identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A287BCFFF3580EFD8178B2FEB9F80F.text	03A287BCFFF3580EFD8178B2FEB9F80F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina Simon 1882	<div><p>Genus Orchestina Simon, 1882</p><p>Orchestina Simon, 1882: 237 .</p><p>Ferchestina Saaristo &amp; Marusik, 2004: 52 . Synonym of Orchestina according to Platnick et al. (2012: 37).</p><p>Type species</p><p>Schoenobates pavesii Simon, 1873 [= Orchestina pavesii (Simon, 1873)].</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Orchestina spiders can be distinguished from other oonopid genera by lacking a dorsal abdominal scutum, by their enlarged femora IV, and by their characteristic jumping behavior.</p><p>Diagnostic characters of Orchestina species in Japan</p><p>In terms of general appearances, Orchestina species occurring in Japan display three recurrent somatic color patterns (Figs 9, 21; Appendix 1). The first pattern is characterized by a carapace with brown net-like markings and a dorsum of the abdomen showing violet pigmentation with a pale inverted V-shaped marking (e.g., Figs 1A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, 10A: O. okitsui, O. saaristoi Henrard &amp; Jocqué, 2012, O. saltitans Banks, 1894, O. colubrina Liu, Henrard &amp; Xu, 2019). The second pattern lacks distinctive markings on both carapace and abdomen (e.g., Figs 11A, 12A, 15A, 17A, 18F, 19A, 20A: O. pavesii, O. flava, O. insulana sp. nov., O. sanguinea). The third condition is represented by a carapace with faint radial rows of pigments and dark-colored margins (Fig. 13A: O. nojimai sp. nov.). These color patterns are provided for descriptive purposes only. Species identification should primarily rely on the morphology of the male endites, labium and the genitalia of both sexes, as detailed below.</p><p>In males, the shape of the endites provides a useful diagnostic character, as they are highly modified and species-specific (Figs 1E–F, 2C, G, 4E–F, 10D–E, 11D–E, 15D–F) except in O. saltitans, which retains unmodified endites (Fig. 6E–F). More specifically, different types of modifications on the endites are useful for distinguishing species: presence of a serrula ( O. okitsui: Figs 1E–F, 2C, G; O. saaristoi: Fig. 4E–F; O. flava: Fig. 15E–F), a subapical outgrowth ( O. okitsui: Figs 1E–F, 2C, G, arrows), a small triangular appendix ( O. flava: Fig. 15E–F, arrows), a small spatulate apophysis ( O. pavesii: Fig. 11D–E, arrows), and a spine-like extension ( O. colubrina: Fig. 10D–E, arrows). The male labium is oval in shape and shows little interspecific variation among the Japanese species, except in O. colubrina and O. pavesii, which possess two lateral conical extensions on the anterior margin (Figs 10D–E, 11D–E). In addition, the male labium of O. colubrina is distinguished from those of other species by the presence of five modified setae on the ventral surface (Fig. 10D–E).</p><p>Male palpal morphology also varies among species and the diagnostic features are as follows. Relative size of the palpal bulb and tibia: 1) tibia wider than bulb ( O. okitsui: Fig. 1G–H, K–L; O. saaristoi: Fig. 4G–H, K, N; O. colubrina: Fig. 10G–H, J–K); 2) tibia as wide as bulb ( O. pavesii: Fig. 11F–H); and 3) bulb wider than tibia ( O. saltitans: Fig. 6 G, I–J, L; O. flava: Fig. 15G–H, K–L). Shape of the embolus: 1) short with a wide basal portion ( O. okitsui: Fig. 1G–O; O. saaristoi: Fig. 4G–P; O. flava: Fig. 15G–N); 2) conspicuously long and bristle-like ( O. saltitans: Fig. 6G–L); 3) moderately long and thin ( O. colubrina: Fig. 10F–K); and 4) winding with a bifurcated tip ( O. pavesii: Fig. 11F–H). Trajectory of the seminal duct: 1) long, mostly visible, forming many circular loops ( O. okitsui: Fig. 1G, K, O; O. saaristoi: Fig. 4G, K, L; O. flava: Fig. 15G, K); and 2) short, thin, mostly inconspicuous ( O. saltitans: Fig. 6G–L; O. colubrina: Fig. 10F–K; O. pavesii: Fig. 11F–H).</p><p>Females can be distinguished by the following external and internal characteristics of their genitalia: presence of external pockets ( O. pavesii: Fig. 12E–F; O. nojimai sp. nov.: Fig. 13F–J); a sclerotized genital opening ( O. nojimai sp. nov.: Fig. 13F–G); a longitudinal dark line formed by a thin AUS ( O. saltitans: Fig. 7E–H); a longitudinal dark line formed by the AUS and Dc ( O. flava: Fig. 17D, I; O. insulana sp. nov.: Fig. 19F, H, J; O. sanguinea: Fig. 20E, G); and a globular AUS visible as a dark circular marking ( O. okitsui: Fig. 3E, G; O. saaristoi: Fig. 5E, G). Closely related species are further separated by the detailed morphology of the AUS and Pr of the internal genitalia (Fig. 3F, H vs 5F, H; Fig. 17E, G–H, J vs 19G, I, K vs 20F, H) and density and length of hairs on genital surface (Fig. 17D, I vs 19F, H, J vs 20E, G). For practical reasons, a graphical character matrix is provided as the identification key (Appendix 1) instead of a traditional dichotomous text key.</p><p>Habitat types also vary among species: litter layers and bushes in forests ( O. okitsui, O. flava, O. insulana sp. nov., O. sanguinea), grasslands at coastal zones ( O. saaristoi), and indoor environments ( O. saltitans, O. pavesii). The habitats of O. colubrina and O. nojimai sp. nov. remain uncertain due to limited specimen data.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFF3580EFD8178B2FEB9F80F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFF55800FDAD7C1FFE20F942.text	03A287BCFFF55800FDAD7C1FFE20F942.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina okitsui Oi 1958	<div><p>Orchestina okitsui Oi, 1958</p><p>Figs 1–3, 9A, 14</p><p>Orchestina okitsui Oi, 1958: 32, figs 5–7 (descriptions of ♂ ♀ from Tokyo, Japan).</p><p>Note</p><p>For the complete taxonomic list, see the World Spider Catalog (2026).</p><p>Japanese name</p><p>tキツハネグ± (Okitsu-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of Orchestina okitsui closely resemble those of O. zhiwui Liu, Xu &amp; Henrard, 2019, O. concava Tong &amp; Li, 2024 and O. subclavulata Song et al., 2024 by sharing the following characteristics: violet-brown net-like markings on the dorsal carapace; violet-brown pigmentation with a pale inverted V-shaped marking on the dorsal abdomen (Fig. 1A); endites with a subapical triangular outgrowth (Figs 1E–F, 2C, G); an enlarged palpal tibia; similar relative proportion of tibia and bulb; a short embolus with a wide basal portion; and a dark-colored, elongated seminal duct that is clearly visible (Figs 1G, K, 2A–B, E–F). However, they can be distinguished by the length and trajectory of the seminal duct. In O. okitsui, the duct is longer, and its trajectory is more complex, forming multiple loops: three loops are visible between the inner S-shaped loop and the outer duct, and the duct beneath the outer loop (“loop 1”) is distinctly winding (Figs 1G, K, 2E–F). In contrast, the seminal duct of O. zhiwui is shorter, forming a simple S-shaped trajectory (Liu et al. 2019: fig. 13b; Wang et al. 2021: fig. 1i); in O. concava, a single loop is visible between the outer duct and the inner loop (Song et al. 2024: fig. 5a), and in O. subclavulata, two loops are present between the outer duct and the inner loop (Song et al. 2024: fig. 9a–b). Males of O. okitsui also resemble those of O. aureola Tong &amp; Li, 2011 and O. clavulata Tong &amp; Li, 2011 in somatic coloration, abdominal markings and the general shape of the palp, but can be readily distinguished by the presence of a subapical triangular outgrowth on the endites (Figs 1E–F, 2C, G), which is absent in O. aureola and O. clavulata (Tong &amp; Li 2011: fig. 2a–b).</p><p>Females of O. okitsui resemble those of O. xui Tong &amp; Li, 2024 in the shape of the internal genitalia, particularly in having an anteriorly swollen AUS with short Pr situated anterolaterally (Fig. 3F, H), and a pair of semicircular sclerotized plates on the posterior side of the genital area (Fig. 3E, G, arrows; Song et al. 2024: “pockets”). However, they can be distinguished by the globular shape of the anterior portion of AUS and by the position of the “pockets” which are more mesial in O. okitsui, whereas in O. xui the AUS is transversely wider, and the “pockets” are positioned more laterally (Song et al. 2024: fig. 18c–d).</p><p>Females of O. okitsui also resemble those of O. clavulata but can be readily distinguished by the entirely serrated Pr, whereas only the distal end of Pr is serrated in O. clavulata (Tong &amp; Li 2011: fig. 7e) and by the presence of a pair of sclerotized plates on the posterior margin of the genital area, which are absent in O. clavulata (Tong &amp; Li 2011: fig. 7f).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (examined) JAPAN – Tokyo • ♂; Higashiyamato-shi, Murayama-chosuichi; 26 Feb. 1958; S. Okitsu leg.; NSMT-Ar 1924.</p><p>Allotype (examined) JAPAN – Tokyo • ♀; same data as for holotype; NSMT-Ar 1925.