taxonID	type	description	language	source
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — BRAZIL. Bahia, Morro do Chapéu 19, 5 km SE of the town of Morro do Chapéu on the BA- 052 road to Mundo Novo, by the Rio Ferro Doido, [- 11.633333, - 41.033333], 900 m, 02 Mar 1977, R. M. Harley et al. 19280 (holotype RB 00855641!; isotypes CEPEC digital image!, K!, US!).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	diagnosis	Calea flagelliformis resembles C. candolleana but differs from the latter by the villous (vs. pubescent to hispid) indumentum of stems, leaves and peduncle, sessile leaves (vs. petiolate, on petioles 1.5 – 4 mm long), and craspedodromous (vs. acrodromous basal) venation.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	description	Herbaceous or shrubby, creeper or erect, 0.2 – 1 m tall. Stems cylindrical, striate, sparsely to densely villous, castaneous, internodes 0.5 – 7.8 (9.4) cm long. Leaves decussate, sessile, 0.75 – 4.9 × 0.25 – 2.05 cm, lanceolate or narrow lanceolate, base rounded, apex acute, margins serrate, 2 – 8 (– 12) teeth, teeth 0.8 – 3 mm long, strongly revolute, abaxial surface sparsely to densely villous, nerves villous to densely villous, glandular-punctate to densely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface sparsely villous to villous, glands absent, coriaceous, green, discolorous, venation craspedodromous. Capitula generally solitary, rarely laxly cymose, usually 3 – 4 leaves under the peduncle, peduncle 1.5 – 21.7 cm long, sparsely to densely villous; involucre commonly campanulate, rarely cylindric, 5.7 – 12.4 × 7.6 – 16.4 mm, 5 - seriate. Phyllaries margin entire, glands absent; first series of phyllaries 6 – 9.3 × 3.2 – 4.7 mm, narrow ovate or oblong to elliptic, apex acute, sparsely to densely villous, glands absent, margins green apex with margins revolute, foliaceous with base scarious, green with base yellowish, 6 – 8 - striate; remaining series scarious, greenish yellow to yellow, margin hyalin, flat, widely-striate: second series 5.5 – 7 × 4 – 5.25 mm, wide elliptic to oblong, apex obtuse or rounded, pubescent to glabrescent, rarely sparsely villous, 5 – 10 - striate; third series 7 – 9.5 × 4.5 – 5.25 mm, elliptic to narrow oblong or obovate, apex rounded, glabrous, 9 – 10 - striate; fourth series 8.5 – 11 × 4 – 5 mm, narrow obovate to oblanceolate, apex obtuse or rounded, glabrous, 10 – 13 - striate; fifth series 10 – 11.5 × 3 – 4.1 mm, narrowly oblong or oblanceolate, apex obtuse, glabrous, 10 – 11 - striate. Receptacle convex to conic, usually epaleaceous, rarely pauperpaleaceous (one paleae per capitula), ca. 7 × 0.2 mm, filiform, flat, apex acute, light yellow. Ray florets 8 – 12, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, 10.5 – 12 mm long, tube 1.9 – 3.0 mm, limb 8 – 9.9 × 3.5 – 6.9 mm, commonly wide oblong, rarely wide elliptic or wide obovate, apex 5 - lobulate or rounded, 5 nerves, surface abaxial glandular-punctate or densely glandular-punctate; style arms 1 – 1,5 mm long, yellow. Disc florets 25 – 45, bisexual, corolla tubular, yellow to golden, 3.5 – 5 mm long, tube 0.6 – 1 mm long, lobes 0.4 – 1 mm long, sparsely glandular-punctate or glabrous. Anthers 1.75 – 2 mm long, light yellow, appendages apex ovate; style arms 0.8 – 1.75 mm long, narrowly elliptic, yellow to golden. Cypselae 3.5 – 4 mm long, cylindrical, blackish, 4 - angled, ribs strigose or pubescent to sparsely pubescent, face strigose or pubescent to sparsely pubescent. Pappus 12 – 15 scales, free, monotypic, equal in length, 0.7 – 1.1 (– 1.5) mm long, elliptic to oblanceolate, apex obtuse or rounded, margins entire, apex erose.