taxonID	type	description	language	source
039A510AFFDCFFA0FF18F902ED77FF5D.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Scottolana geei (Mu & Huys, 2004). Other species: Scottolana antillensis (Fiers, 1984); S. brevifurca (Wells, 1967); S. bulbifera (Chislenko, 1971); S. bulbosa (Por, 1964); S. daecheonensis Bang, Moon & Back, 2022; S. dissimilis (Fiers, 1982); S. glabra (Fiers, 1982); S. gomezi Nazari, Mirshamsi, Sari, Aliabadian & Martínez Arbizu, 2018; S. huysi Song, Kangtia, Khim & Chullasorn, 2018; S. inopinata (Thompson I. C. & Scott A., 1903); S. jasani Song, Kangtia, Khim & Chullasorn, 2018; S. longipes (Thompson I. C. & Scott A., 1903); S. oleosa (Wells & Rao, 1987); S. rostrata (Wells & Rao, 1987); S. scotti (Sewell, 1940); S. tama sp. nov.; S. tumidiseta (Wells & Rao, 1987); S. uxoris (Por, 1983); S. wonchoeli Bang, Moon & Back, 2022.	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFDDFFACFF18FE98EB28FD99.taxon	description	(Figs. 2 – 11)	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFDDFFACFF18FE98EB28FD99.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Ovigerous ♀ holotype preserved in alcohol (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 01), ♂ allotype preserved in alcohol (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 02), three ♀ paratypes dissected and mounted on six, 14, and eight slides (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 03 – 05), one ♂ paratype dissected and mounted on seven slides (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 06), five ♀, one ♂ CV, and three ♀ paratypes (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 07), and two ♀ paratypes (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 08) preserved in alcohol; holotype, allotype and paratypes ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 05 – 07 from the type locality (stn 8, see below), paratype ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 08 from stn 7 (see below); February 2, 2023; Leonardo García-Vázquez leg. Type locality. North-western Mexico, northern Sinaloa state, Ohuira Bay, stn 8 (25.64 ° N, 108.96 ° W), sand 57.26 %, silt 25.67 %, clay 17.08 %, C org 2.84 %. Other sites. North-western Mexico, northern Sinaloa state, Ohuira Bay, stn 7 (25.66 ° N, 108.96 ° W; sand 16.23 %, silt 59.54 %, clay 24.22 %, C org 2.24 %); Ensenada del Pabellón lagoon, stn 4 (24.48 ° N, 107.65 ° W) [see Gómez Noguera & Hendrickx (1997)], clayish sediment, C org 1.29 µmol g- 1. Additional material preserved in alcohol. North-western Mexico, northern Sinaloa state, Ohuira Bay: one CIII (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 09; stn 1; 25.61 ° N, 109.03 ° W; sand 67.07 %, silt 23.79 %, clay 9.14 %, C org 1.07 %), one ♀, one ♀ and one CV, and three ♀ and one ♂ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 10 – 12; stn 2; 25.6 ° N, 109.02 ° W; sand 92.22 %, silt 6.03 %, clay 1.86 %, C org 0.37 %), three ♀, and three ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 13 – 14; stn 4; 25.62 ° N, 108.98 ° W; sand 16.52 %, silt 53.61 %, clay 29.87 %, C org 3.36 %), one ♀, and two ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 15 – 16; stn 5; 25.6 ° N, 108.98 ° W; sand 47.88 %, silt 37.99 %, clay 14.12 %, C org 2.19 %), one ♀ and one ♂, and one ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 17 – 18; stn 6; 25.56 ° N, 108.98 ° W; sand 27.34 %, silt 49.06 %, clay 23.60 %, C org 2.37 %), three ♀, and five ♀ and one ♂ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 19 – 20; stn 7; 25.66 ° N, 108.96 ° W; sand 16.23 %, silt 59.54 %, clay 24.22 %, C org 2.24 %), and three ♀, one ♂, and one CV (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 21; stn 8; 25.64 ° N, 108.96 ° W; sand 57.26 %, silt 25.67 %, clay 17.08 %, C org 2.84), collected in February, 2023; six ♀, two ♂, and two CV, and seven ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 05 – 06; stn 1; 25.61 ° N, 109.03 ° W; sand 71.68 %, silt 21.48 %, clay 6.84 %, C org 0.93 %), two ♀, and three ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 07 – 08; stn 3; 25.64 ° N, 109.0 ° W; sand 41.93 %, silt 40.88 %, clay 17.19 %, C org 1.49 %), three ♀ and one ♂ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 09; stn 4; 25.62 ° N, 108.98 ° W; sand 20.77 %, silt 53.54 %, clay 25.68 %, C org 2.89 %), one ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 10; stn 5; 25.6 ° N, 108.98 ° W; sand 30.62 %, silt 52.75 %, clay 16.62 %, C org 1.67 %), one ♀, and two ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 11 – 12; stn 6; 25.56 ° N, 108.98 ° W; sand 15.37 %, silt 58.58 %, clay 26.06 %, C org 2.58 %), three ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 13; stn 8; 25.64 ° N, 108.96 ° W; sand 41.42 %, silt 38.45 %, clay 20.12 %, C org 2.48 %); June 2 2023; Leonardo García-Vázquez leg. Additional material dissected. North-western Mexico, central Sinaloa state, Ensenada del Pabellón lagoon: one ♀ (ICML-EMUCOP- 010591 - 64) mounted on four slides; May 5, 1991 (see above for some environmental variables).	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFDDFFACFF18FE98EB28FD99.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species is dedicated to the fond memory of our friend and colleague Sergio “ Tama ” Rendón Rodríguez † (Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología).	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFDDFFACFF18FE98EB28FD99.