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>JAPAN – Ibaraki Prefecture • 1 ♂; Tsukuba-shi, Tennodai; Oct. 2018; Y. Suzuki leg.; YSPC-Op-1 . – Tokyo • 1 ♀, 1 juvenile; Hachioji-shi, Hachioji-joshi; 22 Apr. 2014; T. Suguro leg.; TKPM-AR 3419 • 1 ♂; Oume-shi, Kurosawa; 23 Apr. 2019; A. Ando leg.; TKPM-AR 3565 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 3 Dec. 2024; A. Ando leg.; TKPM-AR 3420 . – Kanagawa Prefecture • 2 ♂♂; Atsugi-shi, Iiyama, Iiyamakannon; 7 May 1977; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 17663 . – Mie Prefecture • 1 ♂; Ise-shi, Toyokawa-cho, Ise-jingu, Gegu-12-rinpan; 5 Oct. 2003; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 14453 • 1 ♀; Ise-shi, Ujitachi-cho, Ise-jingu, Gegu-85-rinpan; 26 Nov. 2003; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 14468 • 1 ♀; Ise-shi, Ujimazaike-cho, Ise-jingu, Gegu-45-rinpan; 22 May 2004; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 14240 • 1 ♂; Ise-shi, Ujitachi-cho, Ise-jingu, Gegu-97-rinpan; 29 Dec. 2003; K. Kumada leg.; NAMT-Ar 14129 • 1 ♂; Ise-shi, Ujitachi-cho, Ise-jingu, Gegu-81-rinpan; 15 May 2004; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 14184; all specimens collected in Mie Prefecture correspond to Kumada (2012) . – Fukui Prefecture • 1 ♀; Onyu-gun, Natasyou-mura, Nagatani; 30 Aug. 2002; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 15212; the specimen corresponds to Kumada (2002) . – Okayama Prefecture • 1 ♂; Kume-gun, Misaki-cho, Nishihaga; 23 Apr. 2022; K. Nojima leg.; TKPM-AR 3421 • 2 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; TKPM-AR 3422 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (TKPM-AR 3421)</p><p>COLORATION. In ethanol (Fig. 1A–D). Carapace pale yellowish brown with violet-brown net-like markings. Base of eyes black. Clypeus pale yellowish brown. Chelicerae pale yellowish brown. Endites and labium pale yellowish brown, margins darker. Sternum pale yellowish brown, stained with violet-brown spots. Legs pale yellowish brown, without annulations. Abdomen dorsally pale yellowish white, with violetbrown pigments, bearing pale inverted V-shaped marking; ventrally covered with violet-brown pigments, except pale central part. Live specimen as in Fig. 9A. Carapace and palp orange, abdomen reddish brown, both more vivid than in preserved specimens.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.05. Carapace length 0.49, width 0.41, height 0.24. Eye diameter: ALE 0.064, PME 0.053, PLE 0.049. Length of legs: I 0.45 + 0.16 + 0.39 + 0.31 + 0.18 = 1.49, II 0.38 + 0.14 + 0.36 + 0.37 + 0.18 = 1.43, III 0.31 + 0.11 + 0.23 + 0.27 + 0.17 = 1.09, IV 0.49 +0.14 +0.30 +0.39 + 0.17 =1.49. Abdomen length 0.50, width 0.48, height 0.44.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace oval, longer than wide, length/width = 1.20. Chelicerae without conspicuous macrosetae or apophyses (Fig. 1D). Endites markedly longer than wide, modified, divided into outer sclerotized and inner soft regions. Outer region with triangular subapical outgrowth (Fig. 1E– F, arrows); apical margin truncated, bearing serrula with fine serrations; two setae present at middle of outer margin. Inner soft region with dense brush-like tuft. Abdomen oval, as long as wide, length/ width =1.04.</p><p>PALP. Femur cylindrical. Patella small, triangular. Tibia elliptical, enlarged, length/width = 1.72, slightly wider than bulb, tibial width/bulb width= 1.17, attached subbasally to patella. Cymbium small, tapering apically. Palpal bulb pear-shaped, length/width =1.58, strongly concave at middle of posterior margin. Seminal ducts dark colored, long, four circular loops visible in prolateral view; outermost loop (“loop 1”) conspicuously winding; inner loop S-shaped (Fig. 1G, K). Five ducts visible in posterior view (Fig. 1J, O). Ampulla visible as dark thumb-shaped spot in retrolateral view (Fig. 1H, L). Embolus short; basal portion wide. Embolic tip without modified structures, directed inward in dorsal view (Fig. 1G–O).</p><p>Female (TKPM-AR 3422)</p><p>COLORATION. As in male (Fig. 3A–C).</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.27. Carapace length 0.56, width 0.44, height 0.29. Eye diameter: ALE 0.062, PME 0.044, PLE 0.043. Length of legs: I 0.46 + 0.16 + 0.43 + 0.40 + 0.18 = 1.63, II 0.44 + 0.13 + 0.35 + 0.36 + 0.18 = 1.46, III 0.33 + 0.12 + 0.24 + 0.20 + 0.17 = 1.06, IV 0.50 +0.16 +0.28 + 0.38 +0.19 =1.51. Abdomen length 0.69, width 0.58, height 0.50.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace oval, narrowing anteriorly, longer than wide, length/width= 1.27. Endites pentagonal, elongate, bearing blackish serrula with fine serration on anterolateral margin (Fig. 3D). Abdomen oval, longer than wide, length/width=1.20.</p><p>GENITALIA. External genitalia (Fig. 3E, G). AUS visible as large dark reddish-brown marking on central region of genital area. Two semicircular sclerotized plates on posterior region (Fig. 3G, arrow). Internal genitalia (Fig. 3F, H). AUS globular, narrowing posteriorly. Pr short, thick, serrated, directed posterolaterally. Dc absent. ARe large, dome-shaped, anterior margin not exceeding AUS (Fig. 3H).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Japan: Hokkaido (uncertain record, detailed locality is unknown), Honshu (from north to southwest region), Shikoku and Kyushu (uncertain record, detailed locality is unknown) (Fig. 14).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Both holotype and allotype of O. okitsui were seriously discolored and it was difficult to observe their detailed external morphologies, and the shapes of palp and endites of the male were barely visible (Fig. 2). As a result, it was revealed that the endites of O. okitsui bear a subapical triangular outgrowth and serrula (Fig. 2C, G), which were not described in the original description.</p><p>Although Yaginuma (1977) mentioned that O. okitsui is distributed in Hokkaido, Honshu and Shikoku, the information of voucher specimens was not provided. Furthermore, no Orchestina species including O. okitsui have been collected in Hokkaido since Yaginuma (1977) (M. Matsuda, personal communication). Considering that O. okitsui was confused with O. saltitans in Yaginuma (1986) (Fig. 8; Table 2; also see the remarks section of O. saltitans below), it is possible that the record of O. okitsui from Hokkaido is a misidentification of O. saltitans .</p><p>In Kyushu, two records of O. okitsui have been reported (Irie 2002; Shinkai &amp; Tanikawa 2015). However, the specimen described by Shinkai &amp; Tanikawa (2015) was reidentified as O. saltitans in this study. The specimen reported by Irie (2002) was not illustrated, and the voucher specimen could not be examined. Therefore, this record is regarded as uncertain.</p><p>Ecology</p><p>Orchestina okitsui inhabits litter layers and bushes in forests. In winter, adults of this species are found under tree barks. This species sometimes co-occurs with O. sanguinea .</p><p>DNA sequences</p><p>COI (431 bp): see Table 1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFF55800FDAD7C1FFE20F942	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFFA5804FDD27BFCFBD6FA61.text	03A287BCFFFA5804FDD27BFCFBD6FA61.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina saaristoi Henrard & Jocque 2012	<div><p>Orchestina saaristoi Henrard &amp; Jocqué, 2012</p><p>Figs 4–5, 14</p><p>Orchestina saaristoi Henrard &amp; Jocqué, 2012: 88, figs 573–605 (descriptions of ♂ ♀ from palm plantation in Basoko, Bandundu, Congo).</p><p>Orchestina manicata – Saaristo &amp; van Harten 2006: 148, figs 64–67 (♂ ♀). Misidentified.</p><p>New Japanese name ウミ«ハネグ± (Umibe-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of O. saaristoi can be clearly distinguished from those of the allied species O. manicata Simon, 1893 from Sri Lanka by the shape of the endites: the outer margin is gently curved in O. saaristoi (Fig. 4E–F), whereas it is almost straight with an angular corner in O. manicata (Ranasinghe &amp; Benjamin 2025: fig. 3d); and by the shape of the embolus: the retrolateral surface is gently curved in O. saaristoi (Fig. 4I, O) whereas it forms an angular ridge in O. manicata (Ranasinghe &amp; Benjamin 2025: fig. 3d).</p><p>Females of O. saaristoi resemble those of O. clavulata Tong &amp; Li, 2011 and O. okitsui in the shape of the internal genitalia, but can be distinguished by the following characteristics: presence of a transversely wide sclerotized region on the posterior part of the genital area beyond the epigastric furrow, forming a distinctive posterior edge (Fig. 5G, arrow); relatively slender and longer Pr situated more posteriorly to AUS; posterior region of AUS continuously wide; and dome-shaped ARe with a transverse band-like structure (Fig. 5F, H). By contrast, a distinctive posterior edge is absent in O. clavulata (Tong &amp; Li 2011: fig. 7f), and a pair of semicircular sclerotized plates are present instead of the transversely wide sclerotized region in O. okitsui (Fig. 3E, G, arrows); Pr is relatively shorter and wider, situated more anteriorly to AUS in O. clavulata (Tong &amp; Li 2011: fig. 7e), and entirely serrated in O. okitsui (Fig. 3F, H); the posterior region of AUS narrows posteriorly and ARe lacks a transverse band-like structure in O. clavulata and O. okitsui (Tong &amp; Li 2011: fig. 7e; Fig. 3F, H).