identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
039587ACFFDCD532FF34903727FCDAB9.text	039587ACFFDCD532FF34903727FCDAB9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pericharini Grishin 2019	<div><p>Pericharini Grishin, 2019</p><p>(Figs 1–106)</p><p>Pericharini Grishin, 2019, in Li et al. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 116 (13): 6234, S1 App., p. 3, 7, 8, 54.— Grishin, 2019. Tax. Rept. Intern. Lep. Surv. 8 (1): 8; type genus:  Perichares Scudder, 1872 .— Cong et al., 2019.  Insecta Mundi 731: 6, fig. 1 (genomic tree).— Toussaint &amp; Warren 2019. Jour. Nat. Hist. 53: 35–36, p. 2175; eye.—Bizarro &amp; Martin, 2020. Guide Butt. Serra dos Orgãos. South-eastern Brazil, p. 268.—Kawahara et al., 2023. Nat. Ecol. &amp; Evol. 7: 903–913, Fig. S1 (time calibrated tree).</p><p>Type genus</p><p>Perichares Scudder, 1872, designated by Grishin (29-III-2019).</p><p>Description</p><p>Head: antenna longer than the half-length of the forewing; nudum, 11–19 segments. Labial palpus, in dorsal view, quadrantic; third segment rounded and shorter (Figs 61–66) than the second segment, this robust. Eye predominantly red. Eyelash usually present in  Orphe,  Oenides vulpina, Oz ozias,  Perichares butus,  P. colenda,  P. forbesi,  P. manu, and  P. metallica .</p><p>Thorax: mesotibia with or without spines, with a pair of apical spurs; metatibia with or without spines, with two pair of spurs; last tarsomere of all legs with a pair of long setae. Remarkable sexual dimorphism in wing pattern, except in  Perichares metallica (Fig. 51–52). Male DFW usually with stigma continuous or discontinuous (absent in  Lycas argentea and  L. devanes,  Perichares colenda,  P. forbesi and  P. metallica); when present, in CuA 1 –CuA 2 ( P. seneca), or between CuA 1 and 2A; usually narrow or broad half-moon-shaped (Figs 67–71), or (&lt;)-shaped as in  P. saptine (Fig. 72), or two tiny rounded pieces as in  P. romeroi (Fig. 73). Male usually without hyaline spot below CuA 2, except in Oz ozias,  O. sebastiani,  Perichares forbesi,  P. metallica, and  P. saptine; present in female, except in  Orphe vatinius and Pseudorphe pyrex. FW discal cell longer than the half of the wing; upper half of discal cell distally more projected than lower half; recurring vein M present in discal cell (Figs 74–81); origin of M 2 nearer to M 3 than M 1; dcs usually present; distance between origins of CuA 1 –CuA 2 wider than between origins of M 3 –CuA 1 in male and female, except in species of  Orses,  P. haworthiana, and  P. manu where the distance between CuA 1 –CuA 2 is narrower than origin of M 3 –CuA 1 in male, and the opposite in female (Figs 80–81).</p><p>Abdomen: male genitalia with harpe usually spined dorso-distally (Fig. 82–84, 86–87), except in  Lycas (Fig. 85), Pseudorphe (Warren et al. 2015), and the following species/subspecies of  Perichares:  P. chima,  P. deceptus deceptus,  P. furcata,  P. lotus, and  P. romeroi . Female genitalia with lamella antevaginalis comprised of a median projection covering the opening to the ostium bursae (Fig. 88–89, 92–94), except in  Lycas (Fig. 90),  Oenides (Fig. 91), and  Perichares manu .</p><p>Distribution</p><p>Neotropical.</p><p>Key to subtribes of Pericharini Grishin, 2019</p><p>1. FW with hyaline spot in M 2 –M 3 (Figs 95–96).........................................................  Orphina</p><p>- FW without hyaline spot in M 2 –M 3 (Figs 101–102).................................................. Pericharina</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587ACFFDCD532FF34903727FCDAB9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Suênia-Bastos, Ayane;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins	Suênia-Bastos, Ayane, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, Casagrande, Mirna Martins (2025): What does the morphology tell us about it? Completing the reverse taxonomy of Pericharini Grishin, 2019 (Hesperiinae). Zootaxa 5604 (2): 101-117, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.1
039587ACFFD8D53CFF34952B27FCDAF5.text	039587ACFFD8D53CFF34952B27FCDAF5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Zygaenidae Grishin 2022	<div><p>Orphina Grishin, 2022</p><p>(Figs 1–6, 66–67, 74–75, 82, 88–89, 95–100)</p><p>Pericharini ( Orphina) Grishin, 2022, in Zhang et al., 2022.  Insecta Mundi 921: 98, 105: type genus:  Orphe Godman, 1901 .</p><p>Genera included</p><p>Orphe Godman, 1901 (Figs 1–4); Pseudorphe Warren &amp; Dolibaina, 2015 (Figs 5–6).</p><p>Diagnosis</p><p>FW with hyaline spot in M 2 –M 3 (Figs 95–96). Recurring M vein nearer base of CuA 1 than M 3. Male stigma between CuA 1 and 2A, continuous in species of  Orphe, or discontinuous in Pseudorphe pyrex (Warren et al. 2015). Mesotibia and metatibia not spined. Male genitalia (Figs 97–100) with the tegumen projected over uncus; anterior projection of saccus longer than the tegumen + uncus, except in  O. gerasa; valva with well-developed ampulla; mid sacculus without setae (in Pseudorphe two setae are disposed in the inner margin of sacculus); aedeagus with cornutus.