identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039287FDFFCBB800FF29E143FBEA80A3.text	039287FDFFCBB800FF29E143FBEA80A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japonoconger musteliceps (Alcock 1894) Kodeeswaran & Huang & Ajith Kumar 2026	<div><p>Japonoconger musteliceps (Alcock, 1894) comb. nov.</p><p>(Figures 1–4; Table 1)</p><p>Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894: 133, pl. 7, fig. 5</p><p>Bathycongrus musteliceps: Ogilby, 1898: 292</p><p>Gnathophis musteliceps: Castle, 1995: 713, fig. 4A–C, Table 1</p><p>“ Congromuraena” musteliceps: Smith et al. 2017: 37, figs. 2–3</p><p>Japonoconger sp.: Sumod, 2018: 132, fig. 3.22, Table 3.17</p><p>Materials examined. Lectotype, ZSI F13698 (364 mm TL); Paralectotypes, ZSI F13699-13702, 4 specimens (285–307 mm TL), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=80.46667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=13.85" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 80.46667/lat 13.85)">off Chennai</a>, India, Bay of Bengal (13º51’N; 80º28’E), 265–457 m depth. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=76.23333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.983334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 76.23333/lat 9.983334)">Non-types</a>, NBFGR / CONJMUS.1-10, 10 specimens (305 + –418 + mm TL), Kalamukku fishing harbour, Kochi, west coast of India, Arabian Sea (9º59’N; 76º14’E), Coll. by P. Kodeeswaran, 23 Mar. 2022.</p><p>Diagnosis. An elongated eel of the family Congridae distinguished by having head larger than trunk, conspicuously large gill opening, larger than interbranchial space, cephalic pores numerous, variable in size, IO 8, SO 6, POM 10 pores, vertebrae 9–10/ 34–35/ 109 + –152, pale to whitish, head, operculum and gill opening dark.</p><p>Description. Body moderately elongate, deepest at head, tapering toward tail, anterior portion cylindrical in cross section, posterior portion compressed; tail tip attenuate but not filiform (mostly regenerated due to damage); anus near first third of total length; head greater than trunk. Dorsal and anal fins continuous with caudal fin; dorsal fin begins anterior to pectoral fin-base; anal fin origin immediately after anus. Pectoral fin moderate in size. Gill opening very large and deep, much greater than interbranchial space. Lateral line complete, well developed.</p><p>Head deepest depth at gill opening, becoming narrower anteriorly; snout pointed, its tip projecting beyond lower jaw, intermaxillary teeth visible when mouth closed. Mouth moderately large, rictus slightly behind vertical through midpoint of eye; upper lip without an upturned flange; lower lip with a narrow downturned flange. Anterior nostril a short tube, on side of snout, about midway between tip of lower jaw and tip of snout; posterior nostril simple opening in front of eye, at about level of mid-eye and about one nostril diameter from anterior margin of eye. Anterior snout tip, where it extends beyond intermaxillary tooth patch, depressed, with narrow longitudinal ridge on its basal half.</p><p>Cephalic pores numerous, variable in size. Infraorbital canal with 8 pores: the first pore relatively large in size, just behind dorsal end of anterior nostril; the second also relatively large, below and behind first, on edge of upper lip; the third slightly smaller, beneath anterior margin of posterior nostril; the fourth just before rictus, below middle of eye; the fifth behind rictus and beneath posterior margin of eye; the sixth through eighth much smaller, located in ascending branch of canal behind eye. Supraorbital canal with 6 pores: first (ethmoidal pore) on underside of snout, moderately large; second larger, at anterior snout tip; third (and largest of all pores), on dorsolateral surface of snout, above and slightly before anterior nostril; fourth smaller, on top of snout, somewhat closer to anterior nostril than to posterior nostril; fifth slightly behind vertical through posterior margin of posterior nostril; sixth on top of head slightly behind posterior margin of eye. Preoperculomandibular canal with 10 pores: the first small, at tip of lower jaw; the second and third progressively larger, the third being largest; the fourth through sixth pores somewhat smaller, located between third pore and rictus; the seventh in mandibular canal behind rictus; the eighth through tenth in preopercular section. Supratemporal canal with three small pores, one median and one on each side (Figure 3).