identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A7CC5F5934034A18D762ABFA08D093.text	03A7CC5F5934034A18D762ABFA08D093.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coleoptera	<div><p>Identification key for pupae of selected species from Alxa Plateau</p><p>1. Differentiation of urogomphi obvious, with apical morphology resembling spike-like structures measuring 1–2 mm in length (Figs 1H, 2I)................................................................................ 2</p><p>- Differentiation of urogomphi not obvious, apical morphology slightly protruding, measuring about 0.6 mm in length. (Figs 3F, 4H, 5H)......................................................................................3</p><p>2. Abdominal tergites, each anterior angle acute, protrude forward, and the body surface with bristles; anterior margin of clypeus is slightly concave, forms a triangular protrusion forward (Figs 1F, 1D)................................................................................................ Cyphogenia chinensis (Faldermann, 1835)</p><p>- Abdominal tergites at each anterior angle form a thin ossified anterior horn only anteriorly, without anterior sharp spines, body smooth and free of trichomes and bristles; anterior margin of clypeus straight (Figs 2G, 2E)........................................................................................ Anatolica mucronata Reitter, 1889</p><p>3. Lateral margin of pronotum curved backward at middle 2/3, auriculate, a shallow depression in the center, posterior margin inwardly concave................................................................................. 4</p><p>- The lateral margin of the pronotum does not have auricular curvature expansion in the middle, two shallow oval depressions on either side of the midline, railing edge protruding outward (Fig. 3D)......................................................................................... Trigonocnera pseudopimelia pseudopimelia (Reitter, 1889)</p><p>4. Abdominal tergites, each lateral margin smooth............................ Mantichorula grandis Semenow, 1893</p><p>- Abdominal tergites with small trichomes, covered with short hairs (Fig. 4 F)...... Mantichorula semenowi Reitter, 1889</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7CC5F5934034A18D762ABFA08D093	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shen, Guang-Hui;Zhang, Jian-Ying;Yu, You-Zhi;Ren, Guo-Dong;Jia, Long	Shen, Guang-Hui, Zhang, Jian-Ying, Yu, You-Zhi, Ren, Guo-Dong, Jia, Long (2026): Descriptions of pupae of five Pimeliinae species (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Alxa Plateau, China. Zootaxa 5785 (1): 152-163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6
03A7CC5F5937034818D767F8FB8DD4C5.text	03A7CC5F5937034818D767F8FB8DD4C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cyphogenia chinensis (Faldermann 1835)	<div><p>Cyphogenia chinensis (Faldermann, 1835)</p><p>Akis chinensis Faldermann, 1835: 392</p><p>Description:</p><p>Pupal body dark brown, with setae. Ventrites I–IX ventrally curved in C-shape (Fig. 1).</p><p>Anterior edge of head contracted inward. Dorsal side relatively flat, slightly longitudinally elevated near middle. Clypeus emarginate. Compound eyes subrounded, separated from cheeks and on both sides of head. Gena prominently visible (Fig. 1D).</p><p>Pronotum midplane raised. Lateral margins folded upward, with transverse wrinkles. Anterior angles very prominent, reaching compound eye. Posterior angles protruding. Lateral margin weakly S-shaped, with dense setae and widest before middle (Fig. 1E).</p><p>Elytral sheath wide and flat, darker than body, completely covering metathoracic wing, with transverse wrinkles and a bicurved base. Elytral sheath apices pointed (Fig. 1C).