munitis; bractea superiore angustiora (3 – 4 mm lata); costis calycum supra basin dentium desinentibus et post anthesin limbo non vel brevissime lacerato, lobis non curvatis. Ab L. subg. Limonium pertinent.	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141637194080FA59FBE383BA.taxon	description	Description: — Perennial plant, 10 – 35 cm tall, with many or few stems, very rough, densely covered with large whitish crateriform tubercles which are depressed in the central part. Caudicles 3 – 10 cm long, densely branched with many short branches, and densely leafy in the upper part. Most leaves of the rosette green during the anthesis phase, only lowermost ones brownish and persistent after withering, (10 –) 20 – 35 (– 40) × 2 – 5 mm, mostly oblanceolate to subspathulate, obtuse, shortly awned (awn up to 0.2 mm long), with margins sinuose-crenate (because of abundant tubercles), 1 - nerved, tapering into a long petiole 1 – 2 mm wide, 1 / 2 – 3 / 4 as long as the blade. Lower cauline leaves scale-like, dark brown, 2 – 3 mm long, triangular-acuminate. Stems stout, (5 –) 10 – 25 cm long, erect, branched almost from the base. Branches distichously arranged, numerous, up to 5 cm long, erect-patent to subarched, with short secondary branchlets, sometimes proliferous (with small leaf rosettes), all fertile or rarely 1 – 2 - lowermost sterile and shorter. Inflorescence paniculate, subarticulate, obtrullate or rhombic in shape, rarely subsecund. Spikes 15 – 30 mm long, commonly secund. Spikelets 8 – 10 mm long, hairy (hairs 0.2 – 0.5 mm long), 3 – 4 (– 5) - flowered, in groups of 2 – 3 per cm. Outer bract densely hairy, 1 – 2.2 × 1 – 2 mm, broadly triangular-ovate, dark brown, acute, acuminate in the middle part, with a narrow membranous margin including the acumen. Middle bract sparsely hairy at the base and on ribs, 2.5 – 3.0 × 2.0 – 2.5 mm, oblong, hyaline-membranous. Inner bract densely hairy, 7 – 8 × 3 – 4.3 mm, broadly elliptic-obovate, green with brownish margin, shortly acuminate in the middle part (acumen up to 0.2 mm long), with a narrow margin (0.2 – 0.4 mm) including the acumen. Calyx 5.5 – 7 mm long, exceeding inner bract about 1 – 2 mm; tube hairy all around, mostly on ribs, with long and sparse hairs; limb as long as the tube or a little shorter, not or very slightly lacerate after anthesis with lobes not curved; teeth about 0.5 mm long, broadly semielliptic; tube ribs ending above the teeth base. Corolla infundibuliform, 3.5 – 4.5 mm in diameter. Petals 6 – 8 × 1.5 – 2 mm, cuneate, emarginate at the apex, pale violet. Stigmata filiform, covered with long, conical papillae [type “ papillate ” according to Baker (1948, 1953)]. Pollen grains very narrowly reticulate [type “ B ” according to Baker (1948, 1953)].	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141637194080FA59FBE383BA.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — The epithet rhodense refers to the island of Rhodes.	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141637194080FA59FBE383BA.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution: — Limonium rhodense grows on gravely soils and crevices of low maritime cliffs, also in a first-line topographical position enduring very stressful conditions, due to the combined effect of the abrasive wind and the spray of sea water. Flowering from July to September; fruiting from August to October. The species is only known from the coast line between Mandriko and Kalavardha, in the western part of Rhodes Island, Greece, and it can be considered endemic (Fig. 3). Breeding system: — The analysis of pollen-stigma combinations showed that L. rhodense is monomorphic. Contrarily to L. quinnii, the only found combination was ‘ type B’, with ‘ B’ pollen grains and ‘ papillate’ stigmata, which is also a self-incompatible one (Baker 1948, 1953; Erben 1978, 1979). As in the latter species, this breeding system together with an abundant seed-set in wild populations, indicates that L. rhodense most probably is also apomictic.	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141637194080FA59FBE383BA.taxon	discussion	Taxonomical notes: — Limonium rhodense can be included in subgenus Limonium (sensu Lledó et al. 2005) and particularly in the L. palmare aggregate (sensu Greuter et al. 1989: 335 – 336), which is easily distinguished by the presence of whitish crateriform tubercules on leaves and stems, and the production of small leaf rosetes in the axil of lower branches. This new species is closely related to L. ammophilon. Both taxa are clearly recognized by the densely hairy bracts, a diagnostic character not found in the rest of representatives of the L. palmare aggregate (Papatsou & Phitos 1975), namely in L. roridum (Sibthorp & Smith 1821: 91) Brullo & Guarino (2000: 267), a morphologically close allied widely distributed in the eastern Aegean area which has been usually included in L. graecum (Poiret 1817: 237) Kuntze (1891: 395), but which deserves recognition at the species rank (Brullo & Guarino 2000). However, remarkable distinctive characters are found in L. rhodense, mostly concerning the general habit and spikelet characteristics that allow differentiation from L. ammophilon (Table 1). Stems are more densely and long branched, and the sterile branches are completely lacking or are reduced to 1 – 2 short branchlets at the base of the inflorescence, they all being more densely covered with larger crateriform tubercles that give a strongly rough touch and appearance. Leaves are mostly green at the anthesis and they are more numerous and very densely disposed at the top of shorter caudicles, which produce more compact, shorter and broader rosettes. The inner bract is usually narrower, and the calyx limb is sometimes very weakly lacerate after anthesis, with lobes not curved (Figs. 4 – 5). It is important to note, however, that contrarily to data shown in the protologue (Papatsou & Phitos 1975), leaves in both L. rhodense and L. ammophilon seem to be mostly oblanceolate to subspathulate, obtuse and shortly mucronate, they being not always linear-lanceolate, as can be deduced from type material of the latter (preserved in UPA and E). Nevertheless, in L. rhodense they are broader and lack a prominent keel beneath.	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
03AB87B7141637194080FA59FBE383BA.taxon	materials_examined	Additional specimen examined: — GREECE. Dodecanese Islands, Rhodes, between Mandriko and Kalavardha, S of Kamiros, 36 º 19 ’ 21 ” N, 27 º 52 ’ 42 ” E (UTM: 35 SNA 788200), in low maritime cliffs, 3 m a. s. l., 10 September 2011, Crespo & Pena-Martín s. n. (isotypes: ABH! num. 68188, MA!).	en	Crespo, Manuel B., Pena-Martín, Carolina (2013): Two new species of Limonium (Plumbaginaceae) from Rhodes Island (eastern Aegean area, Greece). Phytotaxa 94 (2): 30-40, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.94.2.1