</p><p>Teeth on jaws minute, conical, pointed and multiserial (Figure 4). Intermaxillary teeth slightly larger than others and recurved, about 3–4 transverse rows arranged in a slightly chevron pattern, separated from vomerine and maxillary. Maxillary teeth in bands, wider anteriorly and narrower posteriorly, anterior portion in 6–7 rows, midportion in 3–4 rows and uniserial posteriorly. Vomerine with 4–5 rows of teeth arranged in a rectangular to slightly oval-shaped patch.</p><p>Size. The largest specimen examined is 418 + mm TL (tail tip damaged).</p><p>Colouration. Live colouration, body pale to whitish and head, fins and lateral line pores dark, with discontinuous pigmentations. Head darker than body, operculum and gill opening black. Dorsal, anal and caudal fins black. Stomach blackish. In preservative, body becomes dark brown in colour.</p><p>Distribution. Northern Indian Ocean: Oman east to Myanmar.</p><p>Comparative remarks. Japonoconger musteliceps can be readily distinguished from the genus Gnathophis by a combination of morphological features. The tail tip is slender, attenuate, and often regenerated, whereas in Gnathophis it is stiff and blunt. Head length is significantly greater than trunk length, in contrast to Gnathophis, where the head is shorter than or equal to the trunk. In addition, the body of J. musteliceps is pale to whitish, and the head and fins black, whereas species of Gnathophis are light to medium brown.</p><p>The slender, flexible tail of J. musteliceps resembles those of several taxa in the subfamily Congrinae Kaup, 1856, including Acromycter, Bathycongrus, Bathyuroconger, Congrynchus, Gavialiceps, Macrocephenchelys, Rhynchoconger, Uroconger and Xenomystax . The species J. musteliceps readily differs from Xenomystax and Congrynchus by maxillary and mandibular teeth concealed when mouth closed (vs. exposed when mouth closed in Xenomystax and Congrynchus); inner row of maxillary and mandibular teeth not separated from outer rows by edentulous groove (vs. inner row separated from outer row by edentulous groove in Xenomystax); and from Uroconger in having more than two rows of vomerine teeth (vs. vomerine teeth in single row in Uroconger); and from Bathyuroconger in having vomerine tooth patch rectangular to slightly oval-shaped (vs. vomerine tooth patch with some enlarged teeth and forming short row posteriorly in Bathyuroconger); and from Bathycongrus in having much more elongated vomerine patch (vs. vomerine patch with 2–3 enlarged teeth surrounded by small teeth and forming small cluster in Bathycongrus); and from Gavialiceps in having pectoral fins (vs. pectoral fins absent or reduced to a rudiment in Gavialiceps); and from Macrocephenchelys in having longer and more acute snout (vs. snout short and blunt in Macrocephenchelys); and from Acromycter and Pseudophichthys in intermaxillary tooth patch separated from maxillary and vomerine teeth by a distinct gap (vs. intermaxillary tooth patch confluent with maxillary and vomerine teeth) (Smith 1989) and from Rhynchoconger in having vomerine tooth patch longer than intermaxillary tooth patch (vs. vomerine tooth patch shorter than intermaxillary tooth patch); and from Promyllantor in larger mouth, its angle reaching anterior eye margin (vs. small mouth, its angle does not reach anterior eye margin), more IO pores (8 vs. 3–4 in Promyllantor) (Karmovskaya 2006).</p><p>Further, this species differs from the genera of subfamily Bathymyrinae Böhlke, 1949 in caudal fin is not reduced (mostly regenerated) and the tip of the tail is flexible and soft (vs. caudal fin reduced and tip of tail stiff).</p><p>Morphologically, J. musteliceps shows greater resemblance to the genus Japonoconger (see J. sivicolus &amp; J. proriger in Figures 5 &amp; 6; Table 1) than to any other congrid genera mentioned above. Currently, the genus Japonoconger comprises 4 valid species (excluding this study), namely Japonoconger africanus (Poll, 1953) [distributed in eastern Atlantic: Gabon south to Congo], Japonoconger caribbeus Smith &amp; Kanazawa, 1977 [Caribbean Sea], Japonoconger proriger (Gilbert, 1891) [eastern Pacific: Costa Rica south to Ecuador, including Galapagos Islands], and Japonoconger sivicolus (Matsubara &amp; Ochiai, 1951) [northwestern Pacific: China and Taiwan north to Japan] (Fricke et al. 2025). Japonoconger musteliceps can be readily distinguished from the abovementioned species in having postorbital pores (vs. postorbital pores absent in J. sivicolus and J. africanus), fewer precaudal vertebrae (46–47 vs. 52–54 in J. sivicolus and 53–57 in J. africanus) (Smith 1989) and differs from J. proriger in having more SO, IO pores (8, 6 vs. 6, 4 in J. proriger); pectoral fin tip pointed (vs. rounded); longer predorsal length (46.4–51.5% PAL vs. 38.6% PAL). Further, differs from J. caribbeus by a larger head (46.4‒51.5% PAL vs. 39–45% PAL in J. caribbeus), fewer ST pores (3 vs. 4–7), and fewer total vertebrae (109 + ‒152 vs. 160–166) (Smith &amp; Kanazawa 1977; Smith 1989).