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Canuellidae. Caudal rami with seven setae arising (sub) distally of which one inner element (seta II) transformed into a strong spine with a conspicuous setule-like structure (tube-pore?). Antennule seemingly six-segmented, with second to fifth segments imperfectly separated. Antenna with eight-segmented exopod, and three-segmented endopod; EXP 1 – 7 with one, EXP 8 with four setae; ENP 1 with two, ENP 2 with four, ENP 3 with seven elements. Mandibular EXP three-segmented, EXP 1 with two, EXP 2 with one, EXP 3 with three elements; ENP two-segmented, ENP 1 with three, ENP 2 with eight setae. Maxillulary EXP one-segmented, with 11 setae. Maxillary ENP two-segmented. Maxilliped phyllopodial; syncoxa with one praecoxal seta, and three coxal endites bearing two, four and two setae, respectively; basis with two, ENP with 11 setae. Male P 6 a triangular plate with one distal smooth seta, and genital area with two slender long elements with clawed distal part. Description of female. Habitus (Fig. 2 A) semicylindrical; total body length measured from anterior tip of rostrum to posterior margin of caudal rami ranging from 860 µm to 1100 µm (mean = 1008.8 µm; n = 8), with maximum width at the posterior margin of cephalosome. General body shape largely as in S. antillensis. Rostrum (Fig. 5 E) not fused to cephalosome; large, triangular, with rounded tip; with one subapical sensilla on each side; no pore detected. First pedigerous somite free; first to fourth pedigerous somites of about the same width, with parallel lateral margins; surface of prosomites covered with minute denticles, with smooth posterior hyaline fringes. Urosome (Figs. 2 A, 3 A, B) tapering posteriad, consisting of fifth pedigerous somite, genital somite and third urosomite fused dorsally and ventrally forming genital double-somite (the latter slightly longer than wide, with lateral internal cuticular band indicating former division between somites and with genital area (Fig. 3 B) situated proximally in the middle of ventral surface), two free urosomites, and anal somite with rounded anal operculum and caudal rami; surface of urosomites covered with tiny denticles, with sensilla and pores as shown; hyaline posterior fringe of fifth pedigerous somite, genital double-somite, fourth and fifth urosomites plain, hyaline fringe of anal somite minutely incised and flanked by two transverse rows of spinules. Caudal rami (Fig. 3 A, B) as long as fifth and anal somites combined, slightly conical, slightly tapering posteriad; inner and outer margins nearly straight; with seven setae arising (sub) distally, homology of setae difficult to determine, most probably as follows: seta I and II displaced ventrally on inner margin, the former short and slender, the latter transformed into a strong blunt spine with a conspicuous setule-like structure (tube-pore?) (Figs. 3 B, 4); seta III long, displaced ventrally close to inner distal corner; seta IV dorsal to seta V, the former without, the latter with fracture plane; seta VI short and slender, close to seta V; dorsal seta VII biarticulate at base, close to inner distal corner. Female holotype with two multiseriate egg sacs with 11 eggs each. Antennule (Fig. 5 A, B) presumably with six original segments. First segment unarmed, with two subdistal rows of long spinules ventrally; second to fifth segments imperfectly separated, with 28 setae in all of which eight biarticulate, and two (seemingly free) aesthetascs; sixth segment with 14 elements of which one biarticulate. Antenna (Fig. 5 C, D) biramous. Basis unornamented. Exopod relatively shorter than endopod; eight-segmented; first-seventh segments with one, eighth segment with four pinnate elements. Endopod three-segmented; first segment with two, second segment with two medial and two distal setae as figured, third segment with six pinnate well-developed setae and one small, slender, bare element. Mandible (Fig. 6 A, B) with well-developed gnathobase bearing multicuspidate teeth and one pinnate seta as shown. Basis large, with two inner subdistal pinnate setae. Exopod three-segmented, bent outwards, first and third segments shortest, middle segment longest; first segment with one proximal and one subdistal seta, second segment with one proximal element, third segment with three setae; all setae plumose. Endopod two-segmented; first segment larger, with three inner subdistal setae, second segment with eight distal elements as depicted. Maxillule (Fig. 6 C – F) with praecoxa and coxa partially fused. Praecoxal arthrite with medial row of small spinules and with two surface setae, distally with eight spines and two setae as shown. Coxal endite with short row of subdistal spinules and six setae; with two long plumose epipodal setae. Basis with row of long inner spinules, seemingly with two ill-defined endites of which proximal with three, distal with five elements. Exopod large, slightly bent outwards, one-segmented; with five inner relatively short setae, five distal very long elements, and one outer reduced seta; all elements plumose. Endopod shorter than exopod, two-segmented; first segment larger, with five inner elements as shown; second segment with six plumose setae. Maxilla (Fig. 7 A) with large praecoxa bearing two endites; proximal endite larger than distal, with