identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A01844FFD98271FDF39221FA99FCC3.text	03A01844FFD98271FDF39221FA99FCC3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium Meigen 1803	<div><p>Genus Rhaphium Meigen, 1803</p><p>Type species</p><p>Rhaphium macrocerum Meigen, 1803, by designation of Curtis, 1835.</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Rhaphium as a whole may be recognised by the following features (modified after Yang et al. 2011): body small to large (1.5–7 mm); vertex flat; ocellar seta nearly as long as vertical seta; face distinctly narrower than frons; clypeus not distinctly separated from face; antenna black, postpedicel elongate, usually 2–10 × as long as wide at base, rarely shorter or longer; arista apical; propleuron without distinct bristle, but with dense white hairs; hind coxa with or without an exterior bristle near middle; mid and hind femora both with preapical bristle(s); wing vein M 1+2 straight and not bifurcated, R 4+5 apically parallel with M 1+2 or slightly convergent; vein dm-m shorter than distal part of M 4; abdominal segments 1–3 usually with long pale hairs, segment 6 visible and hairy; male terminalia small, connected tightly with pregenital segment, hidden in apex of abdomen, cap-like, cercus usually long and narrowed towards tip, with hairs and bristles.</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The Afrotropical fauna now includes 18 species closely related to the Palaearctic species of the former genus (or subgenus) Xiphandrium Loew, 1857, with the type species Rhaphium ensicorne Meigen, 1824 . The Afrotropical species are easily recognised by the possession of a long antennal postpedicel, with usually short apical arista-like stylus in males (Fig. 1A). The male cercus is usually bi-lobed, with one short outer and one long inner lobe (except for Rhaphium appendiculatum with simple cercus). Females of close species are poorly distinguishable (Grichanov 1995). The adult body size of Afrotropical species is small (2.1–4.1 mm).</p><p>A key to the male afrotropical species of Rhaphium Meigen, 1803</p><p>1. Fore tibia with 2 strong spine-like dorsal bristles in basal third ( Rhaphium currani subgroup) ...... 2</p><p>– Fore tibia with simple dorsal setae ................................................................................................... 6</p><p>2. Postpedicel 3 × as long as high at base, and as long as arista-like stylus; body length 2.2–2.4 mm ....................................................................................................... R. zairense Negrobov et al., 1982</p><p>– Postpedicel 7–9 × as long as high at base, and at least 3 × as long as arista-like stylus .................. 3</p><p>3. Face 2–2.5 × as high as wide under antennae; postpedicel 13 × as long as arista-like stylus; fore femur without long cilia; body length 2.2–2.4 mm ...................... R. zakonnikovae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>– Face 3.5–4 × as high as wide under antennae; arista-like stylus longer ........................................... 4</p><p>4. Arista-like stylus 1 /5 as long as postpedicel; fore femur with posterior and ventral irregular rows of hairs of different length; body length 2.2–2.6 mm ............................ R. shamshevi Grichanov, 1995</p><p>– Arista-like stylus ⅓ as long as postpedicel; fore femur with one ventral row of cilia of equal length ................................................................................................................................................ 5</p><p>5. Fore femur with posteroventral row of 9–10 dark cilia of equal length; surstylus with 2 short dorsal setae at base of wide lobe, half as long as distal wide lobe (Grichanov 1995: fig. 3); body length 2.7 mm ......................................................................................... R. bulyginskayae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>– Fore femur with ventral row of minute light hairs; surstylus with 1 long dorsal seta at base of wide lobe, reaching apex of this lobe (Grichanov &amp; Brooks 2017: fig. 156); body length 3 mm .............. .................................................................................................................... R. currani (Parent, 1939)</p><p>6. Fore tibia with dorsal or anterodorsal row of 5–15 short bristles ( Rhaphium pectinigerum subgroup) .......................................................................................................................................... 7</p><p>– Fore tibia with 2 antero- and 2 posterodorsal bristles ..................................................................... 