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (not examined) DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO • ♂; Bandundu, Basoko; Jul. 2009; D. De Bakker leg.; old palm plantation, 60 years old, canopy; BE_RMCA_ARA.Ara.235820.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>JAPAN – Okayama Prefecture • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Tamano-shi, Numa; 13 Oct. 1995; K. Nojima leg.; TKPM-AR 3423 . – Tokushima Prefecture • 1 ♂; Anan-shi, Tatsumi-cho; 2 May 2024; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3424 • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; TKPM-AR 3425 . – Kagoshima Prefecture • 5 ♂♂; 1 ♀; Hioki-shi, Fukiagecho-nakahara, Fukiage-hama Beach; 28 Jul. 2022; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3426 . – Okinawa Prefecture • 2 ♂♂; Aka-jima Island, Shimajiri-gun; Zamami-son, Aka; 16 Mar. 2022; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3427 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (TKPM-AR 3424)</p><p>COLORATION. In ethanol (Fig. 4A–D). Carapace pale yellowish brown with violet-brown net-like markings. Base of eyes black. Clypeus pale yellowish brow. Chelicerae pale yellowish brown. Endites and labium pale yellowish brown with darker margins. Sternum pale yellowish brown, stained with violet-brown spots. Legs pale yellowish brown, lacking annulations. Abdomen dorsally pale yellowish brown, with violet-brown pigmentation and pale inverted V-shaped marking; ventrally pale yellowish brown.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.02. Carapace length 0.53, width 0.40, height 0.25. Eye diameter: ALE 0.065, PME 0.055, PLE 0.048. Length of legs: I 0.46 + 0.14 + 0.50 + 0.46 + 0.21 = 1.77, II 0.45 + 0.14 + 0.47 + 0.42 + 0.18 = 1.66, III 0.31 + 0.12 + 0.30 + 0.25 + 0.17 = 1.15, IV 0.53 +0.15 +0.37 + 0.41 +0.21 =1.67. Abdomen length 0.49, width 0.47, height 0.42.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace longer than wide, length/width = 1.33. Endites longer than wide, modified, divided into outer sclerotized and inner soft regions. Retrolateral margin of outer region curved inwardly, narrowing apically, with serrula; basal part with two setae, outer seta about twice as long as inner one (Fig. 4E–F, arrows). Inner soft region with dense brush-like tuft. Abdomen as long as wide, length / width =1.04.</p><p>PALP. Femur cylindrical. Patella small, triangular. Tibia elliptical, enlarged, length/width=1.60, slightly wider than bulb, tibial width/bulb width=1.10, attached subbasally to patella. Cymbium small, tapering apically. Bulb pear-shaped, length/width= 1.49, moderately concave at middle of posterior margin. Seminal ducts dark-colored, long; four circular loops visible in prolateral view, but third loop (“loop 3”) overlapped by other loops and less conspicuous (Fig. 4L). Four ducts visible in posterior view. Ampulla visible as dark-colored winding marking in retrolateral view (Fig. 4H, N). Embolic region short with wide basal portion, directed inwardly in dorsal view; bifurcated into two parts: thin embolus and sharp appendix (Fig. 4K, M–P, arrow a). Posterior margin of embolic tip bearing membranous part (Fig. 4N–P, arrow b).</p><p>Female (TKMP-AR 3425)</p><p>COLORATION. As in male.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.40. Carapace length 0.61, width 0.45, height 0.27. Eye diameter: ALE 0.059, PME 0.046, PLE 0.045. Length of legs: I 0.38 + 0.12 + 0.33 + 0.37 + 0.13 = 1.33, II 0.40 + 0.11 + 0.36 + 0.40 + 0.15 = 1.42, III 0.30 + 0.11 + 0.19 + 0.23 + 0.16 = 0.99, IV 0.45 +0.10 +0.26 + 0.29 +0.16 =1.26. Abdomen length 0.71, width 0.62, height 0.61.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace oval, longer than wide, length/width = 1.36. Endites pentagonal, elongate, bearing blackish serrula with fine serration on anterolateral margin (Fig. 5D). Abdomen oval, longer than wide, length/width =1.15.</p><p>GENITALIA. External genitalia (Fig. 5E, G). AUS visible as dark-brown, oval marking on anteromesial region of genital area. Posterior region beyond epigastric furrow sclerotized, forming distinctive posterior edge (Fig. 5G, arrow). Internal genitalia (Fig. 5F, H). AUS oval; posterior portion continuously wide. Pr short, directed posterolaterally; distal end serrated. ARe developed, dome-shaped, with transverse, band-shaped structure on posterior region. Dc absent.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Nigeria, Congo, Yemen, Japan: western Honshu, Shikoku, southern Kyushu and the Nansei Islands (Fig. 14).</p><p>Ecology</p><p>In Japan, this species inhabits grasslands in coastal zones and estuaries.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFFA5804FDD27BFCFBD6FA61	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFFE5819FD8A78D3FE20F80F.text	03A287BCFFFE5819FD8A78D3FE20F80F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina saltitans Banks 1894	<div><p>Orchestina saltitans Banks, 1894</p><p>Figs 6–9B, 14</p><p>Orchestina saltitans Banks, 1894: 300 (description of ♀ from the United States, New York, Sea Cliff).</p><p>Orchestina flagella – Saaristo &amp; van Harten, 2006: 145, figs 52, 53a–b, 54 (descriptions of ♂ ♀ from Yemen). Syn. nov.</p><p>Orchestina saltitans – Emerton 1909: 214, pl. 1 fig. 4 (description of ♂). — Dalmas 1916: 239, figs 24–25, 35–36 (♂). — Petrunkevitch 1920: 158, pl. 9 figs 1–9 (♂); Kaston 1938: 12 (♀). — Comstock 1940: 311, fig. 290 (♂). — Izquierdo &amp; Ramírez 2017: 33, figs 12a–g, 16g –i, 18e, 19e, 20l–m, 22a (♂ ♀).</p><p>Gamasomorpha cataphracta – Yaginuma 1986: 28, fig. 16.9 (♂). Miscaptioned and misidentified.</p><p>Orchestina saltabunda – Petrunkevitch 1910: 207, pl. 21 figs 2–3 (♂). Misidentified.</p><p>Orchestina flagella – Saaristo &amp; Marusik 2009: 72, figs 31–32 (♂).</p><p>Orchestina okitsui – Shinkai &amp; Tanikawa 2015: 11 (♂). — Hiramatsu &amp; Shimada 2020: 135 (♂). — Watanabe 2021: 2, 9, 26, fig. 6 (♂). — Suzuki 2024: 86, figs 1–3 (♂). All misidentified.</p><p>New Japanese name イエハネグ± (Ie-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of O. saltitans resemble those of O. obscura Chamberlin &amp; Ivie, 1942 and O. utahana Chamberlin &amp; Ivie, 1935 in somatic coloration, markings, and the general appearance of the palp, but can be readily distinguished by the absence of a conical projection on the promargin of the chelicerae (Fig. 6D), which is present in O. obscura and O. utahana (Izquierdo &amp; Ramírez 2017: fig. 5b), and by the long embolus (Fig. 6H, K), which is comparatively shorter in O. obscura and O. utahana (Izquierdo &amp; Ramírez 2017: fig. 15a–c, g–i).</p><p>Females of O. saltitans resemble those of O. microfoliata Henrard &amp; Jocqué, 2012 in having a long and slender AUS as well as lacking external pockets and Dc, but can be distinguished by the following characteristics: relatively more anterior position of the Pr and the narrower anterior and posterior ends of the AUS in O. saltitans (Fig. 7F, H), whereas in O. microfoliata, the Pr is situated more posteriorly and the AUS remains nearly constant in width (Henrard &amp; Jocqué 2012: figs 519–521).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (not examined) UNITED STATES OF AMERICA • ♀; New York, Sea Cliff; Jul. 1894; MCZ 22976, PBI_OON 42750.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>JAPAN – Aomori Prefecture • 1 ♀; Hirosaki-shi, Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki University; 29 Oct. 2025; S. Mishima, K. Narita and M. Nakayama leg.; SMPC-1143 . – Saitama Prefecture • 1 ♂; Yashioshi, Yashio; 17 Nov. 2025; N. Hidaka leg.; RHPC-1419 . – Chiba Prefecture • 1 ♂; Ichikawa-shi, Minamiono; 23 Oct. 2022; R. Serita leg.; TKPM-AR 3567 . – Kanagawa Prefecture • 1 ♂; Sagamihara-shi, Minami-ku, Nishionuma; 18 Aug. 2000; S. Okawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3428 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 25 Aug. 2000; S. Okawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3429 . – Ibaraki Prefecture • 1 ♂; Tsukuba-shi, Tennodai; date unknown; Y. Suzuki leg.; YSPC-Op-2 . – Okayama Prefecture • 1 ♂; Kasaoka-shi, Kasaoka; 5 May 2024; K. Nojima leg.; TKPM-AR 3430 • 1 ♀; same data as for preceding; TKPM-AR 3431 • 2 ♂♂, 6 ♀♀; same data as for preceding; TKPM-AR 3432 . – Tottori Prefecture • 1 ♀; Tottorishi, Yoshikata; 10 Apr. 2025; Y. Obae leg.; TKPM-AR 3433 .