identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03837B24FFFB9A21FF2BFD5DFBD98D97.text	03837B24FFFB9A21FF2BFD5DFBD98D97.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corononema dhriti Datta & Rizvi 2026	<div><p>Corononema dhriti sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4BC4C5B2-E8F5-452D-A0F1-802E30A754D7</p><p>(Figures 2 and 3, Table 1)</p><p>Type material: Seven males and two females were collected in May, 2024 from Tamil Nadu, India, measured and studied. Holotype: 1 male on slide number ZSI–HQ/WN. 5151/1 (National Zoological Collections, Nemathelminthes Section, Zoological Survey of India–Headquarters, Kolkata, Worm Nematode), Paratypes: 2 males and 1 female on slide number ZSI –HQ/WN. 5151/2.; 4 males and 1 female on slide number ZSI –HQ/WN. 5151/3 .</p><p>Type locality and habitat: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.416084&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.17715" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.416084/lat 9.17715)">Intertidal sandy sediment at Dhanushkodi Old Town</a>, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, lying on the east coast of India, Bay of Bengal (9° 10.629' N Latitude and 79° 24.965' E Longitude). Characteristics of surface sediment: Temperature (°C) – 33.2, Salinity (ppt) –32; pH– 7.6.</p><p>Etymology. The species epithet ‘ dhriti’ is named in honour of Dr. Dhriti Banerjee for her significant contributions in the field of Taxonomy and Systematics.</p><p>Measurements (Table 1).</p><p>Descriptions</p><p>Males. Body medium sized, slender, ranging from 1076–1309 μm in length (Figure 2E). Cuticle strongly annulated, eight longitudinal ridges. Head distinct (Figures 2B, 3A). Lips high, deeply incised (Figure 2B). Buccal cavity with square anterior part, spacious and broad, gradually tapering posteriorly into a conical shape (Figures 2B, 3A). Groove present just below the lips, two scalloped cuticular rings (Figure 2B) within the mouth. Amphidial fovea circular, situated beneath the buccal cavity (Figures 2B, 3B). Pharynx cylindrical (Figure 2A); cardia small and triangular. Two opposed testes. Somatic setae present. Spicules cephalated, bulbous structure, rectangular curvature, tip pointed (Figures 2C, 3D). Gubernaculum with a knob-like structure, surround spicules tip (Figures 2C, 3D). Tail conical, tip without annulation (Figure 2D). Three caudal glands present.</p><p>Females. Similar to the males in body shape and structure except the reproductive system. Females possess single anterior gonad.</p><p>Differential diagnosis: Corononema dhriti sp. nov. differs from the other three species of this genus ( C. parvum, C. thai and C. vulgare) by the combination of the following characters: buccal cavity with square anterior portion, spacious and broad, gradually tapering into a conical posterior part (vs. cylindrical, deep and wide in other species); amphideal fovea circular, beneath the buccal cavity (vs. above base of buccal cavity or at the level of pharyngostoma); gubernaculum with a knob-like structure surrounding the spicules tip (vs. smooth, without the knob like structure, surrounding the spicules tip).</p><p>Comparative morphological characters of all species of Corononema including C. dhriti sp. nov are summarized in Table 2, and a pictorial guide is presented in Figure 4, adapted from Nicholas &amp; Stewart (1995) and Phuong et al. (2023). In addition to the diagnostic morphological characters, the new species is geographically distinct from its congeners. C. dhriti sp. nov. described from India, whereas C. parvum and C. thai have been originally described from Australia and Thailand respectively and C. vulgare from Vietnam (Figure 5).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03837B24FFFB9A21FF2BFD5DFBD98D97	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Datta, Ritika;Rizvi, Anjum Nasreen	Datta, Ritika, Rizvi, Anjum Nasreen (2026): Two new species of free-living marine nematodes, Corononema dhriti sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae) and Epacanthion indica sp. nov. (Enoplida: Thoracostomopsidae), from the Tamil Nadu coast, India. Zootaxa 5782 (3): 527-542, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5782.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5782.3.6
03837B24FFFB9A26FF2BFE86FA6B8A33.text	03837B24FFFB9A26FF2BFE86FA6B8A33.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Corononema Nicholas & Stewart 1995	<div><p>Genus Corononema Nicholas &amp; Stewart, 1995</p><p>Diagnosis (Emended from Nicholas &amp; Stewart 1995 and Phuong et al. 2023)</p><p>Cuticle prominently annulated with eight longitudinal ridges or without ridges. Lips high, deeply incised. Deep groove around the head just posterior to the insertion of six inner labial setae, in front of outer labial and cephalic setae, sets off the lip region from the slightly tapered buccal region. Pharyngostoma in the shape of cylinder with strongly cuticularized walls or square anterior portion, spacious and broad, gradually tapering into a conical shape posteriorly. Amphideal fovea circular, located at the level of pharyngostoma or beneath the buccal cavity. Spicules strongly curved ventrally, cephalated. Gubernaculum smooth or with a distinct knob-like structure, without dorsal apophyses. Precloacal supplements absent.</p><p>Identification key to species of the genus Corononema Nicholas &amp; Stewart, 1995</p><p>1. Buccal cavity cylindrical; amphideal fovea at the level or anterior to the buccal cavity; gubernaculum smooth..........2</p><p>- Buccal cavity with square anterior part, spacious and broad, tapers posteriorly into a conical shape; amphideal fovea located beneath the buccal cavity; gubernaculum with knob-like structure............................... C. dhriti sp. nov.</p><p>2. Longitudinal ridges present in the cuticle............................................................... 3</p><p>- longitudinal ridges absent in the cuticle.......................................................... C. vulgare</p><p>3. Head shorter and broader; ratio of length to width of the pre-annulated buccal region 0.64 –0.75............... C. thai</p><p>- ratio of length to width of the pre-annulated buccal region 0.87 – 1.04............................... ... C. parvum</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03837B24FFFB9A26FF2BFE86FA6B8A33	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Datta, Ritika;Rizvi, Anjum Nasreen	Datta, Ritika, Rizvi, Anjum Nasreen (2026): Two new species of free-living marine nematodes, Corononema dhriti sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae) and Epacanthion indica sp. nov. (Enoplida: Thoracostomopsidae), from the Tamil Nadu coast, India. Zootaxa 5782 (3): 527-542, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5782.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5782.3.6