14</p><p>7. Cercus tri-lobed; body length 2.2–2.4 mm ......................... R. sexsetosum (Vanschuytbroeck, 1951)</p><p>– Cercus bi-lobed, with one short and one long lobe; body length various, 2.1–3 mm ...................... 8</p><p>8. Surstylus deeply bifurcated, with long thin lobes ............................................................................. 9</p><p>– Surstylus entire or with short lobes ................................................................................................ 10</p><p>9. Arista-like stylus 1 / 6 as long as postpedicel; cercus with outer lobe ⅔ as long as inner lobe; body length 2.7 mm .................................................................................................... R. gobaense sp. nov.</p><p>– Arista-like stylus 2 /5 as long as postpedicel; cercus with outer lobe less than half as long as inner lobe; body length 3 mm ................................................................................................ R. vikhrevi sp. nov.</p><p>10. Cercus slightly longer than surstylus and about as long as epandrium; body length 2.4 mm ............ ....................................................................................................................... R. amharaense sp. nov.</p><p>– Cercus much longer than surstylus ..................................................................................................11</p><p>11. Fore tibia with 2 rows of thin ventral hairs, longer than diameter of tibia; body length 2.2–2.4 mm ........................................................................................................... R. pectinigerum (Parent, 1938)</p><p>– Fore tibia with ventral setulae, shorter than diameter of tibia ........................................................ 12</p><p>12. Three pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles with reduced seta between second and third dorsocentrals; fore femur without cilia in basal half; body length 2.1 mm ..................... R. pitkini Grichanov, 1995</p><p>– Four pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles; fore femur with thin posteroventral cilia in basal half. 13</p><p>13. Arista-like stylus ⅓ as long as postpedicel; fore tibia with row of feeble dorsal setulae; body length 2.1 mm ........................................................................................ R. ovsyannikovae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>– Arista-like stylus 1 / as long as postpedicel; fore tibia with row of strong dorsal setae; body length 6 3.3 mm ............................................................................................... R. doroninae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>14. Fore tibia and basitarsus with 1–2 rows of long strong ventral setae ( Rhaphium reaveyi subgroup, in part) ................................................................................................................................................. 15</p><p>– Fore leg without rows of long setae ................................................................................................ 16</p><p>15. Fore basitarsus nearly as long as tarsomere 2; body length 2.7–4.1 mm ............................................ ................................................................................................................. R. reaveyi Grichanov, 1995</p><p>– Fore basitarsus twice as long as tarsomere 2; body length 2.8–3.2 mm ............................................. ................................................................................................................. R. picketti Grichanov, 1995</p><p>16. Surstylus with bundle of long yellow bristles reaching middle of third tergite; 5 pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles; body length 2.4–3.1 mm ( Rhaphium caliginosum group) ................................ .................................................................................................. R. appendiculatum Zetterstedt, 1849</p><p>– Surstylus without such bundle; 4 pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles ( Rhaphium reaveyi subgroup, in part) ............................................................................................................................................. 17</p><p>17. No small setulae between strong dorsocentral bristles; fore tibiae with 2 posterodorsal setae only; body length 3.2–3.7 mm .................................................................... R. bukzeevae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>– One pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles; fore tibia with 2 antero- and 2 posterodorsal setae; body length 2.8–3.2 mm .... R. mcveighi Grichanov, 1995</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD98271FDF39221FA99FCC3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFDF8271FDA5934EFCDEFB34.text	03A01844FFDF8271FDA5934EFCDEFB34.