</p><p>Material previously misidentified as Orchestina okitsui</p><p>JAPAN – Akita Prefecture • 1 ♂; Akita-shi; 15 Oct. 2008; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 21320 • 1 juvenile; same locality as for preceding; 21 Jun. 2004; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 21330 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 1 Sep. 2008; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 21331 • 1 ♂; Akita-shi, Yokomori; 8 Aug. 1998; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 25022 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 1 Nov. 1999; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 25023 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 14 Sep. 2003; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 25024 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 4 Sep. 2000; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 25025 • 1 juvenile; Akita-shi, Kamikitatesaruta, Ushiroyachi; 22 Jun. 2003; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 25039 • 1 ♂; Akita-shi, Sannai, Ichioji; 2 May 2004; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 25050 . – Chiba Prefecture • 1 ♂; Kashiwa-shi, Nedo; 25 Sep. 1999; H. Ono leg.; NSMT-Ar 5851 . – Kanagawa Prefecture • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Sagamihara-shi; 31 Aug. 2001; H. Okawa leg.; NSMT-Ar 12204 • 1 ♀; Sagamihara-shi, Nishioonuma; 23 Jun. 1999; H. Ono leg.; NSMT-Ar 11229 . – Saitama Prefecture • 1 ♂; Hannou-shi, Iwasawa; 7 Nov. 2019; J. Shimada leg.; JSPC-31-25 . – Nagano Prefecture • 1 ♂; Iida-shi, Tatsue, Ikenotaira; 15 Sep. 2016; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 16082 . – Tokushima Prefecture • 1 ♂; Tokushima-shi, Hachiman-cho, Mukouterayama, Tokushima Prefectural Museum; 23 Oct.–26 Nov. 2023; T. Ueji leg.; collected with a sticky trap; TKPM-AR 3184 . – Fukuoka Prefecture • 1 ♂; Fukuoka-shi, Higashi-ku, Hakozaki; 13 Dec. 2014; T. Komatsu leg.; reported by Shinkai &amp; Tanikawa (2015), identified with a photograph .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (TKPM-AR 3430)</p><p>COLORATION. In ethanol (Fig. 6A–D). Carapace yellowish brown with violet-brown net-like markings. Base of eyes dark violet-brown. Clypeus violet-brown. Chelicerae, endites, labium and sternum pale, stained with violet-brown spots. Legs pale yellowish brown, without annulations. Abdomen dorsally pale yellowish brown, with dark violet-brown pigmentation and pale inverted V-shaped marking; ventrally pale. Live specimen (Fig. 9B). Carapace yellowish brown, net-like marking clearly visible. Legs pale yellowish brown, abdomen dark violet-brown.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.10. Carapace length 0.50, width 0.40, height 0.22. Eye diameter: ALE 0.068, PME 0048, PLE 0.048. Length of legs: I 0.47 + 0.15 + 0.46 + 0.40 + 0.21 = 1.69, II 0.42 + 0.14 + 0.43 + 0.29 + 0.16 = 1.44, III 0.35 + 0.12 + 0.26 + 0.26 + 0.15 = 1.14, IV 0.52 +0.16 +0.35 + 0.41 +0.17 =1.61. Abdomen length 0.54, width 051, height 0.44.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace longer than wide, length/width = 1.25. Chelicerae longer than wide, without apophyses. Endites longer than wide, rounded, bearing row of brush-like hairs on anterior margin (Fig. 6E–F). Abdomen globular, as long as wide, length/width =1.06.</p><p>PALP. Femur cylindrical. Patella small, oval. Tibia elliptical, enlarged, length/width =1.77, attached basally to patella. Cymbium rounded. Bulb globular, conspicuously enlarged, length/width= 1.24, wider than tibia, bulb width/tibial width =1.57, tapering toward embolic part. Embolus bristle-like, long, curved, directed prolaterally in dorsal view in left palp (Fig. 6H, K). Ampulla visible as dark-colored thumb-shaped marking in retrolateral view. Seminal duct thin, with simple trajectory, inconspicuous in most part (Fig. 6G, J).</p><p>Female (TKPM-AR 3431)</p><p>COLORATION. As in male.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.26. Carapace length 0.50, width 0.38, height 0.18. Eye diameter: ALE 0.061, PME 0.051, PLE 0.045. Length of legs: I 0.44 + 0.13 + 0.33 + 0.31 + 0.14 = 1.35, II 0.37 + 0.11 + 0.29 + 0.28 + 0.14 = 1.19, III 0.31 + 0.11 + 0.24 + 0.19 + 0.13 = 0.98, IV 0.48 +0.13 +0.28 + 0.38 +0.17 =1.44. Abdomen length 0.68, width 0.62, height 0.55.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace oval, longer than wide, length/width =1.32. Endites unmodified, rounded, longer than wide, bearing row of brush-like hairs on anterior margins. Abdomen oval, slightly longer than wide, length/width= 1.1.</p><p>GENITALIA. External genitalia (Fig. 7E, G). AUS visible as thin, dark, longitudinal line; posterior end darkly pigmented and sclerotized. Posterior part of genitalia membranous, appearing as glossy transverse area. Internal genitalia (Fig. 7F, H). AUS long, thin, tubular, with narrower anterior and posterior terminals. Pr short, thin with wide terminals, situated anterior part of AUS. Ex crescent-shaped.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>USA, Yemen, Japan: Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu (presumably introduced; Fig. 14).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Although Izquierdo &amp; Ramírez (2017) stated that the holotype of O. saltitans is a male, the original description indicates that it is female (Banks 1894).</p><p>It should be noted that the figure of the male palp of “ O. okitsui ” (actually a misidentification of O. saltitans) in Yaginuma (1986) was incorrectly labeled as Gamasomorpha cataphracta Karsch, 1881 ( Araneae: Oonopidae) (Fig. 8; Table 2; Yaginuma 1986: fig. 16.9p). Some records of O. okitsui from Japan (Shinkai &amp; Tanikawa 2015; Hiramatsu &amp; Shimada 2020; Watanabe 2021; Suzuki 2024), probably identified following Yaginuma (1986), are shown to be misidentifications of O. saltitans based on examination of voucher specimens.</p><p>Based on their consistent genital morphologies, O. flagella Saaristo &amp; van Harten, 2006 is herein regarded as a junior synonym of O. saltitans (= O. flagella syn. nov.) (Figs 6–7 vs Saaristo &amp; van Harten 2006: figs 53–54).</p><p>Ecology</p><p>Orchestina saltitans is a synanthropic species, inhabiting indoor environments.</p><p>DNA sequences</p><p>COI (431 bp): see Table 1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFFE5819FD8A78D3FE20F80F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFE4581CFDDE7C1FFB5CFE04.text	03A287BCFFE4581CFDDE7C1FFB5CFE04.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina colubrina Liu, Henrard & Xu 2019	<div><p>Orchestina colubrina Liu, Henrard &amp; Xu, 2019</p><p>Figs 10, 14</p><p>Orchestina colubrina Liu, Henrard &amp; Xu in Liu et al., 2019: 246, figs 10a–h, 11a–f (description of ♀ from Jiangxi Province, China).</p><p>Orchestina colubrina – Song et al. 2024: 258, figs 2a–f, 3a–i, 7e–f (♀, description of ♂).</p><p>New Japanese name アゴトĪハネグ± (Agotoge-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of O. colubrina closely resemble those of O. multipunctata Liu, Xiao &amp; Xu, 2016 in having a strongly swollen palpal tibia, a thin embolus, endites with a spine-like anterior extension, six long setae on the anterior margin of chelicerae and similar modified setae on the labium. However, they can be distinguished by the triangle-shaped bulb in O. colubrina (Fig. 10G–H, J–K), whereas drop-shaped in O. multipunctata (Liu et al. 2016: fig. 8h–i, 10d–e), labium bearing five twisted, leaf-shaped setae in O. colubrina (Fig. 10D–E), whereas in O. multipunctata, labium bears four flattened, leaf-shaped setae, and one small flattened seta (Liu et al. 2016: fig. 10b).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (not examined) CHINA • ♀; Jiangxi Province, Ji’an City, Jinggangshan County Level City, Ciping Town, Xingzhou Village; 3 Oct. 2015; K. Liu et al. leg.; ASM-JGSU OON75.</p><p>Paratype (not examined) CHINA • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; ASM-JGSU OON76 .</p><p>Material examined</p><p>JAPAN – Okinawa Prefecture • 1 ♂; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Iriomote, Hoshidate; 28 Mar. 1988; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3506 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (TKPM-AR 3506)</p><p>COLORATION. In ethanol (Fig. 10A–C). Carapace pale yellowish brown, covered with dark brown net-like markings, margins darker. Base of eyes black. Chelicerae, endites and labium pale yellowish brown. Legs pale yellowish white, without annulations. Sternum pale yellowish brown with dark brown spots. Abdomen pale yellowish white with dark brown stains, bearing inverted V-shaped pale marking on dorsum.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.21. Carapace length 0.54, width 0.46, height 1.98. Eye diameter: ALE 0.048, PME 0.059, PLE 0.044. Abdomen length 0.63, width 0.47, height 0.45.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace oval, longer than wide, length/width =1.17. Endites longer than wide, bearing spine-like extension on anterior margin (Fig. 10D–E, arrows). Labium longer than wide, with two lateral conical extension on anterior margin and five twisted, leaf-shaped macroseta on ventral surface (Fig. 10D–E). Abdomen oval, longer than wide, length/width= 1.34.</p><p>PALP. Femur cylindrical. Patella small, rounded. Tibia enlarged, length/width =1.38, wider than bulb, tibial width/bulb width=1.36, attached subbasally to patella. Cymbium small, rounded. Bulb triangular. Seminal duct thin, largely inconspicuous. Ampulla appearing as finger-shaped marking in retrolateral view (Fig. 10J). Embolus thin, moderately long, slightly curved, directed prolaterally in dorsal view in left palp (Fig. 10F, I).