03837B24FFF19A2BFF2BFD4DFCDD8AD7.text	03837B24FFF19A2BFF2BFD4DFCDD8AD7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Epacanthion indica Datta & Rizvi 2026	<div><p>Epacanthion indica sp. nov.</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org: act: A6CB8297-AE5D-45A6-BA27-ADB898B0A181</p><p>(Figures 6 and 7, Table 3)</p><p>Type material. Three males and five females were collected in May, 2024 from Tamil Nadu, India, measured and studied. Holotype: 1 male on slide number ZSI –HQ/WN. 5150/1 (National Zoological Collections, Nemathelminthes Section, Zoological Survey of India–Headquarters, Kolkata, Worm Nematode), Paratypes: 1 male and 2 females on slide number ZSI –HQ/WN. 5150/2 ZSI–HQ/WN .; 3 females on slide number ZSI –HQ/WN. 5150/3; 1 male on slide number ZSI-HQ/WN. 5150/4</p><p>Type locality and habitat: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=79.416084&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=9.17715" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 79.416084/lat 9.17715)">Intertidal sandy sediment at Dhanushkodi Old Town</a>, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, lying on the east coast of India, Bay of Bengal (9° 10.629' N Latitude and 79° 24.965' E Longitude). Characteristics of surface sediment: Temperature (°C) – 33.2, Salinity (ppt) – 32; pH– 7.6.</p><p>Etymology. The species epithet ‘ indica’ refers to the country of origin, India.</p><p>Measurements (Table 3).</p><p>......continued on the next page</p><p>Descriptions</p><p>Males. Body cylindrical, measuring 2825–3087 μm in length. Cuticle smooth, apparently with sub-surface annulations. Head slightly tapering anteriorly (Figure 7A). Cephalic capsule sclerotized (Figure 7B). Lips high, inner surface with semi-lunar striations. Six inner and six outer labial sensilla setiform; four short cephalic setae. Buccal cavity armed with three mandibles and three onchia (one dorsal and two sub-ventral). Mandibular column slender, separated by thin sheet of cuticle, 13–14 μm in length (Figure 6B). Amphideal fovea not observed. Pharyngeal glands present. Pharynx muscular, cylindrical shaped; cardia triangular. Numerous long setae present at pharyngeal region. A cervical circle consisting of 10 bundles, each composed of approximately 10 densely arranged short setae, located posterior to nerve ring (Figures 6A, 7C). Tail conico-cylindrical, with two short terminal setae and two long subterminal setae (Figure 6D). Two opposed testes situated to the left of intestine. Spicules short, slightly curved and narrow (Figures 7E, 6C); gubernaculum absent. A single precloacal supplement present, tubular shaped (Figure 7D).</p><p>Females. Similar to males in body shape. Paired, opposed and reflexed ovaries present.</p><p>Differential diagnosis: Epacanthion indica sp. nov. is characterized by a cervical circle composed of 10 bundles, each consisting of approximately 10 densely arranged short setae posterior to the nerve ring; short spicules measuring less than 2 cloacal body diameters (cbd) in length; the presence of a precloacal supplement and gubernaculum absent. Out of the 28 valid species within this genus, the new species is most similar to the group of species with cervical circle of densely arranged short setae (denominated Group I by Shi and Xu, 2016): E. fasciculatum Shi &amp; Xu, 2016; E. gorgonocephalum Warwick, 1970; E. hirsutum Shi &amp; Xu, 2016; E. longicaudatum Shi &amp; Xu, 2016; E. quadridiscus Shimada, Kajihara &amp; Mawatari, 2009 and E. sparsisetae Shi &amp; Xu, 2016 . Epacanthion indica sp. nov. differs from E. quadridiscus and E. sparsisetae in having cervical circle posterior to the nerve ring (vs. cervical circle anterior to or at the same level of nerve ring). Epacanthion indica sp. nov. is similar to E. fasciculatum and E. longicaudatum in having cervical circle below the nerve ring and a single precloacal supplement. However, the new species differs from E. fasciculatum and E. longicaudatum in having fewer bundles in the cervical circle (10 bundles in E. indica sp. nov. vs. 18 bundles in E. fasciculatum and 16 bundles in E. longicaudatum); the absence of gubernaculum (vs. present) and the presence of terminal setae (vs. absent). Epacanthion indica sp. nov. differs from E. gorgonocephalum and E. hirsutum in the absence of gubernaculum (vs. present), presence of one precloacal supplement (vs. absent), arrangement of setae in cervical circle (10 bundles in E. indica sp. nov. vs. in a wide band in E. gorgonocephalum and in a circle line in E. hirsutum).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03837B24FFF19A2BFF2BFD4DFCDD8AD7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Datta, Ritika;Rizvi, Anjum Nasreen	Datta, Ritika, Rizvi, Anjum Nasreen (2026): Two new species of free-living marine nematodes, Corononema dhriti sp. nov. (Monhysterida: Xyalidae) and Epacanthion indica sp. nov. (Enoplida: Thoracostomopsidae), from the Tamil Nadu coast, India. Zootaxa 5782 (3): 527-542, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5782.3.6, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5782.3.6
