identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A0878C9630FFC0FF4CE0B2F6E543F8.text	03A0878C9630FFC0FF4CE0B2F6E543F8.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyrtonellida HORNY 1963	<div><p>Order Cyrtonellida HORNÝ, 1963</p> <p>Family Protoconchoididae GEYER, 1994 (orthographic variant, ex Protoconchioididae; = Patelliconidae FRÝDA, 1998)</p> <p>D i s c u s s i o n: The genus Patelliconus HORNÝ, 1961 was originally placed in the family Hypseloconidae KNIGHT, 1956 (Horný 1961, 1963). Yochelson (1977) reported Patelliconus as a monoplacophoran of the family Hypseloconidae from the Ordovician of Norway. For the genus Protoconchoides SHAW, 1962 a separate family was established, Protoconchoididae, by Geyer, 1994 (spelled as Protoconchioididae)and located within the order Tryblidiida LEMCHE, 1957. In 2002, Horný listed Patelliconus, although tentatively, as a gastropod under the family Archinacellidae KNIGHT, 1956 or?Protoconchioididae GEYER, 1994. The family Protoconchoididae is transferred here to the order Cyrtonellida HORNÝ, 1963, which has priority over the order Kirengellida ROZOV, 1975 (see Peel 1991). Thus the superficially similar genus Kirengella ROZOV, 1968, reported by several authors from Cambrian to Ordovician strata (e.g. by Doguzhaeva 1972, 1981, Rozov 1975, Stinchcomb 1986, Webers, Pojeta Jr., and Yochelson 1992, Geyer 1994, Stinchcomb and Angeli 2002) belongs in the same order. Unfortunately, the majority of the described species of Kirengella lack shells and their muscle scars are rare, poorly preserved or unknown. As already noted by Horný (2006a), the family Kirengellidae STAROBOGATOV, 1970 requires a detailed study of better preserved specimens and critically defined genera. An important criterion could be either presence of a muscle zone consisting of more or less equivalent muscle scars or coalesced muscle scars in a continuous band-like ring. This complicated situation can be illustrated by the well-known specimen of Rasetti´s Scenella sp. undet. (1954), tentatively assigned to Protoconchoides by Geyer (1994) as Protoconchioides? rasettii n. sp., and reinterpret- ed by Peel (1991) as a helcionellid.</p> <p>Frýda (1998) established a new family Patelliconidae of unceratin class affinity, based on Patelliconus HORNÝ, 1961 and containing, besides Patelliconus, a Lower Devonian genus Chuchleconus FRÝDA, 1998. Because the shell morphology and musculature of Protoconchoides SHAW, 1962 and Patelliconus HORNÝ, 1961 are almost identical, the family Patelliconidae is here synonymized with the family Protoconchoididae Geyer, 1994.</p> <p>I n c l u d e d g e n e r a: Patelliconus HORNÝ, 1961; Protoconchoides SHAW, 1962; Chuchleconus FRÝDA, 1998; Mytoconula gen. n.</p> <p>D i s t r i b u t i o n: middle Cambrian; Ordovician; Lower</p> <p>Devonian.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0878C9630FFC0FF4CE0B2F6E543F8	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Horný, Radvan J.	Horný, Radvan J. (2009): Patelliconus Horný, 1961 And Mytoconula Gen. N. (Mollusca, Tergomya) From The Ordovician Of Perunica. Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae Series B 65 (1 - 2): 25-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13183168
03A0878C9630FFC4FC7EE7ABF7034173.text	03A0878C9630FFC4FC7EE7ABF7034173.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Patelliconus Horny 1961	<div><p>Genus Patelliconus HORNÝ, 1961</p> <p>partim 1903 Palaeacmaea HALL et WHITFIELD; J. Perner, p. 27. 1961 Patelliconus HORNÝ: R. Horný, p. 301.</p> <p>1963 Patelliconus HORNÝ: R. Horný, p. 29.</p> <p>1977 Patelliconus HORNÝ: E. L. Yochelson, p. 310, 311.</p> <p>1994 Patelliconus HORNÝ: G. Geyer, p. 81.</p> <p>1998 Patelliconus HORNÝ: J. Frýda, p. 46.</p> <p>2002 Patelliconus HORNÝ: R. Horný, p. 76.</p> <p>2005 Patelliconus HORNÝ: P. Bouchet et al., p. 126.</p> <p>T y p e s p e c i e s: Palaeacmaea primula BARRANDE in PERNER, 1903. Middle Ordovician, lower Darriwilian, Šárka Formation.