</p><p>For further details, see Liu et al. (2019).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>China, Japan: Iriomote-jima Island (Fig. 14).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>Liu et al. (2016) stated that three pairs of dark spots on the posteroventral region of the abdomen are unique to O. multipunctata (Liu et al. 2016: fig. 10c) and distinguish it from other species including O. colubrina . However, these spots appear to represent internal pigmentation, probably corresponding to parts of internal organs visible through the semi-transparent exoskeleton. Therefore, it remains unclear whether these spots constitute stable diagnostic characters for species delimitation.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFE4581CFDDE7C1FFB5CFE04	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFE65813FD8F7F32FC62FD7A.text	03A287BCFFE65813FD8F7F32FC62FD7A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina pavesii (Simon 1873)	<div><p>Orchestina pavesii (Simon, 1873)</p><p>Figs 11–12, 14</p><p>Schoenobates pavesii Simon, 1873: 45, pl. 1 figs 29–31 (description of ♂ ♀ from Corsica, France).</p><p>Orchestina pavesii – Simon 1882: 237; 1893: 291, figs 251–253, 259, 265 (♂). — Dalmas 1916: 222, figs 7–8, 10, 15 (♂ ♀). — Brignoli 1967a: 146, fig. 4 (♂); 1967b: 363, figs 10–11, 18–37 (♂ ♀). — Melic 1994: 114, figs 9–11 (♂ ♀). — Pekár &amp; Gajdoš 2001: 51, figs 1–4 (♂ ♀). — Saaristo 2001: 355, fig. 183b (♂); 2007: 125, figs 17, 19 (♂ ♀); 2010: 147, fig. 183b (♂). — Saaristo &amp; Marusik 2004: 52, figs 10–15 (♂ ♀). — Lazarov 2005: 147, figs 2–3 (♂). — Saaristo &amp; van Harten 2006: 152, figs 72–73 (♂ ♀). — Le Peru 2011: 306, fig. 532 (♂ ♀).</p><p>New Japanese name チチュウカイハネグ± (Chichûkai-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Both sexes of Orchestina pavesii closely resemble those of O. pavesiiformis Saaristo, 2007, but can be differentiated by somatic coloration and markings: in O. pavesii, the body is pale yellowish white to nearly white and lacks conspicuous markings on the dorsal abdomen (Figs 11A–C, 12A– C), whereas in O. pavesiiformis, the body is yellowish brown with pale inverted V-shaped marking on the dorsal abdomen (Izquierdo &amp; Ramirez 2017: fig. 11 vs Brescovit et al. 2019: figs 49–50). Males can be distinguished by a small, spatulate apophysis on the anterior margin of the endites in O. pavesii (Fig. 11D–E), which is slender and less conspicuous in O. pavesiiformis (Saaristo 2007: fig. 20); and by the embolus, whose two apical extensions are markedly shorter in O. pavesii than in O. pavesiiformis (Saaristo 2007: figs 19 vs 18). Females can be differentiated by the shape of the external pockets: in O. pavesii, the lateral regions of the pockets form shallow, laterally directed invaginations (Fig. 12E–F), whereas in O. pavesiiformis, the anterolateral regions of the pockets form anteriorly directed invaginations (Izquierdo &amp; Ramirez 2017: fig. 19g; Brescovit et al. 2019: fig. 52). They can also be distinguished by the apodeme: in O. pavesii, a small T-shaped apodeme is visible beyond the external pockets (Fig. 12E, arrow), whereas in O. pavesiiformis, a conspicuous, large V-shaped apodeme is present (Brescovit et al. 2019: fig. 52).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Syntypes (not examined) FRANCE • ♂ ♀; Corsica; deposition uncertain but presumed to be in MNHN .</p><p>Material examined</p><p>JAPAN – Saitama Prefecture • 1 ♀; Yoshikawa-shi; 6 Sep. 2022; A. Kikuchi leg.; AKPC . – Okayama Prefecture • 1 ♂; Okayama-shi, Kita-ku, Toiya-cho; 10 Sep. 2021; K. Nojima leg.; TKPM-AR 3504 . – Fukuoka Prefecture • 1 ♀; Itoshima-shi, Tomari; 6 Nov. 2024; S. Iwanaga leg.; TKPM-AR 3505 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Male (TKPM-AR 3504)</p><p>COLORATION. In ethanol (Fig. 11A–C). Body and legs entirely pale yellowish white, without conspicuous markings. Base of eyes black.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 0.95. Carapace length 0.51, width 0.34, height 0.21. Eye diameter: ALE 0.040, PME 0.059, PLE 0.043. Abdomen length 0.44, width 0.44, height 0.41.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace longer than wide, length/width = 1.50. Endites longer than wide, bearing brush-like hairs on apical inner region and small spatulate apophysis on apical margin (Fig. 11D–E arrows). Labium rectangle with two lateral conical extensions on anterior margin (Fig. 11D–E). Abdomen as long as wide, length/width =1.00.</p><p>PALP. Femur cylindrical. Patella rounded. Tibia inflated, length/width ratio = 1.33; as wide as the bulb, bulb width/tibial width = 1.02; attached basally to the cymbium. Cymbium longer than wide, rounded. Basal part of bulb globular, narrowing toward the embolic region. Seminal duct thin, mostly inconspicuous. Ampulla visible as an L-shaped dark marking in retrolateral view (Fig. 11F–H). Embolic region winding, with the tip modified into two parts: a sharp, curved embolic tip and a small, pointed ventral apophysis at the posterior end (Fig. 11H, arrow).</p><p>Female (TKPM-AR 3505)</p><p>COLORATION. As in male (Fig. 12A–C).</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.40. Carapace length 0.57, width 0.43, height 0.18. Abdomen length 0.82, width 0.62, height 0.60.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace longer than wide, length/width =1.33. Endites and labium unmodified, rounded (Fig. 12D). Abdomen longer than wide, length/width=1.32.</p><p>GENITALIA. External genitalia (Fig. 12E–F). Genital area wider than long. External genital pockets transversely wide and largely fused, forming single pocket with shallow, laterally directed invaginations. AUS visible as reddish-brown marking in middle region of genitalia. Apodeme present as small, T-shaped marking beyond external pockets.</p><p>For further details, see Brignoli (1967b), Saaristo (2007) and Saaristo &amp; Marusik (2004).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Canary Is., Southwest Europe to Greece, Bulgaria, Algeria, Egypt, Yemen, Japan (probably introduced; Fig. 14).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The modification of the endites in O. pavesii, which may exhibit species-specific morphology, has neither been illustrated in the original description (Simon 1873) nor in subsequent publications (e.g., Simon 1893; Dalmas 1916; Brignoli 1967b; Saaristo &amp; Marusik 2004; Saaristo 2007, 2010). Therefore, it cannot be excluded that records of “ O. pavesii ” published after the original description including the present study, may involve undescribed species resembling O. pavesii in genital morphology. In this study, the Japanese specimens are tentatively assigned to O. pavesii, pending a comprehensive taxonomic revision of this species.</p><p>Ecology</p><p>Orchestina pavesii spiders inhabit indoor environments in Japan.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFE65813FD8F7F32FC62FD7A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFE95816FDAA7FCBFA8FFDC0.text	03A287BCFFE95816FDAA7FCBFA8FFDC0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina nojimai Suzuki 2026	<div><p>Orchestina nojimai sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 62D10A3A-04A9-43EC-ABFE-E9CD6156E47E</p><p>Figs 13–14</p><p>New Japanese name</p><p>ノジマハネグ± (Nojima-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Females of Orchestina nojimai sp. nov. resemble those of O. utahana Chamberlin &amp; Ivie, 1935, O. moaba Chamberlin &amp; Ivie, 1935, and O. quasimodo Izquierdo, 2017 in having a pair of external pockets situated beyond the AUS, a longitudinally elongate, thumb-shaped AUS, and a trumpet-shaped genital opening surrounded by sclerotized ridges. However, they can be clearly distinguished by the pockets, which possess deep, mesially directed invaginations with the internal walls mostly juxtaposed (Fig. 13F–J), whereas in O. utahana, O. moaba, and O. quasimodo the invaginations are shallow, and the pockets remain separated (Izquierdo &amp; Ramírez 2017: fig. 18a–c). Females of O. nojimai also resemble those of O. iemanja Izquierdo, 2017, but differ in having pockets with deep, mesially directed invaginations and juxtaposed internal walls (Fig. 13F–J), whereas in O. iemanja the invaginations are shallow, the pockets are clearly separated, the Pr is situated at the apical region of the AUS, and the genital opening is inconspicuous (Izquierdo &amp; Ramírez 2017: figs 135d, 138c).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype JAPAN • ♀; Kurashiki-shi, Mabi-cho, Yata; 14 Jun. 2011; K. Nojima leg.; ivy entangled in stone walls; NSMT-Ar 26615.</p><p>Paratypes JAPAN • 2 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; TKPM-AR 3507 .</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific name is dedicated to Mr Koichi Nojima who discovered the new species.