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium appendiculatum Zetterstedt 1849	<div><p>Rhaphium appendiculatum Zetterstedt, 1849</p><p>Rhaphium appendiculatum Zetterstedt, 1849: 3058 . Type locality: Sweden: Scania ad Esperod (male lectotype and four paralectotypes in MZLU; examined).</p><p>Xiphandrium macrocerum Parent, 1925: 42 (nec Meigen, 1824, nec Zetterstedt, 1843).</p><p>Xiphandrium macrocerum – Collin 1940: 266. — Vanschuytbroeck 1976: 53.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>ST HELENA • 1 ♂; Sandy Bay, Blarney Bridge; 300 ft a.s.l.; 9 Dec. 1967; RMCA .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>St Helena (introduced); West and Central Palaearctic.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFDF8271FDA5934EFCDEFB34	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFDF8271FD9A954DFECEF917.text	03A01844FFDF8271FD9A954DFECEF917.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium bukzeevae Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium bukzeevae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 1A, 6</p><p>Rhaphium bukzeevae Grichanov, 1995: 29 . Type locality: Uganda, Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>UGANDA • ♂; Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley; 13 000–14 000 ft a.s.l.; Dec. 1934 – Jan. 1935; F.W. Edwards leg.; “ B.M. E. Afr. Exped. B.M. 1935–203”; BMNH.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFDF8271FD9A954DFECEF917	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFDF8273FDB29772FEFFFD5F.text	03A01844FFDF8273FDB29772FEFFFD5F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium bulyginskayae Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium bulyginskayae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 1B, 6</p><p>Rhaphium bulyginskayae Grichanov, 1995: 23 . Type locality: Kenya, Aberdare Range, Katamayo.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>KENYA • ♂; Aberdare Range, Katamayo; 8000 ft a.s.l.; Oct. 1934; F.W. Edwards leg.; “B.M. E. Afr. Exped. B.M. 1935–203”; BMNH.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>KENYA • 1 ♂; Kiambu County; 0.932° S, 36.616° E; 2600 m a.s.l.; 18 Dec. 2013; N. Vikhrev leg.; ZMUM .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Kenya.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFDF8273FDB29772FEFFFD5F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFDD8273FDF892BBFC34FA20.text	03A01844FFDD8273FDF892BBFC34FA20.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium currani (Parent 1939) CNCI 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium currani (Parent, 1939)</p><p>Figs 1I, 6</p><p>Xiphandrium currani Parent, 1939: 282 (nom. nov. for Rhaphium triste Curran, 1926, nec Xiphandrium triste Loew, 1858). Type locality: South Africa, Mpumalanga: Barberton.</p><p>Rhaphium triste Curran, 1926: 32 (nec Loew, 1858) (misidentification).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>SOUTH AFRICA – Eastern Cape • ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=27.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.533333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 27.45/lat -32.533333)">Dohne</a>; [32º32′ S, 27º27′ E]; 12 Apr. 1925; H.K. Munro leg; NMSA.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>SOUTH AFRICA – Eastern Cape • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; Hogsback, Tyume Forest; 32º36′174″ S, 26º56′303″ E; 1166 m a.s.l.; 10 Apr. 2010; A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and V. de Swart leg.; sweeping indigenous afromontane forest; BMSA • 1 ♂; Hogsback, Redwood trail; 32º35′337″ S, 26º56′135″ E; 1169 m a.s.l.; 26 Mar. 2011; A.H. Kirk-Spriggs leg.; sweeping forest paths and glades; BMSA • 1 ♀; Tsitsikamma N.P ., Bloukrans Pass, Platbos; 33°56′558″ S, 23°37′566″ E; 22–25 Jan. 2009; A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and S. Otto leg.; sweeping forest path, indigenous forest; BMSA .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFDD8273FDF892BBFC34FA20	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFDD8273FD9A9641FECEF803.text	03A01844FFDD8273FD9A9641FECEF803.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium doroninae (Parent 1939) Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium doroninae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 1C, 6</p><p>Rhaphium doroninae Grichanov, 1995: 27 . Type locality: Uganda, Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>UGANDA • ♂; Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley; 10 200 ft a.s.l.; Dec. 1934 – Jan. 1935; F.W. Edwards leg.; “B.M. E. Afr. Exped. B.M. 1935–203”; BMNH.