identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03A6B02FFFDFFFC2A6EDF9EEFE687D36.text	03A6B02FFFDFFFC2A6EDF9EEFE687D36.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Formicococcus guiyangensis Liu & Xing 2026	<div><p>Formicococcus guiyangensis Liu &amp; Xing, sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs 1–2)</p><p>Material examined. Holotype: ♀, CHINA: Guizhou Prov., Guiyang City, / Huaxi District, Shilihetan Wetland Park, / 26°45′08″N, 106º67′43″E, elev. 1068 m, / on Broussonetia papyrifera ( Moraceae), 29 April 2023, / Zhixiang Tan leg. Holotype mounted together with 1 paratype ♀ on 1 slide (GUGC).</p><p>Paratypes: CHINA: same data as holotype, 7 ♀♀: 2 mounted together on 1 slide (BFUC); 4 mounted together on 1 slide (GUGC); 1 mounted together with holotype (GUGC) .</p><p>Adult female</p><p>Unmounted material (Fig. 1). Adult females found under carton shelters built by Liometopum sinense Wheeler, W.M. ( Hymenoptera: Formicidae) ants in crevices in Broussonetiia papyrifera bark (Fig. 1B). Body contents nutbrown; antennae and legs yellowish brown. Dorsum covered in powdery white wax secretions, with segmentation evident on abdomen; also with 22–26 pairs of rather irregular short, broad white wax projections around margins (Figs 1D and 1E).</p><p>Slide-mounted adult female (Fig. 2) (n = 8). Body broadly oval, 2.3 (1.9–2.4) mm long; 1.8 (1.2–2.0) mm wide. Antennae each 7 segmented, 347 (273–367) μm long; segment lengths (in μm): I, 62 (47–62); II, 49 (42–54); III, 37 (27–39); IV, 42 (25–47); V, 32 (30–37) VI, 39 (42–42); VII, 86 (76–96); apical segment longest, bearing 3 fleshy setae. Eyes obvious, located at body margin, each about 24 μm in diameter, situated near antennal base. Labium 182 (182–239) μm long; clypeolabral shield 278 (187–278) μm long. Anal lobes slightly prominent, ventral surface of each lobe with an apical seta, each 118 (118–150) μm long, and with an unobvious, complete anal lobe bar. Legs well developed, stout; hind leg measurements in μm: coxa 138 (118–145) long; trochanter + femur 189 (189–258) long, tibia + tarsus 207 (207–253) long; claw stout, 36.6 (36.6–42.7) long, without denticle; claw digitules knobbed (Fig. 2A), each 32 (32–43) long. Ratio of lengths of hind tibia + tarsus to hind trochanter + femur 1:0.9 (1: 0.9–1.1). Ratio of lengths of hind tibia to tarsus 1:0.52 (1: 0.47–0.94). Translucent pores numerous on hind coxa only (Fig. 2B). Circulus present, about 118 (118–167) μm long and 123 (123–162) μm wide, situated between abdominal segments III and IV, divided by intersegmental line. Ostioles well developed, each lip with inner edge sclerotized and with 4–8 short setae and many trilocular pores. Anal ring situated on dorsum about half its length from apex of abdomen, 89 (86–89) μm long and 79 (71–84) μm wide, bearing 6 long setae, each 98–111 (86–133) μm long. Cerarii numbering 18 pairs. Anal lobe cerarii (C 18) (Fig. 2C) each containing 5–8 conical setae, each 15–17 (12–18) μm long and 4–5 (4–7) μm wide at base; 3–6 flagellate auxiliary setae and a group of trilocular pores. Cerarii on head (Fig. 2D) (C 1 –C 4) each containing 2–4 conical setae and a small number of flagellate auxiliary setae; other cerarii each usually containing 2–7 conical setae and 0–3 flagellate auxiliary setae; and 0–4 intermediate conical setae also present between cerarii.</p><p>Dorsum. Dorsal setae spiniform (Fig. 2E), each 21–23 (21–24) μm long. Multilocular disc-pores and oral collar tubular ducts absent. Trilocular pores (Fig. 2F) each 3.7–4.9 (3.7–4.9) μm wide, evenly distributed. Discoidal pores (Fig. 2G) each half the diameter of a trilocular pore, numerous and scattered.</p><p>Venter. Ventral flagellate setae (Fig. 2H) varying in length, but longer than dorsal setae, each 29–36 (24–36) μm long on head and 38–42 (37–49) μm long on abdomen. Cisanal and obanal setae present, each 67–86 (52–89) μm long. Multilocular disc-pores (Fig. 2I) each 8.5–9.8 (8.5–9.8) μm in diameter and mostly each containing 10 outer loculi (but a few each containing 8 or 9 loculi), present in single or double transverse segmental rows posterior to vulva and across median areas of abdominal segments VI–VII; sometimes also with 0‒2 in median area of abdominal segment V. Trilocular pores same size as those on dorsum but fewer, evenly distributed. Oral collar tubular ducts of 2 sizes present: (i) large type (Fig. 2J), each with outer ductule 7.3–9.1 (7.3–9.1) μm long and 4.9–5.5 (4.9–6.1) μm wide, numbering 3–7 near each antennal base and 2–4 mesad to each coxa; and (ii) small type (Fig. 2K), each with outer ductule 6.1–6.7 (6.1–7.3) μm long and 3.6–4.3 (3.6–4.3) μm wide, present across posterior medial and marginal areas of abdominal segments V–VIII, also with 1 or 2 present on each anal lobe. Discoidal pores same size as those on dorsum, scattered.