three long pinnate elements and one small bare seta; distal endite with two pinnate setae. Coxa shorter than praecoxa; with two endites of which proximal somewhat shorter, each endite with subdistal small spinules and three setae as shown. Allobasis drawn out into strong unipinnate claw accompanied by five elements of which one a strong spinulose spine nearly as long as claw. Endopod two-segmented; first segment with five, third segment with four setae. Maxilliped (Fig. 7 B) phyllopodial. Praecoxa and coxa fused forming syncoxa; with one — praecoxal — proximal seta, and thee — coxal — endites of which proximal with two (one unipinnate, one strongly spinulose), medial with four (two unipinnate, two strongly spinulose), distal with two unipinnate setae. Basis with slender long spinules along outer margin and small subdistal spinular ornaments as figured, with two unipinnate setae. Endopod one-segmented, as long as basis; with 11 setae arranged as follows: innermost element strongly spinulose, three pairs composed of one inner unipinnate seta and one strongly spinulose element each, and four outer plumose elements. P 1 (Fig. 8 A) with intercoxal sclerite transversely elongate. Coxa and basis with spinular ornamentation as figured, the former with inner long pinnate seta, the latter with outer pinnate seta and inner pinnate spine. Exopod three-segmented of which EXP 1 largest; EXP 1 – 2 with spinular ornamentation as shown, EXP 3 seemingly without spinular ornamentation; EXP 1 with outer spine, without inner armature; EXP 2 with outer spine and inner seta; EXP 3 with three outer spines, two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner seta), and two inner setae. Endopod with three segments of similar lengths, but ENP 1 larger, ENP 3 reaching beyond EXP 3; ENP 1 with long outer setules, with one proximal inner seta; ENP 2 with strong outer spinules, with one medial inner seta; ENP 3 with strong outer spinules, with two outer spines, two apical elements (one distal outer flagellate short spine, one distal inner seta), and two inner setae. P 2 (Fig. 8 B) with U-shaped intercoxal sclerite with two distal pointed tines. Praecoxa triangular, transversely elongate, with small spinules along distal margin. Coxa large, with spinular ornamentation as figured, with long distal inner setules, with inner pinnate seta. Basis with long inner setules, with anterior spinules close to insertion of endopod and with posterior small spinules close to insertion of exopod, with outer pinnate seta as long as EXP 1 and EXP 2 combined. Exopod three-segmented, as long as but inserted at a lower level than endopod so that exopod appears to be shorter than endopod; EXP 1 and EXP 2 subquadrate, EXP 3 elongate, longest; EXP 1 with patch of strong outer spinules, with longitudinal row of inner setules, and with coarsely incised distal inner hyaline frill, with outer spine, without inner armature; EXP 2 with patch of strong outer spinules, with finely incised distal inner hyaline frill, with outer spine and inner seta; EXP 3 with few outer spinules proximally, with three outer spines, two apical elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner seta), and two inner setae. Endopod three-segmented; ENP 1 shortest, with posterior row of minute spinules close to outer margin, with long inner setules, with distal outer long apophysis reaching beyond tip of ENP 2, with inner seta; ENP 2 with longitudinal row of strong spinules on distal outer long apophysis, the latter reaching proximal third of ENP 3, with long inner setules, distal inner hyaline frill finely incised, with inner seta; ENP 3 longest, without spinular ornamentation, with subdistal medial pore, with one outer spine, two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner spiniform element), and two inner setae. P 3 (Fig. 9 A) with intercoxal sclerite, praecoxa and coxa largely as in P 2, the latter with inner pinnate seta. Basis with transverse row of small spinules close to insertion of endopod, outer seta visibly shorter than EXP 1. Exopod three-segmented, relative length of exopod and endopod as in P 2; EXP 1 and EXP 2 largely as in P 2; surface ornamentation of EXP 3 as in P 2, with subdistal outer pore, with armature consisting of two outer, two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner spiniform element), and one inner seta. Endopod three-segmented; ENP 1 shortest, with few outer strong spinules at base of outer distal apophysis, distal inner hyaline frill coarsely incised, with inner seta; ENP 2 largely as in P 2 but distal outer apophysis less developed, with inner seta; ENP 3 longest, without spinular ornamentation, with subdistal medial pore, with one outer spine, two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner spiniform element), and one inner seta. P 4 (Fig. 9 B) with intercoxal sclerite as depicted. Praecoxa as in P 2 and P 3. Coxa with spinular ornamentation similar to that of P 3, unarmed. Basis with spinular ornamentation as shown, with bare outer seta as long as EXP 1 and EXP 2 combined. Exopod three-segmented, relative length of exopod and endopod as in P 2 and P 3; EXP 1 largely as in P 2 and P 3, with outer spine, without inner armature; EXP 2 largely as in P 2 and P 3, with outer spine, with bare inner spiniform element visibly shorter than in P 2 and P 3; EXP 3 with few subdistal outer spinules, with