taxonID	type	description	language	source
038487F6FFC7C239FF466A2B46FEBC77.taxon	description	Figures 1 A, 2 A, 3	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC7C239FF466A2B46FEBC77.taxon	materials_examined	Materials Examined NTOUP- 2025 - 11 - 012, 4 ind., 32.7 – 46.8 mm SL, outlet of PHU brackish pond, coll. B. - Y. Lin, 19 April 2025.	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC7C239FF466A2B46FEBC77.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis D 2. I, 8; A. I, 8; P 1 15 – 16; LR. 45 – 47; TR. 14; Pred. 21 – 23. Body with lightning-like dark transverse bands. D 1 with an oval shaped blotch, third spine longest.	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC7C239FF466A2B46FEBC77.taxon	description	Redescription Morphometric percentages shown in table 2. Body robust, slightly slender in female individuals. Head bulbous (distinct in males). Mouth slightly oblique, gape larger in males. Anterior nostril with a tubular opening while the posterior nostril is merely an oval-shaped hole. Vertebrae count 10 + 16 = 26 (4). Fins. See table 1 for meristic frequencies. D 1 VI (4); D 2 I, 8 (4); A I, 8 (4); P 1 15 (1) – 16 (3); P 2 I, 5 (4). First dorsal fin in rounded rectangular shape, with the third spine only slightly longest. Second dorsal fin origin slightly anterior to the anal fin origin. Pelvic fin oval shaped. Caudal fin rounded. Squamation. See table 1 for meristic frequencies. LR 45 (1), 46 (1) or 47 (2); TR 14; Pred 21 (1), 22 (2) or 23; D-P 11 (1) – 12 (3). Body covered in both ctenoid and cycloid scales. Predorsal region mostly covered in rather large cycloid scales until the vertical of preopercle, and thoracic region with small cycloid scales. Cheeks naked. dorsal regions of operculum with patches of small cycloid scales. Cephalic sensory organs. See figure 3 for detailed sensory organ patterns. All canal pores absent. Sensory papillae in longitudinal pattern. For the infraorbital papillae rows: row a short, about the same length as orbit; row b extends until the posterior edge of preopercle; row cp and d in almost equal length. Opercle rows all separated. The chin row f in a pair of 2 papillae. Live coloration. See figure 1 A. Body in brownish yellow while male individuals express dark colorations under stress. Body lined with about 7 diamond-like dark blotches, and caudal peduncle with 2 to 3 rows of lightning-like transverse bands. Head with numerous cloud-like blotches. D 1 with a dusky margin and a transparent band, possessing metallic shade. Centre of D 1 with a smear of dark blotch. D 2 with a dusky margin with whitish band, posterior tip with a yellowish dash; a series of elliptical blotch lined up along D 2. Anal fin yellowish thoroughly with a dark margin. Pectoral fins and pelvic fins dusky without pigmentations. Caudal fin with wavy brown stripes. Coloration in preservatives. See figure 2 A. All bright colours fade away; whole body turn blackish and almost all body blotches become vague and indistinct.	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC7C239FF466A2B46FEBC77.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat The species was collected near the coastal outlet pool of the NPU brackish pond, the substrates were rubble and the pool will be flooded with sea water during spring tide. The sympatric species being Metopograpsus thukuhar (Owen, 1839), Ligia exotica Roux, 1828, Platorchestia spp., Mugilidae spp., Scatophagus argus (Linnaeus, 1766) and Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskål, 1775).	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC4C23CFF466F3A4740BDC7.taxon	description	Figures 1 B, 2 B, 4	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC4C23CFF466F3A4740BDC7.taxon	materials_examined	Materials Examined NTOUP- 2025 - 11 - 013, 3 ind., 21.5 – 28.0 mm SL, water way of Hu-Xi ditch, coll. Z. - X. Luo, 26 September 2025.	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC4C23CFF466F3A4740BDC7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis D 2. I, 7; A. I, 7; P 1 14; LR. 29 – 30; TR. 9; Pred. 12 – 14. D 1 with a distinct black spot. Nape with a dark stripe extending downwardly to the pectoral fin bases. Caudal fin base with a pair of small black spots.	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC4C23CFF466F3A4740BDC7.taxon	description	Redescription Morphometric percentages shown in table 2. Body slightly elongated. Head not distinctly bulbous in both sexes. Mouth slightly oblique, gape distinctly larger in males. Anterior nostril with a tubular opening while the posterior nostril is merely an oval-shaped hole. Vertebrae count 10 + 16 = 26 (4). Fins. See table 1 for meristic frequencies. D 1 VI (3); D 2 I, 7 (3); A I, 7 (3); P 1 14 (3); P 2 I, 5 (4). First dorsal fin almost rounded in shape, with 2 nd till 4 th spine elongated, 4 th spin elongation longest. D 1 elongation is seen in both sexes while distinct in male. Second dorsal fin origin slightly anterior to the anal fin origin. Pelvic fin oval shaped. Caudal fin rounded. Squamation. See table 1 for meristic frequencies. LR 29 (2) – 30 (1); TR 9; Pred 12 (1), 13 (2) or 14; D-P 8 (3). Body covered in both ctenoid and cycloid scales. Predorsal region mostly covered in rather large cycloid scales until the vertical of preopercle, and thoracic region with small cycloid scales. Cheeks naked. Dorsal regions of operculum with patches of small cycloid scales. Cephalic sensory organs. See figure 4 for detailed sensory organ patterns. All canal pores absent. Sensory papillae in longitudinal pattern. For the infraorbital papillae rows: row a short, only about 1 / 3 of orbit; row b extends until the posterior edge of preopercle; row cp slightly shorter that row d. Opercle rows all separated. The chin row f in a pair of 2 transverse rows. Live coloration. See figure 1 B. Body almost transparent or slightly dusky. Lateral side with 7 diamond-like spots lines medially. Scales with distinct dark margin. Head with lattice-like markings. Nape with a distinct transverse stripe extending obliquely backwards to pectoral fin base. Another transverse stripe running from middle of D 1 base to mid-lateral of trunk. D 1 with dusky margin, a distinct oval spot can be seen locating at the posterior 2 / 3. D 2 with dusky margin and a greyish white longitudinal band. Anal fin, pectoral fins and pelvic fins blotchless, anal fin dusky. Caudal fin base with 2 black spots and 2 – 3 transverse bands near posterior edge of caudal peduncle. Coloration in preservatives. Body turns pale and opaque. All dark blotches remained consistent.	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
038487F6FFC4C23CFF466F3A4740BDC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution and habitat The species was collected at an artificial waterway that was part of the Hu-Xi ditch (ậƌ 大 ụ). The waterway was connected to the sea, and substrates were mainly composed by dead coral rubbles and mud. Sympatric species being Macrobrachium nipponense De Haan, 1849, Rhinogobius similis Gill, 1859, Terapon jarbua (Forsskål, 1775), Oreochromis spp. and Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758.	en	Li, Hsien-En, Luo, Zhi-Xiang, Lin, Bao-Yang, Shy, Jhy-Yun, Chen, I-Shiung (2025): First regional record of two Mugilogobius Smitt (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) from Penghu (Pescadores Islands), Formosan Strait. Zootaxa 5738 (1): 147-155, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5738.1.18
