taxonID	type	description	language	source
039D87F9FFF3FFF7FF4E1FD8F2D5FC4E.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Xinjiang, Aksu City, Wensu County, Kekeya, Takalage, 41 ° 41 ’ 30 ’’ N, 80 ° 22 ’ 1 ’’ E, 1850 – 2200 m, 22 July 2022, Y. S. Chen & T. Li 22149 (Holotype: IBSC; Isotype: IBSC).	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
039D87F9FFF3FFF7FF4E1FD8F2D5FC4E.taxon	description	Description: — Herbs perennial, 20 – 40 cm tall. Rootstock stout, apically branched, densely covered with remains of leaf sheaths. Stems solitary or many, ca. 5 mm in diam., erect, simple or branched above middle, nearly glabrous. Basal and lower stem leaves petiolate; leaf blade lanceolate or broadly elliptic or elliptic, 6 – 15 × 4 – 11 cm, fleshy, lyrately pinnatisect or pinnately lobed, both surfaces green, glabrous; lateral lobes ovate to oblong, margin entire or subentire; terminal lobes ovate to rounded, or triangular, larger, margin subentire, apex acute to obtuse. Middle and upper stem leaves petiolate, ovate to obovate, apex acute to obtuse. Uppermost leaves short petiolate or sessile. Capitula numerous, in a corymbiform synflorescence, pedunculate. Involucres campanulate, 3 – 4 mm in diameter. Phyllaries in 5 – 8 rows, glabrous, apex acute or acuminate, purplish-green, margin membranous; outer phyllaries elliptic, 8 – 15 × 2 – 3 mm; middle phyllaries narrowly ovate-elliptic, 4 – 5 × 2 – 3 mm; inner phyllaries linear-lanceolate, 2 – 3 × 1 – 2 mm. Corolla purple, 1.3 – 1.6 cm, tube ca. 10 mm, limb ca. 6 mm. Achenes reddish brown, cylindric, 2.5 – 3 mm, glabrous. Pappus white; outer bristles ca. 3 mm, scabrous; inner bristles ca. 10 mm, plumose. Phenology: — Flowering and fruiting from June to August.	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
039D87F9FFF3FFF7FF4E1FD8F2D5FC4E.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Saussurea aksuensis is named after its type locality, Wensu county, Aksu city, Xinjiang, China. In Chinese, it is called “ ñ 克 ḴKŧẅ ”.	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
039D87F9FFF3FFF7FF4E1FD8F2D5FC4E.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Saussurea aksuensis was found in Wensu County, Xinjiang, China (Figure 5). It grows on the negative slope of red soil, at altitudes of 1850 – 2200 meters. Additional specimens examined (paratypes): — China, Xinjiang, Aksu City, the Taghlag Coal Mine, 1800 m, 18 June 1978, Xinjiang Expedition 597 (PE, XJBI).	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
039D87F9FFF1FFF6FF4E1F48F5D2FD8D.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA. Xinjiang, Hami City, East Tianshan mountion, Dangsheng Gully, 43 ° 12 ’ 28 ” N, 93 ° 50 ’ 24 ” E, 1660 m, 22 July 2021, T. Li & Y. S. Chen CYS 21102 (Holotype: IBSC; Isotype: IBSC).	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
039D87F9FFF1FFF6FF4E1F48F5D2FD8D.taxon	description	Description: — Herbs 28 – 50 cm tall, perennial. Rootstock stout, apically branched, covered with remains of leaf sheaths. Stems many, erect, branched above middle, green, nearly glabrous. Leaf fleshy, green, both surfaces sparsely arachnoid, glabrescent. Basal and lower stem leaves petiolate, 2 – 4 cm, base widened; leaf blade oblong to elliptic, ca. 5 × ca. 2 cm, pinnately divided; segments 4 – 5 pairs, linear-lanceolate, margin entire, apex acute with a mucronate. Middle stem leaves gradually smaller upward on stem, pinnately divided. Uppermost stem leaves linear, undivided. Capitula usually solitary or in a corymbiform synflorescence. Involucre ovoid, ca. 5 mm in diam. Phyllaries in 5 – 7 rows, imbricate, purplish-green, arachnoid lanate, margin membranous, apex acute; outer phyllaries ovate; middle phyllaries ovate-oblong; inner phyllaries linear-lanceolate. Corolla purple, ca. 1.1 cm, tube ca. 5.5 mm, limb ca. 8 mm. Achene cylindrical, ca. 4 mm. Pappus white; outer bristles ca. 3 mm, setaceous; inner bristles ca. 10 mm, plumose.	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
039D87F9FFF1FFF6FF4E1F48F5D2FD8D.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology: — Flowering and fruiting from July to August.	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
039D87F9FFF1FFF6FF4E1F48F5D2FD8D.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Saussurea tianshanensis is derived from its type locality, the Eastern Tianshan Mountains, Hami City, Xinjiang, China. Its Chinese name is proposed as “ 哈ĒKŧ ẅ ”.	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
039D87F9FFF1FFF6FF4E1F48F5D2FD8D.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat: — Saussurea tianshanensis was found in Dangshen Gully of the Eastern Tianshan Mountains, Hami City, Xinjiang, China (Figure 6). It grows on the side of the canyon road, gravel slope, about 1660 m.	en	Du, Si-Yi, Li, Tian, Xu, Lian-Sheng, Chen, You-Sheng (2025): Two new species of Saussurea (Asteraceae, Cardueae) from Xinjiang, China. Phytotaxa 721 (2): 187-195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.721.2.7
