taxonID	type	description	language	source
03FC87D1FF9CFFE8FF7BEFE1FAFFF86A.taxon	materials_examined	— TYPE: BRAZIL. Bahia: Abaíra, Pico do Barbado, 13 ° 17 ' 0.04 "" S, 41 ° 55 ' 59.94 " W 1,800 – 2,430 m, 15 Aug 1998, A. M. Giulietti, G. L. Campos, A. S. Conceição, A. T. Brito & R. P. Oliveira 1454 (holotype: HUEFS!).	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9CFFE8FF7BEFE1FAFFF86A.taxon	diagnosis	Dichanthelium congesto affine sed spiculis non stipitatis, gluma inferiore ½ spiculam aequans vel breviore, gluma superiore 9 – 11 - nervia, differt.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9CFFE8FF7BEFE1FAFFF86A.taxon	description	Short rhizomatous perennials, caespitose. Culms 15 – 40 cm tall, many noded, erect, freely branching, more so toward the middle and upper nodes; internodes 0.5 – 3 cm long, hollow, terete, shortly pilose, barbate; nodes compressed, dark, pilose. Sheaths 1.2 – 3 cm long, usually longer than the internodes, overlapping, striate, the margins long ciliate toward the apex, otherwise sparsely pilose to glabrous. Ligules 0.2 – 0.4 mm long, membranous- ciliate, the membranous portion reduced, with long hairs beneath at the base of the blade; collar pale, pilose. Blades 1 – 3 × 0.4 – 0.5 cm, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, flat, hispid on both surfaces with papillose-pilose hairs to sparsely pilose, subcordate at the base, the apex acute, margins long-ciliate, scabrous, involute toward the apex. Peduncle up to 3 cm long, included in the uppermost leaves or partially exerted, shortly pilose to glabrous. Inflorescence 3 – 5 × 1 – 2 cm, lax, few flowered panicle; main axis wavy, sparsely pilose near the branches, otherwise smooth, glabrous; pulvini pilose, with long whitish hairs; first order branches up to 0.8 cm long, divergent or appressed, alternate, axis of the branches smooth, glabrous, delicate, terete; pedicels 2 – 5 mm long, claviform, with long whitish hairs toward the base. Spikelets 3 – 3.2 × 1.2 – 1.4 mm, long-ellipsoid, acute, green or tinged with purple, glabrous, upper glume and lower lemma acuminate, exceeding the upper anthecium in length. Lower glume 1.2 – 1.6 mm long, ca. ½ or less the length of the spikelet, ovate, subulate, hyaline, glabrous, 1 – 3 - nerved, the nerves not manifest, not embracing the upper glume. Upper glume as long as the spikelet, glabrous to sparsely pilose, 9 – 11 - nerved, tinged with purple at the apex. Lower lemma as long as the spikelet, glumiform, glabrous to sparsely pilose, 9 - nerved. Lower palea 2.4 – 2.6 × 1.2 mm, ovate, hyaline, the margins ciliolate, apex acute; lower flower absent. Upper anthecium 2.4 × 1.2 mm, ellipsoid, apiculate, pale, with simple papillae regularly distributed all over its surface, shortly pilose at the apex (Fig. 2); lodicules ca. 0.4 mm long, 2, truncate; stamens 3. Caryopsis not seen. Figure 1.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9CFFE8FF7BEFE1FAFFF86A.taxon	etymology	Etymology — The name refers to the locality “ Pico do Barbado ”, type locality of the species. Pico do Barbado is the highest mountain in the Brazilian state of Bahia.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9CFFE8FF7BEFE1FAFFF86A.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Habitat — Only known from “ campos rupestres, ” rock fields, of Chapada Diamantina in Bahia, where this rare species grows in open, shrubby savannas, between 1,100 and 2,400 m elevation, together with species of Apochloa Zuloaga & Morrone and Renvoizea Zuloaga & Morrone (Poaceae), and genera of Velloziaceae and Eriocaulaceae.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9CFFE8FF7BEFE1FAFFF86A.taxon	discussion	Observations — Dichantheliumbarbadense isrelated, byitsdistribution and morphology, to D. congestum (Renvoize) Zuloaga and D. stipiflorum (Renvoize) Zuloaga; all these species grow within the Espinhaço range, Chapada Diamantina, in northeastern Brazil, although they do not overlap in its present distribution. Dichanthelium congestum differs by having a lower glume ¾ or more the length of the spikelet, 5 – 7 - nerved, with a conspicuous internode between both glumes. Dichanthelium stipiflorum is distinguished by its cordate, clasping blades, and spikelets densely hirsute with a conspicuous stipe between the lower and upper glume. Dichanthelium barbadense shares, with other species of Dichanthelium, a non Kranz anatomy, with more than four mesophyll cells between consecutive vascular bundles, and also extensions of the outer bundle sheath adaxially and abaxially (Fig. 3, A-B).	