one outer spine, two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner spiniform element), and one inner spiniform element. Endopod three-segmented, relative length of segments as in P 3; ENP 1 with few medial spinules subdistally, outer distal apophysis poorly developed, distal inner hyaline frill coarsely incised, with inner short spiniform element; ENP 2 largely as in P 2 but distal outer apophysis somewhat less developed, unarmed; ENP 3 longest, without spinular ornamentation, with subdistal medial pore, with one outer spine, two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner spiniform element), and one inner spiniform element. Armature of swimming legs as in the differential diagnosis above. P 5 (Fig. 9 C) incorporated into somite, with four pinnate setae of different lengths as shown, outermost basal. P 6 (Fig. 3 B) represented by one seta on each side of genital field, the latter midventral in genital somite proximally, large, with paired copulatory pores covered by flaps; largely as in S. antillensis. Description of male. Habitus (Fig. 2 B) semicylindrical, largely as in female except for genital and third urosomites separated; total body length measured from anterior tip of rostrum to posterior margin of caudal rami ranging from 800 µm to 940 µm (mean = 832 µm; n = 5). Urosome (Figs. 2 B, 10 A, B) tapering posteriad; consisting of P 5 - bearing somite, subquadrate genital somite, three free somites, and anal somite with caudal rami; with sensilla and pores as shown. General shape of caudal rami (Fig. 10 A, B) as in female; all setae displaced (sub) distally; seta I close to outer distal corner, ventral to seta II, the latter medially on dorsal surface; seta III long, arising close to inner distal corner; principal setae IV and V with fracture planes; seta VI slender, short, arising on inner distal corner; dorsal seta VII biarticulate, close to inner distal corner. Sexual dimorphism expressed in the unmodified condition of the caudal setae, A 1, and P 6. Antennule (Fig. 11 A, B) chirocerate; seemingly eight-segmented. First segment unarmed, ventrally with set of long spinules distally; second to fifth segments imperfectly separated, with 22 setae and two aesthetascs as depicted; sixth segment short, with three setae; seventh segment globular, with corrugated pads ventrally, with seven setae as depicted; last segment as shown, with seven setae one of which modified. Antenna and postantennal mouthparts, P 1 – P 5 as in female. P 6 (Figs. 2 C, 10 B, C) sexually dimorphic, similar to that of S. antillensis; each leg consisting of a triangular plate closing off genital pores, with distal patch of minute spinules, with one distal smooth seta; genital area with additional slender long elements as long as plates of P 6, with clawed distal part.	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFD1FFACFF18FD5CEEF6FCF9.taxon	type_taxon	Type species: Canuellina insignis Gurney, 1927. Other species: Canuellina canalis Por, 1969; C. femur Por, 1967; Canuellina secunda (Coull, 1971); C. pacifica sp. nov.; C. tuba Por, 1983.	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFD1FFB9FF18FC7CEECBF831.taxon	description	(Figs. 12 – 23)	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFD1FFB9FF18FC7CEECBF831.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. ♀ holotype preserved in alcohol (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 01), ♂ allotype partially dissected (habitus preserved in alcohol; right A 1, right P 1 – P 3, left P 4 dissected and mounted on one slide each) (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 04), two ♀ paratypes (ICML-EMUCOP- 020623 - 02 – 03), June 2, 2023, from the type locality (stn 2, see below); three ♀ paratypes dissected and mounted on eight, 11, and nine slides (ICML-EMUCOP- 020223 - 22 – 24), February 2, 2023, from stn 6 (see below); Leonardo García-Vázquez leg. Type locality. North-western Mexico, northern Sinaloa state, Ohuira Bay, stn 2 (25.6 ° N, 109.02 ° W); sand 79.59 %, silt 14.20 %, clay 6.21 %, C org 0.60 %. Other sites: North-western Mexico, northern Sinaloa state, Ohuira Bay, stn 6 (25.56 ° N, 108.98 ° W); February 2, 2023; sand 27.34 %, silt 49.06 %, clay 23.6 %, C org 2.37 %.	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFD1FFB9FF18FC7CEECBF831.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name refers to the region where the material was collected.	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFD1FFB9FF18FC7CEECBF831.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Canuellidae. P 5 - bearing somite with dorsal pattern of chitinized plates. Caudal rami with seven setae of which six unmodified, one transformed into triangular blunt, hyaline spiniform dorsal element close to outer subdistal margin. Antennary basis with one seta. Distal inner seta on P 3 EXP 3 nearly half as long as the distal outer seta; distal inner element on P 3 ENP 3 shorter than distal outer seta; distal inner seta on P 2 EXP 3 visibly shorter than distal outer element; P 2 ENP 2 with long stiff inner seta parallel to inner margin of outer projection. Female P 5 separated from somite, pair of legs fused medially, each with four setae. Male P 6 with four elements of different lengths, three outermost ones sclerotized, innermost shortest. Description of female. Habitus (Fig. 12 A) semicylindrical; total body length