</p><p>Molecular evidence further supports this placement. Phylogenetic analyses based on partial mitochondrial CO1 sequences (trimmed to 552 bp) recovered J. musteliceps as a clade with Japonoconger sivicolus and Japonoconger proriger, with genetic divergences of 8.2% and 10.4% (K2P, MEGA X), respectively (highlighted in green colour range in Figure 7). In contrast, J. musteliceps did not cluster with Gnathophis (blue colour range in Figure 7) or any other genera of subfamily Congrinae mentioned above, which differ markedly in morphology. Two CO1 sequences (MW306762 and MW306763) from Indian waters that were originally submitted to GenBank as Gnathophis musteliceps grouped with the sequences generated in the present study, differing by only 1.4%. This indicates that they probably represent the same species redescribed here.</p><p>In conclusion, both morphological and molecular evidence corroborate the earlier hypothesis of Smith et al. (2017) that “ C. musteliceps ” is more closely related to Japonoconger than to Gnathophis . Gnathophis musteliceps should therefore be recognized as Japonoconger musteliceps (Alcock, 1894) comb. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFCBB800FF29E143FBEA80A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFCCB800FF79E507FE6A849B.text	039287FDFFCCB800FF79E507FE6A849B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ariosoma albimaculatum Kodeeswaran, Dash, Kumar & Lal 2022	<div><p>Ariosoma albimaculatum .</p><p>NBFGR/CONAALB, holotype, (487 mm TL); paratypes (nine specimens), NBFGR/CONAALB.1–9 (5: 305–401 mm TL), collected from deep-sea trawl by-catch, Colachel Fishing Harbour, off Kanyakumari, Arabian Sea .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFCCB800FF79E507FE6A849B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFCCB800FF79E5B3FF70852B.text	039287FDFFCCB800FF79E5B3FF70852B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ariosoma bengalense Ray, Acharya, Khatua, Roy, Mohapatra & Mishra 2022	<div><p>Ariosoma bengalense .</p><p>F12898, holotype (304 mm TL), collected from Petua Ghat, West Bengal, India, from a depth of 168 m; EBRC/ZSI/F12899, paratype (216 mm TL), data same as holotype . Ariosoma gnanadossi . ZSI F7146/2, holotype (283 mm TL), collected from the depth of 250 m, off Madras, east coast of India, Bay of Bengal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFCCB800FF79E5B3FF70852B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFCCB800FF79E403FC1D85BB.text	039287FDFFCCB800FF79E403FC1D85BB.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ariosoma indicum (Day 1871)	<div><p>Ariosoma indicum .</p><p>NBFGR/CONAIND, holotype (362 mm TL); NBFGR/CONAIND.1–2 (2: 355–371 mm TL), EBRC/ZSI/F13597 (2: 337–438 mm TL); NBFGR/CONAIND.3–9 (7: 335–433 mm TL) taken with holotype, all collected from Kalamukku Fishing Harbour, Kochi, Arabian Sea. EBRC/ZSI/F13604 (7: 223–356 mm TL) non-types, collected from Digha Mohana, West Bengal, Bay of Bengal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFCCB800FF79E403FC1D85BB	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFCCB800FF79E493FC8185F3.text	039287FDFFCCB800FF79E493FC8185F3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ariosoma majus (Asano 1958)	<div><p>Ariosoma majus .</p><p>EBRC/ZSI/F 11528 (2 specimens: 246–290 mm TL) collected from Deshpran Fishing Harbour, West Bengal, east coast of India, Bay of Bengal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFCCB800FF79E493FC8185F3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFCCB800FF29E1D8FA028612.text	039287FDFFCCB800FF29E1D8FA028612.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japonoconger Asano 1958	<div><p>Key to the species of Japonoconger</p><p>1A. Postorbital pores absent................................................................................... 2</p><p>1B. Postorbital pores present.................................................................................. 3</p><p>2A. Precaudal vertebrae 52–54; total vertebrae 159–164..................................................... J. sivicolus</p><p>2B. Precaudal vertebrae 53–57; total vertebrae 134–142..................................................... J. africanus</p><p>3A. Head length shorter than trunk; PO 0–2.............................................................. J. caribbeus</p><p>3B. Head length greater than trunk.............................................................................. 