taxonID	type	description	language	source
03850F029D06FFB67094FA11FD2BFA51.taxon	description	Figs 2 – 13 DESCRIPTION: Blades flat, thin, delicate, with smooth, pleated or undulate margins, blush to rose pink in colour, and with a soft, slippery consistency. Blades ranging from 1.5 – 35 cm long by 1.5 – 48 cm wide and 150 – 230 µm thick. Young blades vary in shape but typically slightly wider than high. Mature blades orbicular in shape and forming deep lobes. Blades single, erupting abruptly from a short, stiff stipe arising from a small discoidal holdfast that is usually attached to rhodoliths. Carposporophytes 600 – 900 µm in diameter, scattered over the blade. Tetrasporophytes and gametophytes isomorphic. Tetrasporangia scattered throughout the cortex, terminal, cruciately divided, 10 – 14 × 10 – 24 µm.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D06FFB67094FA11FD2BFA51.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: ARS 09739 / BISH 780911, Kapou (Lisianski), Hawai‘i, USA (25 ° 52.94 ʹN, 173 ° 57.73 ʹW, 84 m depth, collected 15 September 2014 by R. Pyle and D. Wagner). GenBank accessions: rbc L, OM 621858; COI, OM 509720. ISOTYPES: BISH 780912 and BISH 780913, collection details as for the holotype.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D06FFB67094FA11FD2BFA51.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The species epithet kalaukapuae honours Laura Kalaukapu Low Lucas Thompson (1925 – 2020) for her advocacy for Hawai‘i’s cultural and natural resources, especially her significant contributions to the creation of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument, including her role as a founding member of the NWHI Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve (see Table S 3 for more information on how specific nomenclature was developed using traditional Hawaiian naming practices in collaboration with the Papahānaumokuākea Native Hawaiian Cultural Working Group, CWG).	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D06FFB67094FA11FD2BFA51.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION: Throughout the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument including Manawai (Pearl and Hermes Atoll), Kapou (Lisianski Island) and Lalo (French Frigate Shoals), and exclusively collected from mesophotic depths, at 83 – 85 m. Morphology and ecology Thalli are foliose, consisting of a single blade, 1.5 – 35 cm long and 1.5 – 48 cm wide, arising from a short, stiff, cartilaginous stipe, abruptly expanding into a broad, gelatinous blade (Figs 2 – 6). Thalli ranging from blush to rose pink, sometimes tending to a pinkish brown colour. Blade margins are mostly pleated to undulate. Blades 150 – 230 µm thick in section (Fig. 7) with peripheral cells ultimately bearing cortex of one or two layers of periclinally compressed inner cortical cells, 3 – 6 × 6 – 11 µm, and a cartilaginous stipe <0.6 cm in length and 1.0 – 1.5 mm in diameter (Fig. 8). Medulla lax with an interconnected network of darkly staining stellate cells, typically with central bodies 7 – 9 µm in diameter and long, thin arms 2 – 4 µm wide by 30 – 100 µm long (Fig. 9), extending parallel to the blade surface. Stellate cells connected to the cortex of one or two layers of small isodiametric outer cortical cells 1 – 3 µm wide by 5 – 10 µm long (Fig. 10). Tetrasporangia scattered in the cortex and cruciately divided (Fig. 11), 5 – 7 × 5 – 12 µm, on both surfaces and terminal in blade. Thalli are dioecious. Spermatangia are formed in nemathecia, scattered across median parts of the thallus; nemathecia develop on both sides of the blade, are darkly staining, and are elongate, with irregular margins (Fig. 12). Spermatangia (3 – 6 µm in diameter) borne singly on spermatangial mother cells (10 – 30 µm long) in the outer cortex. Cystocarps are approximately 600 – 900 µm in diameter, slightly protruding from the thallus surface, and are distributed across the blade surfaces except in the basal region. Carpospores 10 – 15 µm in diameter, forming a singular dense mass (Fig. 13). These blades are relatively abundant on the mesophotic reefs in the PMNM (Manawai, Kapou and Lalo). They have been so far only documented from mesophotic depths (83 – 85 m). Blades are typically attached at a single point to coral rubble on a sandy bottom and are often observed to have a sprawling habit.