</p><p>Remarks. The adult female of F.guiyangensis is similar to that of F.macarangae (Takahashi) in having numerous translucent pores on the hind coxa, and multilocular disc-pores present in the median areas of abdominal segments V–VIII and posterior to the vulva; however, it differs from F. macarangae by having (contrasting character state in F. macarangae given in parentheses): (i) antennae each with 7 segments (8 segments); and (ii) anal lobe cerarii (C 18) each containing 5–8 conical setae (2 conical setae).</p><p>Formicococcus guiyangensis is also similar to F. delonicola Zhang &amp; Wu in having translucent pores on the hind coxa and cerarii numbering 18 pairs; however, it differs by having (characters of F. delonicola given in parentheses): (i) cerarii on head each containing 2 or 3 conical setae (2 conical setae); (ii) abdominal cerarii containing auxiliary setae (without auxiliary setae except for anal lobe cerarii); and (iii) multilocular disc-pores present in median areas of abdominal segments V–VIII (present in median areas of abdominal segments IV–VIII).</p><p>Etymology. The species is named after its type locality “Guiyang”, combined with the Latin suffix - ensis, meaning “originating from”.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6B02FFFDFFFC2A6EDF9EEFE687D36	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liu, Qing;Zheng, Xinyi;Xing, Jichun	Liu, Qing, Zheng, Xinyi, Xing, Jichun (2026): Description of a new species of the genus Formicococcus Takahashi 1928 (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from China. Zootaxa 5748 (3): 400-408, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.5
03A6B02FFFDFFFC7A6EDFD03FC0A7E2A.text	03A6B02FFFDFFFC7A6EDFD03FC0A7E2A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Formicococcus Takahashi 1928	<div><p>Genus Formicococcus Takahashi, 1928</p><p>Formicococcus Takahashi 1928: 253; Ferris 1955: 4; Ezzat &amp; McConnell 1956: 35; Wang 1982: 49, 2001: 112; Tu et al. 1988: 75; Tang 1992: 286; Wu &amp; Zheng 2001: 200. Type species: Formicococcus cinnamomi Takahashi, 1928 .</p><p>Planococcoides Ezzat &amp; McConnell 1956: 53; Tu et al. 1988: 78; Cox &amp; Ben-Dov 1986: 482; Cox 1989: 3; Tang 1992: 286; Varshney 1992: 56; Ben-Dov 1994: 350; Wang 2001: 140; Williams 2004: 272. Type species: Pseudococcus njalensis Laing, 1929 .</p><p>Indococcus Ali 1967: 35; Tang 1992: 292; Varshney 1992: 53; Ben-Dov 1994: 203. Type species: Indococcus pipalae Ali, 1967 .</p><p>Drymococcus Borchsenius 1962: 221; Danzig &amp; Gavrilov 2015: 221; incorrect synonymy (discovered by Zhang &amp; Wu 2022: 165).</p><p>Anaparaputo Borchsenius 1962: 224; Wang 2001: 108; Tang 1992: 227. Type species: Anaparaputo liui Borchsenius, 1962 . Synonymy discovered by Zhang &amp; Wu 2022: 159.</p><p>Generic diagnosis (adapted from Williams, 2004). Body of adult female elongate- to broadly oval. Antennae each 6–9 segmented, usually 8 segmented. Anal lobe bar present. Anal ring situated terminally or slightly dorsally on abdomen, bearing 6 or more ring setae. Cerarii numbering 18 pairs, with head or thoracic cerarii occasionally indistinct, except for preocular pair (C 2) consistently present. Anal lobe cerarii each with 2 or more conical cerarian setae, each with tip pointed or flagellate. Anterior abdominal cerarii each usually containing more than 2 conical setae; if only 2, then auxiliary setae often present. Cerarii on head and thorax nearly always present, each comprising 2 or more conical or flagellate setae and several trilocular pores, or, in cases with only 2 enlarged setae, occasionally accompanied by slender auxiliary setae. Sometimes 1 or 2 pairs of thoracic cerarii obscure, or rarely reduced to a single conical or flagellate seta but invariably associated with 1 or 2 trilocular pores near setal collar. Ostioles prominent. Legs well developed; hind legs with translucent pores whose distribution is variable; tibia + tarsus frequently shorter than trochanter + femur; claw robust, lacking denticles. Circulus present or absent. Multilocular disc-pores present, at least on venter of abdomen. Oral rim tubular ducts absent; oral collar tubular ducts present on abdominal venter, occasionally extending to margins of head or thorax.