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Habitat — Calea flagelliformis occurs in campo rupestre and transitions areas between Cerrado and Caatinga in the center to northwest of Bahia state, Brazil (Fig. 3). Some specimens were found in the Espinhaço Mountain Range (Fig. 3). This new species grows at elevations of 845 – 1200 m, on rock outcrops or sandy soils, in moist sites close to waterfalls and among riverine vegetation close to streams.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	conservation	Preliminary Conservation Status — The Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of these species is 12,928.015 km 2 in transition areas between Cerrado and Caatinga and Area of Occurrence (AOO) of 48 km 2. EOO and AOO suggest different extinction risks, Vulnerable and Endangered (IUCN 2024), respectively. With the exception of two collections in the protected areas of Chapada Diamantina and the Boqueirão da Onça Environmental Protection Area, most collections of C. flagelliformis are from protected areas. Most records occur in Morro do Chapéu, outside the Morro do Chapéu State Park. In this area, the species faces the following threats: livestock (Schober 2002), agriculture and fires (Lobão 2006), and tourism (MMA / ICMBio 2007). These factors cause a continuous decline in habitat quality in the Morro do Chapéu area. The populations of the species found are severely fragmented (criteria B condition a), and it is estimated that the area extent and / or quality of habitat is in continuous decline (criteria B condition iii). Based on this, we consider that this species can be treated as Endangered (IUCN 2024).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	etymology	Etymology — The epithet refers to the very long trichomes of the villous indumentum of stems, leaves, and peduncle. The trichomes of this new species are the longest found in Calea species, measuring up to 5 mm in length.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology — The species was found with fertile individuals throughout the year, February being the unique month without records. The reproduction peak is probably in May and June, when most collections were made. Although fertile individuals were found year-round, individuals further north in the species › distribution (Fig. 3) were only recorded as fertile between March and April.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	discussion	Notes — Most of the specimens of Calea flagelliformis were previously identified as C. candolleana (Gardner 1848: 414) Baker (1884: 256) and C. pilosa Baker (1884: 257). These three species are morphologically related and belong to C. ser. Candolleanae (Bueno et al. 2024 b). In common with C. candolleana and C. pilosa, C. flagelliformis has herbaceous to shrubby habit, usually long peduncle, phyllaries with margin hyaline, first series of phyllaries ovate, corolla of ray florets 10 – 12 mm long, corolla of disc florets 3.5 – 4 mm long, anthers ca. 2 mm long, cypselae strigose, and pappus scales 12 – 15. The new species can be distinguished from C. candolleana by the villous (vs. scabrid to pilose) indumentum of stems, leaves and peduncle, sessile leaves (vs. petiolate, petioles 1.5 – 4 mm long), craspedodromous (vs. acrodromous basal) venation, teeth 0.8 – 3 mm long (vs. up to 0.5 mm), first series of phyllaries longer (vs. shorter) than the second series, receptacle epaleaceous, rarely pauperpaleaceous (vs. holopaleaceous, sometimes hemipaleaceous), disc florets tube 0.6 – 1 mm long (vs. 1.4 – 2 mm long), and pappus scales 0.7 – 1.5 mm long (vs. 0.2 – 0.3 mm long). Calea flagelliformis differs of C. pilosa by the sessile (vs. petiolate) leaves, lanceolate or ovate (vs. elliptic) leaf limb, teeth 0.8 – 3 mm long (vs. up to 0.5 mm long), craspedodromous (vs. eucamptodromous) venation, first series of phyllaries 8 – 9 - striated (vs. 2 – 4 - striated) and sparsely to densely villous (vs. pilose to sparsely pilose).