measured from anterior tip of rostrum to posterior margin of caudal rami ranging from 1120 µm to 1260 µm (mean = 1202.5 µm; n = 4), with maximum width at the posterior margin of cephalothorax. General body shape largely as in C. secunda. Rostrum (Fig. 15 A) not fused to cephalothorax; large, broadly triangular, with rounded tip; with one subapical somewhat thickened sensilla on each side. First pedigerous somite fused to cephalosome. Urosome (Figs. 12 A, 13 B, D, 14 A) tapering posteriad, hyaline posterior fringe of urosomites smooth, consisting of fifth pedigerous somite, genital double-somite, two free somites, and anal somite; dorsal and ventral surface of urosomites with sensilla and pores as shown. P 5 - bearing somite (Figs. 13 B, 14 B) with dorsal pattern of chitinized plates as shown. Genital somite and third urosomite fused dorsally and ventrally forming genital double-somite (Figs. 12 A, 13 B, D, 14 A, C), with lateral internal cuticular band indicating former division between somites, slightly longer than wide, with genital area situated lateroventrally in the middle of genital double-somite, with one side covered with minute spinules as depicted. Fourth urosomite longer than fifth. Anal somite shorter than preceding somite, with caudal rami. Caudal rami (Figs. 13 B – E, 14 D) largely as in C. secunda, rami visibly longer than fifth and anal somites combined, about 2.3 times as long as wide, proximal margin wider and abruptly tapering posteriad; inner margin concave, outer margin nearly straight; distal margin extended ventrally into a rounded hyaline outgrowth; with pores as shown; homology of setae difficult to determine; setal complement as in C. secunda, with two inner plumose elements on distal fourth, one medial subdistal dorsal seta, one short distal inner seta, and two principal distal setae of which inner with fracture plane, and additionally with triangular blunt, hyaline spiniform dorsal element close to outer subdistal margin (Figs. 13 B, C, 14 D). With two uniseriate egg sacs with eight eggs each. Antennule (Fig. 15 A) presumably with seven original segments. First to fifth segments imperfectly separated forming large first composite segment with two proximal spinular rows, with set of medial inner long setules, with 26 setae in all and two seemingly free aesthetascs; penultimate segment distinct, with four setae; last segment distinct, with 14 setae as shown of which proximal outer stout and plumose, three medial outer and two subdistal biarticulate. Antenna (Fig. 15 B) biramous. Basis with spinular row medially, with short outer seta. Exopod seven-segmented; first-sixth segments with one, seventh segment with four pinnate elements. Endopod three-segmented; first segment with outer spinules as shown, with two medial setae; second segment seemingly unornamented, with one proximal and two distal elements; third segment with seven setae (six long of which two bare and four pinnate as depicted, and one short naked seta). Mandible (Fig. 16 A, B) with well-developed gnathobase bearing multicuspidate teeth and several (five?) pinnate spines of which ventral longest. Basis large, with spinular rows as shown, with two inner subdistal setae. Exopod three-segmented, bent outwards; first segment with two setae (one medial, one subdistal); second segment with one proximal element; third segment with three setae; all endopodal setae plumose. Endopod two-segmented; first segment larger, with three pinnate inner setae, second segment with eight elements of which two outer plumose, two medial seemingly unornamented, the other setae pinnate. Maxillule (Fig. 16 C, D) with praecoxa and coxa partially fused. Praecoxal arthrite narrow, seemingly unornamented; proximally with one thick seta with long slender pinnae, distally with seven spines and one seta, with two setae arising from short setophore. Coxal endite with row spinules and five setae; with three long plumose epipodal plumose setae. Exopod massive, bent outwards, one-segmented; with 11 setae of which ten inner and distal long and plumose, outermost shorter and bipinnate. Endopod three-segmented; first segment with four medial and four distal pinnate setae; second segment with five pinnate elements, third segment with six plumose setae. Maxilla (Fig. 17 A) with praecoxa and coxa imperfectly separated forming large syncoxa, seemingly unornamented; with four endites, of which two praecoxal close-set (proximal with five, distal with two setae), and two coxal separated (each with three setae). Allobasis drawn out into strong pinnate claw accompanied by three setae and two spines. Endopod seemingly one-segmented, with nine setae. Maxilliped (Fig. 17 B) phyllopodial. Praecoxa and coxa fused forming large syncoxa with one medial and one subdistal row of spinules, with one (praecoxal) proximal seta, and three sets (endites) of setae with two medial, four subdistal, and three distal elements. Basis with longitudinal row of outer long spinules; with three spinulose medial inner setae, and one spinulose inner element arising from distal long setophore. Endopod one-segmented, with ten setae arranged in four groups with two, two, three, and three setae, of which outermost seven plumose, the other pinnate. P 1 (Fig. 18 A) with intercoxal sclerite transversely elongate. Coxa and basis with spinular ornamentation and with pores as figured, the former