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFDD8273FD9A9641FECEF803	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFDC8272FD92916BFE95FD69.text	03A01844FFDC8272FD92916BFE95FD69.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium mcveighi (Parent 1939) Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium mcveighi Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 1D, 6</p><p>Rhaphium mcveighi Grichanov, 1995: 30 . Type locality: Uganda, Mt Elgon, Bulambuli District.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>UGANDA • ♂; Mt Elgon, Balambuli; 9500 ft a.s.l.; 8 Aug. 1934; J. Ford leg.; “B.M. 1935-459; On Lobelia aberdaric a”; BMNH.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Kenya, Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFDC8272FD92916BFE95FD69	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFDC8272FDB09288FECEFB70.text	03A01844FFDC8272FDB09288FECEFB70.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium ovsyannikovae Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium ovsyannikovae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 1E, 6</p><p>Rhaphium ovsyannikovae Grichanov, 1995: 26 . Type locality: Uganda, Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>UGANDA • ♂; Ruwenzori Range; Namwamba Valley; 10 200 ft a.s.l.; Dec. 1934 – Jan. 1935; F.W. Edwards leg.; “ B.M. E. Afr. Exped. B.M. 1935–203”; BMNH.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFDC8272FDB09288FECEFB70	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFDC827DFD869492FDE6FD54.text	03A01844FFDC827DFD869492FDE6FD54.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium pectinigerum (Parent 1938) BMNH 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium pectinigerum (Parent, 1938)</p><p>Figs 1F, 6</p><p>Sympycnus pectiniger Parent, 1938: 408 . Type locality: Kenya, Elgon Saw mill, Mt Elgon, Vers Est.</p><p>Xiphandrium rweruense Vanschuytbroeck, 1951: 108 . Type locality: Congo-belge, Parc National de Albert, vers Rweru, Volcan Mikeni.</p><p>Syntormon spiculus Vanschuytbroeck, 1952: 43 . Type locality: Congo-belge, Parc National de l’Upemba, Lusinga.</p><p>Rhaphium vanschuytbroecki Negrobov, Grichanov &amp; Bakary, 1982: 190 . Type locality: Zaire, Parc National de Albert, Massif Ruwenzori, Kalonge, riv. Nyamwamba-Ihongero.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotypes</p><p>KENYA • ♀; Elgon Saw mill, Mt Elgon, Vers Est, Camp III; 2470 m; a.s.l. Dec.; C. Arambourg, P.-A. Chappuis and R. Jeannel leg.; “Mus. Paris, Miss. de l’Omo; 1932-33 // Type [red label), Sympycnus pectiniger n. sp., Type, O. Parent”; MNHN .</p><p>DR CONGO • ♂; P.N.A., vers Rweru, Volc. Mikeno; 2400 m a.s.l.; 26–27 Jul. 1934; G.F. de Witte leg.; “(Bambous), 501, Coll. Mus. Congo (ex coll. IPNCB) // Type [red label], P. Vanschuytbroeck det., 1950, Xiphandrium rweruense n. sp. ”; RMCA • ♀; P.N.U., Lusinga; 7 Apr. 1947; Miss. G.F. de Witte leg.; “180a, Type [red label], P. Vanschuytbroeck det., Syntormon spiculus n.sp. ”; RMCA • ♂; P.N.A ., Massif Ruwenzori, Kalonge; 2480 m a.s.l.; 25–29 Aug. 1952; P. Vanschuytbroeck and L. Kekenbosch leg.; “840-43, étage bambous; riv. Nyamwamba-Ihongero // Holotypus, Rhaphium vanschuytbroecki Negrobov, Grichanov &amp; Bakary [red label]”; RBINS .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>KENYA • 2 ♂♂; Laikipia County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.38&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.38/lat 0.05)">Thomson’s Falls</a>; 0.05° N, 36.38° E; 2350 m a.s.l.; 29–30 Dec. 2013; N. Vikhrev leg.; ZMUM • 1 ♂; Kiambu County, 0.932° S, 36.616° E; 2600 m a.s.l.; 18 Dec. 2013; N. Vikhrev leg.; ZMUM .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>DR Congo, Kenya, Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFDC827DFD869492FDE6FD54	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD3827DFDEC92AEFEFFFBB7.text	03A01844FFD3827DFDEC92AEFEFFFBB7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium picketti (Parent 1938) Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium picketti Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 1G, 6</p><p>Rhaphium picketti Grichanov, 1995: 28 . Type locality: Kenya, Mt Elgon.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>KENYA • ♂; Mt Elgon; 10500–11500 ft a.s.l.; Feb. 1935; F.W. Edwards leg.; “B.M. E. Afr. Exped. B.M. 1935–203; Heath Zone”; BMNH.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Kenya.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD3827DFDEC92AEFEFFFBB7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD3827DFDE194D3FD6BF8B5.text	03A01844FFD3827DFDE194D3FD6BF8B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium pitkini (Parent 1938) Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium pitkini Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 2A –С, 6</p><p>Rhaphium pitkini Grichanov, 1995: 25 . Type locality: South Africa, Cape Town, Kloof Nek.