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFADFF9611B8F9EBBA68579A.taxon	materials_examined	Paratypes — BRAZIL. Bahia: Santo Sé, Serra do Curral Feio — 8 km NW de Lagoinha (5 km SW de Delfino) na estrada de Minas do Mimoso, [- 10.400000, - 41.283333], 850 m, 03 May 1974, R. M. Harley et al. 16791 (K, RB, US); Vegetação, savana arbórea aberta — Ponto 13, [- 10.410556, - 41.405833], 29 Apr 1981, R. P. Orlandi 400 (RB); Jacobina, Serra do Cruzeiro, [- 11.206667, - 40.481944], 1040 m, 07 Apr 2001, N. G. Jesus 1303 (CEPEC, HUEFS); Morro do Chapéu, estrada para o Barracão, [- 11.422222, - 41.209167], 1111 m, 28 Apr 2006, J. L. Ferreira et al. 13 (K); estrada para a veredinha, [- 11.620556, - 41.007778], 910 m, 16 Sep 2015, M. G. Staudt & L. Barres 96 (ALCB, HUEFS); Tabuleiro do Tigre, [- 11.599444, - 41.164167], 1095 m, 18 Apr 2016, M. G. Staudt and N. Roque 137 (ALCB); Cachoeira Ferro Doido, [- 11.628056, - 41.000000], 941 m, 04 Jan 2005, J. G. A. Nascimento 196 (HUEFS); estrada para Cachoeira do Agreste, com 12 km da BA 052, [- 11.552778, - 41.178333], 940 m, 04 Jan 2005, L. V. Vasconcelos et al. 577 (HUEFS); Cachoeira do Ferro Doido, 20 km SE., [- 11.623889, - 41.001111], 900 m, 19 Nov 1986, L. P. Queiroz et al. 1301 (HUEFS); próximo à ponte sobre o rio Ferro Doido, [- 11.627778, - 41.001389], 1000 m, 28 Jun 1996, D. J. N. Hind et al. 3160 (HUEFS, SPF); 11 km N do Morro do Chapéu, na estrada para Jacobina, em leito de rio seco, [- 11.481389, - 41.068056], 845 m, 22 Apr 2001, E. Melo et al. 3467 (HUEFS, MBM, UEC); Serra of Morro do Chapéu, 20 Apr 1944, R. W. Schery 591 (US); Cachoeira do Ferro Doido, [- 11.524444, - 41.002222], 872 m, 23 Aug 2014, F. Hurbath et al. 653 (ALCB, US); Morro do Chapéu, [- 11.555556, - 41.049167], 970 m, 15 Jun 2006, J. M. Gonçalves et al. 60 (HUEFS); Santo Sé, depois de Campo Largo, estrada para Lagoinha, [- 10.410556, - 41.405833], 1087 m, 02 Apr 2002, E. R. Souza et al. 142 (HUEFS, K); Seabra, estrada Lagoa Boa Vista e Água de Rega, [- 12.242500, - 41.793611], 1117 m, 25 Jun 2010, E. Melo et al. 8361 (HUEFS); Umburanas, Serra da Empreitada, [- 10.446722, - 41.302528], 921 m, 21 Sep 2006, J. A. Siqueira Filho et al. 1786 (HVASF); Serra do Curral Feio ou Serra da Empreitada, entrando para W, cerca de 20 km S de Delfin, na estrada para Umburanas [- 10.366667, - 41.316667], 1000 m, 21 Apr 1999, L. P. Queiroz et al. 5220 (HUEFS, NYBG).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — BRAZIL. Bahia, Morro do Chapéu, trilha para o Morrão, [- 11.5914, - 41.2408], 31 May 2016, N. Roque et al. 4664 (holotype ALCB 022219!; isotypes RB!, SP!, US!).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	diagnosis	Calea nakajimae resembles C. candolleana, from which it differs by the lanceolate or ovate (vs. elliptic) leaf limb, petiole (when present) 0.4 – 2.55 (vs. 3 – 4.2) mm long, first series of phyllaries longer (vs. shorter) than the second series, pappus scales 0.5 – 1.2 mm long (vs. 0.2 – 0.3 mm long).