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9DFFEAFDE1ED77FA3EFC9F.taxon	discussion	The following key provides a delimitation of D. barbadense from species of the genus with a similar geographic distribution.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9EFFEBFF7BE93DFB98F921.taxon	materials_examined	— TYPE: BRAZIL. Bahia. Rio de Contas, ca. 5 km da cidade, em direção ao Pico das Almas, 13 ° 32 ' 58 " S, 41 ° 51 ' 03 " W, 1,107 m, 1 Aug 2006, R. M. Harley 55486 (holotype: HUEFS!).	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9EFFEBFF7BE93DFB98F921.taxon	diagnosis	Panicum condensato affine sed laminis cordatis et pseudopetiolatis, amplexicaulibus, inflorescentiis ca. 50 ramos, et palea inferiore absens differt.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9EFFEBFF7BE93DFB98F921.taxon	description	Plants of indefinite duration, probably perennial. Culms decumbent, rooting at the lower nodes, then becoming erect, ca. 50 cm tall; internodes 3 – 7 cm long, compressed, hollow, glabrous; nodes dark, compressed, glabrous. Sheaths 2 – 7 cm long, usually shorter than the internodes, striate, glabrous, the margins membranous, pilose. Ligules 0.7 mm long, membranous, with a short and sparse fringe of hairs at the apex; collar brown, glabrous. Blades 7 – 13 × 0.3 – 0.6 cm, lanceolate, sparsely pilose on the adaxial surface, the abaxial surface glabrous, subcordate, the apex acuminate, margins membranous, ciliate at the base, otherwise glabrous. Peduncles ca. 11 cm long, exserted, terete, glabrous. Inflorescence an open terminal panicle 15 × 7 cm; main axis wavy, smooth, glabrous on the lower portion, otherwise hispid; pulvini glabrous or sparingly pilose; first order branches 11, alternate and divergent, distant 1 – 4.5 cm from each other, the lower ones 4.5 – 5.5 cm long, second order branches basal in the first order branches, short, with 3 – 4 spikelets; axis of the branches triquetrous, glabrous, scabrous, purple; spikelets paired and unilaterally arranged; pedicels 1 – 5 mm long, claviform, glabrous to finely scabrous toward the apex, purple. Spikelets 2.5 – 2.6 × 0.8 – 1 mm, ellipsoid, green and tinged with purple, glumes and lower lemma membranous, with small papillae all over its surface, the upper glume and lower lemma subequal. Lower glume 1.5 – 1.7 mm long, ca. 2 / 3 the length of the spikelet, acute, 3 – 5 - nerved, the midnerve scabrous. Upper glume as long as the spikelet, acute, 5 - nerved, the midnerve scabrous. Lower lemma glumiform, 5 - nerved, the midnerve scabrous. Lower palea small, hyaline, glabrous; lower flower absent. Upper anthecium 2.3 – 2.5 × 0.6 – 0.7 mm, long-ellipsoid, pale, membranous, with simple papillae regularly distributed all over its surface and prickles toward the apex of lemma and palea, the apex cucullate (Fig. 5); upper lemma 5 - nerved; lodicules ca. 0.3 mm long, 2, cuneate; stamens 3, anthers 1.4 mm long. Caryopsis 1.1 × 0.6 mm, ovoid; hilum elliptical, embryo less than half the length of the caryopsis. Figure 4.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9EFFEBFF7BE93DFB98F921.taxon	etymology	Etymology — The new species is named in honor of Dr. Raymond M. Harley, a renowned botanist and a great collector of the Brazilian Flora.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9EFFEBFF7BE93DFB98F921.taxon	distribution	Distribution and Habitat — Only known from Rio de Contas in Bahia, Brazil, where this rare species grows in “ brejos, ” or swamp, humid areas at an elevation of 1,100 m.	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
03FC87D1FF9EFFEBFF7BE93DFB98F921.taxon	discussion	Observations — Panicum harleyi belongs to Panicum sect. Laxa (Zuloaga et al. 1992); it has spikelets unilaterally arranged on the branches, the upper glume and lower lemma 5 - nerved, and the upper anthecium membranous, with simple papillae and prickles. Within this section, P. harleyi is morphologically similar to P. condensatum, from which the latter differs by having cordate, pseudopetiolate, and amplexicaulous leaves, inflorescences with nearly 50 branches, and lack lower paleas. As with other species of P. sect. Laxa, P. harleyi is a C 3 species with several cells between consecutive vascular bundles, and with associated fusoid cells (Fig. 3, C-D).	en	L. Salariato, Diego, O. Zuloaga, Fernando (2011): New Species of Paniceae (Poaceae, Panicoideae) from Brazil. Systematic Botany (Basel, Switzerland) 36 (1): 53-58, DOI: 10.1600/036364411X553126, URL: https://doi.org/10.1600/036364411x553126