</p><p>Description</p><p>Female (NSMT-Ar 26615)</p><p>COLORATION. In ethanol (Fig. 13A–D). Carapace pale yellowish brown, with radial rows of dark brown spots; margins darker. Base of eyes black. Chelicerae, endites, labium and sternum pale yellowish brown. Legs pale yellowish brown, without annulations. Abdomen pale yellowish white, with violet stains posterodorsally; ventrally pale yellowish white.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.68. Carapace length 0.70, width 0.54, height 0.22. Eye diameter: ALE 0.053, PME 0.058, PLE 0.061. Length of legs: I 0.50 + 0.20 + 0.54 + 0.56 + 0.22 = 2.02, II 0.47 + 0.18 + 0.51 + 0.48 + 0.23 = 1.87, III 0.37 + 0.13 + 0.29 + 0.37 + 0.20 = 1.36, IV 0.64 +0.21 +0.43 + 0.59 +0.25 =2.12. Abdomen length 0.92, width 0.84, height 0.67.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHPLOGY. Carapace oval, longer than wide, length/width = 1.30. Endites unmodified, bearing brush-like hairs on anterior inner margin. Abdomen oval, slightly longer than wide, length/width=1.10.</p><p>GENITALIA. External genitalia (Fig. 13F–G). Two pockets situated beyond AUS, each pocket with circular opening and deep elliptical invagination directed mesially, inner walls close together, mostly juxtaposed. AUS visible as reddish-brown marking. Copulatory opening situated posteriorly, with trumpet-shaped sclerotized margin. Internal genitalia (Fig. 13H–J). AUS thumb-shaped, darker anteriorly, with short and thin Pr directed laterally. Ex feather-shaped.</p><p>Male</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Japan (only known from the type locality; Fig. 14).</p><p>Ecology</p><p>Specimens of O. nojimai sp. nov. were collected from vine plants on a stone wall at the type locality.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFE95816FDAA7FCBFA8FFDC0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFEC582BFDAA7F71FE38FB5A.text	03A287BCFFEC582BFDAA7F71FE38FB5A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina flava Ono 2005	<div><p>Orchestina flava Ono, 2005</p><p>Figs 15–18, 21A–B, 22</p><p>Orchestina flava Ono, 2005: 38, figs 1–10 (descriptions of ♂ ♀ from Okinoerabu-jima Is., Kagoshima, Japan).</p><p>Orchestina flava – Ono 2009: 101, figs 5–11 (♂ ♀); 2011: 440–441, figs 11–12 (♀). — Suzuki, Hidaka &amp; Tatsuta 2023: 239, figs 10f–l (♂ ♀).</p><p>Japanese name</p><p>キハネグ± (Ki-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Males of O. flava closely resemble those of Orchestina sinensis Xu, 1987 in the shape of the palp, but can be distinguished by the trajectory of the seminal duct: two loops are visible between the inner S-shaped loop and the outer duct in O. flava (Fig. 15G, K), whereas three loops are visible in O. sinensis (Xu 1987: fig. 6). In addition, the tip of the embolus directs prolaterally in dorsal view in O. flava (Fig. 15I, M), but is almost straight in O. sinensis (Xu 1987: fig. 5).</p><p>Females of O. flava resemble those of O. aureola Tong &amp; Li, 2011 in habitus and in having a thin Dc, but can be distinguished by details of the internal genitalia: in O. flava, the AUS is bell-shaped, with the anterior part covered with tubercles; the Pr directs anterolaterally, and its tip is wrinkled (Fig. 17E, G–H, J). In contrast, in O. aureola, the AUS is elliptical, the Pr directs posterolaterally, and its tip is truncate and serrated (Tong &amp; Li 2011: fig. 6f).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (examined) JAPAN – Kagoshima Prefecture • ♂; Okinoerabu-jima Island, China-cho; 20 Jan. 2005; H. Ono leg.; NSMT-Ar 5674.</p><p>Allotype (examined) JAPAN • 1 ♀; same data as for holotype; NSMT-Ar 5675.</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>JAPAN – Kagoshima Prefecture • 2 ♂♂, 8♀♀; Yakushima Island, Kumage-gun, Yakushima-cho, Koseda; 23 Sep. 2021; F. Ballarin leg.; broadleaf forest litter; FBPC-FBOono020 • 1 ♀; Tokunoshima Island, Oshima-gun, Amagi-cho, Nishiagina; 29 Mar. 2018; T. Suguro leg.; TKPM-AR 3434 . – Okinawa Prefecture • 1 ♀; Okinawa-jima Island, Kunigami-gun, Kunigami-son, Yona; 19 Mar. 2022; Y. Suzuki leg.; YSPC-Op-3 • 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; Nanjo-shi, Tamagusuku, Itokazu; 8 Jan. 2024; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3435 • 3 ♂♂; Aka-jima Island, Shimajiri-gun, Zamami-son, Aka; 16 Mar. 2022; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3436 • 1 ♂, 1♀; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Uehara; 3 Nov. 2021; Y. Suzuki leg.; NSMT-Ar 21924 • 3 ♀♀; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Uehara, Funaura; 1 Jan. 1987; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3437 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 31 Mar. 1989; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3438 • 3 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 29 Mar. 1989; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3439 • 1 ♂, 9 ♀♀; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Takana, Komi; 27 Mar. 1987; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3440 • 2 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 6 Aug. 1987; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3441 • 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 20 Aug. 1987; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3442 • 4 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 3 Jan. 1988; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3443 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 31 Dec. 1988; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3444 • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 28 Mar. 1989; TKPM-AR 3445 • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 30 Dec. 1989; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3446 • 3 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 1 May 1990; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3447 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 1 Jan. 1991; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3448 • 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 1 Jan. 1991; TKPM-AR 3449 • 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 24 Dec. 1991; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3450 • 4 ♀♀; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Ohara; 27 Dec. 1985; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3451 • 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 30 Mar. 1986; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3452 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 2 Jan. 1989; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3453 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 30 Mar. 1989; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3454 • 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 30 Apr. 1990; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3455 • 1 ♀; 24 Dec. 1991; same locality as for preceding; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3456 • 1 ♀; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Haiminaka, Otomi; 28 Mar. 1987; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3457 • 2 ♂♂; same locality as for preceding; 4 Jan. 1988; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3458 • 3 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 30 Mar. 1989; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3459 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 30 Apr. 1990; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3460 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 2 Jan. 1991; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3461 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 23 Jun. 1991; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3462 • 3 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 25 Nov. 1991; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3463 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 12 Dec. 1992; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3464 • 1 ♂; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Iriomote, Shirahama; 11 Aug. 1985; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3465 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 31 Dec. 1986; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3466 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 27 Dec.1987; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3467 • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 3 May 1990; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3468 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 24 Dec. 1990; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3469 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 26 Dec. 1991; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3470 • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Sonai; 1 Apr. 1986; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3471 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 1 Jan. 1987; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3472 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 30 Mar. 1998; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3473 • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 28 Mar. 1989; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3474 • 1 ♂; same locality as for preceding; 25 Dec. 1990; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3475 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 26 Dec. 1991; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3476 • 1♂; same locality as for preceding; 5 Jan. 1992; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3477 • 1 ♀; Iriomote-jima Island, Yaeyama-gun, Taketomi-cho, Iriomote, Urauchi; 28 Dec. 1987; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3478 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 28 Mar. 1988; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3479 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 25 Dec. 1990; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3480 • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 23 Dec. 1991; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3481 . – Tokyo • 1 ♀; Ototo-jima Island, Ai-no-sawa; 23 Sep. 2024; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3482 • 1 ♀; Ototo-jima Island, Mt. Hirone-yama; 20 Oct. 