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	description	Herbaceous or shrubby, creeper or erect, 0.3 – 1 m tall. Stems cylindrical, striate, scabrid to scabridulous, sometimes scabrid with sparsely long trichomes, rarely villous, castaneous, internodes 0.2 – 10.6 (– 31.3) cm long. Leaves decussate, generally petiolate, 0.4 – 2.2 (– 2.55), sometimes sessile; blade 0.4 – 4.25 × 0.14 – 1.3 cm, commonly lanceolate, rarely narrowly ovate, base usually truncate, often rounded, sometimes obtuse, apex acute, margins usually entire, often serrate, 2 – 6 teeth, 0.2 – 0.9 (– 1.4) mm long, strongly revolute, abaxial usually glabrous, often scabridulous, nerves usually sparsely scabridulous, rarely associated with long trichomes or villous, sparsely glandular-punctate, adaxial surface glabrous to sparsely scabridulous, glands absent, coriaceous, green, concolorous, venation eucamptodromous, sometimes acrodromous basal. Capitula solitary, peduncle 2.4 – 14.8 cm long, usually sparsely scabridulous to scabrid, rarely sparsely villous; involucre generally campanulate, sometimes cylindrical, 6.1 – 9.8 (– 11.9) × 6.6 – 12 (– 17.5) mm, 5 - seriate. Phyllaries margin entire, glands absent; first series of phyllaries 4.1 – 7.8 × 1.7 – 3.6 mm, narrowly ovate or lanceolate, apex generally obtuse and revolute, sometimes acute, usually glabrous to sparsely scabridulous, rarely sparsely villous, sparsely glandular-punctate or absent, margins not hyalin, revolute or just the apex margin revolute, foliaceous, green, 2 – 5 - striate; remaining series scarious, greenish yellow to yellow, margin hyalinous; second series 3.6 – 5.7 × 1.9 – 3.5 mm, oblong to narrowly ovate or widely elliptic, apex rounded, margin flat, usually glabrous, sometimes sparsely scabridulous, 6 – 9 - striate; third series 4.1 – 5.5 × 2.6 – 3.1 mm, oblong to narrowly ovate, apex rounded, margin apex slightly revolute or flat, commonly glabrous, sometimes sparsely scabridulous, 5 – 9 - striate; fourth series 5.4 – 7.1 × 2.2 – 3.2 mm, narrowly oblong, apex rounded, margin apex slightly revolute, glabrous, 5 – 8 - striate; fifth series 7.3 – 8.3 × 1.9 – 2.8 mm, narrowly oblong, apex usually obtuse, rarely rounded, margin apex slightly revolute, glabrous, 5 – 7 - striate. Receptacle convex to conic, generally epaleaceous, rarely pauperpaleaceous (three paleae per capitula), ca. 7 × 0.1 – 0.2 mm, filiform, flat, apex acute, light yellow. Ray florets (4 –) 6 – 12, pistillate, corolla liguliform, yellow, 9.7 – 11.5 mm long, tube 2 – 2.4 mm, limb 7.7 – 9.1 × 3.5 – 6.4 mm, narrow obovate, apex 3 – 4 - lobulate, 5 nerves, surface abaxial glandular-punctate or densely glandular-punctate; style arms 0.6 – 1,3 mm long, yellow. Disc florets 18 – 30 (– 50), bisexual, corolla tubular, yellow, 3.6 – 4.5 mm long, tube 0.9 – 1.5 mm long, lobes 0.6 – 1.1 mm long, glabrous or sparsely glandular-punctate. Anthers 1.8 – 2 mm long, light yellow, appendages apex ovate; style arms 0.6 – 1 mm long, linear, yellow. Cypselae 3.2 – 4 mm long, cylindrical, blackish, 4 – angled, ribs densely strigose to strigose, surface glabrous to densely strigose. Pappus 13 – 18 scales, free, generally bitypic, sometimes monotypic, usually monolength and bilength in the same capitula, sometimes monomorphic, shorter 0.5 – 1.1 mm long (longer 0.8 – 1.2 mm long, when present), oblong or oblanceolate, apex rounded, margins entire, sometimes erose.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Habitat — Calea nakajimae occurs in campo rupestre and transition areas between Cerrado and Caatinga in Bahia state, Brazil (Fig. 2). This new species grows at elevations of 1000 – 1300 m, on rock outcrops or sandy soils. Unlike C. flagelliformis, C. nakajimae is endemic to a single municipality, Morro do Chapéu, which is located in the Espinhaço Mountain Range in Bahia state.