</p> <p>D i a g n o s i s: Genus of the family Protoconchoididae with low, conical, thin-shelled conch; early shell narrower, followed by a change in slope between the early shell and teleoconch; aperture planar, widely ovate in outline, l/w ratio 1.10–1.25; apex subcentral, slightly shifted in anterior direction, projecting; muscle scar circular, narrow, ring-shaped; outer sculpture, concentric growth lines and shallow periodical rugae, corresponding to position of the muscle ring.</p> <p>D i s c u s s i o n: Patelliconus HORNÝ, 1961 was bas- ed on Palaeacmaea primula BARRANDE in PERNER, 1903 from the early Middle Ordovician (lower Darriwilian) Šárka Formation of the Barrandian Area (Perunica). A very similar middle Cambrian mollusc is Protoconchoides established by Shaw 1962, originally as a subgenus of Scenella BILLINGS, 1872 (type species, Scenella hermitensis RESSER, 1945). Geyer (1994), emending Protoconchoides (spelled as Protoconchioides) as a separate genus, noted its morphological similarity with various Cambrian and Lower Ordovician genera of China and the Siberian Platform, and also with Patelliconus HORNÝ, 1961 (erroneously dated by Geyer as 1963). As the main differences between Patelliconus Horny and this genus, Geyer pointed out its larger size, strongly rugose outer shell surface, and location of the muscle scar, lying in a more central position. These features, alone however, can hardly be recognized as generic ones. The largest specimen of Patelliconus primulus is 11.5 mm long, the length of the largest specimen of P. douli GEYER, 1994 is 9.4 mm. Rugosity of the outer shell surface in Patelliconus is connected with the extremely thin shell, reflecting positions of repeated location of the ring-shaped muscle zone, and may be a better specific character. Thus the position of the muscle ring varies according to the age of the animal.</p> <p>The representative of Patelliconus from the Upper Ordovician of Norway, P. osloensis YOCHELSON, 1977, shows radial structures on the internal shell surface which may indicate a closer relationship with the new genus Mytoconula,.</p> <p>A close morphologic similarity of the Cambrian Protoconchoides and Ordovician Patelliconus may lead to a synonomy of these genera; nevertheless, this similarity could be a result of a morphologic convergence (see also Frýda, 1998). Patelliconus and Protoconchoides display an important feature, unfortunately rarely completely fossilized: a narrower early shell, followed by wider teleoconch (according to Geyer: “Apex, if preserved, projects as a nipple”; 1994, p. 82; plate I, figs P, Q). This character may be an important diagnostic feature of a higher systematic category.</p> <p>I n c l u d e d s p e c i e s: Patelliconus primulus (BARRANDE in PERNER, 1903), Middle Ordovician, lower Darriwilian, Šárka Formation; Barrandian Area, Bohemia.</p> <p>Patelliconus primulus (BARRANDE in PERNER, 1903)</p> <p>Text-figs 1–4</p> <p>1903 Palaeacmaea primula Barr. sp.; J. Perner, p. 27.</p> <p>1903 Palaeacmaea immigrans Barr. sp.; J. Perner, p. 28.</p> <p>1961 Patelliconus primulus (Perner, 1903); R. Horný, p. 301.</p> <p>1963 Patelliconus primulus (Perner, 1903); R. Horný, p. 29–31.</p> <p>1977 Patelliconus primulus (Perner); E. L. Yochelson, p. 311.</p> <p>2002 Patelliconus primulus (Barrande in Perner, 1903); R. Horný, p. 76.</p> <p>H o l o t y p e: By monotypy, specimen NM L 8425, figured here in Text-fig. 1.</p> <p>S t r a t u m t y p i c u m: Middle Ordovician, lower</p> <p>Darriwilian, Šárka Formation.</p> <p>T y p e l o c a l i t y: Osek near Rokycany.</p> <p>M a t e r i a l: 6 specimens, incl. the holotypes of</p> <p>P. primula and P. immigrans.</p> <p>D i a g n o s i s: Species of Patelliconus HORNÝ, 1961 with a subcentral apex; shell interior almost smooth; a concentric band-like muscle zone periodically migrating towards the apertural margin. L/w ratio 1.10–1.25.</p> <p>D e s c r i p t i o n: The description published by Horný (1963) is completed by observation based on two new specimens, MBHR 2418 and NM L 39616.</p> <p>Specimen MBHR 2418, collected by Jaroslav and Petr Kraft at Osek near Rokycany (Text-fig. 4) is a counterpart of an incomplete, immature specimen with preserved cavity left after the apical part of the juvenile shell. The early shell with ovate aperture bears fine, dense comarginal threads and initially a distinct groove then rapidly expanding into the wider teleoconch. The apical angle of the early shell is 70° (l), 90° (w).