taxonID	type	description	language	source
038787CE72296A761BC9FDB7E7A42707.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 8)	en	Cavalleri, Adriano, Ataíde, Kelber Fagundes De, Moreira, Wagner Silva (2026): Far from home: a new grass-feeding Chirothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from South Brazil. Zootaxa 5845 (2): 397-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12
038787CE72296A761BC9FDB7E7A42707.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Female macropterous (Fig. 1), body brown, head and abdominal segments IX – X darkest, tibiae paler at apex, tarsi yellow; antennal segments largely brown, II brownish yellow at apical third, III yellowish brown, IV slightly darker than III; fore wings shaded. Antenna 8 - segmented; segment II symmetric; III and IV with simple sense cones; IV and V each with a basal constriction forming a short pedicel (Fig. 5). Head (Fig. 2) about as long as wide and weakly extended anteriorly; three pairs of minute ocellar setae, pair III lateral to fore ocellus; five pairs of postocular setae; mouth cone as long as head and rounded at tip. Pronotum (Fig. 2) subtrapezoidal, anterior margin shorter than the posterior, with transverse lines of sculpture; two pairs of moderately long posteroangular setae, inner and outer pair subequal in length, posterior margin with 4 or 5 pairs of short setae, about 25 short discal setae. Prosternum with ferna divided medially, basantra membranous; prospinasternum transverse, narrow. Mesonotum (Fig. 3) with transverse lines of sculpture and with a pair campaniform sensilla arising at lateral margin; metanotum (Fig. 3) with irregular sculpture medially and with longitudinal lines laterally, median discal setae arising far behind anterior margin, paired campaniform sensilla present. Meso and metasternal furca with welldeveloped lateral flanges, without spinula. Fore legs not enlarged, tarsi 2 - segmented. Fore wings (Fig. 4) slightly curved medially and acuminate at apex, first row with 6 setae on anterior half and 2 setae near tip, second row with 8 setae, scale with 5 marginal setae and 1 discal seta. Abdomen with tergites (Fig. 6) bearing transverse lines of sculpture, paired median setae short and widely separated; campaniform sensilla usually placed laterally to the median setae; posterior margins of tergites II – VIII with a craspedum composed of partially overlapping lobes, each with acuminate apex; tergite X (Fig. 8) longer than IX and with median split incomplete; sternites (Fig. 7) with transverse sculptural lines; II – VII bearing a moderately long lobed craspedum, lobes with acuminate apices and not overlapping; II – VII with three pairs setae on posterior margin, median pair (= S 1) on VII arising slightly anterior to posterior margin; ovipositor exceptionally long.	en	Cavalleri, Adriano, Ataíde, Kelber Fagundes De, Moreira, Wagner Silva (2026): Far from home: a new grass-feeding Chirothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from South Brazil. Zootaxa 5845 (2): 397-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12
038787CE72296A761BC9FDB7E7A42707.taxon	description	Male. Unknown. Measurements (holotype in microns): Body length (distended) 1,556; Head dorsal length (from interantennal process) 109, width 110, eye dorsal length 58. Antennal segments I – VIII length (width): I 16 (31), II 27 (26); III 26 (23); IV 30 (22); V 28 (18); VI 37 (16); VII 10 (5); VIII 11 (4). Pronotum length 177, width at anterior margin, 118, width at posterior margin, 179; posteroangular setae 27 (outer pair), 32 (inner pair). Fore wing length 663. Abdominal tergite IX median length 93, maximum width 133, tergite X median length 122, maximum width 79; tergite IX S 1 setae 94, S 2 setae 98; tergite X S 1 setae 83 long.	en	Cavalleri, Adriano, Ataíde, Kelber Fagundes De, Moreira, Wagner Silva (2026): Far from home: a new grass-feeding Chirothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from South Brazil. Zootaxa 5845 (2): 397-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12
038787CE72296A761BC9FDB7E7A42707.taxon	materials_examined	Specimens examined. Holotype female: BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul state, Eldorado do Sul (30 ° 06 ’ 58 ” S; 51 ° 41 ’ 05 ” W), 04. III. 2010, in soil (sweeping net) (Podgaiski, L. col.) (FURG 2529). Paratypes: 9 females, same data as the holotype; 3 females collected at the same site, but on 05. III. 2010, and 1 female on 06. IV. 2010. Non-paratype specimens mounted in Hoyers: 1 female, BRAZIL, Rio Grande do Sul state, Cachoeirinha, 16. XI. 2004, collected using a sweep net near a rice plantation (Rodrigues, E. N. col.).	en	Cavalleri, Adriano, Ataíde, Kelber Fagundes De, Moreira, Wagner Silva (2026): Far from home: a new grass-feeding Chirothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from South Brazil. Zootaxa 5845 (2): 397-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12
038787CE72296A761BC9FDB7E7A42707.taxon	discussion	Comments: The sites where this new species was collected were dominated by invasive African Poaceae, particularly species of Eragrostis and Urochloa. Chirothrips longiventralis sp. n. is unusual in having a long and slender body, and antennal segment II not laterally projected. The shape of this antennal segment varies considerably within Chirothrips, with many species exhibiting the outer lateral margin strongly asymmetrical, whereas in others it is only weakly angulate (e. g., C. falsus). Only a few species, including C. atricorpus Girault, C. capensis and C. guillarmodi (Hood) from Africa, C. hamatus from Europe, and C. secalis from the USA, have antennal segment II clearly symmetrical. Chirothrips longiventralis sp. n. appears to be most closely related to the African species, which also generally bear a lobed craspedum or flange on the posterior margins of the tergites and sternites. The new species shares with C. atricorpus and C. capensis the stout, simple sense cones on antennal segments III – IV, but differs in having antennal segment IV pedicellate and abdominal segments IX – X distinctly longer, each more than 1.5 times as long as segment VIII. Its unusually slender and acuminate abdomen resembles that of C. guillarmodi, but the latter differs in having forked sense cones on antennal segments III – IV, head not prolonged in front of the eyes, and the median setae on the metanotum arising at the anterior margin of the sclerite. Chirothrips hamatus is characterized by the fore femur with the outer apical margin sharply recurved and hook-like, and by the posterior margins of the sternites bearing short tubercles. Chirothrips secalis also exhibits a distinct combination of characters, including a strongly trapezoidal pronotum, much longer pronotal posteroangular setae (46 – 56 μm), and a forked sense cone on antennal segment IV.	en	Cavalleri, Adriano, Ataíde, Kelber Fagundes De, Moreira, Wagner Silva (2026): Far from home: a new grass-feeding Chirothrips (Thysanoptera, Thripidae) from South Brazil. Zootaxa 5845 (2): 397-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12, URL: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5845.2.12