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D03FFB6709FFD9AFA27F9B2.taxon	description	Figs 14 – 16 DESCRIPTION: Blades typically flabellate, single or clustered, 1 – 6 cm long by 1 – 8 cm wide and 40 – 80 µm thick, lobed with broadly crenate margin, magenta pink to rose red, with a soft, slippery consistency. One or more blades developing and producing in turn several to many marginal, subdichotomously highly lobed blades, often overtopping one another. Medulla uniform throughout with a sparse arrangement of elongated filamentous stellate cells with 4 – 6 arms; cortex 1 – 2 layers of ovoid cells, 1 – 3 µm wide by 5 – 10 µm high.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D03FFB6709FFD9AFA27F9B2.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: ARS 09989 / BISH 780919, ‘ Au‘Au Channel, Maui, Hawai‘i, USA (104 m depth), collected 29 September 2006 by H. Spalding and T. Kerby. GenBank accession: rbc L, OM 621863.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D03FFB6709FFD9AFA27F9B2.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The species epithet haukoaweo refers to “ the vibrant limu entwined with pūko’ako’a (Halimeda sp.) found in the cool deep waters ”. The term ‘ hau’ in the name also honours Mr. Skippy Hau, conservationist and retired State of Hawai‘i Division of Aquatic Resources staff on Maui, for his lifetime dedication to the ocean and his community (see Table S 3 for more details on how the CWG developed the species name).	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D03FFB6709FFD9AFA27F9B2.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION: A single collection, from ‘ Au‘Au Channel, Maui, Hawai‘i, USA; mesophotic depth of 104 m. Morphology and ecology Blades single or clustered, 1 – 6 cm in height, 1 – 8 cm wide, lobed with broadly crenate margins (Fig. 14). Blades in cross section uniformly 40 – 80 µm thick. Stipe and mode of attachment to substrate not observed. The medulla consisting primarily of sparse filaments and stellate cells with central bodies ranging from 5 – 10 µm wide by 1 – 3 µm high, and elongate, slender arms (4 – 6 in number) that are 2 – 3 µm wide by 15 – 50 µm long (Fig. 15). Surface view of outer cortical ovoid cells 1 – 3 µm wide by 5 – 10 µm high (Fig. 16). Tetrasporangial and gametangial reproduction not observed. Although mode of attachment of blades was not identified, parts of blades were found entwined with species of mounding, prostrate species of Halimeda J. V. Lamouroux, which are abundant in the ‘ Au‘Au Channel, Maui (see Spalding et al. 2019, fig. 29.1 b). Blades of C. haukoaweo are only documented in the MHI in the ‘ Au‘Au Channel, Maui at 104 m depth.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D03FFB77358FE39FD8FFEA8.taxon	description	Figs 17 – 21 DESCRIPTION: Blades foliose, magenta pink to rose red, blades sometimes wider than high, 5 – 9 cm in height and 0.5 – 7 cm wide. Blades are smooth-surfaced, irregularly lobed, membranous, and attached with a short stipe to the substratum by a small discoid holdfast. Blades uniformly 40 – 80 µm thick, the medulla composed primarily of sparse filaments and stellate cells with central bodies 5 – 9 µm wide by 7 – 13 µm high, and elongate, slender arms (4 – 6 in number), 2 – 4 µm wide by 30 – 100 µm long. The outer cortical layer subtending 1 – 2 layers of refractive isodiametric cells, 3 – 7 µm wide by 5 – 12 µm high.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D03FFB77358FE39FD8FFEA8.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: ARS 09953 / BISH 780920, ‘ Au‘Au Channel, Maui, Hawai‘i, USA (113 m depth), collected 29 September 2006 by H. Spalding and T. Kerby. GenBank accessions: rbc L, OM 621861; COI, OM 509723. ISOTYPE: ARS 09954 / BISH 780921, ‘ Au‘Au Channel, Maui, Hawai‘i, USA (94 m depth), collected 29 September 2006 by H. Spalding and T. Kerby.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D03FFB77358FE39FD8FFEA8.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The species epithet ohelouliuli refers to “ the dark and vibrant ‘ ōhelo ” (or algae with no known species attached to it). ‘ Ōhelo also describes the colour of the limu in its reference to a mauka (land) plant, Vaccinium reticulatum Smith, and its deep, red-coloured berries and endemicity to Hawai‘i (see Table S 3 for more details on how the species name was developed by the CWG).	