</p> <p>Specimen NM L 39616, collected by Štěpán Rak, Jr. at Volduchy – Díly near Rokycany (Text-fig. 2) is a mature specimen, 10.5 mm long and 9.5 mm wide (l/w ratio 1.10), an internal mould with weathered apical part but relatively well-preserved internal shell surface and the apertural margin. It bears three raised concentric rugae corresponding to grooves in the shell interior. There are no visible traces of migration of muscle insertions; the continuous muscle zone probably displaced by saltation as in Pygmaeoconus HORNÝ, 1961 (see Horný 2006a) and in the majority of other cyrtonellids. The adapertural muscle scar is adorally bordered with a thin line which probably represents either an adapertural margin of the band-like muscle scar or, less likely, the pallial line. (Location of the pallial line close to muscle insertions figured by Runnegar and Pojeta, Jr. [1964], fig. 2 in a reconstruction of the Rasetti´s specimen of Scenella sp.). The posterior slope of the shell bears fine, irregular, radial structures normal to the apertural margin. The ring-shaped muscle zone, located on a raised wall or ridge, is about 0.3 mm wide, flat, probably continuous, without isolated scars of muscle bundles (Text-fig. 1c). The aperture is planar, its outline almost circular, the l/w ratio 1.03. The apical angle of adult shell varies between 90–100°. The longitudinal shell profile is asymmetric as in Pygmaeoconus: the slightly shorter side interpreted as anterior is almost straight, the posterior side is gently arched.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0878C9630FFC4FC7EE7ABF7034173	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Horný, Radvan J.	Horný, Radvan J. (2009): Patelliconus Horný, 1961 And Mytoconula Gen. N. (Mollusca, Tergomya) From The Ordovician Of Perunica. Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae Series B 65 (1 - 2): 25-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13183168
03A0878C9634FFC8FE9CE527F0E642D3.text	03A0878C9634FFC8FE9CE527F0E642D3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mytoconula Horný 2009	<div><p>Genus Mytoconula gen. n.</p> <p>T y p e s p e c i e s: Mytoconula vonkai sp. n., Middle Ordovician, upper Darriwilian, Dobrotivá Formation; Bohemia, Barrandian Area.</p> <p>D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s: Ater the village of Mýto near the type locality, with suffix -conula (Lat.), a small cone. Feminine.</p> <p>D i a g n o s i s: Genus of the family Protoconchoididae with low, conical, thin-shelled conch, with apex shifted about a half way between the shell centre and the anterior apertural margin; early shell is narrower, sharply separated by a groove from the wider teleoconch; aperture planar, widely ovate in outline, l/w ratio 1.12–1.39; fine radial striation of shell interior; concentric muscle zones disintegrat- ed into a series of small scars.</p> <p>D i s c u s s i o n: Dense radial striation of the internal shell surface may represent an ancestral type of musculature of tergomyan molluscs, traceable in several early Palaeozoic genera – e. g. Pilina KOKEN in KOKEN et PERNER, 1925 (P. liaoningensis YU WEN et YOCHELSON, 1999); Bipulvina YOCHELSON, 1958 (B. croftsae YOCHELSON, 1958); Drahomira BARRANDE in PERNER, 1903 (D. kriziana HORNÝ, 2005), and even the cyrtonellids – Sinuitopsis PERNER, 1903 (S. neglecta BARRANDE in PERNER, 1903). In this connection Cambridium HORNÝ, 1957 should also be mentioned. This middle Cambrian genus, originaly a representative of the order Cambridiida HORNÝ in KNIGHT et YOCHELSON, 1960, may be classified as an ancient tergomyan with strongly emphasized radial structure.