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3564 • 2 ♀♀; Chichi-jima Island, Mt. Akahata-yama; 9 Aug. 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3510 • 1 ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Mt. Chuo-san; 5 Nov. 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3561 • 1 ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Sakaiura; 21 Nov. 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3562 • 1 ♀; Haha-jima Island, Mt. Kuwanoki-yama; 29 Sep. 2024; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3487 • 1 ♀; Haha-jima Island, Koumoridani; 4 May 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3488 .</p><p>Description</p><p>See Ono (2005) and Suzuki et al. (2023).</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Japan: the Nansei Islands and the Ogasawara Islands (new record; Fig. 22); Korea (uncertain record).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>The reexamination of the holotype confirmed the presence of a small triangular appendix on the basal region of the lateral margin of endites (Fig. 16A–B), which was not illustrated in the original description (Ono 2005).</p><p>There are some records of O. flava from Honshu (Hatsushiba &amp; Kono 2009; Saitama City 2021), Shikoku (Shinkai &amp; Tanikawa 2009), and mainland Kyushu (Irie 2006). However, the specimens reported from Saitama Prefecture, Honshu by Saitama City (2021) were later reidentified as O. sanguinea, based on a voucher specimen (Arai 2026). In addition, based on field surveys and examination of specimens, O. flava was only obtained from the Nansei Islands and the Ogasawara Islands (Fig. 22). Therefore, these records are highly likely to represent misidentifications of O. sanguinea .</p><p>Although O. flava has also been recorded from Korea based on female and male specimens collected on Hwataedo Island (Korea National Park Research Institute 2019; Lee et al. 2024), the genitalia of those specimens were not illustrated; instead, an illustration of the male palp of O. flava from Japan (Ono 2009) was reproduced. Given that the confirmed distribution of O. flava in Japan is mostly restricted to subtropical regions of the southern islands (Fig. 22), the Korean record is likely to represent a misidentification. Accordingly, this record is regarded as doubtful, and re-examination of the voucher specimens is strongly recommended.</p><p>Ecology</p><p>Orchestina flava inhabits litter layers and bushes in forests.</p><p>DNA sequences</p><p>COI (431bp): see Table 1.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFEC582BFDAA7F71FE38FB5A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFD1582EFDB379E9FEECFE50.text	03A287BCFFD1582EFDB379E9FEECFE50.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina insulana Suzuki 2026	<div><p>Orchestina insulana sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E5997317-FADC-4A69-B6BB-4FDABEC00CDF</p><p>Figs 19, 21C, 22</p><p>New Japanese name ウナバŪハネグ± (Unabara-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Females of Orchestina insulana sp. nov. resemble those of O. flava, O. sanguinea, and O. aureola in general appearance and genital morphology, but can be distinguished by the longitudinally short, transversely wide, garlic-shaped AUS with a serrated apical margin (Fig. 19G, K), whereas the AUS is longitudinally longer in O. flava, O. sanguinea, and O. aureola (Figs 17E, G–H, J, 20F, H; Tong &amp; Li 2011: fig. 6f). Orchestina insulana sp. nov. and O. sanguinea closely resemble each other in somatic coloration of live specimens (Fig. 21C vs D), but they can be readily distinguished by the genital surface, which is covered with long, sparse fine hairs in O. insulana sp. nov., versus covered with dense short hairs in O. sanguinea (Figs 19F, J vs 20E, G).</p><p>Etymology</p><p>The specific epithet means “island” in Latin and is derived from the habitat of the new species, the oceanic islands.</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype JAPAN – Tokyo • ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Tatsumidani; 19 Oct. 2024; Y. Hisasue leg.; NSMT-Ar 26613.</p><p>Paratypes JAPAN – Tokyo • 1 ♀; Ototo-jima Island, Ai-no-sawa; 19 Oct. 2025, Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3563 • 1 ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Ogaguwa-no-mori; 30 Jul. 2023; Y. Hisasue leg.; NSMT-Ar 26614 • 1 ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Mt. Mikazuki-yama; 29 Feb. 2024; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3483 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 10 Oct. 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3560 • 1 ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Renju-dani; 8 Mar. 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3485 • 1 ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Tatsumidani; 25 Jan. 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3486 • 1 ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Nagatani; 23 Feb. 2025; N. Tsuji leg.; TKPM-AR 3508 • 1 ♀; Chichi-jima Island, Higashidaira; 2 Aug. 2025; Y. Hisasue leg.; TKPM-AR 3509 • 1 ♀; Haha-jima Island, Nakanotaira; 20 Jun. 2025; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3489 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>JAPAN – Tokushima Prefecture • 1 ♀; Tokushima-shi, Okizuka, Hachiman-cho, Okizuka, Sonose-gawa River; 3 Jul. 2023; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3490 .</p><p>Description</p><p>Female (NSMT-Ar 26613)</p><p>COLORATION. In ethanol (Fig. 19A–C). Entire body part pale yellowish white. Base of eyes dark brown. Abdomen darker posterodorsally. Live specimen (Fig. 21C). Carapace orange. Legs and abdomen pale yellowish white.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace oval, longer than wide, length/width = 1.35. Endites pentagonal, elongate, bearing blackish serrula with fine serration on anterolateral margin (Fig. 19D–E). Abdomen as long as wide, length/width =1.00, bearing long fine hairs ventrally.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.18. Carapace length 0.62, width 0.46, height 0.24. Eye diameter: ALE 0.048, PME 0.059, PLE 0.056. Length of legs: I 0.42 + 0.14 + 0.38 + 0.27 + 0.14 = 1.35, II 0.49 + 0.15 + 0.48 + 0.46 + 0.14 = 1.72, III 0.29 + 0.13 + 0.25 + 0.27 + 0.11 = 1.05, IV 0.45 +0.13 +0.31 + 0.34 +0.18 =1.41. Abdomen length 0.57, width 0.57, height 0.47.</p><p>GENITALIA. External genitalia (Fig. 19F, H, J). Genital surface covered with long, sparse, fine hairs. AUS visible as yellowish-brown, rounded marking on posteromesial region. Dc visible as thin, longitudinal line. Internal genitalia (Fig. 19G, I, K). AUS garlic-shaped, wider than long, with serrated apical margin. Pr directed anterolaterally, slightly curved, with moderately wrinkled tip.</p><p>Male</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Japan: the Ogasawara Islands (Chichi-jima, Ototo-jima and Haha-jima islands), Shikoku (Fig. 22).</p><p>Ecology</p><p>Orchestina insulana is collected from litter layers and bushes in forests in the Ogasawara islands. In Tokushima Prefecture, Shikoku, it was collected from a grassland at an estuary.</p><p>DNA sequences</p><p>COI (431 bp): see Table 1.</p><p>16S rDNA (391 bp): LC913573 (TKPM-AR 3560), LC913574 (TKPM-AR 3563), LC913575 (TKPM-AR 3489).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFD1582EFDB379E9FEECFE50	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
