identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A787F1FF9E192AFF49A131D62A15BD.text	03A787F1FF9E192AFF49A131D62A15BD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cryptocoryne plaglaterasiana	<div><p>C r y ptocor y ne paglaterasiana Naive &amp; N.J acobsen, sp. nov. F igs. 1-3</p><p>T y pe: P H I L I PP I NE S. Western Mindanao, Z amboanga del Norte, T ampilisan, elev. 1 5 0 m, 3 1 J ul y 2022, MAK Naive 131 (holot y pe P NH, isot y pe HN U L).</p><p>D iagnosis: S pathe somewhat resembling Cryptocoryne joshanii Naive &amp; J.R.T.Villanueva but is onl y 4—7 cm long (¼—½ length of C. joshanii); stigmas cream y white, ascending to erect ( C. joshanii has purplish red, forwardl y bent stigmas); leaves with a blackish to reddish brown purple lamina ( C. joshanii has a (silver y) green lamina with irregular line markings). T he plant si z e also significantl y differs as this new species is much smaller than C. joshanii .</p><p>D escription: Amphibious, perennial herb, up to 7 cm tall. Rhizome terete, 4—8 mm in diameter, flesh y, glabrous, brownish white outside, cream y white inside, stolon long, slender. Cataphylls narrowl y triangular, falcate, 2—3 cm long b y 0.5—0.9 cm wide, chartaceous, striate, basal 1/3 cream y white, the rest of the length brownish white, margin entire, cucullate, ape x long acuminate. Leaves 11—19 cm long, full y spreading, up to 10 leaves per individual; petiole 7—12 cm long (longest in deepl y submerged specimens), flattened, glabrous, canaliculate, brown to pale brown; lamina ovate to oblong, 5—8 cm long b y 2—4 cm wide, glabrous on both sides, ada x iall y (blackish) brown to reddish brown, aba x iall y brick red, margin entire, base cordate, ape x acute. Peduncle flattened, 8—1 6 mm long, flesh y slightl y sulcate, glabrous, purplish cream. Spathe 4—7 cm long; kettle narrowl y urceolate, 9—14 mm long, 4—5 mm in diameter, flesh y, glabrous, cream y white; tube tubular, 12—19 mm long, 3— 4 mm in diameter, flesh y, glabrous, cream y white suffuse with dark maroon at the ape x; limb narrowl y triangular, erect to forward pointing, 1.5—3 cm long, twisted surface and margin with conspicuous, large, irregular protuberances, dark maroon, margin recurved in older specimens, ape x long acuminate; collar vaguel y indicated, throat y ellow. Spadix 1.8—2.5 cm long. Female flowers 5— 7; ovary 2.0—2.5 mm long, 1.5—3.5 in diameter, cream y white to y ellowish white, minutel y papillose; stigmas 1.5—2.0 mm long, cream y white, ascending to erect, concave, narrowl y obtuse; olfactory bodies golden y ellow; naked axis 6.5—8.0 mm long, glabrous, cr y stal white to purplish white. Male flowers ca. 3 0, pale y ellow, irregularl y rounded, smooth, congested; sterile appendix cream y white to y ellowish white. Young syncarp broadl y ovoid, ca. 5 mm long, ca. 4 mm in diameter, greenish brown, verrucose, ape x apiculate; seeds ellipsoid, 2.5—3.0 mm long, ca. 1 mm in diameter, curved, brownish, embr y o cone-shaped, with a simple, undifferentiated plumule.</p><p>D istribution: Endemic to the Z amboanga P eninsula. T he species has so far onl y been found in the province of Z amboanga del Norte, Western Mindanao, P hilippines.</p><p>colog y: T he species was found growing attached to cracks in the rock or in the sand y soil and in s y mpatr y with Cryptocoryne pygmaea Merr. in a stream with clear, slow running water and in a deepl y shaded to brightl y lit with lots of deca y ing leaves at 140—1 5 0 m a.s.l. T he populations were submerged or partl y submerged with the leaves e x posed.</p><p>P henolog y: P lants of the new species was observed flowering in March, J ul y and August.