</p><p>Key to adult females of Formicococcus species found in the Palaearctic and Oriental Regions (adapted from Zhang &amp; Wu 2022).</p><p>Notes. The data for F. kawaii Tanaka and F. bambusiphilus (Takahashi) are derived from Tanaka (2022); those for F. phoenicis Moghaddam &amp; Zarghami are derived from Moghaddam &amp; Zarghami (2024).</p><p>1(0) Antennae each with 6–8 segments........................................................................ 2</p><p>- Antennae each with 9 segments.......................................................... F. schimae Takahashi,</p><p>2(1) Circulus absent....................................................................................... 3</p><p>- Circulus present...................................................................................... 4</p><p>3(2) Dorsal and ventral surfaces of each anal lobe membranous except for anal lobe bar................. F. dispersus Williams</p><p>- Dorsal and ventral surfaces of each anal lobe sclerotized, in addition to anal lobe bar.................. F. lingnani (Ferris)</p><p>4(2) Oral collar tubular ducts present on dorsum................................................................. 5</p><p>- Oral collar tubular ducts absent from dorsum............................................................... 8</p><p>5(4) Ventral oral collar tubular ducts all of 1 size................................................... F. bambusus (Wu)</p><p>- Ventral oral collar tubular ducts of 2 sizes.................................................................. 6</p><p>6(5) Translucent pores present on hind coxa.................................................................... 7</p><p>- Translucent pores absent from hind coxa....................................................... F. kawaii Tanaka</p><p>7(6) Cerarii numbering 18 pairs......................................................... F. bambusicola (Takahashi)</p><p>- Cerarii numbering only 5‒7 pairs................................................... F. bambusiphilus (Takahashi)</p><p>8(4) Translucent pores absent from hind coxa................................................................... 9</p><p>- Translucent pores present on hind coxa................................................................... 10</p><p>9(8) Abdominal cerarii C 15, C 16 and C 17 each containing only 2 conical setae........................... F. mumensis (Tang) Abdominal cerarii C 15, C 16 and C 17 each containing more than 2 conical setae....................... F. eriobotryae Wang</p><p>10(8) Ventral surface of each anal lobe sclerotized, in addition to anal lobe bar........................................ 11</p><p>- Ventral surface of each anal lobe membranous except for sclerotized anal lobe bar................................. 12</p><p>11(10) Oral collar tubular ducts confined to venter of abdomen..................................... F. burckhardti Williams</p><p>- Oral collar tubular ducts present on venter of thorax as well as abdomen........................... F. matileae Williams</p><p>12(10) Ventral setae, including anal lobe bar setae, cisanal and obanal setae, usually.....................(or mostly) slender and flagellate........................................................................................... 13</p><p>- Ventral setae, including anal lobe bar setae, cisanal and obanal setae, thick.................................. stout and curved............................................................................. F. tripurensis Williams</p><p>13(12) Anal ring bearing more than 6 setae, and head without ventral oral collar tubular ducts............................. 14</p><p>- Anal ring usually bearing only 6 setae; if more than 6 setae (7 or 8) present....... then head with ventral oral collar tubular ducts.............................................................................................. 16</p><p>14(13) Margins of abdominal segments with multilocular disc-pores.................................... F. speciosus (Wang)</p><p>- Margins of abdominal segments without multilocular disc-pores............................................... 