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; Kloof Nek, Cape Town; 1–2 Jan. 1972; “Southern African Exped. B.M. 1972-1”; BMNH.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>KENYA • 2 ♂♂; Laikipia County, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.38&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.38/lat -0.05)">Thomson’s Falls</a>; 0.05° S, 36.38° E; 2350 m a.s.l.; 29–30 Dec. 2013; N. Vikhrev leg.; ZMUM .</p><p>SOUTH AFRICA – <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.18086&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.180555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.18086/lat -28.180555)">Free State</a> • 1 ♂; Harrismith Dist., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.18086&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.180555" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.18086/lat -28.180555)">Mooihoekkop</a>; 28°10′50.0′′ S, 29°10′51.1′′ E; ca 1800 m a.s.l.; 14–16 Sep. 2009; A.H. Kirk-Spriggs leg.; Malaise traps, Leucosedea -dominated scrub; BMSA, (D)08837 .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>South Africa. First record from Kenya.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD3827DFDE194D3FD6BF8B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD2827CFDED916BFEFFFD6B.text	03A01844FFD2827CFDED916BFEFFFD6B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium reaveyi (Parent 1938) Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium reaveyi Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 1H, 6</p><p>Rhaphium reaveyi Grichanov, 1995: 27 . Type locality: Kenya, Mt Kenya, N side.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>KENYA • ♂; Mt Kenya, N side; 11 000–12 000 ft; a.s.l. 20–22 Dec. 1980; P.S. Cranston leg.; Heather, stream; BMNH, B.M.1981-79.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Kenya.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD2827CFDED916BFEFFFD6B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD2827CFE52928FFDF2FAA0.text	03A01844FFD2827CFE52928FFDF2FAA0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium sexsetosum (Vanschuytbroeck 1951) Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium sexsetosum (Vanschuytbroeck, 1951)</p><p>Figs 2D–E, 6</p><p>Xiphandrium sexsetosum Vanschuytbroeck, 1951: 110 . Type locality: Congo-belge, Parc National de Albert, vers mont Kamatembe.</p><p>Rhaphium grootaerti Negrobov, Grichanov &amp; Bakary, 1982: 192 . Type locality: Zaire, Massif Ruwenzori, Kyandolire.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotypes</p><p>DR CONGO • ♂; “ P.N.A ., vers Mt. Kamatembe ”; ca 2300 m a.s.l.; 7–23 Jan. 1935; G.F. de Witte leg.; “1054, Coll. Mus. Congo (ex coll. IPNCB) // Type [red label], Xiphandrium sexsetosum n. sp. ”; RMCA •</p><p>♂; “ Congo Belge, P.N.A., Massif Ruwenzori, Kyandolire ”; 1700 m a.s.l.; 7–15 Oct. 1952; P. Vanschuytbroeck and L. Kekenbosch leg.; “Camp de Gardes, 840-43 // Holotypus, Rhaphium grootaerti Negrobov, Grichanov &amp; Bakary [red label]”; RBINS .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Burundi, DR Congo, Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD2827CFE52928FFDF2FAA0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD2827CFD9995C1FECEF883.text	03A01844FFD2827CFD9995C1FECEF883.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium shamshevi (Vanschuytbroeck 1951) Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium shamshevi Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 2F, 6</p><p>Rhaphium shamshevi Grichanov, 1995: 24 . Type locality: Uganda, Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>UGANDA • ♂; Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley; 6500 ft a.s.l.; Dec. 1934 – Jan. 1935; F.W. Edwards leg.; “B.M. E. Afr. Exped.; B.M. 1935–203”; BMNH.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD2827CFD9995C1FECEF883	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD0827EFE69916BFDE6FC43.text	03A01844FFD0827EFE69916BFDE6FC43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium zairense (Vanschuytbroeck 1951) Negrobov, Grichanov & Bakary 1982	<div><p>Rhaphium zairense Negrobov, Grichanov &amp; Bakary, 1982</p><p>Figs 2G, 6</p><p>Rhaphium zairense Negrobov, Grichanov &amp; Bakary, 1982: 192 . Type locality: Zaire, Parc National de Albert, Mont Hoyo.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>DR CONGO • ♂; “Congo Belge, P.N.A., Mont Hoyo ”; 1280 m a.s.l.; 7–15 Jul. 1955; P. Vanschuytbroeck leg.; “13274–309; sur plantes basses // Holotypus, Rhaphium zairense Negrobov, Grichanov &amp; Bakary [red label]”; RBINS.