with inner long bipinnate seta, the latter with reduced outer naked seta and inner pinnate spine. Exopod with three subequal segments, reaching tip of ENP 2; EXP 1 with few, EXP 2 without outer spinules, the former with outer spine and without inner armature, the latter with outer spine and inner seta; EXP 3 unornamented, with three outer spines, two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner plumose seta), and two inner plumose setae. Endopod three-segmented, first segment longest, third segment shortest; ENP 1 with short longitudinal row of outer spinules and medial subdistal pore, with one inner plumose seta; ENP 2 and ENP 3 with anterior patch of spinules as shown, the former with one inner plumose seta, the latter with two outer spines, two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner plumose seta), and two inner plumose setae. P 2 (Figs. 18 B, 19 A, B) with U-shaped intercoxal sclerite with two distal pointed tines, proximal part triangular. Coxa large, with spinular ornamentation as figured, with medial inner pore, unarmed. Basis as shown, with medial pointed projection distally between rami; with medial pore close to base of endopod; with reduced outer seta. Exopod three-segmented, inserted at a lower level than endopod and reaching distal third of ENP 3; EXP 1 shortest, EXP 3 longest; exopodal segments with anterior patch of spinules as shown; EXP 1 with outer spine, without inner armature; EXP 2 with outer spine and inner seta; EXP 3 with two outer spines, two apical elements (one distal outer spiniform element, one distal inner plumose seta), and two inner plumose setae. Endopod three-segmented, first segment shortest, third segment longest; ENP 1 with outer pointed projection reaching tip of ENP 2, unornamented, with long stiff inner seta parallel to inner margin of outer projection; ENP 2 with outer and inner distal pointed projections, unornamented, with inner seta as shown; ENP 3 with medial subdistal pore, with distal pointed outgrowths as depicted, with two outer naked spines, two distal elements (one distal outer spine with hook-like spinules, one distal inner seta), and one inner seta. P 3 (Fig. 20 A) with U-shaped intercoxal sclerite with two distal pointed tines, proximal part of sclerite attenuated. Coxa large, with spinular ornamentation as figured, with medial inner pore, with strong inner spiniform element. Basis largely as in P 2; with medial inner pore close to base of endopod; with outer seta comparatively longer than in P 2. Exopod three-segmented, inserted at a lower level than endopod and reaching middle of ENP 3; EXP 1 largest, EXP 3 elongate; exopodal segments with anterior patch of spinules as shown; EXP 1 with outer subdistal pore, with outer spine, without inner armature; EXP 2 with outer subdistal pore, with outer spine and inner bipinnate seta; EXP 3 with subdistal outer pore, with four elements displaced distally (two outer spines, one distal outer and one distal inner seta). Endopod three-segmented, first segment shortest, third segment longest; ENP 1 with outer pointed projection reaching middle of ENP 2, without spinular ornamentation, with subdistal outer pore and distal inner hyaline frill, with inner spine; ENP 2 with outer distal pointed projection, unornamented, with subdistal outer pore, with distal inner hyaline frill, with inner seta; ENP 3 with distal pointed outgrowths as depicted, unornamented, with medial subdistal pore, with two outer spines, and two distal elements (one distal outer spine, one distal inner spiniform element). P 4 (Fig. 20 B) with intercoxal sclerite as depicted. Coxa with spinular ornamentation and medial inner pore similar to that of P 3, with short inner seta. Basis with transverse spinular row distally close to insertion site of endopod, with proximal outer pore, with long outer seta. Exopod three-segmented, inserted at a lower level than endopod, much longer than the latter; EXP 1 largest, EXP 2 and EXP 3 subequal in length; exopodal segments with anterior patch of spinules as shown; EXP 1 with small spinules distally and medially close to inner margin, with long outer spine, without inner armature; EXP 2 with small spinules along inner margin as shown, with outer long spine, without inner armature; spinular ornamentation of EXP 3 largely as in EXP 2, with subdistal outer pore, with two outer spines and two distal elements (one distal outer long seta, one distal inner shorter spiniform element). Endopod two-segmented, reaching tip of EXP 2, first segment shortest; ENP 1 with small outer distal spinules, with medial pore, with inner strong, bare spine; ENP 2 with outer distal pointed projection, unornamented, with outer subdistal pore, with three elements (one outer and one distal seta, one inner spine). Armature of swimming legs as in the differential diagnosis above. P 5 (Fig. 13 A, D) separated from somite, pair of legs fused medially forming transversely elongated plate, with four plumose setae of different lengths as shown, of which outermost (basal) longest. P 6 (Figs. 13 D, 14 C) represented by one long seta on each side of genital field, close to lateral margins; genital field large, with paired copulatory pores covered by flaps. Description of male. Habitus (Fig. 12 B) semicylindrical, largely as in female except for genital and third urosomites separated; total body length of the only