</p><p>Abdominal tergites I–VII translucent, with a pair of lateral processes on margins. Anterior angles sharp, protruding forward, posterior angle blunt, middle curved out. Lateral margin with 12 to 15 small setose tubercles, while joint with pupa concave (Fig 1F–G). Anterior margin of lateral process of dorsal plate of ventral segment I weakly ossified, posterior margin strongly ossified. Anterior and posterior margins of tergites II through VI strongly ossified, posterior margin of tergite VII weakly ossified. Spiracles of abdominal tergites II–VI slightly convex and visible dorsally (Fig 1F–G).</p><p>Right and left papillary processes on ventrite VIII, clearly differentiated and closely arranged (Fig. 1I). Urogomphi translucent and densely covered by long hairs. BUL shorter than UL (Fig. 1H).</p><p>Measurements:</p><p>BL: 17.3 mm; PL: 3.8 mm; PW: 6.1 mm; UL: 1.7 mm; BUL: 1.2 mm.</p><p>Material examined: 1 ex., pupation date: 31 VIII 2000. Adults were collected from Shantang, Zhongwei, Ningxia, China, in 1999.VI.31, by Long Jia &amp; You-Zhi Yu .</p><p>Distribution: China (Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Gansu). Mongolia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7CC5F5937034818D767F8FB8DD4C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shen, Guang-Hui;Zhang, Jian-Ying;Yu, You-Zhi;Ren, Guo-Dong;Jia, Long	Shen, Guang-Hui, Zhang, Jian-Ying, Yu, You-Zhi, Ren, Guo-Dong, Jia, Long (2026): Descriptions of pupae of five Pimeliinae species (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Alxa Plateau, China. Zootaxa 5785 (1): 152-163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6
03A7CC5F5936034818D7651EFB85D0A1.text	03A7CC5F5936034818D7651EFB85D0A1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Anatolica mucronata Reitter 1889	<div><p>Anatolica mucronata Reitter, 1889</p><p>Description:</p><p>Body dark yellowish-brown. Ventrites I–IX curved ventrally, with a distinct dorsal midline (Fig 2).</p><p>Labrum straight. Labium superius nearly trapezoidal, emarginate. Mandible with some small setose tubercles. Compound eyes separated from gena, on either side of head (Fig. 2E).</p><p>Pronotum transverse, widest at front 1/3. Anterior angles sharp, posterior angles rounded. Medial area of pronotum raised, hairless, with transverse fine wrinkles (Fig. 2D).</p><p>Elytral sheath ovate, uniformly raised, with dense small particles, apical pointed. Color of elytral sheath surface darker than body (Fig. 2B).</p><p>Abdominal tergites I–VII, with a pair of lateral processes on margins. Lateral process protruding from pupa body and crescent-shaped, color difference with pupa body minimal. Outer edge smooth, joint with pupa body clearly concave (Figs 2G–H). Anterior margin of lateral process of dorsal plate of ventral segment I weakly ossified, posterior margin strongly ossified.Anterior and posterior margins of tergite II through VI strongly ossified, posterior margin of tergite VII weakly ossified (Figs 2G–H). Spiracles of tergites II–VI slightly convex and visible dorsally (Figs 2G–H).</p><p>Left and right papillary processes on both sides of ventrite VIII point-like, with weak differentiation and a short caudal process. The 9th ventrite narrows and long and extends backward to form urogomphi. BUL shorter than UL (Figs 2F, 2I).</p><p>Measurements:</p><p>BL: 16.2 mm; PL: 4.7mm; PW: 4.8mm; UL: 2.3 mm; BUL: 0.9 mm.</p><p>Material examined: 1 ex. pupation date: 6 VIII 2001. Adults were collected from Jinshaqu, Yongning, Ningxia, China, in 2001. IV. 14, by Jia Long &amp; Yu You-Zhi .</p><p>Distribution: China (Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Gansu). Mongolia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7CC5F5936034818D7651EFB85D0A1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shen, Guang-Hui;Zhang, Jian-Ying;Yu, You-Zhi;Ren, Guo-Dong;Jia, Long	Shen, Guang-Hui, Zhang, Jian-Ying, Yu, You-Zhi, Ren, Guo-Dong, Jia, Long (2026): Descriptions of pupae of five Pimeliinae species (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Alxa Plateau, China. Zootaxa 5785 (1): 152-163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6