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>KENYA • 1 ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=36.86205&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-0.36253336" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 36.86205/lat -0.36253336)">Rift Valley Prov.</a>, Mpala Ranch, Brungi; 0º21.752′ S, 36º51.723′ E; 1731 m a.s.l.; 18 Apr. 2011; A.H. Kirk-Spriggs and Copeland leg.; swept from wet area with grasses; BMSA .</p><p>Distribution.</p><p>DR Congo, Kenya, Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD0827EFE69916BFDE6FC43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD0827EFDB593A6FECEFAAF.text	03A01844FFD0827EFDB593A6FECEFAAF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium zakonnikovae Grichanov 1995	<div><p>Rhaphium zakonnikovae Grichanov, 1995</p><p>Figs 2H, 6</p><p>Rhaphium zakonnikovae Grichanov, 1995: 23 . Type locality: Uganda, Kigezi Dist., Mt Mgahinga.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>UGANDA • ♂; Kigezi Dist., Mt Mgahinga; 10 000–11 000 ft a.s.l.; Nov. 1934; F.W. Edwards leg.; “B.M. E. Afr. Exped., B.M. 1935–203”; BMNH.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Uganda.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD0827EFDB593A6FECEFAAF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD08278FDF395CBFED7FC10.text	03A01844FFD08278FDF395CBFED7FC10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium amharaense Grichanov 2026	<div><p>Rhaphium amharaense sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 05610A34-0C00-417B-96DA-A3FCB473381C</p><p>Figs 3, 6</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of R. amharaense sp. nov. differ from those of other species of the Rhaphium pectinigerum subgroup by the following combination of characters: postpedicel about 20 × as long as arista-like stylus; fore tibia with ventral setulae, shorter than diameter of tibia; cercus bi-lobed, slightly shorter than epandrium, and surstylus entire. Other species of the Rhaphium pectinigerum subgroup have a much longer arista-like stylus and male cercus.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species is named after the Amhara Province of Ethiopia, where the types have been collected.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ETHIOPIA – Amhara • ♂; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=38.3&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=11.74" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 38.3/lat 11.74)">Tana Lake env</a>.; 3180 m a.s.l.; 11.74° N, 38.30° E; 5 Aug. 2012; N. Vikhrev leg.; ZMUM.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>ETHIOPIA – Amhara • 8 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; ZMUM .</p><p>Description</p><p>Males (Fig. 3)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.4 mm, antenna length 1.1 mm, wing length 2.4 mm, wing width 0.8 mm.</p><p>HEAD. Frons metallic black, slightly grey pollinose; face densely silvery-white pollinose, wide, below antennae 2 × as wide as height of postpedicel; occiput black, grey pollinose; palpi and proboscis short, black, with black setae; antenna (Fig. 3B) black, 1.5 × as long as height of head; postpedicel long, narrow, band-like, densely pubescent, ratio of its length to height at base, 0.87/0.10; length ratios of scape to pedicel to postpedicel to stylus (in mm): 0.09/0.07/0.87/0.04; lower postocular setae white.</p><p>THORAX. Mesonotum metallic black, pleura grey pollinose; three pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced hairs anteriorly, and pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs of strong bristles, 2–3 acrosticals between first dorsocentrals in one row.</p><p>LEGS. Mostly yellow, mid and hind coxae blackish, tarsi brown from tip of basitarsus; fore coxa with yellow hairs and black apical bristles of different length; mid coxa anteriorly with black hairs and 2 strong black bristles, without apical spine; hind coxa with 1 long black outer bristle, with few short hairs; fore, mid and hind femora with few preapical setae or hairs; fore tibia with dorsal row of about 10 setae along its entire length, beginning from extreme base; fore tarsus simple, with simple setulae; mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal, 2 shorter posterodorsal, 1 short posteroventral and 4 apical bristles; hind tibia with 2 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal and 3 apical bristles. Length ratios of femur, tibia, tarsomeres 1–5 (in mm): fore leg: 0.62/0.66/0.33/0.28/0.21/0.16/0.14, mid leg: 0.78/0.86/0.39/0.25/0.16/0.1/0.1, hind leg: 0.99/1.09/0.31/0.31/0.22/0.12/0.11.