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	conservation	Preliminary Conservation Status — Calea nakajimae has an AOO of 183.26 km ² and an EOO of 36 km ² (Bachman et al. 2011); both projections suggest that the species is Endangered. The populations of the species are severely fragmented (criteria B condition a), as for C. flagelliformis; the area extent and / or quality of habitat is in continuous decline (criteria B condition iii) due livestock farming (Schober 2002), agriculture and burning (Lobão 2006), and tourism (MMA / ICMBio 2007). Although there is a protected area called Morro do Chapéu State Park, none of the species collections occurred within this park. Due this information, we consider preliminarily that this species is Endangered (IUCN 2019).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	etymology	Etymology — The species epithet is given in honor of Dr. Jimi Naoki Nakajima, one of the greatest researchers on Brazilian Asteraceae. Dr. Jimi N. Nakajima is a professor at the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) since 1992, he was curator of HUFU for 10 years (1992 – 1995 and 1998 – 2005) and of the Cerrado Biodiversity Museum in Uberlândia (2001 – 2003). In addition, he supervised undergraduate students, master’s, and Ph. D. candidates at the UFU, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, and Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Jimi N. Nakajima published around 80 articles, ten book chapters, and described two new genera and 30 new species. As the main or secondary collector, he produced approximately 23,000 specimens.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	biology_ecology	Phenology — Calea nakajimae was found with fertile individuals from February to November; probably this new species can be found with florets and fruits throughout the year. The species reproduction peak is probably in May and June, when most collections were made.	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	discussion	Notes — Like the Calea flagelliformis specimens, the C. nakajimae specimens were identified as C. candolleana and C. pilosa. With the exception of the length of the disc corolla and the number of pappus scales, the same characters that are shared between C. flagelliformis, C. candolleana and C. pilosa are also shared among these three species and C. nakajimae. Calea nakajimae resembles C. flagelliformis, it can be individualized by trichomes scabrid to scabridulous, sometimes scabrid with sparsely long trichomes (vs. sparsely villous to densely villous), leaf generally petiolate (vs. sessile), abaxial leaf surface sparsely indumented or usually glabrous, often scabridulous (vs. sparsely villous to densely villous), adaxial leaf surface glabrous to sparsely scabridulous (vs. sparsely villous to villous), venation usually eucamptodromous, sometimes acrodromous (vs. craspedodromous); phyllaries first series with base foliaceous (vs. scarious), third series 4.1 – 5.5 mm long (vs. 7 – 9.5 mm), fourth series 5.4 – 7.1 × 2.2 – 3.2 mm (vs. 8.5 – 11 × 4 – 5 mm), 5 – 8 - striate (vs. 10 – 13 - striate), fifth series 7.3 – 8.3 × 1.9 – 2.8 mm (vs. 10 – 11.5 × 3 – 4.1 mm), 5 – 7 - striate (vs. 10 – 11 - striate); corolla of ray florets with apex 3 – 4 - lobulate (vs. 5 - lobulate), disc corolla 3 – 4 times (vs. 5 – 5.8 times) longer