03A7CC5F5936034E18D761FBFCD4D1EF.text	03A7CC5F5936034E18D761FBFCD4D1EF.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trigonocnera pseudopimelia subsp. pseudopimelia Reitter 1889	<div><p>Trigonocnera pseudopimelia pseudopimelia Reitter, 1889</p><p>Trigonoscelis amitina Kolbe, 1908</p><p>Description:</p><p>Body yellowish-brown, ventrites I–IX curved ventrally (Fig. 3).</p><p>Compound eyes located at base of antenna, away from gena bilaterally. Clypeus straight, labium superius nearly trapezoidal, covered with few setae (Fig. 3E).</p><p>Pronotum transverse, anterior margin straight, disc smooth, anterior angles protruding. Medial region with an oblong, shallow, concave pattern on both sides (Fig. 3D).</p><p>Elytral sheath raised, completely covering metathoracic wing. Surface flat, with plentiful small dots (Fig. 3C).</p><p>Abdominal tergites I–VII, with a pair of lateral processes at margins, lateral processes brown and anterior angles protruding outward. Posterior angles translucent and blunt, with 8–10 small setose tubercles on outer edge, which covered with short hairs, and joint with pupa body concave (Figs 3G–H). Anterior margin of lateral process of dorsal plate of tergite I weakly ossified, posterior margin strongly ossified. Posterior margins of tergites II through VI strongly ossified, posterior margin of tergite VII weakly ossified (Figs 3G–H). Spiracles of abdominal tergites II–VI slightly convex and visible dorsally (Figs 3G–H).</p><p>Left and right papillary processes on both sides of ventrite VIII slightly conical, clearly differentiated, short and blunt (Fig. 3F). Distance between papillary processes greater than length, laid out in an "eight" shape arrangement. Urogomphi unclear (Fig. 3F).</p><p>Measurements:</p><p>BL: 11.8 mm; PL: 2.1 mm; PW: 3.0 mm; UL: ignored; BUL: ignored.</p><p>Material examined: 1 ex. pupation date: 21 VI 2000. Adults were collected from Shandan, Zhangye, Gansu, China, in 1999. VI. 7, by Jia Long &amp;Yu You-Zhi.</p><p>Distribution. China (Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Shaanxi).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7CC5F5936034E18D761FBFCD4D1EF	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shen, Guang-Hui;Zhang, Jian-Ying;Yu, You-Zhi;Ren, Guo-Dong;Jia, Long	Shen, Guang-Hui, Zhang, Jian-Ying, Yu, You-Zhi, Ren, Guo-Dong, Jia, Long (2026): Descriptions of pupae of five Pimeliinae species (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Alxa Plateau, China. Zootaxa 5785 (1): 152-163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6
03A7CC5F5933034C18D76743FB85D4C5.text	03A7CC5F5933034C18D76743FB85D4C5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mantichorula semenowi Reitter 1889	<div><p>Mantichorula semenowi Reitter, 1889</p><p>Description:</p><p>Body dark yellowish-brown, abdominal tergites I–IX curved ventrally (Fig. 4).</p><p>Clypeus slightly concave. Labium superius emarginate in middle. Two shallow depressions between compound eyes, with sparsely small setose tubercles. Compound eyes separated from gena (Fig. 4D).</p><p>Pronotum transverse, anterior margin concave from 1/3 place, middle part flat and slightly raised. Lateral process extending backward in the central 2/3, posterior margin raised in shape of a "w" with double curvature (Fig. 4E).</p><p>Elytral sheath surface darker than pupal body, completely covering metathoracic wing, shrinking from middle to end, with slight wrinkles at bottom. Elytral sheath ends obtuse (Fig 4).</p><p>Abdominal tergites I–VII, with a pair of lateral processes at margins, lateral process slightly protruding pupae, color with a minimal difference compared to body (Figs 4F–G). Lateral process rectangular, anterior angles curved and slightly protruding out, outer edge translucent, with small setose tubercles. Joint with pupae concave (Figs 4F– G). Anterior margin of lateral process of dorsal plate of tergite I weakly ossified, posterior margin strongly ossified, anterior and posterior margins of tergites II through VI strongly ossified, and posterior margin of tergite VII weakly ossified. Spiracles of abdominal tergites II–VI slightly convex, visible dorsally (Figs 4F–G).