</p><p>Key to the genera of  Orphina Grishin, 2022</p><p>1. Male continuous stigma between CuA 1 and 2A (Fig. 67), external edge with one or more rows of scales. Female VHW with lilac or grey scales; if with yellowish scales, then light colour (Fig. 4)........................................  Orphe</p><p>- Male discontinuous stigma between CuA 1 and 2A (Warren et al. 2015). Female VHW dark yellowish colour (Fig. 6)................................................................................................. Pseudorphe</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587ACFFD8D53CFF34952B27FCDAF5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Suênia-Bastos, Ayane;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins	Suênia-Bastos, Ayane, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, Casagrande, Mirna Martins (2025): What does the morphology tell us about it? Completing the reverse taxonomy of Pericharini Grishin, 2019 (Hesperiinae). Zootaxa 5604 (2): 101-117, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.1
039587ACFFD6D53EFF34953027FCDA12.text	039587ACFFD6D53EFF34953027FCDA12.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pericharina Grishin 2022	<div><p>Pericharina Grishin, 2022</p><p>(Figs 7–60, 61–65, 68–73, 76–81, 83–87, 90–94, 101–106)</p><p>Pericharini (Pericharina) Grishin, 2022, in Zhang et al.  Insecta Mundi 921: 98.</p><p>Genera included. Oz Grishin, 2022 (Figs 7–10);  Oenides Mabille, 1904 (Figs 11–12);  Lycas Godman, 1901 (Figs 13–20);  Orses Godman, 1901 (Figs 21–24);  Perichares Scudder, 1872 (Figs 25–60).</p><p>Diagnosis. FW without hyaline spot in M 2 –M 3 (Figs 101–102); recurring M vein usually nearer the base of M 3 than CuA 1, with some exceptions ( Oenides, Oz, and part of  Perichares). Male stigma continuous in  Oenides,  Orses, and part of  Perichares, or discontinuous in  Lycas, Oz, and part of  Perichares . Mesotibia and metatibia usually spined, sometimes not spined in both tibiae, or only spined in mesotibia. Male genitalia (Figs 103–106) with tegumen not projected over uncus (except in  P. manu); anterior projection of saccus shorter than tegumen + uncus; valva with poor-developed ampulla; mid sacculus with several setae; aedeagus without cornutus (only present in  P. haworthiana).</p><p>Key to the genera of Pericharina Grishin, 2022</p><p>1. FW with three separated apical hyaline spots in R 3 –M 1 (Figs 11–20)............................................. 2</p><p>- FW without three apical hyaline spots (Figs 7–10, 21–60)..................................................... 3</p><p>2. DHW with a yellow spot between M 1 and M 3. VHW with silver bands (Figs 13–20)............................  Lycas</p><p>- DHW orange in basal and anal margins. VHW with one discal white band (Figs 11–12).......................  Oenides</p><p>3. VHW with costal margin projected in triangle-shaped at the base (Fig. 7–10), except in  O. sebastiani . FW with a broad orange hyaline band from costal margin to the space CuA 2 (Figs 7–10). Mesotibia and metatibia spined...................... Oz</p><p>- HW without costal margin projected at the base. FW with several isolated yellow or white hyaline spots; if with broad orange hyaline band, then mesotibia not spined.................................................................... 4</p><p>4. VHW with irregular lilac and brown, white and brown, or grey and ferruginous markings (Figs 25–32, 42, 44–46, 47–50, 53–54, 57–60). Sometimes VHW grey in the base (Figs 33–34), or with one or three longitudinal yellow bands between the base and the external margin (Figs 35–40), or with a transversal yellow band between the base and the external margin (Fig. 41); if VHW with marginal band, then between the apex and 2A (Figs 51–52); DHW orange in anal margin (Fig. 55–56)....................................................................................................  Perichares</p><p>- VHW without lilac and brown markings, and one marginal band between the apex and CuA 2, or two yellow bands, the first between the base and external margin in CuA 2 –2A and the second between the apex and external margin in M 3 (Figs 21–24)................................................................................................  Orses</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039587ACFFD6D53EFF34953027FCDA12	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Suênia-Bastos, Ayane;Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik;Casagrande, Mirna Martins	Suênia-Bastos, Ayane, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik, Casagrande, Mirna Martins (2025): What does the morphology tell us about it? Completing the reverse taxonomy of Pericharini Grishin, 2019 (Hesperiinae). Zootaxa 5604 (2): 101-117, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.1, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5604.2.1