15</p><p>15(14) Margins of abdominal segments with ventral oral collar tubular ducts............ Anal lobe cerarii each with 2 or 3 conical setae............................................................................. F. cinnamomi Takahashi</p><p>- Margins of abdominal segments without ventral oral collar tubular ducts......... Anal lobe cerarii each with 4 or 5 conical setae........................................................................ F. yanglingensis Wu &amp; Zheng</p><p>16(13) Cerarii numbering fewer than 10 pairs.................................................................... 17</p><p>- Cerarii numbering more than 10 pairs.................................................................... 18</p><p>17(16) Antennae each with 7 segments. Translucent pores present on hind coxa............................ F. yoshinoi Tanaka</p><p>- Antennae each with 8 segments. Translucent pores present on both hind coxa and................................... tibia........................................................ Formicococcus phoenicis Moghaddam &amp; Zarghami</p><p>18(16) Head with ventral oral collar tubular ducts................................................................ 19</p><p>- Head without ventral oral collar tubular ducts.............................................................. 28</p><p>19(18) Cerarii on head and thorax separate...................................................................... 20</p><p>- Cerarii on head and thorax merged to form a continuous row...................................... F. citricola (Tang)</p><p>20(19) All cerarii containing short, conical setae................................................................. 21</p><p>- Either all cerarii containing many long, conical or flagellate setae forming tufts....................................................................................... or some cerarii on head and thorax containing paired flagellate setae.............................................................................................. 26</p><p>21(20) All abdominal cerarii containing auxiliary setae............................................................ 22</p><p>- Abdominal cerarii without auxiliary setae, except for those in anal lobe cerarii (C 18)............................... 23</p><p>22(21) Antennae each with 8 segments, and anal lobe cerarii (C 18) each................................. containing 2 conical setae.......................................................................... F. macarangae (Takahashi)</p><p>- Antennae each with 7 segments, and anal lobe cerarii (C 18) each............................... containing 5–8 conical setae................................................................... F. guiyangensis Liu &amp; Xing sp. nov.</p><p>23(21) Ventral submargin of prothorax near each anterior coxa with group of oral.............................. collar tubular ducts.............................................................................................. 24</p><p>- Ventral submargin of prothorax near each anterior coxa without ventral............................. oral collar tubular ducts.............................................................................................. 25</p><p>24(23) Ventral margins of mesothorax, metathorax and opposite ocular cerarii (C 3)................... without oral collar tubular ducts.............................................................................. F. polysperes Williams</p><p>- Ventral margins of mesothorax, metathorax and opposite ocular cerarii (C 3)...................... with oral collar tubular ducts........................................................................... F. mangiferacola Williams</p><p>25(23) Dorsal setae on abdominal segment VIII short, about same length as other dorsal setae.......... F. delonicola Zhang &amp; Wu</p><p>- Dorsal setae on abdominal segment VIII noticeably longer than other dorsal setae..................... F. latens Williams</p><p>26(20) Ventral abdominal margins with multilocular disc-pores...................................................... 27</p><p>- Ventral abdominal margins without multilocular disc-pores.................................... F. formicarii (Green)</p><p>27(26) Most cerarian setae elongate conical, but sometimes with flagellate tips. Hind femur................ F. simplicior (Green)</p><p>- All cerarian setae elongate and flagellate. Hind femur with translucent pores.................. F. formicarius (Newstead)</p><p>28(18) Ventral submargin of prothorax near each anterior coxa without group of oral collar........................... tubular ducts.............................................................................................. 29</p><p>- Ventral submargin of prothorax near each anterior coxa with group of oral collar.............................. tubular ducts................................................................................ F. liui (Borchsenius)</p><p>29(28) Most or all dorsal setae conical......................................................................... 30</p><p>- Dorsal setae not conical: either short, thick and stiff, or flagellate.............................................. 31</p><p>30(29) Abdominal midline with dorsal conical setae associated with trilocular pores, forming........................... dorsal cerarii.............................................................................. F. monticola (Green)</p><p>- Dorsal conical setae on abdominal midline not associated with trilocular pores....................... not forming dorsal cerarii........................................................................... F. sinensis (Borchsenius)</p><p>31(29) All cerarii containing short, conical setae................................................................. 32</p><p>- Cerarii on head and thorax containing long, paired flagellate setae............................... F. acerneus Williams</p><p>32(31) Hind tibia with numerous translucent pores. Cerarii basically numbering 18 pairs................................. 33</p><p>- Translucent pores on hind tibia absent or rarely with very few............................... Cerarii numbering 11–15 pairs..................................................................... F. tectonae Joshi, Bindu &amp; Gullan</p><p>33(32) Anal lobe cerarii (C 18) mostly each with 2 conical cerarian setae............................................... 34</p><p>- Anal lobe cerarii (C 18) mostly each with more than 2 conical cerarian setae....................................... 35</p><p>34(33) Penultimate cerarii (C 17) each with 2 conical cerarian setae................................ F. sibolangiticus Williams</p><p>- Penultimate cerarii (C 17) mostly each with 5–7 cerarian setae.................................. F. erythrinae Williams</p><p>35(33) Hind coxae noticeably wider and larger than anterior coxae. Ventral multilocular.. disc-pores absent from abdominal segment IV........................................................................... F. cameronensis (Takahashi)</p><p>- Hind coxae same shape as anterior coxae, and only slightly larger. Ventral............................... multilocular disc-pores present on abdominal segment IV....................................... F. robustus (Ezzat &amp; McConnell)</p><p>Key to adult females of Formicococcus species found in the East Asian region (adapted from Zhang &amp; Wu 2022).</p><p>1(0) Antennae each with 6–8 segments........................................................................ 2</p><p>- Antennae each with 9 segments.......................................................... F. schimae Takahashi</p><p>2(1) Circulus present...................................................................................... 3</p><p>- Circulus absent......................................................................... F. lingnani (Ferris)</p><p>3(2) Oral collar tubular ducts present on dorsum................................................................. 4</p><p>- Oral collar tubular ducts absent from dorsum............................................................... 6</p><p>4(3) Translucent pores present on hind coxa.................................................................... 5</p><p>- Translucent pores absent from hind coxa....................................................... F. kawaii Tanaka</p><p>5(4) Cerarii numbering 18 pairs......................................................... F. bambusicola (Takahashi)</p><p>- Cerarii numbering only 5‒7 pairs................................................... F. bambusiphilus (Takahashi)</p><p>6(3) Ventral oral collar tubular ducts of 1 size...................................................... F. bambusus (Wu)</p><p>- Ventral oral collar tubular ducts of 2 sizes.................................................................. 