</p><p>Left and right papillary processes located on both sides of ventrite VIII slightly conical, clearly differentiated, short, blunt, and separated in shape of an "eight". Urogomphi unclear (Fig. 4H).</p><p>Measurements:</p><p>BL: 16.3 mm; PL: 3.5 mm; PW: 5.7 mm; UL: ignored; BUL: ignored.</p><p>Material examined: 1 ex. pupation date: 6 VII 2000. Adults were collected from Jinshaqu, Yongning, Ningxia, China, in 2000. IV.14, by Jia Long &amp; Yu You-Zhi .</p><p>Distribution. China (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia, Shaanxi). Mongolia.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7CC5F5933034C18D76743FB85D4C5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shen, Guang-Hui;Zhang, Jian-Ying;Yu, You-Zhi;Ren, Guo-Dong;Jia, Long	Shen, Guang-Hui, Zhang, Jian-Ying, Yu, You-Zhi, Ren, Guo-Dong, Jia, Long (2026): Descriptions of pupae of five Pimeliinae species (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Alxa Plateau, China. Zootaxa 5785 (1): 152-163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6
03A7CC5F5932034C18D765E6FCB2D0B5.text	03A7CC5F5932034C18D765E6FCB2D0B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Mantichorula grandis Semenov 1893	<div><p>Mantichorula grandis Semenov, 1893</p><p>Description:</p><p>Body yellowish-brown, ventrite I–IX curved ventrally in shape of “C” (Fig. 5).</p><p>Clypeus slightly concave, labium superius emarginated, top of head with one protrusion near compound eye. Compound eyes separated from cheeks bilaterally on head (Fig. 5E).</p><p>Pronotum transverse, with a finely ruffled transversal and concave middle. Middle of anterior edge broadly concave, both sides extending diagonally forward to compound eye. Anterior margin auricular curved backward from middle 2/3, while posterior margin broadly concave. Anterior angles round, posterior angles wide and round. Two annular depressions symmetrically distributed in middle of pronotum. Mesonotum raised, posterior edges ofmetanotum straighter. Dorsomeson obvious (Fig. 5D).</p><p>Elytral sheath surface triangular, completely covering metathoracic wing, inner margin smooth, bottom of elytral sheath with fine wrinkles (Fig. 5B).</p><p>Abdominal tergites I–VII with a pair of lateral processes along margins, rectangular and with obvious thickness. Anterior angles curved and slightly protruding. Lateral edge smooth and hairless, while joint with pupa body concave (Figs 5F–G). Anterior and posterior margins of tergites II through VI strongly ossified, posterior margin of tergite VII weakly ossified (Figs 5F–G). Spiracles of tergites II–VI slightly convex and visible dorsally (Figs 5F–G).</p><p>Left and right papillary processes located slightly on both sides of ventrite VIII conical, clearly differentiated, short, blunt, and separated in shape of an "eight." Urogomphi unclear (Fig. 5H).</p><p>Measurements:</p><p>BL: 12.5 mm; PL: 3.2 mm; PW: 4.9 mm; UL: 1.3 mm; BUL: 0.9 mm.</p><p>Material examined: 1 ex. pupation date: 28 VI 2000. Adults were collected from Shigouyi, lingwu, Ningxia, China, in 1999. IV. 15, by Jia Long &amp; Yu You-Zhi .</p><p>Distribution. China (Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Ningxia)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A7CC5F5932034C18D765E6FCB2D0B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Shen, Guang-Hui;Zhang, Jian-Ying;Yu, You-Zhi;Ren, Guo-Dong;Jia, Long	Shen, Guang-Hui, Zhang, Jian-Ying, Yu, You-Zhi, Ren, Guo-Dong, Jia, Long (2026): Descriptions of pupae of five Pimeliinae species (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) from Alxa Plateau, China. Zootaxa 5785 (1): 152-163, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5785.1.6