</p><p>WING. Greyish; lengths (mm) of costal sections between R 2+3 and R 4+5 and that between R 4+5 and M 1, 0.49/0.18, respectively; length (mm) of dm-m to distal part of M 4, 0.22/0.44; lower calypter yellow, with brownish cilia; halter yellow.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Metallic black, with black hairs and setae; hypopygium (Fig. 3C) black, with black setae; hypandrium with 2 curved lobes; phallus simple; cercus and surstylus black; cercus slightly shorter than epandrium, narrow, with black hairs; basal lobe of cercus ¼ as long as inner lobe; surstylus (Fig. 3D) subtriangular, with relatively long mid-dorsal lobe.</p><p>Female</p><p>Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD08278FDF395CBFED7FC10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD6827AFDC59471FED7FE35.text	03A01844FFD6827AFDC59471FED7FE35.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium gobaense Grichanov 2026	<div><p>Rhaphium gobaense sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 248A2EAA-9631-47ED-B233-7663B4294D9F</p><p>Figs 4, 6</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of R. gobaense sp. nov. and R. vikhrevi sp. nov. differ from those of other species of the Rhaphium pectinigerum subgroup by the surstylus deeply bifurcated, with long thin lobes. Rhaphium gobaense differs from R. vikhrevi in the arista-like stylus 1 /6 as long as the postpedicel; the cercus has an outer lobe ⅔ as long as the inner lobe. Males of R. vikhrevi have an arista-like stylus 2 /5 as long as the postpedicel; the cercus has an outer lobe less than half as long as the inner lobe.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The species is named after the Goba Province of Ethiopia, where the types have been collected.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ETHIOPIA – Oromia • ♂; Goba; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.933" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.95/lat 6.933)">Tana Lake env.</a>; 3070 m a.s.l.; 6.933° N, 39.95° E; 7 Dec. 2023; N. Vikhrev leg.; ZMUM.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>ETHIOPIA – Oromia • 2 ♂♂; same data as for holotype; ZMUM • 3 ♂♂; Bale, 12 km E of Adaba, river; 30 Jan. 2000; A. Freidberg and I. Yarom leg.; SMNHTAU .</p><p>Description</p><p>Males (Fig. 4)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.7 mm, antenna length 1.3 mm, wing length 3 mm, wing width 1 mm.</p><p>HEAD. Frons metallic black, grey pollinose; face densely silvery-white pollinose, wide, below antennae 2 × as wide as height of postpedicel; occiput black, grey pollinose; palpi and proboscis short, black, with black setae; antenna (Fig. 4B) black, 2 × as long as height of head; postpedicel long, narrow, band-like, densely pubescent, ratio of its length to height at base, 0.96/0.10; length ratios of scape to pedicel to postpedicel to stylus (in mm): 0.08/0.06/0.96/0.17; lower postocular setae white.</p><p>THORAX. Mesonotum metallic black, pleura grey pollinose; three pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced hairs anteriorly, and pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs of strong bristles, 2–3 acrosticals between first dorsocentrals in one row.</p><p>LEGS. Mostly yellow, mid and hind coxae mostly black, hind femur brown dorsally at apex; tarsi brown from tip of basitarsus; fore coxa with yellow hairs and black apical bristles of different length; mid coxa anteriorly with yellow and brownish hairs and 2 strong black bristles, with thin black apical spine; hind coxa with 1 long black outer bristle, with few short hairs; fore, mid and hind femora with few preapical setae or hairs; mid femur with strong preapical anterior bristle; fore tibia with dorsal row of about 15 short setae along its entire length, with 1 ventral seta; fore tarsus simple, with somewhat elongated dorsal setulae; mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal, 2 shorter posterodorsal, 1 short posteroventral and 4 apical bristles; hind tibia with 2 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal, few short ventral setae and 3 apical bristles. Length ratios of femur, tibia, tarsomeres 1–5 (in mm): fore leg: 0.76/0.76/0.51/0.31/0.22/0.13/0.13, mid leg: 0.95/1.07/0.55/0.31/0.25/0.15/0.11, hind leg: 1.12/1.42/0.4/0.4/0.28/0.19/0.11.</p><p>WING. Greyish, almost hyaline. Lengths (mm) of costal sections between R 2+3 and R 4+5 and this between R 4+5 and M 1, 0.55/0.16, respectively; length (mm) of dm-m to distal part of M 4, 0.24/0.65; lower calypter yellow, with yellow cilia; halter yellow.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Metallic black, with bluish reflection, with black hairs and setae; hypopygium (Fig. 4C) black, with black setae; hypandrium with 2 curved lobes; phallus simple; cercus and surstylus black; cercus ⅔ as long as epandrium, with 2 narrow lobes, with black hairs; outer lobe of cercus ⅔ as long as inner lobe; surstylus deeply bifurcated, with long thin lobes.</p><p>Female</p><p>Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD6827AFDC59471FED7FE35	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