male specimen found, measured from anterior tip of rostrum to posterior margin of caudal rami 1050 µm. Urosome tapering posteriad, consisting of P 5 - bearing somite, subquadrate genital somite, three free somites, and anal somite with caudal rami. General shape of caudal rami as in female, dimorphism expressed in segmentation of urosome, A 1, and shape of P 6. Antennule (Fig. 21) chirocerate; seemingly eight-segmented. First segment unarmed, ventrally with set of long spinules medially and distally; second to fourth segments imperfectly separated, with 23 setae and two aesthetascs as depicted; fifth and sixth segments short, with two and three setae respectively; seventh segment elongate, with eight setae; eighth segment short, with blunt tip, with seven setae of which three biarticulate. Antenna and postantennal mouthparts, P 1 – P 5 (not shown) as in female. P 6 (Figs. 22, 23) large, closing off single medial genital pore; inner margin distinct and with slender setules, outer margin seemingly fused to somite; with four elements of different lengths as shown, three outermost ones sclerotized, innermost shortest.	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFFEFF82FF18FA74EA49FCF9.taxon	description	Fiers (1984) described a new species of Scottolana, S. antillensis, from Jamaica. This species was, at the time, the only one in which the female caudal seta II is modified into a strong blunt short spine. Fiers (1984) believed that S. antillensis resembled most S. bulbifera, but differed in the free P 1 - bearing somite [fused to cephalosome as shown in (Chislenko 1971)], in armature formula of P 4 EXP 3 [with four setae in S. antillensis, but with five elements in Chislenko’s (1971) S. bulbifera], and shape of the spines of P 3 ENP [outer spine on P 3 EXP 1 elongate, and inner seta on P 3 ENP 1 relatively shorter in Chislenko’s (1971) S. bulbifera]. Mu & Huys (2004) provided the full redescription of S. bulbifera upon material from the Bohai Sea. They showed that the P 1 - bearing somite is not fused to the cephalosome, and that the outer spine on P 3 EXP 1 is visibly longer than the other outer spines of that ramus, that the inner element on P 3 ENP 1 is relatively shorter than in S. antillensis and spiniform, and that the P 4 EXP 3 possesses four elements instead of five as in Chislenko (1971) who might have confused the distal inner outgrowth of P 4 EXP 3 with a spine. Scottolana tama sp. nov. is clearly closely related to S. antillensis with which conforms a Neotropical monophyletic group defined by the (aut) apomorphic caudal seta II modified into a strong blunt short spine. These two species can be separated by i) the presence of a small setule-like structure on the modified seta II in the female of S. tama sp. nov. probably homologous to the whip-like distal part of caudal seta II of the bulbosa - group [Fiers (1984) inspected two females and did not observe such structure]; ii) female antennule with second to fifth segments imperfectly separated in S. tama sp. nov., but distinctly separated in S. antillensis [Fiers (1984) stated that the female antennule of S. antillensis is similar to that of S. dissimilis]; iii) antennary exopod eight-segmented in S. tama sp. nov. with one seta on first and second segments, but seven-segmented in S. antillensis with two setae on first segment [this might be an observational error since the second segment is sometimes concealed by the first segment giving the false impression of a single segment with two setae; also, the antennary exopod of Scottolana was diagnosed with eight – nine setae in Mu & Huys (2004)]; iv) mandibular exopod with two setae on the first segment in S. tama sp. nov., but with one seta in S. antillensis, and second endopodal segment with eight setae in S. tama sp. nov., but with nine setae in S. antillensis; v) maxillulary exopod with eleven setae in S. tama sp. nov., but with ten setae in S. antillensis, vi) maxillary endopod two-segmented in S. tama sp. nov., but one-segmented in S. antillensis; vii) the syncoxa of the maxilliped possesses nine setae (one praecoxal, eight coxal), the basis has two and the endopod 11 setae in S. tama sp. nov., but the syncoxa possesses ten elements (one praecoxal, nine coxal), basis has three and endopod ten setae in S. antillensis [Fiers (1984) interpreted the praecoxa and coxa of the maxilliped as separate segments of which the praecoxa is unarmed; the division between the praecoxa and coxa in Fiers’ (1984) figure 2 a is reinterpreted here as an integumental fold, thus being the praecoxa and coxa fused, with one praecoxal and nine coxal elements; the distalmost basal seta in Fiers’ (1984) figure 2 a is reinterpreted here as the innermost proximal endopodal seta, and therefore, the endopod possesses 11 setae instead]; viii) male P 6 with one distal seta in S. tama sp. nov., but unarmed in S. antillensis [however Fiers (1984), only found and inspected one male whose P 6 seems to have the inner cuticle interrupted [see Fiers’ (1984) figure 3 g], probably indicating the place where an armature element was inserted; the unarmed condition of the male P 6 of S. antillensis still needs confirmation].	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