</p> <p>Patelliconus osloensis YOCHELSON, 1977 from Upper</p> <p>Ordovician of Norway (Grimsöy Formation, upper Kat-</p> <p>ian) has a radially striated internal shell surface. Yochelson (p. 311) describes this structure as closely spaced, irregular ridges near the margin, which may have been areas of blood vessels leading to the mantle margin or may have been connected with attachment of the mantle to the shell. According to his fig. 2K, these ridges bifurcate or trifurcate adaper-</p> <p>turally, being similar to structures in Pilina liaoningensis</p> <p>YU WEN et YOCHELSON, 1999 or e. g. Cambridium nikiforovae HORNÝ, 1957. For these reasons, in spite of the subcentral apex, I prefer to classify this species as Mytoconula osloensis (YOCHELSON, 1977).</p> <p>S p e c i e s i n c l u d e d: Mytoconula vonkai sp. n.,</p> <p>Middle Ordovician, upper Darriwilian, Dobrotivá Formation; Bohemia, Barrandian Area.</p> <p>Mytoconula vonkai sp. n.</p> <p>Text-figs 5–8</p> <p>H o l o t y p e: specimen NM L 31983, figured here in</p> <p>Text-fig. 5.</p> <p>P a r a t y p e: specimen NM L 31984, figured here in</p> <p>Text-fig. 6.</p> <p>S t r a t u m t y p i c u m: Middle Ordovician, upper</p> <p>Darriwilian, Dobrotivá Formation.</p> <p>T y p e l o c a l i t y: Mýto near Holoubkov.</p> <p>D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s: Named after ing.</p> <p>Vladimír Vonka, collector and palaeontology enthusiast,</p> <p>who found important specimens for our understanding of morphology.</p> <p>M a t e r i a l: 22 specimens, including the type specimens, deposited in collections of the National Museum, Prague.</p> <p>D i a g n o s i s: see the genus.</p> <p>D e s c r i p t i o n: The low cone-like shell is widely ovoid in outline with a subcentral, anteriorly shifted apex. The average length:width ratio is 1.25 (14 specimens measured). The smallest specimen, NM L 38765, is 4.20 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, and 0.6 mm high, the largest, NM L 38761a, is 12.10 mm long and 10.8 mm wide. The growth structures indicate that the early shell aperture had an almost rounded outline (NM L 38764b). The apex is shifted towards the apertural margin, interpreted as anterior. The early shell has steeper sides, about 90° (NM L 38768); apical angle of mature shells reaches 120°. Both the anterior and posterior apertural margins are rounded. The anterior side is steeper than the posterior, which is shallowly convex between the apex and posterior margin in mature specimens. The apertural margin is planar, sharp, periodically slightly flaring in mature specimens (NM L 38914). The shell wall is very thin, maximum thickness being about 0.05 mm. Its composition and structure are unknown, being weathered and substituted by limonite. External sculpture consists of simple, somewhat irregular and unequal growth lines (NM L 38914, Text-fig. 5d). Two or three periodical rugae corresponding to the location of concentric muscle zones are developed predominantly in the posterior area of shell (NM L 38914); these structures are weak or absent in the majority of specimens studied.</p> <p>As the shells are small and the shell wall is thin, the muscle insertions are rather small and indistinct. Furthermore, the weathered structure of the surface of internal moulds is not smooth enough to reflect such fine details. Several specimens preserved as internal moulds showed numerous fine radial ridges (grooves on the internal shell surface) running from the periphery of the early shell and almost reaching the apertural margin (NM L 38914, NM L 38767, NM L 31983; Text-fig. 5). When crossing the periodical rugae of the shell, these weak ridges increase in strength and breadth and have the character of short muscle scars (NM L 31893, NM L 38764c, Text-fig. 7). Two slightly stronger diverging ribs were developed in the posterolateral area (NM L 31893, NM L 31894, NM L 38765; Text-fig. 6). The pallial line and associated structures have not been ascertained.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A0878C9634FFC8FE9CE527F0E642D3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Horný, Radvan J.	Horný, Radvan J. (2009): Patelliconus Horný, 1961 And Mytoconula Gen. N. (Mollusca, Tergomya) From The Ordovician Of Perunica. Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae Series B 65 (1 - 2): 25-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13183168