4</p><p>4A. SO 6, IO 8................................................................................... J. musteliceps</p><p>4B. SO 4, IO 6....................................................................................... J. proriger</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFCCB800FF29E1D8FA028612	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFCCB800FF79E6CFFCD5842F.text	039287FDFFCCB800FF79E6CFFCD5842F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japonoconger proriger (Gilbert 1891)	<div><p>Japonoconger proriger .</p><p>USNM 44295, holotype (261 mm TL), collected from the depth of 733 m, Ecuador, South Pacific Ocean; USNM 421208 (photograph examined).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFCCB800FF79E6CFFCD5842F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFCCB800FF29E78BFC5A87D7.text	039287FDFFCCB800FF29E78BFC5A87D7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Japonoconger sivicolus (Matsubara & Ochiai 1951)	<div><p>Japonoconger sivicolus .</p><p>20 specimens, 365 + – 653 mm TL. Daxi, Yilan, NE Taiwan. TOU-AE 8149 (1, 555 mm TL), TOU-AE 8150 (1, 365 + mm TL), 19 Jun. 2021. TOU-AE 9476 (1, 649 mm TL), 23 Mar. 2023. TOU-AE 10728 (1, 497 + mm TL), 11 May. 2024. Dong-gang, Pingtung, SW Taiwan. TOU-AE 8522 (1, 555 + mm TL), 21 Jan. 2021. TOU-AE 8537 (1, 590 mm TL), TOU-AE 8538 (1, 636 + mm TL), 06 Dec. 2020. TOU-AE 9517 (1, 504 + mm TL), TOU-AE 9518 (1, 464 + mm TL), TOU-AE 9519 (1, 427 + mm TL), 01 Apr. 2023. TOU-AE 9215 (1, 565 mm TL), 25 Dec. 2022. TOU-AE 9235 (1, 646 mm TL), 31 Dec. 2022. TOU-AE 9420 (1, 545 + mm TL), 17 Jan. 2023. TOU-AE 9435 (1, 647 + mm TL), TOU-AE 9436 (1, 611 + mm TL), 11 Feb. 2023. TOU-AE 10647 (1, 581 + mm TL), 2024. TOU-AE 11041 (1, 622 + mm TL), TOU-AE 11042 (1, 635 + mm TL), 24 Aug. 2024. TOU-AE 10115 (1, 546 + mm TL), 23 Aug. 2023. TOU-AE 10116 (1, 653 mm TL), 25 Aug. 2023.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFCCB800FF29E78BFC5A87D7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E56EFDA084C6.text	039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E56EFDA084C6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ariosoma maurostigma Kodeeswaran, Mohapatra, Dhinakaran, Kumar & Lal 2022	<div><p>Ariosoma maurostigma .</p><p>NBFGR/CONAMAUR, holotype (233 mm TL); NBFGR/CONAMAUR.1–3, paratypes, (3: 202–295 mm TL), NBFGR/CONAMAUR.4 (1: 229 mm TL) taken with holotype. NBFGR/ CONAMAUR.5 (15: 181–292 mm TL); EBRC/ZSI/F12905, (4: 206–273 mm TL) all collected from Kalamukku Fishing Harbour, Kochi, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E56EFDA084C6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E5FEFB898532.text	039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E5FEFB898532.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ariosoma melanospilos Kodeeswaran, Jayakumar, Akash, Kumar & Lal 2021	<div><p>Ariosoma melanospilos .</p><p>NBFGR/CONAMEL, holotype (302 mm TL), Colachel Fishing Harbour, southwest coast of India, Indian Ocean. ZSI F 14502/2, paratype (296 mm TL), same collection details as holotype. EBRC/ ZSI/F14040, Colachel Fishing Harbour, southwest coast of India, Indian Ocean.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E5FEFB898532	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E46AFE79858A.text	039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E46AFE79858A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ariosoma thoothukudiense	<div><p>Ariosoma thoothukudiense .</p><p>NBFGR /CONATHO, (440 mm TL), Thoothukudi Fishing Harbour, southeast coast of India, Bay of Bengal.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E46AFE79858A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E485FF4585E6.text	039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E485FF4585E6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bathymyrus echinorhynchus Alcock 1889	<div><p>Bathymyrus echinorhynchus .</p><p>ZSI F12440, holotype, 255 mm TL, east of Devi River mouth in Mahanadi Delta .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E485FF4585E6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E4A1FB5785AE.text	039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E4A1FB5785AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bathymyrus smithi Castle 1968	<div><p>Bathymyrus smithi .</p><p>NBFGR /CONBSIM. 1, 185 mm TL, off Karnataka Coast, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC2B80EFF79E4A1FB5785AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E3BEFAB982BA.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E3BEFAB982BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bathycongrus macrocercus (Alcock 1894)	<div><p>Bathycongrus macrocercus .</p><p>ZSI 11781, paralectotype, 280 mm TL, off Ross Island, Andaman Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E3BEFAB982BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E22AFB378316.