</p><p>E pon y m y: T he specific epithet ̒paglaterasiana̓ was coined after the names of two citi z en scientists wherein ‘pagla̕ was derived from Mr. Ariel P aglalulan and ‘teras̕ from Mr. Edilberto P onteras, who discovered the species and brought it to the attention of the first author.</p><p>C ultivation: T he first results in cultivation revealed that it is an eas y grown plant in sand y soil added with some leaf litter.</p><p>P roposed conservation status: Following the I U CN S tandards and P etitions Committee (2022), we propose Cryptocoryne paglaterasiana to be treated as ‘ENDANGE R ED̕ (EN). At present, the species is onl y known in the streams of Municipalities of T ampilisan and Lilo y with less than 100 mature individuals found. I t was found growing near human settlements where anthropogenic activities are rampant (e.g., quarr y ing, poaching, slash and burn, and agriculture) endangering the e x istence of this highl y endemic species.</p><p>T a x onomic notes: B ased on overall morpholog y, the spathe of Cryptocoryne paglaterasiana resembles C. joshanii but is much smaller. However, the new species differs significantl y in having ovate, purple leaves (vs. lanceolate, silver y green with darker green irregular markings leaves in C. joshanii), urceolate kettle (vs. tubular to narrowl y ovoid kettle in C. joshanii), narrowl y triangular limb (vs. erect, ovate limb in C. joshanii), cream y white, narrowl y obtuse stigmas (vs. purplish red, acicular stigmas in C. joshanii), and congested male flowers (vs. la x male flowers in C. joshanii). T he new species grows in s y mpatr y with C. pygmaea, however, it can easil y be recogni z ed in having purplish leaves (vs. green leaves in C. pygmaea), collar onl y vaguel y indicated (vs. presence of collar in C. pygmaea), forward pointing, dark maroon limb (vs. hori z ontall y twisted, purple limb in C. pygmaea) and congested male flowers (vs. la x male flowers in C. pygmaea).</p><p>I n the checklist presented in T able 1, we e x cluded Cryptocoryne auriculata Engl. which was included in the list of Co̕s D igital Flora of the P hilippines (P elser et al. 2017). T he suggested occurrence of C. auriculata in the P hilippines was based on two wrongl y annotated collections, vi z, Merrill 9272 (K, US), from P alawan, T ata y (a new y et undescribed species), and Ramos &amp; Edano 3 7040 (B M, K, L, P, US), Mindanao, Z amboanga D istrict, Malangas (a y et unidentified specimen due to insufficient herbarium material). C. auriculata has a ver y short spathe with an upright black purple limb and onl y occurs in B orneo (see B astmeijer, 2018).</p><p>T he discover y of this new species highlights the importance of citi z en science and the need for their engagement in e x ploring and conserving our P hilippine biodiversit y. I n addition, this discover y signifies the urgent need to e x tensivel y e x plore the flora of P hilippine archipelago most especiall y in the Z amboanga P eninsula as there are still more species awaiting discover y and description (e.g., Ma z o et al., 2021, 2022a, b; Ma z o and R ubite, 2022; Ma z o, 2022) and given the increasing pace of forest destruction and habitat loss. Given the precarious state of this new species, propagation and ex situ conservation should be done to create enough stock for conservation work and for the possibilit y of reintroducing this species in its natural habitat.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A787F1FF9E192AFF49A131D62A15BD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	NAIVE, Mark Arcebal K.;LAGUD, Yhebron J.;JACOBSEN, Niels	NAIVE, Mark Arcebal K., LAGUD, Yhebron J., JACOBSEN, Niels (2022): Discovery through citizen science: Cryptocoryne paglaterasiana (Araceae), a new endangered species from Tampilisan, Zamboanga del Norte, Western Mindanao. Taiwania 67 (4): 539-543, DOI: 10.6165/tai.2022.67.539