than tube, pappus scales usually dimorphic (vs. monomorphic). Calea nakajimae differs from C. candolleana by the leaf blade lanceolate or narrowly ovate (vs. elliptic), leaf base usually truncate, often rounded, sometimes obtuse (vs. attenuate or cuneate), petiole (when present) 0.4 – 2.55 (vs. 3 – 4.2) mm long, first series of phyllaries longer (vs. shorter) than the second series, receptacle epaleaceous, rarely pauperpaleaceous (vs. holopaleaceous, sometimes hemipaleaceous), pappus scales usually dimorphic (vs. monomorphic), scales 0.5 – 1.2 mm long (vs. 0.2 – 0.3 mm long). The new species can be distinguished from C. pilosa by the leaf limb lanceolate or narrowly ovate (vs. elliptic), leaf base usually truncate, often rounded, sometimes obtuse (vs. attenuate), abaxial leaf surface usually glabrous, often scabridulous (vs. sparsely villous to densely villous), adaxial leaf surface glabrous to sparsely scabridulous (vs. villous to densely villous), first series of phyllaries usually glabrous to sparsely scabridulous, rarely sparsely villous (vs. pilose to sparsely pilose), and pappus scales usually dimorphic (vs. monomorphic).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
0392BF24FFAAFF9A11B8FC49B9A255CA.taxon	materials_examined	Paratypes — BRAZIL. Bahia: Morro do Chapéu, Telebahia Tower, ca. 6 km S of Morro do Chapéu, 1000 m, 16 June 1981, S. A. Mori & B. M. Boom 14449 (CEPEC, US); Piemonte da Diamantina, [- 11.681667, - 41.016389], 17 May 1975, A. L. Costa et al. s. n. (ALCB, CGMS, HUEFS); Reserva da Vila Açafrão, [- 11.681667, - 41.016389], 19 April 2001, E. Melo et al. 3334 (HUEFS, UB, UEC); Estrada para Romão, [- 9.93333, - 38.98333], 05 May 2007, S. C. Ferreira et al. 242 (HUEFS); em beira de estrada para a trilha do Morrão, 05 December 2024, D. Remor & A. J. Santos 505 (ALCB, HUEFS); Morrão (Alto da Antena), [- 11.58333, - 41.2], 05 May 2007, M. Freitas et al. 38 (HUEFS); Terço superior da estrada do Morrão, [- 11.585833, - 41.202778], 17 June 2006, J. M. Gonçalves et al. 101 (HUEFS); Morro ao sul de Morro do Chapéu, [- 11.5833, - 41.216667], 28 November 1992, M. M. Arbo et al. 5394 (HUEFS, K, SPF, UB); Fazenda Lagoa Preta dos Tropeiros, [- 11.5833, - 41.216667], 27 July 2024, N. Roque et al. 5427 (ALCB); Morrão, [- 11.590833, - 41.208056], 28 July 2024, N. Roque et al. 5528 (ALCB); Morro do Chapéu, Trilha do Tabuleiro do Tigre, 11 September 1956, E. Pereira 2146 (RB); morro da antena de televisão, 27 October 1978, G. Martinelli 5238 (RB); 26 September 1965, E. Pereira 10122 (RB); ca. 6 km do entroncamento com a BA- 144 (Morro do Chapéu — Utinga) na estrada para o Morrão (entrando ca. 1 km Sul de Morro do Chapéu), [- 11.585556, - 41.201944], 07 May 2019, L. P. Queiroz. et al. 16616 (HUEFS); summit of Morro do Chapéu, ca. 8 km SW of the town of Morro do Chapéu to the west of the road to Utinga, [- 11.583333, - 41.20], 30 May 1980, R. M. Harley 22824 (CEPEC, K, UEC, US); 16 km along the Morro do Chapéu to Utinga, [- 11.583333, - 41.20], 01 June 1980, R. M. Harley 22951 (SPF);); summit of Morro do Chapéu, ca. 8 km SW of the town of Morro do Chapéu to the west of the road to Utinga, [- 11.633333, - 41.283333], 30 May 1980, R. M. Harley 22824 (SPF, UEC); ca. 7 km S of town of Morro do Chapéu, 17 February 1971, H. S. Irwin et al. 32420 (RB, UB).	en	Bueno, Vinicius R., Roque, Nádia, Reis-Silva, Genílson A., Heiden, Gustavo (2025): Two new species of Calea (Asteraceae: Neurolaeneae) from Bahia, Brazil. Phytotaxa 730 (2): 149-162, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.730.2.3