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E22AFB378316.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Coloconger raniceps Alcock 1889	<div><p>Coloconger raniceps .</p><p>ZSI F11779, syntype, 262 mm TL, Andaman Sea, off Ross Island .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E22AFB378316	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E392FAB582DE.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E392FAB582DE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Conger melanopterus Kodeeswaran, Smith, Dhas, Kumar & Lal 2023	<div><p>Conger melanopterus .</p><p>NBFGR/CONCMEL, holotype, 569 mm TL, off Kanyakumari, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E392FAB582DE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E3F6FAB982F2.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E3F6FAB982F2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Congrhynchus talabonoides Fowler 1934	<div><p>Congrhynchus talabonoides .</p><p>NBFGR /CONCTAL.1–5, 265 + –315 + mm TL, off Kochi, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E3F6FAB982F2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E20EFEF0836E.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E20EFEF0836E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gnathophis ajithi	<div><p>Gnathophis ajithi .</p><p>IO/OV/ANG/00054, holotype, 343 mm TL, collected from the depth of 450 m, off Kollam, India, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E20EFEF0836E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E246FE6983A6.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E246FE6983A6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gnathophis anilmohapatrai Kodeeswaran & Karmovskaya 2025	<div><p>Gnathophis anilmohapatrai .</p><p>IO/OV/ANG/00055, holotype, 255 mm TL, collected from the depth of 264 m, off Kollam, India, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E246FE6983A6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E29EFEB683FE.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E29EFEB683FE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gnathophis arabicus Kodeeswaran & Karmovskaya 2025	<div><p>Gnathophis arabicus .</p><p>IO /OV/ANG/00056, 255 mm TL, collected from the depth of 600 m, off Kollam, India, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E29EFEB683FE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E2D6FAF38012.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E2D6FAF38012.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Macrocephenchelys sumodi Kodeeswaran, Smith, Kumar & Sarkar 2023	<div><p>Macrocephenchelys sumodi .</p><p>NBFGR/CONMSUM, holotype, 441 mm TL, off Kerala coast, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E2D6FAF38012	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E10AFA8F8036.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E10AFA8F8036.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Promyllantor purpureus Alcock 1890	<div><p>Promyllantor purpureus .</p><p>ZSI F12878, holotype, 419 mm TL, off Elicapeni Bank, Laccadive Sea .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E10AFA8F8036	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E16EFAFF806A.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E16EFAFF806A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhynchoconger bicoloratus Kodeeswaran, Mohapatra, Kumar & Lal 2023	<div><p>Rhynchoconger bicoloratus .</p><p>NBFGR/CONRBIC, holotype, 696 + mm TL, off Kerala coast, Arabian Sea .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E16EFAFF806A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E142FAA9808E.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E142FAA9808E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhynchoconger ectenurus (Jordan & Richardson 1909)	<div><p>Rhynchoconger ectenurus .</p><p>ZSI F7656/2, non-type, 103.8 mm PAL, off Quilon, Kerala, Arabian Sea.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E142FAA9808E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E1A6FC6380A2.text	039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E1A6FC6380A2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rhynchoconger squaliceps (Alcock 1894)	<div><p>Rhynchoconger squaliceps .</p><p>ZSI F1163/ 1, 103.7mm PAL, Gulf of Oman.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039287FDFFC3B80FFF79E1A6FC6380A2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam;Huang, Jian-Fu;Ajith Kumar, T. T.	Kodeeswaran, Paramasivam, Huang, Jian-Fu, Ajith Kumar, T. T. (2026): Identity and redescription of Congromuraena musteliceps Alcock, 1894 (Anguilliformes: Congridae). Zootaxa 5802 (1): 174-186, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5802.1.10