03A01844FFD48265FDDC924CFED7FC83.text	03A01844FFD48265FDDC924CFED7FC83.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhaphium vikhrevi Grichanov 2026	<div><p>Rhaphium vikhrevi sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4F62530F-8EBD-449A-B863-D3293F21D8F3</p><p>Figs 5–6</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of R. gobaense sp. nov. and R. vikhrevi sp. nov. differ from those of other species of the Rhaphium pectinigerum subgroup by the surstylus deeply bifurcated, with long thin lobes. See diagnosis of R. gobaense above.</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific epithet is dedicated to the collector, the Russian dipterologist Dr Nikita Vikhrev (ZMUM).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype</p><p>ETHIOPIA – Oromia • ♂; Goba, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=39.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=6.933" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 39.95/lat 6.933)">Tana Lake env.</a>; 3070 m a.s.l.; 6.933° N, 39.95° E; 7 Dec. 2023; N. Vikhrev leg.; ZMUM.</p><p>Paratypes</p><p>ETHIOPIA – Oromia • 3 ♂♂, same data as for holotype; ZMUM .</p><p>Description</p><p>Males (Fig. 5)</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 3 mm, antenna length 1.3 mm, wing length 3.3 mm, wing width 1 mm.</p><p>HEAD. Frons metallic black, with violet reflection, grey pollinose; face densely silvery-white pollinose, narrow, below antennae 1.3 × as wide as height of postpedicel; occiput black, grey pollinose; palpi and proboscis short, black, with black setae; antenna (Fig. 5B) black, 1.5 × as long as height of head; postpedicel long, narrow, band-like, densely pubescent, ratio of its length to height at base, 0.81/0.10; ratios of lengths (mm) of scape to pedicel to postpedicel to arista-like stylus, 0.08/0.05/0.81/0.35; lower postocular setae white.</p><p>THORAX. Mesonotum metallic black, pleura grey pollinose; three pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced hairs anteriorly, and pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs of strong bristles, 3–4 pairs of acrosticals anteriorly in two rows.</p><p>LEGS. Mostly yellow, mid coxa black in basal half; hind coxa with blackish spot at base; tarsi brown from tip of basitarsus; fore coxa with yellow hairs and black yellow bristles of different length; mid coxa anteriorly with yellow hairs and 2 strong black bristles, with thick brown-black apical spine; hind coxa with 1 long black outer bristle, with few short hairs; fore, mid and hind femora with few preapical setae or hairs; fore femur with 2 ventral rows of hairs, at most half as long as height of femur; mid femur with strong preapical anterior bristle; fore tibia with dorsal row of about 15 short setae along its entire length, with ventral row of about 15 setae, about as long as diametre of tibia; fore tarsus simple, with somewhat elongated dorsal setulae; mid tibia with 2 anterodorsal, 2 shorter posterodorsal, 1 short posteroventral and 4 apical bristles; hind tibia with 2 anterodorsal, 2 posterodorsal, 1 dorsal, few short ventral setae and 3 apical bristles. Length ratios of femur, tibia, tarsomeres 1–5 (in mm): fore leg 0.83/0.84/0.52/0.34/0. 24/0.15/0.12, mid leg: 1.03/1.2/0.69/0.34/0.26/0.16/0.12, hind leg 1.36/1.62/0.44/0.45/0.35/0.21/0.15.</p><p>WING. Greyish, almost hyaline. Lengths (mm) of costal sections between R 2+3 and R 4+5 and that between R 4+5 and M 1, 0.56/0.17, respectively; length (mm) of dm-m to distal part of M 4, 0.27/0.76; lower calypter yellow, with yellow cilia; halter yellow.</p><p>ABDOMEN. Metallic black, with bluish reflection, with black hairs and setae; hypopygium (Fig. 5C) black, with black setae; hypandrium with 2 curved lobes; phallus simple; cercus and surstylus black; cercus nearly 1.5 × as long as epandrium, with 2 narrow lobes, with black hairs; outer lobe of cercus 2 /5 as long as inner lobe; surstylus deeply bifurcated, with long thin lobes.</p><p>Female</p><p>Unknown.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A01844FFD48265FDDC924CFED7FC83	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Grichanov, Igor Ya.	Grichanov, Igor Ya. (2026): A review of the Afrotropical Rhaphium Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), with the description of three new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1052: 62-81, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1052.3267, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3267/14439