7</p><p>7(6) Translucent pores absent from hind coxa................................................................... 8</p><p>- Translucent pores present on hind coxa.................................................................... 9</p><p>8(7) Abdominal cerarii C 15, C 16 and C 17 each containing only 2 conical setae........................... F. mumensis (Tang)</p><p>- Abdominal cerarii C 15, C 16 and C 17 each containing more than 2 conical setae....................... F. eriobotryae Wang</p><p>9(7) Anal ring bearing more than 6 setae, and head without ventral oral collar tubular ducts............................. 10</p><p>- Anal ring usually bearing 6 setae only, if more than 6 setae (7 or 8), then head with ventral oral collar tubular ducts...... 12</p><p>10(9) Margins of abdominal segments with multilocular disc pores.................................... F. speciosus (Wang)</p><p>- Margins of abdominal segments without multilocular disc pores............................................... 11</p><p>11(10) Margins of abdominal segments with ventral oral collar tubular ducts. Anal lobe cerarii each with 2 or 3 conical setae....................................................................................... F. cinnamomi Takahashi</p><p>- Margins of abdominal segments without ventral oral collar tubular ducts. Anal lobe cerarii each with 4 or 5 conical setae................................................................................ F. yanglingensis Wu &amp; Zheng</p><p>12(9) Cerarii numbering more than 10 pairs.................................................................... 13</p><p>- Cerarii numbering fewer than 10 pairs....................................................... F. yoshinoi Tanaka</p><p>13(12) Head with ventral oral collar tubular ducts................................................................ 14</p><p>- Head without ventral oral collar tubular ducts.............................................................. 18</p><p>14(13) Cerarii on head and thorax separate...................................................................... 15</p><p>- Cerarii on head and thorax merged to form a continuous row...................................... F. citricola (Tang)</p><p>15(14) Abdominal cerarii without auxiliary setae, except for some auxiliary setae in anal lobecerarii (C 18).................... 16</p><p>- Abdominal cerarii all containing auxiliary setae............................................................ 17</p><p>16(15) Ventral submargin of prothorax near each anterior coxa with oral collar tubular duct group.......... F. polysperes Williams</p><p>- Ventral submargin of prothorax near each anterior coxa without oral collar tubular ducts......... F. delonicola Zhang &amp; Wu</p><p>17(15) Antennae each with 8 segments. Anal lobe cerarii (C 18) each containing 2 conical setae......... F. macarangae (Takahashi)</p><p>- Antennae each with 7 segments. Anal lobe cerarii (C 18) each containing 5–8 conical setae.................................................................................................... F. guiyangensis Liu &amp; Xing sp. nov.</p><p>18(13) Ventral submargin of prothorax near each anterior coxa without group of oral collar tubular ducts..................... 19</p><p>- Ventral submargin of prothorax near each anterior coxa with group of oral collar tubular ducts......... F. liui (Borchsenius)</p><p>19(18) All or many dorsal setae conical................................................ F. robustus (Ezzat &amp; McConnell)</p><p>- Dorsal setae not conical: either short, thick and stiff, or flagellate............................ F. sinensis (Borchsenius)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A6B02FFFDFFFC7A6EDFD03FC0A7E2A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Liu, Qing;Zheng, Xinyi;Xing, Jichun	Liu, Qing, Zheng, Xinyi, Xing, Jichun (2026): Description of a new species of the genus Formicococcus Takahashi 1928 (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Pseudococcidae) from China. Zootaxa 5748 (3): 400-408, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.5, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5748.3.5