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D03FFB77358FE39FD8FFEA8.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION: Two specimens collected from the ‘ Au‘Au Channel, Maui, Hawai‘i, USA; depth range of 94 – 113 m. Morphology and ecology Thalli are bright fuchsia to dark red, soft and fleshy, irregularly lobed or with smooth margins, 1.5 – 9 cm in length and 0.5 – 7 cm in width (Figs 17, 18). Blades emerge from a short stipe with a small discoid holdfast that attaches to the substratum, beset with numerous perforations and small protuberances, and are uniformly 40 – 80 µm thick (Fig. 19). The medulla is composed primarily of sparse filaments with darkly staining stellate cells with large central bodies 5 – 9 µm wide by 7 – 13 µm, bearing high and elongate, slender, radiating arms (4 – 6 in number), 2 – 4 µm wide by 30 – 100 µm long (Fig. 20). Cortex compact with 1 – 2 layers of isodiametric cells, 3 – 7 µm wide by 5 – 12 µm high (Fig. 21). Tetrasporangial and gametangial reproduction not observed. Blades found growing attached either to dense assemblages of Halimeda spp or coral rubble. Numerous perforations and small protuberances on blades either ontogenetic or marks of grazing pressure from mesophotic herbivores. So far, this species has only been documented in the MHI, ‘ Au‘Au Channel, Maui at a depth range of 94 – 113 m.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D02FFBA709BF8D3FD64F972.taxon	description	Figs 22 – 26 DESCRIPTION: Thalli single, composed of non-perforate blades with smooth to minutely dentate margins, rose pink in colour. Thalli with a soft, slippery consistency, 1.0 cm long by 0.6 cm wide and 50 – 100 µm thick, and orbicular in shape. Cruciately divided tetrasporangia scattered in the cortex of both blade surfaces, typically spherical and regularly cruciate, 14 – 18 × 14 – 18 µm. Medulla with a loose arrangement of elongate stellate cells 30 – 50 µm in diameter, bearing 6 – 8 radiating arms 2 – 4 × 50 – 100 μm; cortex of 1 – 2 layers of small isodiametric cells, 2 – 5 μm in diameter.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D02FFBA709BF8D3FD64F972.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE: ARS 09948 / BISH 780907, Manawai (Pearl and Hermes Atoll), Hawai‘i, USA (27 ° 44.48 ʹN, 175 ° 57.50 ʹW, 84 m depth, collected 15 September 2014 by B. Hauk). GenBank accessions: r bc L, OM 621860; COI, OM 509722.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D02FFBA709BF8D3FD64F972.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY: The species epithet pakualapa refers to “ a sprawling, tapered limu found on the ridge ” (see Table S 3 for more details on how the species name was developed by the CWG).	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
03850F029D02FFBA709BF8D3FD64F972.taxon	distribution	DISTRIBUTION: A single specimen collected from Manawai (Pearl and Hermes Atoll), Hawai‘i, USA; at a depth of 85 m. Morphology and ecology Only a single blade was collected, non-stipitate, 1.0 cm in height, 0.6 cm wide, with smooth to minutely dentate margins (Figs 22 – 23). Blade cross section 50 – 100 µm thick (Fig. 24). Tetrasporangia scattered in the cortex of both blade surfaces, typically spherical and regularly cruciate, 14 × 14 to 18 × 18 µm (Fig. 25). The inner cortex is composed of 1 – 2 layers of small, isodiametric cells, 2 – 5 μm in diameter, which subtends one or two layers of periclinally elongated outer cortical cells covering the subsurface cells (Fig. 25). Medullary stellate cells 30 – 50 µm in diameter, bearing 6 – 8 radiating arms 2 – 4 × 50 – 100 μm (Fig. 26). Gametangial reproduction not observed. The single blade was collected at Manawai (Pearl and Hermes Atoll, PMNM) at a depth of 85 m. Although mode of attachment was not identified, this small blade was collected on a flat sandy surface, adjacent to a ridge.	en	Cabrera, Feresa P., Huisman, John M., Spalding, Heather L., Kosaki, Randall K., Smith, Celia M., Sherwood, Alison R. (2022): Cryptic diversity in the genus Croisettea (Kallymeniaceae, Rhodophyta) from Hawaiian mesophotic reefs. Phycologia 61 (6): 572-583, DOI: 10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823, URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2022.2096823