039A510AFFFFFF81FF18FC7DEB86FD55.taxon	description	Sewell (1940) proposed Ellucana as a new subgenus of Canuella Scott T. & Scott A., 1893 for Canuella (Ellucana) longicauda Sewell, 1940 found in weed-washings at Nicobar Island. Coull (1971) gave the subgenus Ellucana full genus rank, and described E. secunda from the North Carolina continental shelf. Additionally, he commented on the presence of this species in Barbados (Coull 1970). Coull (1971) believed that Ellucana and Canuellina were closely related by the reduction in setation of P 2 and P 3, and by the similar genital fields. Coull (1971) gave an ample list of differences between E. longicauda and E. secunda from which he separated both species, but probably driven by Sewell’s (1940) brief description of E. longicauda, he suspected that, if rediscovered, the latter would prove to be conspecific with E. secunda. In his redescription of E. longicauda, Fiers (1982) rediagnosed the genus Ellucana and commented on the similarity between that genus and Canuellina. Fiers (1984) partially redescribed the female of E. secunda found in washings of coarse coral sand from Curaçao, and despite his list of differences, he concluded that E. secunda and E. longicauda were closely related. In his brief diagnosis of Canuellina, Por (1984) gave a list of species of that genus in which he included, without any reasoning, Canuellina secunda. By 1984, E. secunda was known to be distributed in Barbados, North Carolina, and Curaçao (Coull 1970, 1971; Fiers, 1984), and Yucatan, Mexico (Fiers 1984). Huys (2016) detected two lineages amongst the species included in Ellucana and Canuellina and he transferred C. onchophora Por, 1967 and C. nicobaris Wells & Rao 1987 to Ellucana, and E. secunda to Canuellina. These moves were based on i) the presence of normal outer spines on P 4 EXP 2 and EXP 3 in Ellucana, but elongated outer elements in Canuellina, ii) the shape of the male genital field with triangular opercula bearing a long basal styliform element and an inner uncinate spine, and a slender apical seta in Ellucana, but with several chitinized areas and lack of triangular opercula in Canuellina, and iii) male P 4 EXP 3 sexually dimorphic in Ellucana, but P 4 EXP 3 not modified in the males of Canuellina (Huys 2016). The male genital field is very similar in a core of species of Canuellina, viz. C. canalis, C. femur, and C. tuba (the male of C. insignis remains unknown). The opercula in C. canalis, C. femur, and C. tuba is reduced to a small plate with a distal short seta, and the inner uncinate spine and the basal styliform element are larger than in Ellucana. The male genital field in C. secunda is radically different. It is composed of P 6 bearing four setae (one inner minute, one middle inner long, one middle outer half as long as the previous seta, and one outer element). The Mexican material is clearly related to C. secunda. It fits all previous descriptions of the latter, but some differences were detected. These are: i) P 5 - bearing somite with dorsal pattern of chitinized plates in the new species, absent in C. secunda, ii) female and male caudal ramus with seven setae of which six unmodified, and one transformed into triangular blunt, hyaline spiniform dorsal element close to outer subdistal margin, but caudal ramus with six unmodified setae in C. secunda, iii) antennary basis with one seta in the new species, but basis unarmed in C. secunda, iv) relative length of the distal inner seta on the P 3 EXP 3 (nearly half as long as the distal outer seta in C. pacifica sp. nov., but distal inner seta only slightly shorter than the distal outer element in C. secunda, v) relative length of the distal inner element on P 3 ENP 3 (shorter than distal outer seta in C. pacifica sp. nov., but visibly longer in C. secunda), vi) relative length of the distal inner seta on P 2 EXP 3 (visibly shorter than distal outer element in C. pacifica sp. nov., but as long as distal outer element in C. secunda), vii) P 2 ENP 2 with long stiff inner seta parallel to inner margin of outer projection in C. pacifica sp. nov., but ENP 2 unarmed in C. secunda. At present, the genus Canuellina is composed of C. canalis from the Suez Canal, Sirbonian lagoon and south Red Sea (Por 1969), C. femur from the Gulf of Eilat (Por 1967), C. insignis from Port Said (Suez Canal) (Gurney 1927), C. tuba from the Gulf of Eilat and Red Sea (Por 1983), and C. secunda known from the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea (Coull 1970, 1971; Fiers 1984), and C. pacifica sp. nov. from the Mexican eastern tropical Pacific (present study). We believe that Canuellina, as currently known, is composed of two different lineages. The canalis lineage (C. canalis, C. femur, and C. tuba, and most probably, C. insignis) is distributed in the Red Sea and Suez Canal areas. The Neotropical secunda lineage (C. secunda and C. pacifica sp. nov.) is distributed in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and north-western coast of Mexico. These lineages share the elongate outer spines on P 4 EXP 2 and EXP 3, but can be readily separated by the shape of the male P 6 and genital field.	en	Gómez, Samuel, Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz, García-Vázquez, Leonardo, Armenteros, Maickel (2024): On some new species of Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 (Crustacea: Copepoda) from a shallow coastal lagoon in north-western Mexico. Zootaxa 5555 (4): 497-534, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5555.4.2