03A287BCFFD45822FD837CE2FC62FA91.text	03A287BCFFD45822FD837CE2FC62FA91.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Orchestina sanguinea Oi 1955	<div><p>Orchestina sanguinea Oi, 1955</p><p>Figs 20, 21D, 22</p><p>Orchestina sanguinea Oi, 1955: 41, figs 1–5 (description of ♀ from Osaka, Japan).</p><p>Orchestina sanguinea – Ono 2009: 102, figs 12–13 (♀). — Suzuki 2019: 82, fig. 11a–b (♀); 2020: 64, fig. 1 (♀). — Hidaka et al. 2026: 62–63, figs 1–2 (♀).</p><p>Japanese name アカハネグ± (Aka-hane-gumo).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>Females of O. sanguinea closely resemble those of O. xiebao Lin &amp; Li, 2024 in general appearance (Fig. 20A–C; Lin et al. 2024: fig. 35a–b), in having the external genitalia covered with dense, short hairs, and in the general shape of the AUS (Fig. 20F, H; Lin et al. 2024: fig. 34b). They can be distinguished by the posterior region of the internal genitalia, which is clearly visible through the exoskeleton in O. sanguinea (Fig. 20E) whereas it is not conspicuous in O. xiebao (Lin et al. 2024: fig. 34a). However, this difference is slight, and the internal genitalia of the two species are otherwise very similar; therefore, further examination is required.</p><p>Females of O. sanguinea also resemble those of O. infirma Seo, 2017, known from Korea in general appearance and genital morphology, but they can be distinguished by the shape of Pr, which is relatively thicker in O. sanguinea than in O. infirma (Fig. 20F, H vs Seo 2017: fig. 2e, g).</p><p>Type material</p><p>Holotype (examined) JAPAN • ♀; Osaka, Habikino-shi, Takawashi (original label: Osaka, Minami-kawachi-gun, Takawashicho); 13 Jul. 1954; Y. Oi leg.; NSMT-Ar 1921.</p><p>Paratypes (examined) JAPAN • 5 ♀♀; same data as for holotype; NSMT-Ar 1922 .</p><p>Other material examined</p><p>JAPAN – Akita Prefecture • 2 ♀♀; Daisen-shi; 30 Aug. 2003; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 21976 • 1 ♀; Akita-shi; 16 Oct. 2005; A. Fukushima leg.; NSMT-Ar 25543 . – Yamagata Prefecture • 1 ♀; Tsuruoka-shi, Oyama; 12 Sep. 2018; R. Serita leg.; YSPC-Op-4 . – Ibaraki Prefecture • 1 ♀; Kuji-gun, Daigo-machi, Asakawa, Nameshi; 21 Jun. 2003; Y. Suganami leg.; NSMT-Ar 17209 • 1 ♀; Tsukuba-shi, Oda, Mt. Hokyo-san; 22 Aug. 2017; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3491 • 2 ♀♀; Tsukuba-shi, Tennodai; 18 Apr. 2019; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3492 . – Chiba Prefecture • 1 ♀; Kamogawa-shi, Amatsu; 20 Feb. 2020; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3503 . – Saitama Prefecture • 1 ♀; Saitama-shi, Midori-kun, Nanbu-Ryotsuji; 4 Aug. 2017; K. Arai leg.; TKPM-AR 3493 . – Tokyo • 2 ♀♀; Suginami-ku, Horinouchi, Mt. Seibi-yama; 28 Jul. 1991; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 8156 • 1 ♀; Hachioji-shi, Tobuki-machi, Tobuki-kita Green Conservation Area; 25 Jul. 2010; K. Arai leg.; TKPM-AR 3494 • 1 ♀; Hachioji-shi, Naganuma-machi, Naganuma-koen Park; 8 Jul. 2011; K. Arai leg.; TKPM-AR 3495 • 1 ♀; Oume-shi, Kurosawa; 23 Apr. 2019; A. Ando leg.; TKPM-AR 3566 • 2 ♀♀, 1 juvenile; same locality as for preceding; 3 Dec. 2024; A. Ando leg.; TKPM-AR 3496 • 1 ♀; same locality as for preceding; 8 Dec. 2024; A. Ando leg.; TKPM-AR 3497 • 2 ♀♀; same locality as for preceding; 15 Dec. 2024; A. Ando leg.; TKPM-AR 3498 • 1 ♀; Hachijo-jima Island, Hachijo-machi; 13 Mar. 2025; T. Nagai leg.; TNPCno. 788 . – Kanagawa Prefecture • 1 ♀; Yokohama-shi, Aoba-ku, Jike-cho; 11 Jul. 1998; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3499 • 1 ♀; Yamato-shi, Izuminomori; 20 Jun. 1993; A. Tanikawa leg.; TKPM-AR 3500 . – Shizuoka Prefecture • 1 ♀; Tagata-gun, Amagi-yugashima-cho, Ichiyama; 30 Jul. 1982; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 17745 . – Niigata Prefecture • 1 ♀; Joetsu-shi, Uragawara-ku, Yokozumi; 7 Jun. 2005; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 19067 . – Fukui Prefecture • 1 ♀; Oono-shi, Kamiuchinami; 18 Jul. 2002; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 15160 . – Nagano Prefecture • 2 ♀♀; Iida-shi, Tatsue, Ikenotaira; 31 Jul. 2018; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 16751 . – Aichi Prefecture • 4 ♀♀; Higashikamogun, Asuke-cho, Oiwake; 29 Jul. 1989; H. Ono leg.; NSMT-Ar 13532 . – Mie Prefecture • 1 ♀; Ise-shi, Ujitachi-cho, Ise Jingu, 90 rinpan; 12 Jul. 2003; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 13743 • 1 ♀; Ise-shi, Maeyama-cho, Ise Jingu, 8 rinpan; 27 Nov. 2003; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 14104 • 3 ♀♀; Ise-shi, Maeyama-cho, Ise Jingu, 6 rinpan; 29 Jun. 2004; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 14256 • 3 ♀♀; Ise-shi, Maeyama-cho, Ise Jingu, 1 rinpan; 29 Jun. 2004; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 14299 . – Kyoto Prefecture • 1 ♀; Kameoka-shi, Higashihonmecho-akakuma; 10 Nov. 2007; K. Kumada leg.; NSMTAr 19369 . – Nara Prefecture • 2 ♀♀; Yoshino-gun, Higashiyoshino-mura, Sugitani; 5 Aug. 2001; K. Kumada leg.; NSMT-Ar 19452 . – Tokushima Prefecture • 2 ♀♀; Anan-shi, Oi-cho, Minamidaira; 17 Aug. 2024; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3501 • 1 ♀; Mima-shi, Waki-machi, Higashimatamyou, Goshojinjya Shrine; 10 Nov. 2024; Y. Suzuki leg.; TKPM-AR 3502 • 2 ♀♀; Awa-shi, Ichibacho-higaidani, Kawagita; 10 Nov. 2024; Y. Hino leg.; YHPC . – Oita Prefecture • 1 ♀; Kusu-gun, Kokonoe-machi, Nogami; 19 Jun. 2024; Y. Hino leg.; YHPC .</p><p>Description</p><p>Female (TKPM-AR 3501)</p><p>COLORATION. In ethanol (Fig. 20A–C). Carapace yellowish brown, without markings. Chelicerae, endites, labium, sternum pale yellowish brown. Base of eyes dark brown. Legs pale yellowish brown, lacking annulations. Abdomen pale yellowish white, lacking markings. Live specimen (Fig. 21D). Carapace orange. Legs pale yellow. Abdomen pale yellowish white.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. Body length 1.35. Carapace length 0.65, width 0.46, height 0.26. Eye diameter: ALE 0.052, PME 0.057, PLE 0.055. Length of legs: I 0.49 + 0.15 + 0.42 + 0.36 + 0.16 = 1.58, II 0.53 + 0.17 + 0.47 + 0.37 + 0.16 = 1.70, III 0.40 + 0.13 + 0.29 + 0.33 + 0.17 = 1.32, IV 0.55 +0.13 +0.29 + 0.46 +0.22 =1.65. Abdomen length 0.71, width 0.65, height 0.65.</p><p>SOMATIC MORPHOLOGY. Carapace oval, longer than wide, length/width = 1.41. Endites pentagonal, elongate, bearing blackish serrula with fine serration on anterolateral margin (Fig. 20D, I, J). Abdomen oval, as long as wide, length/width =1.09.</p><p>GENITALIA. External genitalia (Fig. 20E, G). Genital area pigmented darkly, covered with dense short hairs. AUS and Dc visible as dark longitudinal line, wider posteriorly. Internal genitalia (Fig. 20F, H). AUS longer than wide, constricted subapically. Pr mostly straight, directed laterally, with slightly wrinkled tips. Dc thin, long.</p><p>Male</p><p>Unknown.</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Japan: Honshyu to Kyushu, Sadoga-shima Island and Hachijo-jima Island (Fig. 22).</p><p>Remarks</p><p>According to the World Spider Catalog (2026), both female and male of O. sanguinea have been described. However, the present study revealed that the males of this species had never been discovered and are actually unknown. This misrecognition resulted from the wrong correspondence between the figures and the captions in Yaginuma (1986): the illustration of the male palp of Ariadna lateralis Karsch, 1881 ( Araneae: Segestriidae) was wrongly captioned as “ Orchestina sanguinea ” (Fig. 8; Table 2).</p><p>In the original description, the endites of O. sanguinea were described as elongated, leaf-shaped structures with pointed tips (Oi 1955: fig. 3). However, reexamination of the holotype shows that the female endites are unmodified and simple in form (Fig. 20D, I–J), resembling those of other species. Furthermore, the female genitalia illustrated in the original description were most likely depicted in posterior view (Oi 1955: fig. 4), rather than in ventral view, as indicated by the extremely narrow genital area and the absence of the dark longitudinal line formed by the AUS and Dc in the figure.</p><p>Ecology</p><p>Orchestina sanguinea inhabits litter layers and bushes of forests and parks. This species sometimes co-occurs with O. okitsui .</p><p>DNA sequences</p><p>COI (431 bp): see Table 1.</p><p>Preliminary molecular phylogeny</p><p>Three specimens of O. insulana sp. nov. formed a monophyletic clade with strong nodal support (UFBoot= 98.7; SH-aLRT = 100; Fig. 23) and exhibited low genetic divergence (uncorrected p-distances: 0–0.002; Table 3). Orchestina flava, O. sanguinea, and O. insulana sp. nov. were recovered as a monophyletic clade with moderate to strong nodal support (UFBoot = 90.3; SH-aLRT= 89; Fig. 23). Within the dataset, Orchestina saltitans was inferred to be sister to Orchestina sp. from South Africa (UFBoot=94.8; SH-aLRT=85; Fig. 23) rather than to O. okitsui .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A287BCFFD45822FD837CE2FC62FA91	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Suzuki, Yuya	Suzuki, Yuya (2026): Taxonomic revision of the jumping goblin spider genus Orchestina Simon, 1882 (Araneae: Oonopidae) in Japan with descriptions of two new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 1068: 1-49, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2026.1068.3293, URL: https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/3293/14510
